World Allergy Organization Journal最新文献

{"title":"Evaluating vaccination dosing strategies for SARS-CoV-2 in patients at high-risk for allergic reactions: Insights from vaccination campaign","authors":"Stefania Nicola MD ,&nbsp;Iuliana Badiu MD ,&nbsp;Nicolò Rashidy MD ,&nbsp;Elena Saracco MD ,&nbsp;Erika Montabone MD ,&nbsp;Luca Lo Sardo MD ,&nbsp;Marzia Boem MD ,&nbsp;Valentina Marmora MD ,&nbsp;Federica Corradi MD ,&nbsp;Andrea Ricotti MSc, MPH ,&nbsp;Richard Borrelli MD ,&nbsp;Giovanni Rolla MD ,&nbsp;Simone Negrini MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Luisa Brussino MD","doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101095","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101095","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The COVID-19 pandemic significantly increased the demand for allergy consultations to evaluate the risk of hypersensitivity reactions in patients either before receiving their first dose of an anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (Group 1) or following suspected allergic reactions after vaccination (Group 2).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a retrospective analysis of patients referred to the Immunology and Allergy Unit of the Azienda Ospedaliera Ordine Mauriziano in Turin, Italy, between December 2020 and December 2022. Risk assessment was performed according to Italian and European guidelines, and allergy skin tests were administered when necessary. Patient data were cross-referenced with the SIRVA platform (Regional Vaccination Management Information System) to assess vaccine eligibility, administration, and outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 1222 patients were evaluated (mean age: 52 years; female-to-male ratio 4:1). In Group 1 (n = 914), 137 patients (15%) underwent skin testing, of whom 15 (1.6%) tested positive. Vaccination was recommended for 899 patients (98%), though 184 (20%) did not proceed. Among those vaccinated, 679 (74%) received additional doses, with 48% receiving a third and 11% a fourth dose. In Group 2 (n = 308), 104 patients (33%) underwent skin testing, with 9 (8%) testing positive. Vaccination without restrictions was recommended for 299 patients (97%), but 45 patients (15%) did not proceed. Among the remaining, 262 (85%) received a second dose, 183 (59%) a third, and 29 (9%) a fourth dose. Overall, 1198 patients (98%) had no specific contraindications to vaccination. Only 5 patients (0.4%) were completely exempted from vaccination due to confirmed sensitivity to both polyethylene glycol (PEG) and polysorbate 80 (PS80). An alternative vaccine was recommended for 19 patients; 16 of them proceeded with vaccination and tolerated it without adverse effects.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our findings demonstrate that the majority of high-risk allergic patients can safely receive anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccines following allergological evaluation. The rate of confirmed excipient allergy was very low, and vaccine adherence was comparable to the general population. This is, to our knowledge, the first study to longitudinally assess the number and types of vaccine doses administered to high-risk allergic individuals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54295,"journal":{"name":"World Allergy Organization Journal","volume":"18 8","pages":"Article 101095"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144722384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of immune-associated biomarkers in diagnosing allergic rhinitis","authors":"Qi Cheng PhD ,&nbsp;Jie Fei MS ,&nbsp;Yuanfen Liao MS ,&nbsp;Hang Lin MD ,&nbsp;Yubao Cui PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101084","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101084","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Allergic rhinitis (AR), as a prevailing disease worldwide, is a common chronic inflammatory disease of the upper airway; however, its prognosis did not meet expectations of the general public. Regarding the importance of treatment for AR, biomarkers with high sensitivity and precision are in urgent need.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>To detect the potential mechanisms associated with the AR pathology, the differentially expressed gene data from the clinical dataset GSE19187 and GSE46171 were used for weighted gene co-expression network analysis. Additionally, 5 machine-learning algorithms were integrated to screen for novel diagnostic biomarkers for AR.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>This analysis identified 133 genes enriched in the black and purple module pathways from weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). The 4 key diagnostic genes—CST1, CST2, SERPINB4, and TOX—were identified through machine learning algorithms and validated for their diagnostic potential with high area under the curve (AUC) values in external datasets. Immune infiltration analysis indicated a higher proportion of resting mast cells in AR samples compared to controls, with CST1, CST2, and SERPINB4 showing high expression in these cells. Real-time PCR validation confirmed that CST1, CST2, and SERPINB4 were upregulated in AR samples while TOX was downregulated.