World Allergy Organization Journal最新文献

{"title":"Trend analysis and cross-national inequity analysis of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases in children and adolescents aged 10–24 from 1990 to 2021","authors":"Hailin Xu PhD ,&nbsp;Xiaofeng Liang MD ,&nbsp;Keai Li PhD ,&nbsp;Yangmeihui Wang MD ,&nbsp;Zhiwen Zhang PhD ,&nbsp;Ying Deng MD ,&nbsp;Bin Yang PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101033","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101033","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) are chronic inflammatory diseases caused by immune system dysregulation, affecting multiple systems and organs. Children and adolescents aged 10–24 are among the high-risk groups, and the global burden is substantial.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using the latest data from global burden of disease (GBD) 2021, we employed Joinpoint regression analysis, Socio-Demographic Index (SDI) correlation analysis, and cross-national equity analysis to elucidate the spatiotemporal differences in the burden of IMIDs among 10-24-year-olds from 1990 to 2021.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The burden of IMIDs in adolescents aged 10–24, ranked by severity, includes asthma, atopic dermatitis (AD), psoriasis, diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), and multiple sclerosis (MS). Among these, asthma, AD, psoriasis, RA, and MS are more prevalent in females. Compared to 1990, the incidence rates of asthma and AD decreased in 2021, while the rates of psoriasis, diabetes, and RA increased. IMIDs are more common in Western Europe and North America, with rising incidence rates in South America and Asia. Concentration indices and slope indices indicate that these diseases are primarily concentrated in high SDI regions, although the differences in incidence rates between countries are decreasing.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>While focusing on high-incidence regions, we must also pay attention to the incidence of IMIDs in emerging regions such as Asia and South America. Only in this way can we effectively reduce the heavy burden that IMIDs place on younger people globally.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54295,"journal":{"name":"World Allergy Organization Journal","volume":"18 3","pages":"Article 101033"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143600627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Causal association of allergic diseases, eosinophils, and osteoporosis: A Mendelian randomization study","authors":"Xinghai Yue PhD ,&nbsp;Hongfei Liu PhD ,&nbsp;Shangmei Yang MMed ,&nbsp;Tao Fang MMed ,&nbsp;Shaoshun Shi MD","doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101039","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101039","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The association between allergic diseases and osteoporosis remains controversial. We hypothesize that this discrepancy may be due to a mediator that plays a role in the pathogenesis of both allergic diseases and osteoporosis. To test this hypothesis, we used Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the relationships among allergic diseases, eosinophils, and osteoporosis.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>This study utilized data from publicly available GWAS databases, including 3 allergic diseases: asthma, allergic rhinitis, and eczema. We conducted bidirectional MR analyses on the relationships between allergic diseases and eosinophils (including eosinophil counts and percentage), allergic diseases and osteoporosis, and eosinophils and osteoporosis, respectively. We conducted sensitivity analyses for results with significance, validated the findings using multivariable Mendelian randomization (MVMR) analysis to ensure the reliability of the significant results.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Two-sample MR analysis revealed significant bidirectional causal relationships between the 3 allergic diseases and eosinophils. A unidirectional causal relationship was found between eosinophils and osteoporosis, with eosinophil counts associated with osteoporosis (OR: 1.194; 95% CI 1.064 to 1.339; Pivw &lt;0.001) and eosinophil percentage associated with osteoporosis (OR: 1.187; 95% CI 1.057 to 1.332; Pivw &lt;0.001). Sensitivity analyses indicated no pleiotropy, However, the association between eosinophil percentage and osteoporosis was no longer significant after multivariable (MVMR) analysis. Additionally, no causal effects were observed from allergic diseases to osteoporosis, from osteoporosis to allergic diseases, or from osteoporosis to eosinophils.