World Allergy Organization Journal最新文献

{"title":"Hydrogen inhalation: A novel approach to alleviating allergic rhinitis symptoms by modulating nasal flora","authors":"Nan Wang MSc ,&nbsp;Qianzi Ma MSc ,&nbsp;Jiayuan Zhai MSc ,&nbsp;Yanlu Che MSc ,&nbsp;Junjie Liu MSc ,&nbsp;Tianwei Tang MSc ,&nbsp;Yanan Sun PhD ,&nbsp;Jingting Wang PhD ,&nbsp;Wanchao Yang PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2024.100970","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.waojou.2024.100970","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Allergic rhinitis (AR) is an allergic reaction dominated by the Th2 immune response in the nasal mucosa. The bacterial infection process affects the balance between Th1 and Th2 immune responses, and the level of exposure to environmental flora is closely related to the development of AR. Hydrogen (H₂) is a medical molecule with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. This study aimed to explore the possible mechanism of action of H₂ on AR through its ability to regulate the balance of nasal flora.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Serum eosinophil count (EOS), immunoglobulin E (IgE) concentration, visual analog scale (VAS), total nasal symptom score (TNSS), and rhinoconjunctivitis quality of life questionnaire (RQLQ) were observed before and after hydrogen inhalation in AR patients. Skin prick test (SPT) was used to determine allergen sensitisation. Community composition and relative abundance of nasal flora were examined before and after hydrogen inhalation and in normal subjects using 16S rRNA gene sequencing.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>There were no adverse reactions during and after hydrogen inhalation in AR patients, with a favorable safety profile and significant improvements in VAS, TNSS, EOS, and IgE (P &lt; 0.05). Cavity flora 16S rRNA gene sequencing showed higher abundance of Ruminococcus and Erysipelotrichaceae flora in the nasal cavity of AR patients than in normal subjects, and their abundance could be down-regulated after H₂ inhalation. H₂ significantly increased the abundance of Blautia_faecis and negatively correlated with VAS, TNSS, EOS, and IgE.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>H₂ may improve symptoms in AR patients by modulating the distribution of nasal flora. Trials with larger sample sizes are required to further test this hypothesis.</p></div><div><h3>Trial registration</h3><p>This trial was registered in the China Clinical Trial Registry (Registration No. ChiCTR2200062253).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54295,"journal":{"name":"World Allergy Organization Journal","volume":"17 10","pages":"Article 100970"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1939455124001029/pdfft?md5=6057376b9ebb8c62876dc1de4c1e1586&pid=1-s2.0-S1939455124001029-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142167390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"World Allergy Organization (WAO) Diagnosis and Rationale for Action against Cow's Milk Allergy (DRACMA) guideline update – XI – Milk supplement/replacement formulas for infants and toddlers with CMA – Systematic review","authors":"Antonio Bognanni MD, PhD (c) ,&nbsp;Ramon T. Firmino DDS, PhD ,&nbsp;Stefania Arasi MD, MSc, PhD ,&nbsp;Derek K. Chu MD ,&nbsp;Alexandro W.L. Chu BHSc ,&nbsp;Siw Waffenschmidt Dr. ,&nbsp;Arnav Agarwal MD ,&nbsp;Piotr Dziechciarz MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Andrea Horvath MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Hanako Mihara MD, MPH ,&nbsp;Yetiani Roldan MD ,&nbsp;Luigi Terracciano MD ,&nbsp;Alberto Martelli MD ,&nbsp;Anna Starok MSc ,&nbsp;Maria Said RN ,&nbsp;Raanan Shamir MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Ignacio J. Ansotegui MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Lamia Dahdah MD ,&nbsp;Motohiro Ebisawa MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Elena Galli MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Jan L. Brożek MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2024.100947","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.waojou.2024.100947","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Background&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;Cow's milk allergy (CMA) is the most complex and common food allergy in infants. Elimination of cow's milk from the diet and replacement with a specialized formula for infants with cow's milk allergy who cannot be breastfed is an established approach to minimize the risk of severe allergic reactions while avoiding nutritional deficiencies. Given the availability of multiple options, such as extensively hydrolyzed cow's milk-based formula (eHF-CM), aminoacid formula (AAF), hydrolyzed rice formula (HRF), and soy formula (SF), there is some uncertainty regarding which formula might represent the most suitable choice with respect to health outcomes. The addition of probiotics to a specialized formula has also been proposed as a potential approach to possibly increase the benefit. We systematically reviewed specialized formulas for infants with CMA to inform the updated World Allergy Organization (WAO) DRACMA guidelines.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Objective&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;To systematically review and synthesize the available evidence about the use of specialized formulas for the management of individuals with CMA.