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our study identifies critical molecular markers and immune cell alterations associated with AR, providing insights into its pathogenesis and potential diagnostic biomarkers for clinical application. Future research should focus on validating these findings in larger cohorts to facilitate the development of targeted therapies for AR.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54295,"journal":{"name":"World Allergy Organization Journal","volume":"18 8","pages":"Article 101084"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144713769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of hereditary angioedema attacks on health-related quality of life and work productivity","authors":"Maeve O'Connor MD ,&nbsp;Paula J. Busse MD ,&nbsp;Timothy J. Craig DO ,&nbsp;Cristine Radojicic MD ,&nbsp;H. James Wedner MD ,&nbsp;Sherry Danese MBA, BS ,&nbsp;Julie Ulloa BS ,&nbsp;Vibha Desai PhD ,&nbsp;Tomas Andriotti PhD, MPH ,&nbsp;Paul K. Audhya MD, MBA ,&nbsp;Sandra Christiansen MD","doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101083","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101083","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Hereditary angioedema (HAE) negatively impacts health-related quality of life (HRQoL). Few studies have characterized impairments to HRQoL, work productivity, and well-being during and following HAE attacks.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Patients with ≥1 HAE attack in the previous 3 months were recruited by the United States (US) HAE Association (HAEA) to complete an online survey. Respondents were categorized into those who did (Treated Cohort) and did not (Untreated Cohort) manage their last attack with on-demand treatment (OD). Adapted versions of the EuroQol–Five Dimensions–Five Levels (EQ-5D-5L), EuroQol Visual Analogue Scale (EQ VAS), and Work Productivity and Activity Impairment–General Health assessments were used.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Attacks negatively impacted HRQoL and social and physical aspects of well-being in the Treated (N = 94) and Untreated (N = 20) Cohorts. In the Treated Cohort, mean EQ-5D-5L index score was 0.849 “Today” and 0.568 “During the last treated attack,” with the latter score indicating substantial impairment in HRQoL. Mean EQ-5D-5L index scores trended lower as time to OD increased, with mean scores of 0.667 for those treating &lt;1 h and 0.593-0.504 for those treating ≥1 to &lt;8 h from attack onset. The percentage of patients with mild attacks decreased as time to OD increased (from 50% for those treating &lt;1 h to 17–33% for those treating ≥1 h from attack onset), and mean EQ-5D-5L index scores decreased as attack severity increased (mild, 0.742; severe, 0.444). Generally, mean EQ VAS scores decreased as time to OD increased, from 60.1 in those treating &lt;1 h to 53.3 in those treating ≥8 h from attack onset. In the week following attack onset, average levels of absenteeism, presenteeism, and overall work impairment were 15%, 35%, and 39%, respectively. Despite attacks being of milder severity, declines in HRQoL (mean EQ-5D-5L and EQ VAS scores “During the last attack”: 0.661 and 73.0, respectively) and impairments in work productivity (mean level of absenteeism, presenteeism, and overall work impairment: 12%, 32%, and 36%, respectively) were also observed in the Untreated Cohort.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Late-treated and untreated attacks were associated with reduced HRQoL and work productivity, driven by attack severity. The negative impact of attacks may be reduced by increasing compliance with HAE guidelines (ie, consider OD for all attacks and treat as soon as possible), and by addressing barriers to OD in general and early treatment in particular.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54295,"journal":{"name":"World Allergy Organization Journal","volume":"18 8","pages":"Article 101083"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144714032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Protective effect of micheliolide against inflammation and oxidative stress in asthma through the MAPK/NF-κB signalling pathway","authors":"Jia Wang ,&nbsp;Dan Han ,&nbsp;Lina Han ,&nbsp;Qinzhen Zhang ,&nbsp;Shaozhuang Liu ,&nbsp;Jiapeng Hu ,&nbsp;Yunxiao Shang","doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101091","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101091","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Asthma involves oxidative stress imbalance and activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Micheliolide (MCL), a sesquiterpene lactone compound, has promising anti-inflammatory properties. However, its therapeutic potential in asthma remains unexplored.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>We aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of MCL in asthma by elucidating the molecular mechanisms.