Movement Ecology最新文献

{"title":"Assessing consequences of anthropogenic hybridization: Great Lakes mallard movement and resource selection.","authors":"Benjamin Z Luukkonen, Scott R Winterstein, Daniel B Hayes, Drew N Fowler, Gregory J Soulliere, John M Coluccy, Brendan Shirkey, John Simpson, Amy A Shipley, Jason M Winiarski, Benjamin J O'Neal, Joshua M Osborn, Barbara A Avers, Vergie M Musni, Philip Lavretsky","doi":"10.1186/s40462-026-00657-7","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40462-026-00657-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The release of domesticated animals is resulting in anthropogenic hybridization with their wild congeners and there is concern that these interactions are a risk to conservation. In North America, large-scale releases of domesticated mallards have continued for over a century, yet the potential ecological consequences are not well understood. Towards this, we assessed whether hybridization between game-farm and wild mallards was associated with variation in movement and resource selection behavior, which in turn can affect survival and reproduction.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We coupled genomic, telemetry, and remotely sensed spatial data for 592 female mallards sampled from 2021 to 2023 in the Great Lakes region of North America and tested for association between an individual's level of domestic ancestry, their local and migratory movement, and resource selection during the non-breeding period. We used linear mixed models and general linear models to examine factors affecting daily movement distance and autumn migration probability, respectively. We implemented a step-selection function and conditional logistic regression to estimate relative selection strength of land cover types relevant to mallard resource use.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We recovered 44% of GPS-marked birds as genetically wild, with the remaining 56% being feral game-farm or wild × game-farm mallard hybrids. Increased domestic ancestry was associated with shorter daily movement distances, decreased likelihood of migration, and higher selection for urban developed land cover.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Lower mobility and selection of urban areas by individuals with greater domestic ancestry warrant further investigation as factors potentially affecting survival and reproduction.</p>","PeriodicalId":54288,"journal":{"name":"Movement Ecology","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13670739/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149197253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Human food sources shape routine movements across elevational gradients in an alpine bird.","authors":"Kristina B Beck, Matthias-Claudio Loretto, Thomas Müller","doi":"10.1186/s40462-026-00694-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40462-026-00694-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Human activities are reshaping animal movement patterns worldwide, with human food sources emerging as a significant driver. While such subsidies are known to reduce space use and alter migration behaviour, their role in shaping routine movement patterns-such as sequential visits to specific sites-remains poorly understood.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Here, we investigated the impact of human food sources on the movement patterns of Alpine choughs (Pyrrhocorax graculus), a high-elevation corvid that readily exploits human food. In winter, these birds engage in altitudinal movements, descending from alpine areas to lower elevations in search of food. Thereby, they encounter diverse human food sources ranging from mountain restaurants at high altitudes to urban garbage dumps and bird feeders in the valleys. We analysed the movements of 40 GPS-tagged individuals and combined tracking data with behavioural observations to (1) quantify the occurrence and spatiotemporal patterns of altitudinal movements (2), assess the extent to which human food sources shape space use, and (3) identify potential recursive movement patterns.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Alpine choughs performed daily altitudinal movements during winter, spanning up to 3000 m in elevation per round trip. Birds typically descended in the early morning and returned upslope around midday. Their movements consistently overlapped with human-modified environments providing human food sources, including towns, villages, and mountain restaurants. Notably, individuals repeatedly visited four main foraging locations associated with human food, showing strong route fidelity by returning to the same food-provisioning sites in a consistent sequence and at predictable times of day.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings highlight how human food sources can shape population-level movement patterns and foraging routines, with potential ecological consequences for species increasingly reliant on human-modified habitats. Such dependence may limit behavioural flexibility and create ecological traps, where individuals repeatedly exploit risky or suboptimal resources. By moving daily between alpine and urban areas, Alpine choughs may also transport seeds, nutrients, and pathogens across ecosystems, generating cascading effects in both mountain and lowland habitats.