International Journal for Parasitology-Parasites and Wildlife最新文献

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Unmasking Borrelia species: A comprehensive review of their presence in Iran 揭露伯氏疏螺旋体物种:对其在伊朗存在的全面审查
IF 2.2 3区 医学
International Journal for Parasitology-Parasites and Wildlife Pub Date : 2025-07-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2025.101123
Parisa Soltan-Alinejad , Mahmood Nikbakhtzadeh , Eslam Moradi-Asl
{"title":"Unmasking Borrelia species: A comprehensive review of their presence in Iran","authors":"Parisa Soltan-Alinejad ,&nbsp;Mahmood Nikbakhtzadeh ,&nbsp;Eslam Moradi-Asl","doi":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2025.101123","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2025.101123","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Borrelia</em> species are the causative agents of Lyme disease (LD) and tick-borne relapsing fever (TBRF) in humans and animals. These pathogens are transmitted through hard and soft ticks. The increasing tick population, influenced by climate change, underscores the urgent need for enhanced research on tick-borne diseases.</div><div>Iran, situated in southwestern Asia, boasts a diverse climate that supports a wide range of tick species and their vertebrate hosts. While TBRF is endemic to Iran, recent reports suggest the presence of LD in the country as well. Understanding the various <em>Borrelia</em> species, their tick vectors, human cases, affected reservoirs, and geographical distribution is crucial for assessing the epidemiology of TBRF and LD in Iran.</div><div>This comprehensive review examines the epidemiological patterns, geographical distribution, detection methods for these pathogens, providing critical insights into their public health significance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54278,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Parasitology-Parasites and Wildlife","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 101123"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144772443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
First molecular detection of zoonotic Plasmodium knowlesi, Plasmodium cynomolgi, and Plasmodium inui in Assamese macaques from northern Thailand 在泰国北部阿萨姆猕猴中首次检测到人畜共患的诺氏疟原虫、食蟹疟原虫和犬疟原虫
IF 2 3区 医学
International Journal for Parasitology-Parasites and Wildlife Pub Date : 2025-07-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2025.101122
Phakorn Wilaisri , Supakarn Kaewchot , Rucksak Rucksaken , Thitichai Jarudecha , Thanawat Hmaidee , Sakulchit Wichainchot , Chanapath Thabthimsri , Wanat Sricharern
{"title":"First molecular detection of zoonotic Plasmodium knowlesi, Plasmodium cynomolgi, and Plasmodium inui in Assamese macaques from northern Thailand","authors":"Phakorn Wilaisri ,&nbsp;Supakarn Kaewchot ,&nbsp;Rucksak Rucksaken ,&nbsp;Thitichai Jarudecha ,&nbsp;Thanawat Hmaidee ,&nbsp;Sakulchit Wichainchot ,&nbsp;Chanapath Thabthimsri ,&nbsp;Wanat Sricharern","doi":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2025.101122","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2025.101122","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The growing proximity between non-human primates (NHPs) and human communities in Thailand has raised concerns about zoonotic disease transmission. Among these NHPs, Assamese macaques (<em>Macaca assamensis</em>) are understudied in Thailand, particularly regarding their role as reservoirs for zoonotic malaria. The limited data on <em>Plasmodium</em> infections in this species highlights the need for further investigation. Therefore, this study determined the prevalence and molecular characterization of zoonotic <em>Plasmodium</em> spp. in Assamese macaques from Chiang Rai Province, northern Thailand. In total, 133 blood samples were collected from Assamese macaques at Tham Pla temple and examined using semi-nested Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) targeting the 18S rRNA gene. <em>Plasmodium</em> spp. DNA was detected in 32 samples (24.06 % 32/133; 95 % CI: 17.07–32.23), with nucleotide sequence analysis identifying <em>P. knowlesi</em> in 13.53 % (18/133; 95 % CI: 8.23–20.56), <em>P. cynomolgi</em> in 9.77 % (13/133; 95 % CI: 5.29–16.10), and <em>P. inui</em> in 0.75 % (1/133; 95 % CI: 0.02–4.09). To the best of our knowledge, this was the first molecular evidence of these zoonotic <em>Plasmodium</em> spp. infections in Assamese macaques in Thailand. These findings have highlighted the potential role of Assamese macaques as natural reservoirs for zoonotic <em>Plasmodium</em> species and have underscored the importance of continued surveillance. The data from this study should be beneficial in guiding future strategies to prevent and control simian malaria transmission from macaques to humans.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54278,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Parasitology-Parasites and Wildlife","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 101122"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144713865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Notes on the threadworm Strongyloides fuelleborni (Nematoda: Strongyloididae) in vervet monkeys (Chlorocebus pygerythrus) and zoonotic strongyloidiasis in southern Malawi 关于马拉维南部长尾猴(pygerythrus)中线虫(线虫纲:圆线虫科)和人畜共患圆线虫病的注释