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;We searched from inception PubMed, Medline, Embase, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), and the websites of selected allergy organizations, for randomized and non-randomized trials of any language investigating specialized formulas with or without probiotics. We included all studies irrespective of the language of the original publication. The last search was conducted in January 2024. We synthesized the identified evidence quantitatively or narratively as appropriate and summarized it in the evidence profiles. We conducted this review following the PRISMA, Cochrane methods, and the GRADE approach.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;We identified 3558 records including 14 randomized trials and 7 observational studies. Very low certainty evidence suggested that in infants with IgE-mediated CMA, eHF-CM, compared with AAF, might have higher probability of outgrowing CMA (risk ratio (RR) 2.32; risk difference (RD) 25 more per 100), while showing potentially lower probability of severe vomiting (RR 0.12, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.88; RD 23 fewer per 100, 95% CI 3 to 26) and developing food protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) (RR 0.15, 95% CI 0.03 to 0.82; RD 34 fewer per 100, 95% CI 7 to 39). We also found, however, that eHF-CM might be inferior to AAF in supporting a physiological growth, with respect to both weight (−5.5% from baseline, 95%CI -9.5% to −1.5%) and length (−0.7 z-score change, 95%CI -1.15 to −0.25) (very low certainty). We found similar effects for eHF-CM, compared with AAF, also in non-IgE CMA. When compared with SF, eHF-CM might favor weight gain for IgE CMA infants (0.23 z-score change, 95%CI 0.01 to 0.45), and tolerance acquisition (RR 1.86, 95%CI 1.03 to 3.37; RD 27%, 95%CI 1%–74%) for non-IgE CMA (both at very low certainty of the evidence (CoE)). The compa","PeriodicalId":54295,"journal":{"name":"World Allergy Organization Journal","volume":"17 9","pages":"Article 100947"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1939455124000784/pdfft?md5=66ff2824624436ea1fd9a9f7a05e7b14&pid=1-s2.0-S1939455124000784-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142162843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anaphylaxis in a country where Asia and Europe meet: Evaluation according to World Allergy Organization (WAO) and European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) diagnostic criteria","authors":"İsmet Bulut ,&nbsp;Zeynep Yegin Katran ,&nbsp;Dilek Yavuz","doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2024.100962","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.waojou.2024.100962","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Background&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;Anaphylaxis is an acute-onset, life-threatening clinical emergency involving more than one system. The World Allergy Organization (WAO) published anaphylaxis guidelines in 2020. The European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology (EAACI) published anaphylaxis guidelines in 2021 and reviewed the diagnosis of anaphylaxis, risk factors, comorbid diseases, treatment management, and prevention studies.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;In this study, clinical features, demographic characteristics, risk factors, treatment management, and evaluations according to EAACI and WAO diagnostic criteria were analysed in patients diagnosed with anaphylaxis. In this way, it was aimed to provide a perspective on the diagnosis, etiology, and treatment management in patients with anaphylaxis and to open a window for new studies.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;We retrospectively analysed the data recording system of patients who were evaluated with a history of systemic allergic reaction in the Allergy and Immunology outpatient clinic of our tertiary referral hospital in a ninety-month period between January 2016 and June 2023. The total number of patients admitted to our Allergy and Immunology Clinic between January 2016 and June 2023 was 14,9425. Among these patients, 1032 patients were evaluated in the outpatient clinic according to the ICD-10 (International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems) coding system and diagnosed as T78.2 Anaphylaxis by Allergy and Immunology Specialist. Each patient file was re-evaluated by the authors of the study and 689 eligible patients were included.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;Included in the study were 689 patients. The mean age of the patients was 46.2 ± 14.2 (35–57) years. 64.4% (n = 444) of the patients were female. Venom, drugs, and food were the 3 leading causes of anaphylaxis. In our study, younger age was determined as a statistically significant risk factor for food-induced anaphylaxis, female gender for drug-induced anaphylaxis and male gender for venom-induced anaphylaxis. (p &lt; 0.001) If the cause of anaphylaxis can be identified, such as venom, drug or food, the frequency of anaphylaxis decreases statistically significantly compared to idiopathic anaphylaxis. (p &lt; 0.001) The rate of acute hypotension, bronchospasm, or laryngeal involvement without skin involvement according to WAO and the rate of WAO severity classification grade 5 were significantly higher in patients who developed anaphylaxis due to venom compared to other patients (p &lt; 0.001). The rate of Grade 3 in the EAACI classification was significantly higher in patients who developed anaphylaxis due to venom compared to other cases (p &lt; 0.001).