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>MCL was administered to both an ovalbumin-induced asthmatic mouse model and an interleukin-4/tumour necrosis factor alpha-activated BEAS-2B cell line to evaluate its effects comprehensively on airway inflammation, oxidative stress, and NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Network pharmacology analysis was utilised to evaluate the intricate interactions between asthma and MCL. Additionally, we analyzed the expression levels of critical factors involved in the MAPK/NF-κB signalling pathway.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The results demonstrated that MCL effectively mitigated airway hyperresponsiveness in asthma, suppressed inflammation, alleviated oxidative stress, and inhibited NLRP3 inflammasome activation. Furthermore, MCL exhibited notable inhibitory effects on MAPK/NF-κB signalling. Importantly, the inhibitory impact of MCL on asthmatic inflammatory responses was partially reversed by an NF-κB agonist, substantiating that MCL exerts its effects on asthma through the MAPK/NF-κB signalling pathway. These findings highlight MCL as a potent therapeutic candidate for asthma and shed light on the underlying molecular mechanisms driving its therapeutic efficacy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54295,"journal":{"name":"World Allergy Organization Journal","volume":"18 8","pages":"Article 101091"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144656654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical profile, prevalence, and burden of chronic spontaneous urticaria in the United States","authors":"Weily Soong MD ,&nbsp;Dhaval Patil MS ,&nbsp;Jonathan Rodrigues MD ,&nbsp;Ravneet K. Kohli M. Pharm ,&nbsp;Kathryn Krupsky PhD ,&nbsp;Shaloo Gupta MS ,&nbsp;Bridget L. Balkaran MPH ,&nbsp;Maria-Magdalena Balp MD","doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101081","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101081","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Data on the prevalence and burden of chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) are limited in the United States (US).</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To estimate the burden, clinical profile, and prevalence of diagnosed CSU in the United States.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data from respondents with physician-diagnosed CSU were collected from the 2019 National Health and Wellness Survey (NHWS). Outcomes assessed included diagnosed CSU prevalence, demographics, clinical profile, and burden using the 36-item Short Form Survey version 2 (SF-36v2; physical and mental component summary [PCS and MCS] scores), Short-Form 6 Dimension (SF-6D) and EuroQol-5 Dimension (EQ-5D) utility scores, Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), General Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7), Work Productivity and Activity Impairment (WPAI) questionnaire, and healthcare resource utilization over the past 6 months.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 74,994 respondents, 815 reported physician-diagnosed chronic urticaria, with 635 (77.9%) having CSU. The weighted prevalence (95% confidence interval) of diagnosed CSU was 0.78% (0.78%–0.78%). The mean (standard deviation [SD]) age at diagnosis was 37.0 (17.1) years, and 51.7% of respondents were female. Lower (worse) MCS and PCS scores were observed than in the overall NHWS population. The mean (SD) SF-6D and EQ-5D health utility scores were 0.54 (0.14) and 0.62 (0.34), respectively. The mean (SD) DLQI score was 13.8 (11.2), with more than 74.0% of respondents reporting anxiety (GAD-7 ≥5) and depression (PHQ-9 ≥5). Mean percent (SD) scores for absenteeism, presenteeism, overall work impairment, and activity impairment were 36.5% (26.1), 67.2% (34.9), 73.1% (34.2), and 62.6% (34.1), respectively. The percentage of patients visiting any healthcare provider, an emergency department, or requiring hospitalization was 96.5%, 60.2%, and 55.9%, respectively.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This real-world study reveals a higher prevalence of diagnosed CSU in the United States than previously reported, along with significant humanistic and economic burdens.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54295,"journal":{"name":"World Allergy Organization Journal","volume":"18 8","pages":"Article 101081"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144662646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk behaviours and non-atopic comorbidities of adolescents with asthma","authors":"Trine Mølbæk-Engbjerg MD ,&nbsp;Nilo Vahman MD, Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Mina Ali MSc, Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Frederikke Skov MD ,&nbsp;Rebecca Vinding MD, Ph.D. ,&nbsp;David Horner MD, Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Nicklas Brustad MD, Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Jonathan Thorsen MD, Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Ann-Marie M. Schoos MD, Ph.D., DMSc ,&nbsp;Jakob Stokholm MD, Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Klaus Bønnelykke MD, Ph.D. ,&nbsp;Bo Chawes MD, Ph.D., DMSc","doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101093","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101093","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Risk behaviours, obesity, and neuropsychiatric comorbidity have been demonstrated in various chronic diseases but are less well described among adolescents with asthma.