World Allergy Organization Journal最新文献

{"title":"Impact of 2018 Japan floods on allergic rhinitis prescriptions","authors":"Hanae Konishi MD ,&nbsp;Hiroshi Iwamoto MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Shuhei Yoshida MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Yasushi Horimasu MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Shinichiro Ohshimo MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Kota Takemoto MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Noboru Hattori MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Sachio Takeno MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Masatoshi Matsumoto MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101051","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101051","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Climate change and natural disasters can impact allergic conditions. The 2018 Japan floods, which occurred in July 2018, were among the largest water-related disasters in Japan's history. We aimed to investigate the impact of flooding on prescription rates for allergic rhinitis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This retrospective cohort study utilized data from the National Database of Health Insurance Claims from 1 year before and after the flood in the most severely affected region. Individuals with a victim code certified by local authorities were categorized into the victim group, whereas the others were classified into the non-victim group. A difference-in-differences analysis with a logistic regression model was employed to evaluate the impact of the disaster on prescription rates of corticosteroids or antihistamine nasal sprays. Cedar and cypress pollen (the major allergens causing seasonal rhinitis during spring in Japan) counts were measured using a rotary-type pollen collector.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among 6,176,299 individuals included, 36,076 were identified as flood victims. An upward trend in prescriptions was observed during the cedar and cypress pollen season from February to April, and the pattern of higher prescriptions among disaster victims relative to non-victims continued throughout both the pollen and non-pollen seasons after the disaster. The difference-in-differences analysis indicated a significant increase in nasal spray prescription in disaster victims compared with non-victims, with adjusted odds ratios of 1.40 (95% confidence interval: 1.24–1.58) 3 months after the disaster and 1.72 (95% confidence interval: 1.56–1.95) 1 year after. Subgroup analyses showed that the prescription rates of nasal spray significantly increased across all age groups and in both males and females among disaster victims compared to non-victims.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This study demonstrated a long-term increase in prescriptions for allergic rhinitis among flood victims, underscoring the need to recognize natural disasters as potential contributors to the incidence of allergic rhinitis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54295,"journal":{"name":"World Allergy Organization Journal","volume":"18 5","pages":"Article 101051"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143860256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Monitoring, distribution and clinical relevance of airborne pollen and fern spores in Southeast Asia – A systematic review","authors":"Ngoc Thi Pham MSc ,&nbsp;Asad Siddiquee MSc ,&nbsp;Maureen Sabit PhD ,&nbsp;Łukasz Grewling PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101053","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101053","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Southeast Asia is witnessing a rapid increase in the prevalence of allergic diseases, including asthma and allergic rhinitis. Pollen grains stand out as one of the primary triggers for allergy, and monitoring aeroallergens plays a pivotal role in allergy prevention. However, our understanding of the diversity and abundance of allergenic pollen in tropical regions, as well as their clinical significance, remains limited. This review aims to address this issue by identifying the most potentially allergenic plants in Southeast Asia, examining sensitization rates to their pollen allergens, describing the dynamics of pollen seasons, and discussing the current state of aerobiological monitoring in the region. The selection of plants was conducted through a systematic review process (following PRISMA guidelines), by screening the Scopus and PubMed databases, and focusing on studies that provided clinical and aerobiological data. As a result, 73 studies related to pollen allergy in Southeast Asia were identified and reviewed. The list of potentially allergenic plants posing the highest risk in Southeast Asia has been narrowed down to 10, including 5 woody species, 2 primarily weed families, grasses, palms, and ferns. The descriptions of these plants are supplemented with information on their ecology, pollen seasons dynamics, and clinical significance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54295,"journal":{"name":"World Allergy Organization Journal","volume":"18 5","pages":"Article 101053"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143864693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surveys on the prevalence of pediatric asthma in Japan: A comparison between the 1982, 1992, 2002, 2012, and 2022 surveys conducted in the same region using the same methodology (WJSAAC PhaseⅠ∼Ⅴ)","authors":"Sankei Nishima MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Junichiro Tezuka MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Hiroshi Odajima MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Hiroshi Matsuzaki MD ,&nbsp;Satoshi Honjo MD, PhD, MSc ,&nbsp;Kunitaka Ota MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Yuji Gohda MD ,&nbsp;Kazuyoshi Koga MD ,&nbsp;Keijiro Tsuda MD ,&nbsp;Yoshiaki Kanaya MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Shuich Yamamoto MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Shinji Aratake MD ,&nbsp;Tatsuo Koga MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Ayako Sakamoto MD ,&nbsp;Yasushi Shimada MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Kasumi Tashiro MD ,&nbsp;Kazunari Fukahori MD ,&nbsp;Shinpei Sunagawa MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Hiroki Yamamoto MD ,&nbsp;Hiroyuki Matsuzaki MD ,&nbsp;Zenji Miyazato MD","doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101052","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101052","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>To investigate the trends in the prevalence of pediatric asthma in the western part of Japan over 40 years, using data from surveys conducted every 10 years from 1982 to 2022.