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;Our study was conducted in a city such as Istanbul, which connects both Asian and European continents. Moreover, it is important because it was conducted in a centre with the highest number of Allergy and Immunology outpatients per","PeriodicalId":54295,"journal":{"name":"World Allergy Organization Journal","volume":"17 9","pages":"Article 100962"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1939455124000930/pdfft?md5=eb3dab98edb1dc50ab64af18ed578987&pid=1-s2.0-S1939455124000930-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142168913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Food allergies in older people: An emerging health problem","authors":"Domenico Azzolino PhD ,&nbsp;Lara Verdi MD ,&nbsp;Simone Perna PhD ,&nbsp;Ivan Baldassari MSc ,&nbsp;Matteo Cesari MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Tiziano Lucchi MD","doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2024.100967","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.waojou.2024.100967","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The prevalence of food allergy (FA) is steadily increasing worldwide. Literature about FA in older people is very scarce since this is predominantly considered as a pediatric condition. However, FA can persist and/or develop across the life course. Given the growing increase in prevalence as well as their persistence, it can be expected that FA will soon represent an important issue in older people. Several age-related factors may potentially mask FA symptoms and/or mediate them in older people. These include mechanisms related to immune senescence, inflammation, and changes in gastrointestinal function as well as micronutrient deficiencies and the use of multiple medications. A multidimensional approach, taking into account the complexity in older people, it is thus important in the evaluation and management of FA during aging. The main and safest strategy in the management of FA is the allergen avoidance since their ingestion may lead to reactions ranging from mild to life-threatening. However, food restrictions should be carefully evaluated, especially in older people, for the risk of nutritional deficiencies and undernutrition.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54295,"journal":{"name":"World Allergy Organization Journal","volume":"17 9","pages":"Article 100967"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1939455124000991/pdfft?md5=7d221bd79f36e2d05029da07354141d4&pid=1-s2.0-S1939455124000991-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142168914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sphk1 regulates HMGB1 via HDAC4 and mediates epithelial pyroptosis in allergic rhinitis","authors":"Wei Huang MM ,&nbsp;Xi Chen MM ,&nbsp;Zizhen Liu MM,&nbsp;Changwu Li MD,&nbsp;Xin Wei MD,&nbsp;Jiabin Zhan MD,&nbsp;Quan Qiu MM,&nbsp;Jing Zheng MD","doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2024.100963","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.waojou.2024.100963","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a global health issue affecting millions of individuals worldwide. Pyroptosis has emerged as a major player in the development of AR, and targeting its inhibition with specific drugs holds promise for AR treatment. However, a comprehensive understanding of the precise mechanisms underlying pyroptosis in AR remains to be explored, warranting further investigation.</p></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><p>This study aims to elucidate the roles of HMGB1, Sphk1, and HDAC4 in regulating human nasal epithelial cell (hNEC) pyroptosis and AR.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>An <em>in vitro</em> AR cell culture model and <em>an in vivo</em> AR mouse model were established. Western blot, ELISA, histological staining, and flow cytometry were utilized to confirm the gene and protein expression. The interactions among Sphk1, HDAC4, and HMGB1 were validated through ChIP, Co-IP, and Dual-luciferase assay.</p></div><div><h3>Results and conclusion</h3><p>We identified that the expression levels of Sphk1, HMGB1, and inflammasome components, including IL-18, and IL-1β were elevated in AR patients and mouse models. Knockdown of Sphk1 inhibited hNEC pyroptosis induced by dust mite allergen. Overexpression of HDAC4 suppressed HMGB1-mediated pyroptosis in hNECs. In addition, HDAC4 was found to mediate the transcriptional regulation of HMGB1 via MEF2C, a transcription factor. Additionally, Sphk1 was shown to interact with CaMKII-δ, promoting the phosphorylation of HDAC4 and inhibiting its cytoplasmic translocation. Knockdown of HDAC4 reversed the effect of Sphk1 knockdown on pyroptosis. These discoveries offer a glimpse into the molecular mechanisms underlying AR and suggest potential therapeutic targets for the treatment of this condition.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54295,"journal":{"name":"World Allergy Organization Journal","volume":"17 9","pages":"Article 100963"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1939455124000942/pdfft?md5=447fffc4ee293f7e3d2dc1c343efcda7&pid=1-s2.0-S1939455124000942-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142149366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Who is at-risk for severe anaphylaxis in France?","authors":"Luciana Kase Tanno MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Pham Thao Van Luong MD, MSc ,&nbsp;Megane Dieval MSc ,&nbsp;Caroline Dunoyer PhD ,&nbsp;Djito Tevi Lawson MSc ,&nbsp;Nicolas Molinari PhD ,&nbsp;Isabella Annesi-Maesano MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Pascal Demoly MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2024.100951","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.waojou.2024.100951","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>The understanding of risk factors related to severe anaphylaxis is key to implementing prevention strategies. We present the first French population-based nine-year anaphylaxis hospitalization study evaluating specific trends and factors related to severe anaphylaxis (SA), to support identification of phenotypes at-risk.