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>1.) There is a significant bidirectional potential causal relationship between the 3 allergic diseases (asthma, allergic rhinitis, eczema) and eosinophils. 2.) There is no evidence to support a causal relationship between the 3 allergic diseases and osteoporosis, and vice versa. 3.) There is a unidirectional causal relationship may exist from eosinophil counts to osteoporosis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54295,"journal":{"name":"World Allergy Organization Journal","volume":"18 3","pages":"Article 101039"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143591676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cardiovascular and metabolic outcomes associated with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Suvijak Untaaveesup MD ,&nbsp;Thipsukon Amnartpanich MD ,&nbsp;Noraworn Jirattikanwong MD ,&nbsp;Anchaya Boonsom MD ,&nbsp;Treedanuch Treemethawee MD ,&nbsp;Pornteera Srichana MD ,&nbsp;Chettha Yimkijboriharn MD ,&nbsp;Phichayut Phinyo MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Wannada Laisuan MD ,&nbsp;Torpong Thongngarm MD","doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101035","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101035","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Chronic systemic inflammation in individuals with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD) potentially predisposes them to metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. Nevertheless, evidence with regard to such association is limited.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To assess the association between metabolic and cardiovascular outcomes and moderate-to-severe AD.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic search was performed through PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, and Cochrane for population-based studies that addressed the effects of moderate-to-severe AD on metabolic and cardiovascular outcomes compared with the general population from inception to August 31, 2023. Meta-analysis was performed using the random effects model. The pooled odds ratio (OR) and certainty of evidence for each outcome were reported.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We included 11 studies, 4 retrospective cohorts, 1 prospective cohort, 4 cross-sectional, and 2 case-control studies involving 405,170 moderate-to-severe AD patients compared to 4,591,478 unaffected controls. Moderate-to-severe AD was associated with a higher risk of myocardial infarction with an OR (95% CI) of 1.33 (1.07, 1.65), angina 1.33 (1.06, 1.66), heart failure 1.56 (1.28, 1.90), stroke 1.45 (1.21, 1.74), hypertension 1.38 (1.18, 1.63), dyslipidemia 1.27 (1.15, 1.41), and metabolic syndrome 1.24 (1.05, 1.42) with very low certainty of evidence. No significantly increased risk of cardiovascular death with an odds ratio (95% CI) of 1.81 (0.96, 3.44) and diabetes of 1.24 (0.91, 1.68) was observed. High heterogeneity was observed in most studies for all of the outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our meta-analysis demonstrated a modest but significant association between moderate-to-severe AD and increased susceptibility to metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. Initial assessment of cardiovascular and metabolic risk for patients with moderate-to-severe AD should be considered to enable early management strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54295,"journal":{"name":"World Allergy Organization Journal","volume":"18 3","pages":"Article 101035"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143512547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor-induced angioedema: Proposal for a diagnostic score","authors":"Alexis Bocquet MD ,&nbsp;Nicolas Marmion MD ,&nbsp;Isabelle Boccon-Gibod MD ,&nbsp;Laurence Bouillet MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101037","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101037","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI)-induced angioedema (AE-ACEI) may be life-threatening, and the treatment should therefore be discontinued. However, patients taking ACEI may also have mast cell-mediated angioedema (AE-MC). Differentiating between AE-ACEI and AE-MC in patients taking ACEI is sometimes difficult. We propose to identify the factors associated with the diagnosis of AE-ACEI in patients.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and methods</h3><div>A multicenter retrospective study was carried out at Grenoble Alpes University Hospital and University Hospital of La Réunion. All patients referred for suspected diagnosis of AE-ACEI were included in the study between January 2019 and January 2022. The final diagnosis was made by the expert physician after a minimum follow-up of 1 year and after a biological work-up ruling other bradykinin-mediated angioedema.