</p>","PeriodicalId":54288,"journal":{"name":"Movement Ecology","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13520249/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148842120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multi-scale analysis of spatial drivers in wild boar space use at a biweekly scale across landscape patterns and step selection.","authors":"Hyeyoung Kim, Stefan Widgren, Robert Johansson, Petter Kjellander, Johan Månsson, Jonas Malmsten, Henrik Thurfjell, Thomas Rosendal","doi":"10.1186/s40462-026-00696-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40462-026-00696-0","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Wild boar (Sus scrofa) populations have rapidly expanded across Europe, leading to increased agricultural damage and elevated risks of infectious disease transmission. Understanding how environmental conditions, population density and human activities shape movement across spatial scales is essential for effective management and disease control, particularly because the temporal windows when animals are infectious but asymptomatic align closely with the short-term movement dynamics relevant to transmission processes.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;We analysed GPS tracking data from 99 adult wild boar (16 males, 83 females) in Sweden (2004-2021) to quantify movement at two complementary scales. Biweekly (14-day) space use was estimated using autocorrelated kernel density estimation (AKDE; 95% utilisation distributions) and modelled using a spatial Durbin model to account for both local and neighbouring landscape effects. To identify the behavioural mechanisms underlying these patterns, we applied integrated Step Selection Analysis (iSSA), comparing observed and available movement steps within a conditional logistic regression framework. Key predictors included land cover composition, wild boar density, hunting dog-allowed season, and sex.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Biweekly space use decreased with increasing wild boar density and with higher proportions of forest and open land, indicating spatial contraction in resource-rich or high-density environments. Arable land had no clear local effect but reduced space use through neighbouring areas, highlighting the importance of landscape context. The Durbin model revealed significant spatial dependence, demonstrating that neighbouring conditions contribute to shaping local space use. At the movement scale, iSSA showed that higher density and hunting conditions were associated with reduced step lengths and altered movement behaviour, while individuals consistently selected forest cover over more open habitats. Males exhibited higher movement rates and larger space use than females. Importantly, the reduction in space use observed at the biweekly scale was consistent with density- and disturbance-driven changes in movement behaviour, indicating that spatial contraction emerges from local movement decisions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;By integrating the Durbin model and iSSA, this study links fine-scale movement behaviour to broader patterns of space use. Wild boar adjust their movement and space use in response to density, habitat conditions, and anthropogenic disturbance, with neighbouring landscape conditions contributing to these dynamics. The use of a biweekly temporal scale captures immediate behavioural adjustments within established ranges, providing a relevant framework for understanding temporal shifts in space use and optimising localised wildlife control. This multi-scale approach improves inference on wildlife movement processes and supports spati","PeriodicalId":54288,"journal":{"name":"Movement Ecology","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13520163/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148842101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: Avian spring migration at the east Adriatic coast: coastal and sea‑crossing dynamics of intensity, timing, and flight directions.","authors":"Simon Hirschhofer, Peter Ranacher, Barbara Helm, Davor Ćiković, Robert Weibel, Sanja Barišić, Vesna Tutiš, Louie Taylor, Maja Bjelić Laušić, Baptiste Schmid","doi":"10.1186/s40462-026-00661-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40462-026-00661-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54288,"journal":{"name":"Movement Ecology","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13487990/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148801643","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Duration-aware unsupervised segmentation reveals collective movement modes in homing flights of pigeon flocks.","authors":"Yinggang Huang, Mengmeng Li, Zhigang Shang, Lifang Yang","doi":"10.1186/s40462-026-00689-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40462-026-00689-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Homing flights of pigeon flocks require rapid adjustments in individual behaviour while maintaining group cohesion. However, how heading adjustments and coordinated movement changes are temporally organised during continuous flight, and whether they form repeatable collective movement modes, remain poorly characterised.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>During homing flights of domestic pigeon (Columba livia) flocks, we synchronously recorded individual GPS trajectories and inertial measurement data. After standardised preprocessing, candidate flock-level kinematic features were constructed to characterise flock movement changes across six aspects: flock-level turning intensity, acceleration intensity, turning consistency, acceleration consistency, turning directionality and acceleration directionality. After comparing candidate input schemes, four flock-level kinematic indicators were selected as model inputs. A hidden semi-Markov model with an explicit duration structure was then used to perform unsupervised segmentation of continuous homing flights.