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We clinically assessed asthma status at the 18-year follow-up visit of the Danish Copenhagen Prospective Studies on Asthma in Childhood (COPSAC₂₀₀₀) birth cohort born to mothers with asthma, and we investigated risk behaviours and non-atopic comorbidities. We included obesity and neuropsychiatric diseases captured from medical records and electronic questionnaires on behavioural traits and psychopathology. Associations between asthma status, risk behaviours, and non-atopic comorbidity were analysed using logistic regression models.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 370 individuals (90%) completed the 18-year visit, and 93 of these (25.1%) had current asthma. Comparing adolescents with and without asthma, binge drinking was reported in 75.2% vs 66.0%, current smoking in 26.9% vs 32.9%, and drug use in 16.1% vs 26.0%. High daily screen use was reported in 25.8% vs 16.6%; 26.9% vs 17.3% reported self-destructive behaviour; 24.7% vs 14.1% had neuropsychiatric comorbidity, and 10.8% vs 6.9% had obesity. In univariate analyses, asthma was associated with self-destructive behaviour, OR = 1.84 (1.03–3.21), p = 0.035, and neuropsychiatric comorbidity, OR = 2.01 (1.11–3.56), p = 0.019. In multivariable analysis with backward selection, asthma was associated with neuropsychiatric comorbidity, OR = 2.04 (1.004–4.12), p = 0.049, a trend of increased self-destructive behaviour, OR = 1.76 (0.93–3.29), p = 0.079, and less drug use, OR = 0.59 (0.29–0.96), p = 0.045.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Asthma was associated with neuropsychiatric comorbidity and self-destructive behaviour, but less drug use. There were no consistent associations with other risk behaviours or obesity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54295,"journal":{"name":"World Allergy Organization Journal","volume":"18 8","pages":"Article 101093"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144656653","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Identification of the primary sensitizing mite (dominant mite) in patients with allergic respiratory disease sensitized to Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Lepidoglyphus destructor","authors":"José Arias-Irigoyen MD ,&nbsp;Irene Arias-Talavera MD ,&nbsp;Manuel Lombardero PhD ,&nbsp;Agustín Galán BSc ,&nbsp;Rafael I. Monsalve PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101092","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101092","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To identify the dominant mite in patients with allergic respiratory disease (ARD) and double sensitization to <em>Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus</em> (Dpt) and <em>Lepidoglyphus destructor</em> (Ld).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Cross-sectional study including patients with Dpt and Ld sensitization (skin prick test [SPT] and specific IgE [sIgE]), with ARD. We measured sIgE to Dpt and Ld major allergens and performed CAP Inhibition experiments. The dominant mite was determined considering the Dpt/Ld ratio (≥5 Dpt and ≤0.2 Ld dominance) and CAP inhibition results (heterologous inhibition ≥50% indicates dominance).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We included 67 patients (62.7% men), with a mean (range) age of 35.8 (7–81) years. We found significant correlations between sIgE to Dpt whole extract (Dpt-sIgE) and sIgE to Der p 1, Der p 2, and Der p 23 (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.0001) and between Ld-sIgE and Lep d 2-sIgE (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.0001). No significant correlation was found between SPT wheal diameter and Dpt-sIgE and Ld-sIgE, nor between Ld-sIgE or Lep d 2-sIgE and Der p 23-sIgE. Patients were classified into group A (Dpt dominance), n = 31 (46.3%); group B (Ld dominance), n = 8 (11.9%); and group C (unclear dominance), n = 28 (41.8%). A Dpt/Ld ratio ≥3 diagnosed 90.3% of patients in group A, ≤0.2 diagnosed 87.5% of patients in group B, and a ratio between 0.4 and 3 diagnosed 78% of patients in group C.