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 93 patients were analyzed, 49 with a final diagnosis of AE-ACEI and 44 with a diagnosis of AE-MC. Multivariate analysis identified 4 factors associated with the final diagnosis of AE-ACEI: number of AE between the introduction of ACEI and the consultation ≤3 (OR: 7.93 [1.60–50.7], p = 0.017) (1 point), duration of AE strictly greater than 24 h regardless of the treatments administered (OR: 8.41[2.07–44.5], p &lt; 0.01) (1 point), hospitalization in intensive care unit (OR: 7.14[1.19–50.0], p = 0.045) (1 point) and no recurrence of AE after stopping ACEI, regardless of the delay (OR: 16.7[3.37–125], p &lt; 0.01) (2 points).</div><div>This five-point diagnostic score (AUC: 0.85 [0.75–0.95]) identifies patients with a low probability of AE-ACEI when the score is 0–2 (sensitivity: 0.93, specificity: 0.35) and a high probability when it is between 4 and 5 (sensitivity: 0.53, specificity: 0.97).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>After a consultation in an angioedema expert center, the diagnosis of AE-ACEI has been excluded in almost half the patients. We identified a five-point score that could help in the diagnosis of AE-ACEI and in the decision to contraindicate the use of ACE inhibitors for life.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54295,"journal":{"name":"World Allergy Organization Journal","volume":"18 3","pages":"Article 101037"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143600625","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A real-life evaluation of SNOT-22 domains in a cohort of CRSwNP patients treated with biologic therapies for 12 months","authors":"Giulia Anna Maria Luigia Costanzo MD ,&nbsp;Andrea Giovanni Ledda MD ,&nbsp;Giada Sambugaro MD ,&nbsp;Giuseppe Murdaca MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Cristiano Caruso MD, PhDs ,&nbsp;Silvia Canalis MD ,&nbsp;Paolo Serra MD ,&nbsp;Maria Pina Barca MD ,&nbsp;Stefano Del Giacco MD ,&nbsp;Davide Firinu","doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101041","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101041","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is an inflammatory disorder associated with rhinorrhea, nasal obstruction, nasal congestion, hyposmia, anosmia, and facial pain or pressure for over 12 weeks. This study examines the Sino-Nasal Outcome Test 22 (SNOT-22) score and its relationship to nasal, otologyc, sleep and emotional domains in CRSwNP patients during the first year of biologics treatment, comparing the pre-biologics score to that at 1, 6, and 12 months in a cohort of 59 patients with CRSwNP.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We included 59 patients with CRSwNP (with or without asthma) who received add on therapy with targeted monoclonal antibodies (mAbs). At each visit we administered the SNOT-22 questionnaire and both total score and single domains scores were recorded.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In this real-life, observational study, we found a significant SNOT-22 total score reduction for patients treated with anti-IgE after 1 month, but this significant difference was not maintained at 6 or 12 months compared with the baseline. The use of anti-interleukin 5/5R (IL5/5R) leads to a significant reduction of the SNOT-22 total score after 1 month, which is maintained after 6 months but not at 12 months compared with the baseline. The use of an anti-interleukin 13/4R (IL13/4R) leads to a statistically significant reduction of the SNOT-22 score after 1 month of therapy, which is maintained after 6 and 12 months compared with the baseline. When examining the single domains, we observed that patients who received anti-IL13/4R treatment demonstrated a significant reduction in each domain at each time point (T) compared to the baseline. Patients who received anti-IL5/5R treatment demonstrated an improvement in the nasal domain at each T compared to the baseline. However, the improvement in the otologyc domain was not sustained after 12 months. Similarly, the sleep domain remained unchanged, and the emotional domain only improved significantly after 12 months. Similarly, there was a reduction of the emotional domain in patients treated with anti-IgE.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Our real-life study describes the kinetics over the first year of treatment with mAbs in CRSwNP, showing different patterns in reducing symptoms and improving Health Related Quality of Life (HRQoL). SNOT-22 with the factorial division in 4 domains can help distinguish fast responders from low or non-responders to a mAb based on clinical response after 1 month and more accurately assign the right mAb to the right patient.