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We identified five collective movement modes that were comparable across flight trials. In addition to steady cruising, coordinated counterclockwise turning and coordinated clockwise turning, two modes were identified that were difficult to distinguish from flock trajectory geometry alone. The first was rapid collective reorientation, which showed the highest flock-level turning intensity, acceleration intensity and turning consistency, but whose turning directionality was not fixed to a single clockwise or counterclockwise direction. The second was a transition mode that connected different movement modes during mode switching. All five modes recurred during homing flights, with overall occupancies of 10.5%-26.7%, median durations of 0.60-1.03 s, and approximately 90% of mode segments ending within 2 s. Transitions among modes were concentrated in a small number of source-mode-specific high-probability pathways, indicating a non-uniform transition structure during homing flights.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Homing flights of pigeon flocks contain a recurrent set of second-scale collective movement modes rather than a simple \"straight flight-turning\" dichotomy. An unsupervised segmentation framework based on flock-level kinematic indicators and explicit duration modelling can identify these short-timescale modes at the level of flock kinematics and characterise their transition structure, providing a comparable temporal reference for future analyses of spatial organisation, information transfer and leader-follower relationships across different modes.</p>","PeriodicalId":54288,"journal":{"name":"Movement Ecology","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13595629/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149026974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enabling high-resolution wildlife tracking: antenna beam-based approach including novel per-position error estimations for automated radiotelemetry systems.","authors":"Mirjam R Rieger, Jan Schmitt, Paula Machin, Johann Musculus, Ralf Dittrich, Thomas K Gottschalk, Jannis Gottwald, Patrick Lampe, Jonas Höchst","doi":"10.1186/s40462-026-00687-1","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40462-026-00687-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The increasing importance of wildlife movement data in ecology and conservation has fueled the development of Automated Radiotelemetry Systems (ARTS) using very-high-frequency (VHF) transmitters. To make optimal use of this data, highly precise analysis methods are needed to detect even small-scale movement changes and thus provide high data quality. While various approaches have successfully minimized position errors in ARTS, they mostly rely on a single mean error estimate.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We present two contributions. First, an antenna geometry-based position finding method (antenna beams) for small scale movements that reduces position errors (PE) and increases the number of position estimates. Second, a model for per-position error estimation, predicting error as a function of signal and position characteristics, applicable for data without ground-truth information and across various position finding methods. Using ground-truth data from VHF transmitters recorded simultaneously with the ARTS trackIT and GPS, we validated and compared yield, position errors and predictive performance of our approach with the common angulation and multilateration methods.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our antenna beam-based method provided a substantial alternative to angulation for directional set-ups, achieving comparable mean PEs (41 m vs. 44 m) and especially higher number of localizations (up to 99% vs. 30 to 66%). The per-position error estimation model demonstrated a strong predictive performance (mean absolute deviation from true error down to 21 m) utilizing parameters such as the number of participating stations and antennas, maximum signal strength, normalized summed up signal strengths and positioning within the study area.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results indicate that (i) the antenna beam-based position-finding method outperforms common methods in both accuracy and yield, (ii) the novel introduced per-position error estimation model reliably reflects measured PE from ground-truth data, and (iii) the resulting setup provides a robust foundation for high-resolution wildlife movement analyses.</p>","PeriodicalId":54288,"journal":{"name":"Movement Ecology","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13445756/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148686248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Urbanization and migratory status shape nonbreeding space use behaviors in a North American songbird.","authors":"Emily J Williams, Alex E Jahn, Hilary A R Mann, Nathan B Alexander, Bryant C Dossman, Calandra Q Stanley, Callie F Gesmundo, Zachary M Pohlen, James A Johnson, Peter P Marra","doi":"10.1186/s40462-026-00684-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40462-026-00684-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Understanding how and why animals use space is core to virtually all aspects of ecology, from influencing individual fitness, to predicting impacts of global change. Yet, most of what we know comes from studies focused on the breeding season, which represents just a fraction of the full annual cycle. Further, most of these studies have been conducted on species considered obligate migrants or residents, which limits our ability to understand the full scope of how species, including facultative migrants or species with high variability in migratory behavior, use space in response to changes in their environment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used high-resolution satellite transmitters from 2020 to 2024 to track adult individuals from multiple populations of American Robins (Turdus migratorius) to quantify patterns of space use behavior and movement during the nonbreeding period. We analyzed endogenous (sex, body size, breeding origin, and migratory status - whether a bird was a migrant or not) along with exogenous factors (local weather, land use) to test competing hypotheses on how life history and the environment shape nonbreeding space use.