World Allergy Organization Journal最新文献

{"title":"Repeated and alternate stimulations with dsRNA and SEB alter responses in macrophages and epithelial cells","authors":"Jun-Pyo Choi, PhD ,&nbsp;Yae-Eun Kim, BS ,&nbsp;Min-Kyung Kim, MS ,&nbsp;Mi-Hyun Kang, MS ,&nbsp;Yu-Kyoung Hwang, MD ,&nbsp;Jeong-Eun Yoon, MD ,&nbsp;Yoon-Seok Chang, MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Sae-Hoon Kim, MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101026","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The innate immune system is activated by foreign molecules via pattern recognition receptors and other surveillance systems, producing diverse cytokines that recruit and activate other immune cells. Recent studies have shown that once activated by foreign molecules, the innate immune system exhibits altered responses upon subsequent exposure to the same or different infectious agents, such as lipopolysaccharides (LPS) or bacteria. However, as these alterations in response to viral infection and staphylococcal enterotoxin B (SEB) in the airways have not been fully elucidated, we focused on the changes in immune responses induced by repeated stimulation of macrophages and epithelial cells with foreign molecules.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>THP-1-derived macrophages and BEAS-2B epithelial cells were stimulated with dsRNA (double-stranded RNA) or SEB and cultured in fresh complete medium for 4 days. Subsequently, the cells were re-stimulated with different doses of dsRNA or SEB, and the cytokine and signal phosphorylation levels were evaluated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Repeated stimulation with high dose of dsRNA or SEB, induced an increase in IL-10, CCL2, CCL22, CCL24, CXCL10, and CXCL11 in macrophages, while only repeated stimulation with dsRNA stimulation resulted in an increase in IL-6, CCL2, CCL5, CCL24, CXCL11, and TGF-β in epithelial cells. Cross-stimulation with SEB-dsRNA induced an increase in CCL5, CCL20, CCL22, CCL24, CXCL10, and CXCL11 levels in macrophages. However, in epithelial cells, SEB-dsRNA stimulation increased the levels of CCL5, CXCL11, and TGF-β, while dsRNA-SEB stimulation elevated CCL1, CCL20, CXCL10, and CXCL11. These cytokine changes were driven by distinct phosphorylation patterns in macrophages and epithelial cells, depending on the type and intensity of stimuli.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Repeated stimulation with the same or cross-over stimuli induced alterations in the immune response of macrophages and epithelial cells. These observations indicated that persistent airway stimulation can lead to changes in airway inflammation, potentially leading to asthma.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54295,"journal":{"name":"World Allergy Organization Journal","volume":"18 2","pages":"Article 101026"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143179815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Long-term effects of dupilumab on chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps: A step towards clinical remission","authors":"Mona Al-Ahmad MD, FRCPC ,&nbsp;Asmaa Ali MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Wafaa Talat MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Haitham A. Dawood MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Osama Imam MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2024.101024","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.waojou.2024.101024","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and objectives</h3><div>Clinical remission, defined as the absence of disease activity and symptoms, is an emerging goal in the management of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). This study aimed to evaluate the long-term effects of dupilumab on patients with CRSwNP, with or without asthma, and explore the potential for achieving clinical remission.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A two-year prospective study was conducted on 109 patients with CRSwNP, with or without asthma, who were eligible for dupilumab as an add-on therapy. Comprehensive assessments, including clinical, laboratory, and radiological evaluations, were performed before and after treatment. Clinical remission of CRSwNP was defined as 12 months of dupilumab treatment, no exacerbations requiring oral corticosteroids (OCS), no need for nasal sinus operation, no anosmia or hyposmia, a Sino-Nasal Outcome Test (SNOT-22) score under 20, and a Lund-Mackay score (LMS) below 10. For those with comorbid asthma, clinical remission was defined as an asthma control test (ACT) score of 19 or higher, no asthma exacerbations, and no need for OCS.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Dupilumab significantly improved CRSwNP outcomes in both groups, including SNOT-22 scores, nasal polyp size (LMS), and anosmia/hyposmia. Comorbid asthma was highly prevalent (79.8%), and patients with asthma had significantly larger nasal polyps, both before and after dupilumab therapy, despite similar symptom improvement. Higher fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) and blood eosinophil count (BEC) levels, along with anosmia/hyposmia, predicted larger polyp size. Dupilumab also significantly improved asthma outcomes, increasing forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and decreasing FeNO. Clinical remission was achieved in 11% of patients, with a slightly lower rate in those with asthma (7.3%).