</div></div><div><h3>Design</h3><div>A series of school-based epidemiological surveys conducted every 10 years.</div></div><div><h3>Setting</h3><div>Elementary schools in 11 prefectures in the western part of Japan.</div></div><div><h3>Participants</h3><div>Children aged 6–12 years. Surveys included 55,388 children in 1982, 46,718 in 1992, 36,228 in 2002, 33,902 in 2012, and 30,024 in 2022.</div></div><div><h3>Main outcome measures</h3><div>Prevalence of asthma, wheeze, and other allergic diseases such as allergic rhinitis, atopic dermatitis, and food allergies.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The prevalence of asthma increased from 1982 to 2002 (boys: 3.8%–8.1%; girls: 2.5%–5.0%) and then decreased in 2012 and 2022 (boys: 6.0%–3.2%; girls: 3.5%–2.1%). The prevalence of wheeze followed a similar trend. Allergic rhinitis was the most common comorbidity, affecting 53–58% of children from 1992 onwards. Other comorbidities included atopic dermatitis, allergic conjunctivitis, and pollinosis. The prevalence of asthma was higher in urban areas than in rural areas in the early surveys, but this difference disappeared in later surveys.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The prevalence of pediatric asthma in western Japan increased until 2002 and then decreased in subsequent surveys. Changes in environmental factors and public health measures, including those related to the COVID-19 pandemic, may have influenced these trends. Further research is needed to understand the long-term effects of these factors on asthma prevalence.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54295,"journal":{"name":"World Allergy Organization Journal","volume":"18 5","pages":"Article 101052"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143860255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Total IgE levels in patients with hematologic malignancies","authors":"Parisa Amjadi Ph.D ,&nbsp;Fatemehsadat Hosseini M.D ,&nbsp;Ehsan Zaboli M.D ,&nbsp;Mohammad Eslami-Jouybari M.D ,&nbsp;Hossein Asgarian-Omran Ph.D ,&nbsp;Akbar Hedayatizadeh-Omran M.D, Ph.D ,&nbsp;Versa Omrani-Nava M.Sc ,&nbsp;Reza Alizadeh-Navaei M.D, Ph.D","doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101050","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101050","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Immune system compartments have a crucial role in the progression or suppression of cancer. Hematologic malignancies are among the most common cancers, and there is conflicting research regarding the role of their relationship with allergies and IgE levels. This study aimed to compare total IgE levels in patients with hematologic malignancies to those in non-cancer controls.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this cross-sectional study in 2023, sixty patients with hematological malignancies and 90 non-cancer patients attending Sari Imam Hospital were evaluated for total IgE levels along with demographic data. The convenience sampling method was used for the selection of both patients and controls. IgE levels were measured in both groups ELISA method. The analysis was performed using SPSS 20.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The most common types of malignancy were ALL (23.3%) and multiple myeloma (23.3%). The median IgE level in patients (7.08, IQR:2.07–19.07) was significantly lower than the control group (42.41, IQR:11.99–145.57). The odds ratio for hematological malignancy associated with low total IgE was 6.79 (CI 95%: 2.90–15.92). After adjusting for age and sex, the adjusted odds ratio increased to 15.89 (CI 95%: 4.14–60.95).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Patients with hematological cancers have significantly lower IgE levels compared with individuals with no cancer.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54295,"journal":{"name":"World Allergy Organization Journal","volume":"18 5","pages":"Article 101050"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143860257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Refining cytokine-based diagnostics in DRESS: A two-color IFN-γ/IL-4 ELISpot approach","authors":"Edouard Massip MD,&nbsp;Emeline Delaunay,&nbsp;Jacques Trauet,&nbsp;Arnaud Dendooven,&nbsp;Stéphane Esnault PhD,&nbsp;Delphine Staumont-Sallé MD, PhD,&nbsp;Guillaume Lefevre MD, PhD,&nbsp;Frédéric Dezoteux MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101049","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101049","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54295,"journal":{"name":"World Allergy Organization Journal","volume":"18 4","pages":"Article 101049"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143760092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential expression of eicosanoid pathways after whole blood stimulation in asthma patients","authors":"Chrysanthi Skevaki MD ,&nbsp;Pavel Tafo PhD ,&nbsp;Thomas Bahmer MD ,&nbsp;Mustafa Abdo PD, MD ,&nbsp;Henrik Watz MD ,&nbsp;Frauke Pedersen PhD ,&nbsp;Christian Herzmann PD, MD ,&nbsp;Klaus F. Rabe PhD, MD, FERS ,&nbsp;Harald Renz MD ,&nbsp;Wolfgang Andreas Nockher