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Across 85 individuals, we found that robins displayed large variation in nonbreeding space use behaviors, ranging from strong site fidelity to complete nomadism, and nearly half (~44%) switched behavioral strategies within-season. Migratory status, in combination with the degree of urbanization on the nonbreeding grounds, were the strongest predictors of nonbreeding movement compared with climatic conditions or other endogenous differences such as body size or sex.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our results reveal strong variation in nonbreeding space use among and within individuals of a single species. The variation we documented in American Robins likely typifies the flexibility inherent within species considered facultative migrants who also encompass large ranges-a feature which may be adaptive for keeping pace with highly heterogenous environments across a large geographic distribution. Studying the full annual cycle space use needs of species that exhibit inter- and intra-population variation in migratory behavior may be key to determining which species, populations, or individuals may win or lose out as environments increasingly become more unpredictable in the face of ongoing global change.</p>","PeriodicalId":54288,"journal":{"name":"Movement Ecology","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13663292/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149186192","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Oilbirds performing non-seasonal intra-tropical migrations reduce flight effort compared to individuals that frequently return to the colony roost.","authors":"Gustavo Alarcón-Nieto, Adriana A Maldonado-Chaparro, Carlos Bosque, Franz Kümmeth, Kamran Safi, Martin Wikelski","doi":"10.1186/s40462-026-00686-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40462-026-00686-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Individual behavioural variation is a driver of population dynamics and key for the adaptation and persistence of species. In colonial species, individuals share the same ecological niche and aggregate in space, but they might use different foraging strategies and incur differential costs. Using location and accelerometer data from 21 adult oilbirds (Steatornis caripensis), which are colonial frugivores, we characterized nocturnal movement patterns and measured total nightly flight time, as a proxy of movement effort, for different movement strategies during their non-breeding period. We collected location and accelerometer data using 22 g loggers (e-obs GmbH; Munich, Germany), between August 22nd, 2008 and February 14th, 2009. The tracked oilbirds displayed three distinct movement strategies for the entire sampling period: Intra-tropical migrants (ITM), which performed roost switches that lasted between 17 and 73 continuous days, consistent with partial nomadic migrations rather than seasonal movements; venturers, which performed long-distance excursions but returned to the main cave within 3 days, and roost-faithful individuals that never performed such excursions and never switched roosts. Among the three strategies, we estimated that ITM showed a lower movement effort, based on total nightly flight time, throughout the sampling period. Despite travelling long distances, ITM birds reduced overall flight effort by day-roosting near foraging sites, minimizing the need for long commuting flights. The oilbirds showed site fidelity to multiple foraging areas, without among-individual spatial overlap. These findings give insights into how behavioural flexibility could facilitate resource partitioning and coexistence in this colonial species, as well as the consequences of inter-individual variation for adapting to habitat change. Such information is relevant to evaluate the role of oilbirds as ecosystem service providers and habitat connectivity.</p>","PeriodicalId":54288,"journal":{"name":"Movement Ecology","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13418825/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148610033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Latitudinal variation in seasonal migration of Eurasian curlews Numenius a. arquata breeding in Great Britain: breeding failure advances departure timing in southern populations.","authors":"Aisha C Bründl, Christopher J Heward, Samantha E Franks, Ryan A Burrell, Harry Ewing, Eleanor M Rivers, David Scott, Peter M Potts, Katharine M Bowgen, Andrew N Hoodless","doi":"10.1186/s40462-026-00683-5","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s40462-026-00683-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Migration plays a crucial role in the annual cycle of migratory birds. The Eurasian curlew Numenius arquata arquata, a species of high conservation concern in Great Britain, exhibits a wide range of migratory behaviours across its western distribution, from resident and short-distance movements to long-distance migrations along the East Atlantic Flyway. However, migratory behaviours of British-breeding curlews remain poorly studied. In particular, the ecological and life-history factors underlying variation in migration, such as timing and duration, remain unclear in this declining species.