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This study used descriptive data from the French hospitalization database for the years 2012–2021, and included all patients hospitalized with anaphylaxis using International Classification of Diseases (ICD)-10 codes listed as a primary diagnosis. SA were cases that either required a hospitalization in intensive care units or resulted in death. Potential risk factors were identified according to corresponding ICD codes, available as secondary data during the patient's hospitalization.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The average hospitalization rate of all cases of anaphylaxis (SA and non-SA) was 1.34/100,000/year, and rate of admissions for SA was 0.08/100,000/year. Among the 5463 SA, 37.7% had unspecified coding label, when trigger was not identified. For SA cases in which trigger was identified, most were related to drugs (45.6%), followed by food (9.3%) and insect sting (7.2%). Overall, admissions due to anaphylaxis (SA and non-SA) were more frequent in males (57%). However, when the trigger was drugs, the proportion was significantly higher in females. For children aged 5–9 years, the most common trigger for SA was food. Patients for which SA was triggered by insect stings were identified exclusively in the 10–14 years age group. Chronic spontaneous urticaria was associated with insect sting-induced anaphylaxis, regardless of the severity. Angioedema was associated with all causes of SA. Cases of anaphylaxis presenting with urticaria and angioedema included cases with identified and unidentified triggers. Asthma and a personal history of allergy were associated with drug- and food-induced anaphylaxis.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>This is the first study to provide data on severe phenotypes of anaphylaxis in France. Data presented is key to the implementation of public health actions and preventive strategies to improve quality care.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54295,"journal":{"name":"World Allergy Organization Journal","volume":"17 9","pages":"Article 100951"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1939455124000826/pdfft?md5=a36aadc9096e58f62fbc2d1bd12b79d6&pid=1-s2.0-S1939455124000826-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142149367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of exacerbating factors of pediatric asthma before and after the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"Youn Kyoung Won MD, MPH ,&nbsp;Sung-Il Cho MD, ScD ,&nbsp;Eun Hee Chung MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2024.100961","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.waojou.2024.100961","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>The incidence of the existing respiratory virus and air pollutants had disappeared or decreased due to social distancing during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Therefore, there was no increase in asthma exacerbations in 2020. This study aimed to analyze the emergency department (ED) visits of children and adolescent patients with asthma before and after the COVID-19 outbreak and examine the effects of respiratory virus infection and air pollutants.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>This study included pediatric and adolescent patients with asthma aged 2–18 years who visited 419 EDs nationwide during February to December in 2018, 2019, and 2020. The patients who were diagnosed with asthma, ie, J45 or J46 (International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision) in the ED medical history, diagnosis history at discharge, and diagnosis at discharge after hospitalization through the ED were included using the National Emergency Department Information System. Data were analyzed by dividing the period as follows: pre-COVID-19 (from February to December 2018 and 2019) and COVID-19 pandemic (from February to December 2020).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The monthly average of 673 visiting patients (95% confidence interval [CI], 474–872) during the pre-COVID-19 period decreased to 176 (95% CI, 113–239) during the COVID-19 pandemic, which is a 73.8% decrease (p &lt; 0.001).</p><p>In the pre-COVID-19 period, peaks were observed in spring and autumn. Meanwhile, during the COVID-19 pandemic, a peak was observed only during autumn. During the COVID-19 pandemic, no relationship was found between the rhinovirus infection and asthma exacerbations (p &lt; 0.001).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Respiratory virus infections are strongly associated with asthma exacerbations in children and adolescents. In this study, air pollution is not a major factor for ER visits due to asthma exacerbations. Even though the prevalence of respiratory viruses is decreasing, ED visits due to worsening asthma are trending in the fall. This phenomenon may indicate that asthma has worsened due to other causes such as pollen or fluctuations in temperature and air pressure.