PD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101047","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101047","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>Asthma is a heterogeneous disease regarding its pathophysiology, clinical symptoms, and response to treatment. Eicosanoids are important inflammatory mediators, able to either promote or attenuate the underlying chronic airway inflammation. We compared eicosanoid expression patterns in the blood circulation and in stimulated blood leukocytes of asthma patients to identify differences in eicosanoid release which may be related to airway inflammation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Blood was collected from 198 adult asthmatic patients and 63 healthy controls, participating in the German Center for Lung Research (DZL) ALLIANCE cohort. Eicosanoid release from leukocytes was analyzed using heparinized whole blood after <em>in vitro</em> stimulation with zymosan. Additionally, circulating eicosanoids were measured directly from ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) plasma. Eicosanoids were extracted via solid phase extraction and quantified by high-performance-liquid-chromatography-tandem-mass-spectrometry (HPLC-MS²).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Eicosanoid levels were low in blood circulation with no significant differences between asthmatics and controls, except for leukotriene E₄ (LTE₄) which was slightly elevated in asthmatics. After <em>in vitro</em> stimulation we observed an inhibition of prostaglandin and thromboxane biosynthesis only in patients with severe asthma which was related to the regular use of systemic corticosteroids. In contrast, a significant increase was shown for formation of the 5-Lipoxygenase (5-LOX) product LTE₄ in steroid-naïve asthmatics with moderate as well as severe disease severity but not in subjects with systemic steroid treatment. Furthermore 15-Hydorxyeicosatetraenoic acid (15-HETE) production was elevated in asthmatic patients with mild-to-moderate disease activity but dropped down in severe asthmatics.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Profiling of eicosanoid production in stimulated whole blood samples showed a specific biosynthesis pattern of asthmatic patients, which is influenced by the use of systemic corticosteroids.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54295,"journal":{"name":"World Allergy Organization Journal","volume":"18 4","pages":"Article 101047"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143746647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of omalizumab in food allergic adults - A retrospective analysis","authors":"Aikaterina Alexiou MSc ,&nbsp;Sofia Carreras-Kàtcheff MD ,&nbsp;Karin Hartmann MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Regina Treudler MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Paolo Tassinari MSc ,&nbsp;Victoria Cardona MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Margitta Worm MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101048","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101048","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>IgE-mediated food allergy poses a significant public health concern, currently with no approved therapies for adults in Europe. Omalizumab (OMA) used as monotherapy or in conjunction with oral immunotherapy (OIT) has been suggested as an efficacious treatment for severe food allergy. The aim of this study was to analyze real-world data from food-allergic patients treated with OMA.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We included food-allergic patients treated with OMA between 2002 and 2022 throughout Europe. Treatment responders (TR) were identified based on the unresponsiveness to related food allergens (determined by food challenge), reduction in the severity of food allergy and absence of anaphylactic reactions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Sixty-two patients (female n = 39/62, 62.9%; mean age 30.6 years) were included into this analysis, most of whom were polysensitized to more than 2 food allergens (n = 40/62, 64.5%); 45/62 patients (72.6%) received OMA in conjunction with OIT, while the remaining patients underwent OMA monotherapy. The eliciting food allergens were tree nuts (n = 27/62, 43.5%), cow's milk (n = 26/62, 41.9%), and vegetables (n = 25/62, 40.3%). In most cases, OMA was initiated with 300 mg q4w (n = 51/62, 82.3%) dosing. Treatment was tolerated exceptionally well.</div><div>Fifty-two (52/62) patients (83.9%) were classified as treatment responders. Six (6/62) patients (9.7%) developed unresponsiveness, 6/62 (9.7%) had a reduction of the severity of food allergy, and 40/62 (64.5%) had no further anaphylactic reactions during treatment. One (1/62) patient (1.6%) undergoing monotherapy was a non-responder, exhibiting repeated anaphylactic reactions to accidental exposures, and 10/62 patients (16.1%) reported anaphylactic reactions during treatment. In most of these cases, cofactors (n = 5/10, 50%) were present.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our real-world evidence data indicate efficacy and tolerability of OMA for the treatment of IgE-mediated food allergy with and without OIT. As the onset of food related reactions upon treatment was frequently linked to the presence of cofactors, these should be identified and considered in patients with food allergy—not only for diagnosis, but also in treatment settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54295,"journal":{"name":"World Allergy Organization Journal","volume":"18 4","pages":"Article 101048"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143760091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Latin American guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of Stevens-Johnson syndrome and toxic epidermal necrolysis","authors":"Andrea Dionelly Murillo-Casas MD ,&nbsp;Ricardo Zwiener MD ,&nbsp;Pedro Giavina-Bianchi MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Verónica Pardo-Manrique MD ,&nbsp;Rosalaura Villarreal-González MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Olga Patricia Monge-Ortega MD ,&nbsp;Margarita María Velásquez-Lopera MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Diana Lucia Silva-Espinosa MD ,&nbsp;Silvana Marcela Castillo-Loaiza MD ,&nbsp;Liliana Eugenia Muñoz-García MD ,&nbsp;Maria Camila Garzón-Portilla MD ,&nbsp;Yury Juliana León-Hernández ,&nbsp;Carlos Daniel Serrano-Reyes MD","doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101046","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101046","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS) and toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN) are severe cutaneous reactions induced by delayed drug hypersensitivity, characterized by their complexity and multisystemic nature. Their diagnosis and management are challenging and require a multidisciplinary approach. Identifying the culprit drug is crucial to ensure that the patient has access to safe therapeutic options in the future. To date, there are no specific Latin American guideline or consensus documents on SJS/TEN.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To develop a Latin American guideline on the clinical diagnosis, management, and treatment of SJS/TEN, based on available scientific evidence and the experience of experts from various medical specialties.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This guideline was developed by a group of Latin American allergists and dermatologists involved in the management of SJS/TEN. A search of scientific publications was conducted, and the expert group evaluated the available evidence in the literature, providing grades of recommendation. In cases where there was insufficient evidence, consensus was reached among the experts.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The Latin American guidelines on SJS/TEN were developed, addressing relevant practical aspects of clinical diagnosis, and the identification of culprit drugs using the ALDEN (Algorithm of Drug Causality for Epidermal Necrolysis). It also offers recommendations on management, treatment, and prevention of complications, along with a specific algorithm for disease management. This guideline includes a therapeutic strategy, developed and agreed upon by expert specialists involved in the treatment of SJS/TEN.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54295,"journal":{"name":"World Allergy Organization Journal","volume":"18 4","pages":"Article 101046"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143704019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association between dietary zinc intake and asthma in overweight or obese children and adolescents: A cross-sectional analysis of NHANES","authors":"Yingli lin ,&nbsp;Dongshui Kang ,&nbsp;Qi Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101044","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101044","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54295,"journal":{"name":"World Allergy Organization Journal","volume":"18 4","pages":"Article 101044"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143705200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Apolipoprotein A-I mediates function of follicular regulatory T cells and type 2 follicular helper T in allergic rhinitis","authors":"Xiangqian Qiu MD ,&nbsp;Yinhui Zeng MD ,&nbsp;Jinyuan Li MD ,&nbsp;Qingxiang Zeng PhD,&nbsp;Xi Luo PhD,&nbsp;Wenlong Liu PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101045","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101045","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The follicular regulatory T cells (Tfr) and type 2 follicular helper T (Tfh2) play important roles in the pathogenesis of allergic rhinitis (AR). However, its detailed mechanism underlying the regulation of between Tfr and Tfh in AR is unclear. Apolipoprotein AI (Apo-AI), a well-established anti-inflammatory protein, exhibits anti-inflammatory effects on neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, eosinophils, and type 2 innate lymphoid cells. We sought to investigate the interaction and mechanism between Apo-AI and Tfr/Tfh2 in AR.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The peripheral Tfh2 and Tfr cells were detected and compared by flow cytometry and their correlation with serum Apo-AI protein expression were analyzed. The effect of Apo-AI on Tfh2 and Tfr cells were determined through detection of functional cytokines and key transcription factors by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELSIA) or polymerase chain reaction (PCR). A Tfr-Tfh2-B cell coculture system was adopted to investigate the role of Apo-AI. Apo-AI knockout AR mice model was established to verify the results of <em>in vitro</em> studies.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The serum Apo-AI concentration was positively correlated with the blood frequencies of Tfr cells and negatively correlated with the blood frequencies of Tfh2 cells in AR patients. Apo-AI inhibited IL-4 and IL-21 protein expression by Tfh2 and promoted IL-10 and TGF-beta protein expression by Tfr. In Tfr-Tfh2-B cell coculture system, Apo-AI attenuated the expression of IL-4, IL-21 and activation-induced cytidine deaminase through inducible costimulator (ICOS)/inducible costimulator ligand (ICOSL) pathways. Apo-AI partially restored the suppressive function of AR-derived Tfr cells. Apo-AI knockout AR mice presented with elevated blood Tfh2 frequencies and decreased blood Tfr frequencies, while administration of anti-ICOSL reversed the effect of Apo-AI.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Apo-AI alleviates AR through the regulation of the function of Tfh2 and Tfr, which may serve as a potential treatment target for AR.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54295,"journal":{"name":"World Allergy Organization Journal","volume":"18 4","pages":"Article 101045"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143679000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}