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Dupilumab treatment can achieve clinical remission in CRSwNP. However, comorbid asthma appears to reduce the likelihood of remission and is associated with larger nasal polyps, even with similar symptom improvement. Asthma may independently influence polyp development, potentially impacting long-term outcomes in CRSwNP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54295,"journal":{"name":"World Allergy Organization Journal","volume":"18 2","pages":"Article 101024"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11787525/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143124008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High protein diet increases the risk of allergic sensitization but not asthma in mice through modulation of the cytokine milieu toward Th2 bias","authors":"Waleed Al-Herz MD ,&nbsp;Fawaz Azizieh PhD ,&nbsp;Raj Raghupathy PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101031","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101031","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The role of different nutrients in allergic sensitization is not clear. In this study we aimed to determine the effect of high protein (HP) diet on allergic sensitization, cytokine profile, and asthma in mice.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Seven- to eight-week old female BALB/c mice were fed either normal (ND) or HP diet and were sensitized with ovalbumin intraperitoneally followed by intranasal challenge. Allergic sensitization was tested by measuring anti-ovalbumin (OVA) IgE, IgG1, and IgG2a antibodies. Cytokine levels were tested by multiplex ELISA in splenocyte supernatants after stimulation. Airway inflammation was tested by measuring total and differential cell counts in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and by measuring bronchial mucus production, goblet cell hyperplasia and perivascular and peribronchial inflammation severity scores by histologic examination.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Mice fed HP diet had a significant increase in weight and higher levels of OVA-specific IgE and IgG1 antibodies compared to the ND group (P-values 0.002, 0.007 and &lt;0.001, respectively). In addition, they showed a selective Th2 bias in cultured splenocyte supernatants compared to the ND group as demonstrated by higher IL-4 and IL-6 levels (P-values &lt;0.001 and 0.011, respectively) and higher ratios of Th2 to Th1 cytokines. However, the level of airway inflammation was comparable between both groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>HP diet increases the risk of allergic sensitization though increase in Th2 cytokines. Efforts should be made to define the upper limit of protein in the diet that does not predispose to allergic sensitization. The effect of diet on health should remain a focus of research for the establishment of optimal health and resilience.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54295,"journal":{"name":"World Allergy Organization Journal","volume":"18 2","pages":"Article 101031"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143283670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rapid food desensitization associated with omalizumab before oral immunotherapy","authors":"Bruna Giavina-Bianchi MD,&nbsp;Pedro Giavina-Bianchi MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101032","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101032","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this report, we propose an innovative approach to managing patients with food-induced anaphylaxis by performing rapid food desensitization alongside the use of omalizumab as an introductory step to oral immunotherapy. This combined strategy aims to enhance both the safety and effectiveness of the process, which seeks to induce immunological tolerance to food allergens, while reducing the risk of severe allergic reactions during treatment. The use of omalizumab helps prevent anaphylaxis and improves the patient's ability to tolerate the allergen. Rapid desensitization offers significant time and cost savings. As more scientific evidence supports rapid food desensitization, it could become a valuable tool for clinicians managing food-induced anaphylaxis, offering a promising avenue for the treatment of food allergies, especially in complex cases.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54295,"journal":{"name":"World Allergy Organization Journal","volume":"18 2","pages":"Article 101032"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143179816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Desensitization to colecalciferol in 18 patients with immediate hypersensitivity reactions","authors":"Özge Atik MD ,&nbsp;Fatma Merve Tepetam MD ,&nbsp;Şeyma Özden MD ,&nbsp;Ali Can MD ,&nbsp;Bengü Şaylan MD","doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101029","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101029","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Introduction&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Hypersensitivity reactions (HSRs) to colecalciferol (vitamin D) have been rarely reported and the mechanism is unknown. As an alternative treatment was not recommended for vitamin D deficiency, a desensitization protocol with colecalciferol can be performed. We found that there is no standard desensitization protocol for vitamin D. In this study, we aimed to investigate clinical features and skin test results of patients with HSRs to the vitamin D and effectiveness of the 6-step desensitization protocol in which we applied oral drops of colecalciferol.