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>In patients with ARD sensitized to Dpt and Ld, the sIgE Dpt/Ld ratio and, in specific situations, the Der p 1+Der p 23/Ld ratio, allow identification of the dominant mite in a high percentage of cases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54295,"journal":{"name":"World Allergy Organization Journal","volume":"18 8","pages":"Article 101092"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144633018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Type 1 interferon signalling orchestrated by gut microbiota suppresses IgE-mediated anaphylaxis associated with vitamin D3 signalling","authors":"Bangtao Chen PhD ,&nbsp;Tingting Song MD ,&nbsp;Fei Hao PhD ,&nbsp;Zhi Yang PhD ,&nbsp;Jing Yang PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101089","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101089","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Objective&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;IgE/antigen (Ag)-mediated systemic anaphylaxis (SA) involves alterations in type 1 interferon (IFN1), vitamin D3(VD3) and the gut microbiota. However, their interactions remain largely unknown. This study aimed to investigate the interactions between IFN1 and VD3 signalling at steady-state and their relationships with the gut microbiota underlying SA.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Female adult C57BL/6 mice lacking IFN1 alpha receptor subunit 1 (&lt;em&gt;Ifnar1&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Ifnar1&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;−/−&lt;/sup&gt;), immune-related GTPase family M protein 1 (&lt;em&gt;Irgm1&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Irgm1&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;−/−&lt;/sup&gt;) or VD3 receptor (&lt;em&gt;Vdr&lt;/em&gt;, &lt;em&gt;Vdr&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;−/−&lt;/sup&gt;) were intravenously (IV) administered with IgE/Ag to induce passive SA (PSA) or intraperitoneally (IP) administered ovalbumin (OVA) on days 1, 15, and 29, followed by IV OVA on day 43 to induce active SA (ASA). IFNα (5000 U, 2 doses) and IFNα (3500 U, 12 doses) were IP administered in PSA and ASA models, respectively. Supplementation of VD3 (VD3-rich diet for 3 weeks) or bacteria (oral administration daily for 6 weeks) was performed. The effects of IFN1 and VD3 signalling on the activation of murine bone marrow-derived mast cells (mBMMCs) were tested &lt;em&gt;in vitro&lt;/em&gt;.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Compared to wild-type (&lt;em&gt;Wt&lt;/em&gt;) mice, both PSA and ASA were more severe in &lt;em&gt;Ifnar1&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;−/−&lt;/sup&gt; or &lt;em&gt;Vdr&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;−/−&lt;/sup&gt; mice (with greater severity in &lt;em&gt;Ifnar1&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;−/−&lt;/sup&gt; than in &lt;em&gt;Vdr&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;−/−&lt;/sup&gt; mice), but were significantly attenuated in &lt;em&gt;Irgm1&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;−/−&lt;/sup&gt; mice. The inhibitory effects of exogenous IFNα on PSA and OVA-IgE production were partially impaired in &lt;em&gt;Vdr&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;−/−&lt;/sup&gt; mice, while the inhibitory effects of exogenous VD3 remained intact in &lt;em&gt;Ifnar1&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;−/−&lt;/sup&gt; mice. At steady state, the serum VD3 levels decreased in &lt;em&gt;Ifnar1&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;−/−&lt;/sup&gt; and increased in &lt;em&gt;Irgm1&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;−/−&lt;/sup&gt; mice, whereas the serum IFN1 levels remained unchanged in &lt;em&gt;Vdr&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;−/−&lt;/sup&gt; mice. During IgE production, endogenous IFN1 and VD3 expressions, along with faecal &lt;em&gt;Alistipes&lt;/em&gt; and &lt;em&gt;Bacteroides&lt;/em&gt;, decreased. Oral supplementation with &lt;em&gt;Bacteroides&lt;/em&gt; significantly inhibited IgE production via the IFN1/VD3 axis, whereas &lt;em&gt;Alistipes&lt;/em&gt; moderately reduced IgE production by slightly upregulating VD3 expression independent of IFN1 modulation. Both spontaneous- and induced-degranulation were more prominent in &lt;em&gt;Vdr&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;−/−&lt;/sup&gt; than in &lt;em&gt;Ifnar1&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;−/−&lt;/sup&gt; mBMMCs. IgE/Ag stimulation led to a greater reduction in membrane IFNAR1 in &lt;em&gt;Vdr&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;−/−&lt;/sup&gt; than in &lt;em&gt;Wt&lt;/em&gt; mBMMCs. Inhibition of P38 and PKD2 kinase significantly and partially rescued membrane IFNAR1 expression in &lt;em&gt;Vdr&lt;/em&gt;&lt;sup&gt;−/−&lt;/sup&gt; mBMMCs, respectively. Exogenous VD3 could reverse the IFNAR1 reduction and thereby enhance IFNα-mediated anti-degranulation in &lt;em&gt;Wt&lt;/em&gt; mBMMCs, an effect that was lost in &lt;em&gt;","PeriodicalId":54295,"journal":{"name":"World Allergy Organization Journal","volume":"18 8","pages":"Article 101089"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144623601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risk of IgE-mediated food allergy and its impact on child growth: A machine learning approach","authors":"Ning Zhu MMed ,&nbsp;Tingting Chen MMed ,&nbsp;Lei Wang PhD ,&nbsp;Fangyuan Cai MMed ,&nbsp;Xiaoying Zhong ,&nbsp;Xiaoxiao Fang MMed ,&nbsp;Mingxin Chen MMed ,&nbsp;Junyi Lin MMed ,&nbsp;Huixi Tu ,&nbsp;Yimin Zhao ,&nbsp;Yihan Hu Bachelor ,&nbsp;Weixi Zhang PhD ,&nbsp;Jingjing Song PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101088","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101088","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Food allergy (FA) directly affects children's nutritional status, with a significantly higher risk of growth retardation among affected children. Identifying risk factors for FA and strategies to promote growth catch-up can offer valuable guidance for the treatment and nutritional management of children with FA.