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used GPS-tracking data from 80 Eurasian curlews breeding across a 703-km latitudinal gradient in Great Britain to examine how migration behaviours are influenced by sex, breeding-site latitude, local weather conditions, individual repeatability and reproductive success. Statistical analyses assessed relationships between these variables and timing of migration events.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We found various sex-specific migration behaviours indicating contrasting selection pressures. Curlews breeding at higher latitudes (Scotland and northern England) left wintering sites earlier and departed breeding sites later than birds breeding at lower latitudes (southern England), although both groups arrived at breeding sites at similar times. Breeding-site latitude also affected migration distance, duration and speed in both pre- and post-breeding migration. Although migration timing was consistent within individuals across years, timing also varied with local weather conditions. Warmer temperatures were associated with earlier pre-breeding departures and arrivals, whereas post-breeding movements occurred later under warmer, wetter and calmer conditions. Timing of post-breeding migration was related to reproductive outcomes: successful breeders departed later, likely reflecting parental care of broods. This effect was driven by southern birds, which showed overall lower breeding success and departed earlier than northern birds.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our main results reveal clear individual and latitudinal variation in curlew migration behaviour, with reproductive success influencing migration timing. These findings underscore the need to integrate life-history context into migration research, as spatial variation in breeding success, influenced by land-use and management, and climate change, can produce systematic differences in migratory timing. Such differences may influence subsequent habitat use across the annual cycle, with potential consequences for population dynamics and conservation of declining migratory wader species such as Eurasian curlews.</p>","PeriodicalId":54288,"journal":{"name":"Movement Ecology","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13576177/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148978711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diving ecology of a pelagic seabird, the Little Auk Alle alle, in a changing Arctic revealed by multiyear tracking and optical zooplankton data.","authors":"Pauline Bodson, Kaja Balazy, Katarzyna Błachowiak-Samołyk, Rafał Boehnke, Lech Marek Iliszko, Kristin Piening, Martyna Syposz, Lech Stempniewicz, Emilia Trudnowska, Katarzyna Wojczulanis-Jakubas, Dariusz Jakubas","doi":"10.1186/s40462-026-00679-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40462-026-00679-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In a rapidly warming Arctic, seabirds serve as sentinels of ecosystem change, reflecting shifts in oceanographic conditions and prey dynamics. The Little Auk Alle alle is a High-Arctic zooplanktivorous seabird that forages mainly on cold-water Calanus spp. during the breeding period. To assess its response to high interannual variability in environmental conditions and prey availability, we investigated the foraging ecology of chick-rearing adults breeding in one colony on Spitsbergen over a period of five hydrographically contrasting years. Based on previous studies we considered three potential foraging strategies adopted by Little Auks: optimal (optimal foraging conditions), effort (unfavorable conditions) and reactive (intermediate conditions). To investigate Little Auks foraging behavior we used Temperature-Depth Recorders (TDRs) combined with Global Positioning System (GPS) loggers. To assess prey availability, we used Laser Optical Plankton Counter (LOPC) coupled with a conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD) sensor to collect at-sea high resolution zooplankton distribution data across bird's feeding grounds. Based on those data we modelled Calanus spp. abundance between and within years at different combinations of depth and temperature to show variability of foraging condition within the water column. We characterized diving patterns of Little Auks using a Self-Organizing Map, an artificial neural network, based on 10 TDR-based parameters of dives. We distinguished three diving modes differing in dive duration, depth and shape: short, shallow dives (SSM), intermediate dives (IIU), and deep long dives (DLV). Little Auks adopted two primary strategies: optimal-foraging, dominated by SSM targeting the preferred prey; and reactive-foraging, combining SSM and DLV and supplementing the preferred food with alternative prey. Birds switched between both foraging strategies across years depending on hydrographic conditions which influence the availability of preferred prey. Surprisingly, the optimal-foraging occurred in environmentally contrasted years: in the coldest (2021), the warmest (2023) and the mixed-regime (2024) year. The reactive-foraging prevailed in warm (2018) and mixed-regime (2022) years. In all years, the preferred prey Calanus glacialis was supplemented in various proportions by other prey items like Calanus finmarchicus, larvae of Euphausiacea or larvae of hermit crab Pagurus spp. Our study indicates foraging flexibility of Little Auks in a changing High Arctic environment.</p>","PeriodicalId":54288,"journal":{"name":"Movement Ecology","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.0,"publicationDate":"2026-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149225503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}