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Method&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;This retrospective cross-sectional study included 18 patients with a history of HSRs to oral vitamin D supplements and patients who were planned to receive oral vitamin D replacement. Before desensitization, some of the patients underwent skin tests (skin prick test and intradermal test) with colecalciferol, and the results were recorded. Skin tests were not performed in patients with a history of drug use (antihistamine, systemic steroid, omalizumab, etc.) that affected the results of skin tests. All patients were applied an one bag 6-step desensitization protocol with colecalciferol. Vitamin D3 solution was administered totally 30 drop (4000 IU)/day (1 drop:133.33 IU of 3333 IU/mL) dose of colecalciferol (Devit-3®, DEVA-Türkiye, 15 mL/50,000 IU, 1 mL = 25 drop) at 15-minutes intervals without premedication.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Results&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;The patient group consisted of 16 female subjects (89%); the mean age was 46 ± 12 years. When the patients were evaluated in terms of the risk of hypersensitivity reactions according to their clinical history, 5 patients had a history of anaphylaxis with vitamin D preparations (colecalciferol oral drop, n = 3; colecalciferol capsule, n = 2), and 13 patients had a history of HSRs other than anaphylaxis with isolated cutaneous reactions (pruritus, flushing, urticaria and angioedema) (n = 11, colecalciferol oral drop; n = 2, colecalciferol capsule). Skin prick test (SPT) and intradermal test (IDT) were performed on 9 patients. SPTs and IDTs were negative in all patients. Urticaria occur during desensitization in only one patient but vitamin D replacement was performed within the following 48–72 h after HSRs. All other patients tolerated 30 drop (4000 IU) and have continued to take same dose every day for the last 6 weeks with no adverse reactions.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Conclusion&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Desensitization with oral vitamin D preparations has a crucial role for patients who can not receive vitamin D supplements by other ways. Vitamin D drop forms, which are better absorbed than capsule forms which contains the lowest units per/mL without the need to dilute the preparation, not contain any additives with HSRs potential such as gelatin and peanut oil are good option. Our 6-step desensitization protocol with oral drop of colecalciferol is a reliable protocol in patients with a history of vitamin D HSR","PeriodicalId":54295,"journal":{"name":"World Allergy Organization Journal","volume":"18 2","pages":"Article 101029"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143179817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and safety of sublingual immunotherapy using a combination of Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Blomia tropicalis extracts in patients with allergic rhinitis: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial","authors":"Priscilla Rios Cordeiro Macedo MD, MSc ,&nbsp;Priscila Moraes MD ,&nbsp;Luísa Karla Arruda MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Fábio Fernandes Morato Castro MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Jorge Kalil MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Clóvis Eduardo Santos Galvão MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2024.101020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.waojou.2024.101020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Allergen immunotherapy is the only treatment that may modify the natural course of allergic diseases. Sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) is a promising treatment, especially for children. Few studies currently exist related to optimal dosing for <em>Blomia tropicalis</em>.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This was a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial of SLIT to treat house dust mite-induced Allergic Rhinitis (AR). A total of 65 patients, ages 12–16 years, were treated for 12 months and randomized into SLIT versus placebo. The SLIT group received a combination of <em>Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus</em> and <em>Blomia tropicalis</em> allergens. Sensitization was confirmed by skin prick test or serum specific IgE. Total Nasal Symptom Score (TNSS), Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire (RQLQ), current treatment, and need for medication to control symptoms were ascertained during the study. Total serum IgE, serum specific IgE, and IgG4 levels for <em>Der p</em> 1 and <em>Blo t</em> were assessed at baseline and, 6 and 12 months after treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There was no significant difference in the number of adverse events between groups. The SLIT group showed a significant reduction in antihistamine use to control symptoms (p &lt; 0.0001) compared to placebo. There was no significant change in serum total IgE, serum specific IgE, and IgG4 for either allergen when comparing the SLIT and placebo groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>After 1 year, SLIT using a dose of 1 mcg of Der p 1/day and 753 UBE of Blo t/day lowered the need for medications for break-through symptoms, with a good safety profile.