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54295,"journal":{"name":"World Allergy Organization Journal","volume":"17 9","pages":"Article 100961"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1939455124000929/pdfft?md5=34f2bc824c862a81984acf53bcffc5ff&pid=1-s2.0-S1939455124000929-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142162844","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mendelian randomization study of childhood asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in European and East Asian population","authors":"Guo Zhen Fan PhD ,&nbsp;Ke Yang Chen MD ,&nbsp;Xiao Meng Liu MD ,&nbsp;Zheng Hai Qu MD","doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2024.100960","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.waojou.2024.100960","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p>The present study aimed to explore the potential causal relationship between childhood asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in European and East Asian populations with Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Based on summary data from genome-wide association studies, single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with childhood asthma were used as instrumental variables. The MR analysis employed the inverse variance weighting, MR-Egger regression and weighted median method to estimate the causal effect between childhood asthma and COPD in European and East Asian populations. Cochran's Q test, MR-PRESSO method and MR-Egger intercept were used to detect heterogeneity, outliers and horizontal pleiotropy, respectively. Leave-one-out analysis applied to assess the effect of removing individual SNP on the estimate of causal association.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The MR analysis showed no genetic causal relationship between childhood asthma and COPD. The results of Cochran's Q test, MR-PRESSO and MR-Egger regression indicated the absence of heterogeneity, outliers and horizontal pleiotropy, respectively. Leave-one-out analysis showed no significant difference in the statistical results after exclusion of single SNPs.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>The MR analysis revealed that there is no causal relationship between childhood asthma and COPD at the genetic level in both European and East Asian populations. Additionally, due to the presence of shared confounding factors and pathogenic genes, further research is needed to comprehensively assess the relationship between childhood asthma and COPD.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54295,"journal":{"name":"World Allergy Organization Journal","volume":"17 9","pages":"Article 100960"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1939455124000917/pdfft?md5=4f26ab2363095adf92a057b8fc645a53&pid=1-s2.0-S1939455124000917-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142049595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-reported garlic allergy","authors":"Walaa Y. Hamadi MD,&nbsp;Thomas B. Casale MD","doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2024.100959","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.waojou.2024.100959","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54295,"journal":{"name":"World Allergy Organization Journal","volume":"17 9","pages":"Article 100959"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1939455124000905/pdfft?md5=5a6524bf4b50e4e4b59a1de5074c46e1&pid=1-s2.0-S1939455124000905-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142048520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Promoting patient-centred care in the management of allergic rhinitis in Asia-Pacific countries","authors":"Hiroshi Chantaphakul MD ,&nbsp;De Yun Wang MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Tran Thi Thuy Hang ThS, BS, CKII ,&nbsp;Khizuan Abdul Kadir MD, MS ,&nbsp;Hoang Thi Lam MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Cecilia Gretchen Navarro-Locsin MD, MS ,&nbsp;Sira Nanthapisal MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Danilo Poblete MD ,&nbsp;Pongsakorn Tantilipikorn MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Wong Hui Tong MBBS, MS, MCRS ,&nbsp;Dinesh Nagrale MD ,&nbsp;Michaela Lucas MD","doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2024.100952","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.waojou.2024.100952","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Allergic rhinitis (AR) has a high burden of disease in the Asia-Pacific region (APAC). Although guidelines provide recommendations regarding the diagnosis and treatment of AR, it is increasingly being recognised that there are gaps in their implementation. Patient-centred care involves accounting for the specific needs and desires of patients as well as including the patient in the decision-making process, and this may provide a means to reduce these gaps and consequently the burden of AR.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>A group of 11 experts in immunology and otorhinolaryngology from APAC provided information regarding their practices and experiences in the management of AR through an online survey. The group then discussed the barriers and solutions for the implementation of patient-centred care across the patient journey in a face-to-face meeting.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Key barriers to the implementation of patient-centred care for AR in APAC included a lack of patient awareness of the condition and treatment options, low adherence to treatments, financial constraints for patients, and time constraints for physicians. The solutions proposed include improving the knowledge of the patients about their conditions, the use of shared decision-making, the consideration of patient characteristics when choosing treatments, and the use of outcome measures to aid the optimisation of patient care. We provide specific recommendations for clinical practice.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>A greater focus on patient-centred approaches has the potential to improve the management of AR in APAC. More emphasis should be placed on each patient's specific health needs and desired outcomes.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54295,"journal":{"name":"World Allergy Organization Journal","volume":"17 9","pages":"Article 100952"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1939455124000838/pdfft?md5=566530057fd4c5dd310dc8ad936c8122&pid=1-s2.0-S1939455124000838-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142039906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}