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54295,"journal":{"name":"World Allergy Organization Journal","volume":"18 3","pages":"Article 101041"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143591675","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global burden of asthma attributable to high body mass index in older adults 1990–2021 and prediction to 2050: An analysis of Global Burden of Disease Study 2021","authors":"Zhikang Wang MPH ,&nbsp;Yifang Liu PhD ,&nbsp;Yilin Li MPH ,&nbsp;Qi Wang PhD ,&nbsp;Junan Liu PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101040","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101040","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Previous studies have shown that high body mass index was a primary risk factor for asthma, particularly impacting older adults. This study aimed to assess the spatial and temporal trends for asthma burden attributable to high body mass index in older adults from 1990 to 2021 and to project trends up to 2050.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>We extracted data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 for population aged over 60 years with asthma attributable to high BMI. Relevant indicators included number of deaths, disability-adjusted life years, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years rates and the rates were directly standardized. Spearman rank correlation test tested the burden against the Socio-demographic Index (SDI). Decomposition analysis was used to decompose changes in burden according to population structure, population growth, and epidemiologic changes. The Bayesian age-period-cohort model was used to predict the burden.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>From 1990 to 2021, despite downward trends in global mortality and disability-adjusted life-year rates, global asthma deaths, and disability-adjusted life years attributable to high body mass index increase by 69% and 46%, rising to 43,628 cases (95% CI: 18,366–71 088) and 1,223,969 years (95% CI: 526,972–1 945,426). Age-standardized mortality rates and disability-adjusted life years rates were more severe in regions with lower SDI, such as Oceania. Mortality rates and disability-adjusted life-year rates increased with age, with a higher burden observed in females compared to males. Population growth had a significant impact on the increase in deaths and disability-adjusted life years from 1990 to 2021, contributing approximately 158% and 222%, respectively. Asthma deaths and disability-adjusted life years attributable to high body mass index will continue to rise to 101,252 cases and 2,941,172 years up to 2050.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The global asthma burden due to high body mass index in older adults has risen significantly and is expected to continue this trend, highlighting the importance of developing public health strategies to address this issue.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54295,"journal":{"name":"World Allergy Organization Journal","volume":"18 3","pages":"Article 101040"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143600636","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sensitization profiles to olive pollen allergens and allergic respiratory disease severity in patients from Jaén, Spain: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Manuel Alcántara Villar MD/PhD ,&nbsp;Sara Anaya Anaya MD ,&nbsp;Alicia López Guerrero MD ,&nbsp;Alba Martínez Chamorro Gda ,&nbsp;Carmen Rosa Garrido Gda","doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101030","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101030","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To determine the molecular sensitization profile of patients allergic to olive pollen and evaluate its correlation with the type and severity of the allergic respiratory disease (ARD).</div></div><div><h3>Patients and methods</h3><div>Observational, cross-sectional study including patients aged 5–55 years with seasonal ARD (rhinitis and/or asthma) due to olive pollen sensitization from the Jaén University Hospital (Jaén, Spain), an area with prolonged high olive pollen exposure. Specific IgE (sIgE) levels to Ole e 1, Ole e 7, and Ole e 9 and clinical variables were considered. ARD severity was categorized according to the Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) guidelines (rhinitis) and the Guía Española para el Manejo del Asma (GEMAv4.2).