\"</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54295,"journal":{"name":"World Allergy Organization Journal","volume":"18 2","pages":"Article 101020"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143179478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diphenhydramine: It is time to say a final goodbye","authors":"James H. Clark, MD ,&nbsp;Eli O. Meltzer, MD ,&nbsp;Robert M. Naclerio, MD","doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101027","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.waojou.2025.101027","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Diphenhydramine, once a pioneering antihistamine, is now overshadowed by second-generation antihistamines with similar efficacy and fewer adverse effects. Current data suggest that the adverse side-effect profile of diphenhydramine is higher among children and older adults. This has led to countries such as Germany and Sweden restricting access to first-generation antihistamines and societal guidelines advocating for the use of second-generation antihistamines. Despite its well-documented problematic therapeutic ratio, diphenhydramine remains available in over 300 formulations, most of which are over-the-counter.</div><div>Based on a comprehensive evaluation of practice patterns and the prevalence and incidence of adverse clinical events, we believe that diphenhydramine has reached the end of its life cycle, and in its class of therapies it is a relatively greater public health hazard. We recommend it should no longer be widely prescribed or continue to be readily available over the counter.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54295,"journal":{"name":"World Allergy Organization Journal","volume":"18 2","pages":"Article 101027"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143179818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research team diversity impacts scientific output in allergy and immunology programs","authors":"Takeya Adachi, MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Norika Narimatsu ,&nbsp;Yasushi Ogawa, MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Masako Toriya, PhD ,&nbsp;Tamami Fukushi, PhD ,&nbsp;Masashi Shirabe, PhD ,&nbsp;Masaki Futamura, MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Takenori Inomata, MD, PhD, MBA ,&nbsp;Keigo Kainuma, MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Keiko Kan-o, MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Yosuke Kurashima, PhD ,&nbsp;Katsunori Masaki, MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Saeko Nakajima, MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Masafumi Sakashita, MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Sakura Sato, MD ,&nbsp;Mayumi Tamari, MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Hideaki Morita, MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Amane Koizumi, MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2024.101004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.waojou.2024.101004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>This study examined the relationship between the disciplinary diversity of research teams and research output (RO) in allergy and immunology programs funded by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in the United States, Medical Research Council (MRC) in the United Kingdom, and Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using a dataset containing 1243, 3645, and 1468 articles funded by the NIH, MRC, and JSPS, respectively, we analyzed the correlation between disciplinary diversity and RO in allergy and immunology programs that received grants from 2017 to 2021. Diversity was measured using All Science Journal Classification codes counts, Shannon-Wiener index, and newly developed Omnidisciplinary index (o-index). The impact of diversity on RO was evaluated Normalized Paper Count (reflecting research quantity), Normalized Top 1% Paper Count (reflecting research excellence), and Normalized Top 10% Paper Count (reflecting research substantiality).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There were no significant differences in diversity between the funding agencies, indicating a marginal relationship between team composition and RO (p = 0.641 for Shannon-Winner index). RO was positively correlated with team diversity in NIH- and MRC-funded programs and positively correlated with the degree of specialization in JSPS-funded programs.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These results underscore the complexity of the relationship between research team diversity and RO and the influence of contextual factors such as country-specific characteristics and grant program objectives. Specifically, the analysis of JSPS-funded groups suggests that the degree of specialization has a greater impact on RO than disciplinary diversity. This study contributes to ongoing efforts to optimize team composition to improve RO in allergy and immunology programs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54295,"journal":{"name":"World Allergy Organization Journal","volume":"18 1","pages":"Article 101004"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11700296/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142933477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting the effectiveness of omalizumab in patients with refractory chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps comorbid with asthma based on inflammatory biomarkers","authors":"Yutong Sima MD ,&nbsp;Ming Zheng MD ,&nbsp;Yan Zhao PhD ,&nbsp;Siqi Ge PhD ,&nbsp;Chengyao Liu MD ,&nbsp;Ping Wang BS ,&nbsp;Xiangdong Wang MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Luo Zhang MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2024.101009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.waojou.2024.101009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The treatment of refractory chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) with omalizumab has been well studied based on clinical evaluation. Nevertheless, ideal quantitative or qualitative biomarkers for predicting a different response to biologics urgently need to be explored. We aim to identify potential biomarkers for predicting a good or poor response in patients with refractory CRSwNP.