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>We developed machine learning models to predict the occurrence of immunoglobulin E-mediated food allergy (IgE-FA) and the likelihood of post-treatment growth catch-up, using demographic and biological baseline data.</div></div><div><h3>Patients</h3><div>We recruited 130 children aged 0–3 years with IgE-FA as the FA group and 65 healthy children as the control group.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Using machine-learning-based bioinformatics analysis, we developed predictive models and identified key factors influencing growth in IgE-FA children. The IgE-FA prediction model achieved an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.78 (95% CI: 0.708–0.848). Greater birthweight, a family history of allergies, and early-life antibiotic exposure were identified as risk factors for IgE-FA. Notably, early antibiotic exposure increased the risk of IgE-FA by 2.77 times and the risk of milk allergy by 2.56 times. Growth analysis, both overall and by subgroup, revealed that pre-treatment weight strongly correlates with post-treatment height, weight, and body mass index (BMI), offering new perspectives for predicting and monitoring outcomes in IgE-FA. Milk allergy mainly impacts weight catch-up, whereas egg allergy affects BMI. Controlled avoidance of allergenic foods supports growth recovery in affected children.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Growth in children with IgE-FA is often restricted, and achieving expected growth levels remains challenging even after treatment. Weight is a sensitive and accessible indicator for predicting IgE-FA and plays a key role in post-treatment growth catch-up. Early and personalized nutritional guidance, along with regular weight monitoring, is recommended for all children with food allergy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54295,"journal":{"name":"World Allergy Organization Journal","volume":"18 8","pages":"Article 101088"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144605244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial intelligence in allergy practice: Digital transformation and the future of clinical care","authors":"Sandra Nora González-Díaz MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Mário Morais-Almeida MD ,&nbsp;Ignacio J. Ansotegui MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Carlos Macouzet-Sánchez MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Yeyetsy G. Ordóñez-Azuara MD, PhD ,&nbsp;José Camarena-Galván MD ,&nbsp;Jesús Marcelo Alanís-Alvarez MD","doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101078","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101078","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bioethics involves the analysis of human behavior in the life and health sciences, grounded in moral values and ethical principles. Its integration into the education and training of healthcare professionals is essential for addressing complex medical dilemmas, while also fostering behaviors that strengthen the doctor-patient relationship. The rapid advancement of technology, particularly artificial intelligence (AI), is transforming medical specialties and reshaping patient care. In the field of allergy and immunology, AI offers promising applications such as enhanced patient education, symptom tracking, personalized treatment planning, and improved clinical decision-making. However, its implementation raises significant ethical concerns. There is a risk of diminishing clinical reasoning skills due to excessive reliance on AI, as well as challenges related to data privacy, informed consent, and algorithmic transparency. These issues pose new bioethical dilemmas regarding patient autonomy and the humanization of care. This review explores the integration of AI in allergy practice, emphasizing its ethical implications and its potential impact on the doctor-patient relationship. Balancing technological innovation with core bioethical principles—non-maleficence, beneficence, autonomy, and justice—is critical for advancing patient-centered care in a digital era.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54295,"journal":{"name":"World Allergy Organization Journal","volume":"18 8","pages":"Article 101078"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144572770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}