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We included 1111 patients (mean [SD] age: 23.4 [12.7] years, 47.7% female) with asthma (87.8%) and rhinitis (96.9%). Ole e 1 sensitization was the most prevalent (79.6%), followed by Ole e 7 (62.0%) and Ole e 9 (50.8%); 60.3% of patients were sensitized to more than 1 olive pollen allergen and 19.2% had negative sIgE results. Ole e 1, Ole e 7, and Ole e 9 sensitizations were associated with asthma diagnosis and severity (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001 for all), Ole e 7 sensitization with rhinitis diagnosis (<em>p</em> = 0.006), and Ole e 1 and Ole e 9 with rhinitis severity (<em>p</em> = 0.007 and <em>p</em> = 0.006, respectively). The Ole e 1, Ole e 7, and Ole e 9 triple sensitization profile was associated with asthma diagnosis (<em>p</em> &lt; 0.001) and severity (<em>p</em> = 0.029), and with rhinitis severity (<em>p</em> = 0.009).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Sensitizations to the olive pollen allergens Ole e 7 and Ole e 9 are prevalent in areas with prolonged high pollen exposure and become major allergens together with Ole e 1. In these areas, a considerable proportion of patients allergic to olive pollen have negative sIgE results. Triple sensitization to Ole e 1, Ole e 7, and Ole e 9 is associated with ARD severity and asthma diagnosis. The sensitization profiles based on molecular diagnosis (MD) may affect decisions regarding allergen immunotherapy treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54295,"journal":{"name":"World Allergy Organization Journal","volume":"18 3","pages":"Article 101030"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143474134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"WAO - ARIA consensus on chronic cough: Executive summary","authors":"Philip W. Rouadi MD ,&nbsp;Samar A. Idriss MD ,&nbsp;Jean Bousquet MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Mario Morais-Almeida MD ,&nbsp;Cecilio R. Azar MD ,&nbsp;Mona Sulaiman Al-Ahmad MD ,&nbsp;Anahí Yáñez MD ,&nbsp;Maryam Ali Y Al-Nesf MD, MSc ,&nbsp;Talal M. Nsouli MD ,&nbsp;Sami L. Bahna MD, DrPH ,&nbsp;Eliane Abou-Jaoude MD ,&nbsp;Fares H. Zaitoun MD ,&nbsp;Usamah M. Hadi MD ,&nbsp;Glenis K. Scadding MD ,&nbsp;Peter K. Smith MBBS, PhD ,&nbsp;René Maximiliano Gómez MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Sandra N. González-Díaz MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Ludger Klimek MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Georges S. Juvelekian MD ,&nbsp;Moussa A. Riachy MD ,&nbsp;Ignacio J. Ansotegui MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101034","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101034","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Acute cough is a highly prevalent symptom in clinical practice. Chronic cough is a complex disease with significant impact on quality of life. The mechanistic pathways of chronic cough in cough-comorbid clinical phenotypes are elusive. Mounting evidence suggests presence of a hypersensitive cough reflex and implication of transient receptor potential channels and P2X receptors in cough neuronal pathways. Previously, the World Allergy Organization (WAO)/Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) Joint Committee on Chronic Cough published updated experimental and clinical data on chronic cough, in addition to a multidisciplinary care pathway approach to its management. The goal of this manuscript is to provide clinicians with a succinct summary of chronic cough pathophysiology, clinical phenotypes, and management strategies in both primary and cough specialty care. This executive summary is a primer for clinicians on chronic cough. Increasing awareness on the topic among primary care physicians will improve the outcome of management of patients with chronic cough.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54295,"journal":{"name":"World Allergy Organization Journal","volume":"18 3","pages":"Article 101034"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143474135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and clinical assessment of a novel probiotic candy in the prevention of respiratory infections in asthmatic children","authors":"Rana Tafrishi ,&nbsp;Hamid Ahanchian ,&nbsp;Seyed ali Jafari ,&nbsp;Abolfazl Pahlevanloo ,&nbsp;Hamidreza Kianifar ,&nbsp;Mohammadali Kiani ,&nbsp;Nasrin Moazzen ,&nbsp;Tahereh sadeghi ,&nbsp;Peter D. Sly","doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2024.101023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.waojou.2024.101023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>Asthma is the most common chronic disease among children. Upper respiratory infections are often the cause of asthma exacerbation. Studies suggested that spore-forming probiotics can reduce viral infections. This study aimed to determine the effect of spore-forming probiotic <em>Bacillus</em> candy on respiratory illnesses in asthmatic children.