</div></div><div><h3>Methodology</h3><div>Patients received an endoscopic and radiological evaluation, a visual analogue scale (VAS) assessment, and a 22-item sinonasal outcome test (SNOT-22). Forty-eight biomarkers involving type 1 (T1), type 2 (T2), and type 3 (T3) inflammatory factors, chemokines, and remodeling factors were detected in nasal secretion and serum samples at baseline and after 24 weeks of omalizumab treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Eighteen patients with CRSwNP and 16 patients as control were enrolled. Patients with CRSwNP who received oamlizumab treatment with the SNOT-22 and VAS scores improved by 8.9 and 2 points in 72.22% and 50%, respectively. The nasal polyp score (NPS) and Lund-Mackay score were significantly improved in 55.56% of patients. The concentrations of T2 inflammatory biomarker, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), T3 inflammatory biomarkers, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF), chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand (CXCL)-1, and chemokine (C–C motif) ligand-20 (CCL-20), T1 inflammatory biomarker, IP-10 (CXCL-10), and granzyme B in nasal secretion and serum periostin were significantly decreased. Serum CCL-3 (AUC = 0.836) and CCL-4 (AUC = 0.909) levels predicted the improvement of SNOT-22 score, respectively. Serum IL-8 (AUC = 0.883) predicted poor improvement in nasal congestion score. Nasal secretion CXCL-1 (AUC = 0.812), GM-CSF (AUC = 0.813), IgE (AUC = 0.900) and IP-10 (AUC = 0.800) effectively predicted none or less improvement in nasal polyp score.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Omalizumab remarkably affects inflammatory mediators in different pathways. CCL-3 and CCL-4 in serum and IgE, CXCL-1, GM-CSF, and IP-10 in nasal secretion may be considered as preferable biomarkers for predicting favorable or ineffective response to omalizumab therapy in patients with refractory CRSwNP comorbid with asthma, based on various clinical indicators.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54295,"journal":{"name":"World Allergy Organization Journal","volume":"18 1","pages":"Article 101009"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11700293/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142933555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 related epigenetic changes and atopic dermatitis: An exploratory analysis","authors":"Zhenwei Tang MD ,&nbsp;Yu Chen MBBS ,&nbsp;Yuzhen Ouyang MBBS ,&nbsp;Yu Peng MD, PhD ,&nbsp;Xiaoyong Man MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.waojou.2024.101022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.waojou.2024.101022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>While epidemiological data suggest a connection between atopic dermatitis (AD) and COVID-19, the molecular mechanisms underlying this relationship remain unclear.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate whether COVID-19-related CpGs may contribute to AD development and whether this association is mediated through the regulation of specific genes’ expression.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We combined Mendelian randomization and transcriptome analysis for data-driven explorations.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Among the 172 CpGs -associated with COVID-19 infection, merely 3 of them exhibited significant impacts on the risk of AD, including cg04543273, cg11916609, and cg10636246. In the following analysis of the causal effects of CpGs and their related gene expression, cg04543273 inhibited LMAN2 expression. However, there was not a significant impact of cg11916609 and cg10636246 on the expression of their corresponding genes. Besides, transcriptome analysis suggested that LMAN2 expression was significantly upregulated among the COVID-19-infected population, and LMAN2 expression was obviously correlated with Type 2 helper cells across different post-infection time points.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Overall, this study provides new insights of the COVID-19-related onset and exacerbation of AD-COVID-19-related epigenetic changes and their regulatory impact on transcription. A novel role of LMAN2 was proposed in the relationship between viral infection and AD. More studies are warranted to further explore the mechanism of LMAN2-related immunopathology.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54295,"journal":{"name":"World Allergy Organization Journal","volume":"18 1","pages":"Article 101022"},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11758953/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143048570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}