</div></div><div><h3>Methods &amp; materials</h3><div>In this randomized trial, 69 children aged 7–11 years with mild intermittent asthma were randomized to receive probiotic candy (containing 10¹⁰ CFU probiotic <em>Bacillus</em> coagulans) or placebo candy, daily for 2 months. The primary outcome was the number of viral respiratory infections. Secondary outcomes included salbutamol metered-dose inhaler (MDI) use, oral corticosteroids, school absenteeism, emergency department visits and hospitalizations, and Pediatric Asthma Control Questionnaire (c-ACT).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The frequency of symptomatic respiratory illnesses was significantly lower in the probiotic candy group compared to placebo in the first month (0.28 ± 0.45 vs. 0.51 ± 0.50, p = 0.054), the second month (0.08 ± 0.28 vs. 0.41 ± 0.49, p = 0.001) and the total study (0.37 ± 0.54 vs. 0.90 ± 0.73, 0.001). The percent of patients with prednisolone consumption in the probiotic group was lower than the control group (2.9% vs. 14.7%) but did not show a significant difference (p = 0.081) and no difference was seen in the rate of emergency department visits and hospitalization between the 2 groups (both p = 0.254). The use of salbutamol and school absenteeism in the probiotic group was significantly lower than in the control group (p = 0.040 and p = 0.046, respectively. There was no significant difference in the evaluated scores for asthma control (c-ACT) in both probiotic and placebo groups. After the intervention, the difference between the 2 groups has become significant (p &lt; 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Adding spore-forming probiotic candy containing <em>Bacillus</em> coagulans to standard asthma treatments reduced symptomatic respiratory illnesses over two months. Further studies including longer treatment periods are needed before making recommendations for routine use.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54295,"journal":{"name":"World Allergy Organization Journal","volume":"18 2","pages":"Article 101023"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143180786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The experiences of ferric carboxymaltose desensitization and provocation","authors":"Fatma Dindar Çelik MD ,&nbsp;Kurtuluş Aksu MD ,&nbsp;Özgür Akkale MD ,&nbsp;Hatice Çelik Tuğlu MD ,&nbsp;Melis Yağdıran MD ,&nbsp;Onur Telli MD ,&nbsp;Gürgün Tuğçe Vural Solak MD ,&nbsp;Enes Çelik MD","doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2024.101025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.waojou.2024.101025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>To present the characteristics of drug hypersensitivity reactions (DHR) among iron preparations and to describe the outcomes of rapid drug desensitization (RDD) and drug provocation tests (DPT) of ferric carboxymaltose (FCM).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The retrospective descriptive study comprised patients with hypersensitivy to iron supplements. Low-risk according to the index reaction with iron, 10 patients underwent a 4-step DPT with FCM; an 11-step RDD protocol was administered to 21 patients not classified as low-risk. RDD success was evaluated for each cycle separately, defining successful completion as the implementation of all steps in both RDD and DPT protocols without subsequent early and/or late reactions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the 21 patients (mean age: 41.73 ± 10.98 years, all female) hypersensitive to iron underwent FCM RDD, 20 patients (95.2%) successfully completed FCM treatment with RDD. RDD failed in only 1 patient (4.8%). The total number of desensitization cycles was 29, of which 28 (96.5%) were successful. Urticaria was the most common breakthrough hypersensitivity reaction and observed in 7 (33.3%) patients. Ten patients received FCM with DPT. The iron replacement therapy for these 10 patients was successfully completed. Urticaria developed in 2 patients after the completion of DPT.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>RDD is a dependable procedure facilitating the efficient delivery and completion of FCM treatments in patients with iron hypersensitivity. Additionally, FCM can be applied with DPT in low-risk patients.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54295,"journal":{"name":"World Allergy Organization Journal","volume":"18 2","pages":"Article 101025"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11787419/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143124011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}