IF 2.2 3区 医学
International Journal for Parasitology-Parasites and Wildlife Pub Date : 2025-07-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2025.101121
Alexandra Juhász , Peter Makaula , Lucas J. Cunningham , John Archer , Ruth Cowlishaw , Sam Jones , James E. LaCourse , Sekeleghe A. Kayuni , Janelisa Musaya , J. Russell Stothard
{"title":"Notes on the threadworm Strongyloides fuelleborni (Nematoda: Strongyloididae) in vervet monkeys (Chlorocebus pygerythrus) and zoonotic strongyloidiasis in southern Malawi","authors":"Alexandra Juhász ,&nbsp;Peter Makaula ,&nbsp;Lucas J. Cunningham ,&nbsp;John Archer ,&nbsp;Ruth Cowlishaw ,&nbsp;Sam Jones ,&nbsp;James E. LaCourse ,&nbsp;Sekeleghe A. Kayuni ,&nbsp;Janelisa Musaya ,&nbsp;J. Russell Stothard","doi":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2025.101121","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2025.101121","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We sought to ascertain whether zoonotic strongyloidiasis occurred in vervet monkeys (<em>Chlorocebus pygerythrus</em>), a non-human primate (NHP) species becoming increasingly common in Southern Malawi. Faecal collection took place in four locations: Nyala Park, a private wildlife reserve adjacent to a sugarcane plantation in Chikwawa District, and three public locations, each near tourist lodges in Mangochi District. Our sampling took place during July 2023, when 32 faecal samples were inspected with parasitological methods. After faecal culture, threadworm larvae were noted in both districts that were confirmed by molecular identification methods as <em>Strongyloides fuelleborni</em>, a first report for Malawi. Given the close spatial proximity of vervets with people, our findings affirm prior disease surveillance concerns of local zoonotic potential. We therefore encourage future targeted helminthological surveys for better local monitoring of strongyloidiasis in NHPs and people.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54278,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Parasitology-Parasites and Wildlife","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 101121"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144723913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Silent predators: Revealing the parasites of Himalayan musk deer (Moschus leucogaster) in Manaslu Conservation Area, Nepal 沉默的捕食者:揭示尼泊尔马纳斯鲁保护区喜马拉雅麝(Moschus leucogaster)的寄生虫
IF 2 3区 医学
International Journal for Parasitology-Parasites and Wildlife Pub Date : 2025-07-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2025.101119
Bishnu Achhami , Shila Gurung , Sujan Deshar , Sapana Khaiju , Lekha Kumari Thapa , Sabita Gurung
{"title":"Silent predators: Revealing the parasites of Himalayan musk deer (Moschus leucogaster) in Manaslu Conservation Area, Nepal","authors":"Bishnu Achhami ,&nbsp;Shila Gurung ,&nbsp;Sujan Deshar ,&nbsp;Sapana Khaiju ,&nbsp;Lekha Kumari Thapa ,&nbsp;Sabita Gurung","doi":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2025.101119","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2025.101119","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Parasites pose a significant threat to wildlife, yet their impact remains largely understudied, with limited research conducted on the parasites of wild animals. This study provides the first quantitative analysis of gastrointestinal parasites in the endangered Himalayan musk deer (<em>Moschus leucogaster</em>), while also documenting a wider variety of parasites within the Manaslu Conservation Area (MCA), Nepal. Non-invasive sampling of 52 fresh fecal pellets from Kaltal (n = 28) and Mugumba (n = 24) revealed a high prevalence (94.2 %) of gastrointestinal parasites including two nematodes (<em>Pneumocaulus</em> sp. and Strongyle) and one parasitic protist (<em>Eimeria</em> sp.). <em>Pneumocaulus</em> sp. was the most abundant parasite, present in 100 % of Kaltal and 87.5 % of Mugumba samples. Strongyle was absent in Kaltal but had a lower prevalence (12.5 %) in Mugumba. Co-infection was identified in 25 % of samples, which could potentially threaten the health of musk deer. Statistical analysis with Firth's logistic regression indicated that higher elevations were associated with a lower chance of strongyle being present (p = 0.0057). Slope, aspect, and distance from water or roads did not significantly affect the distribution of the parasites. Parasite communities showed moderate similarity between the sites (Bray-Curtis dissimilarity = 0.22; Jaccard similarity = 0.67), with no significant difference in prevalence between Mugumba and Kaltal. <em>Pneumocaulus</em> sp. was found widely over the elevation gradient, most typically at 3600–3700 m, while strongyle was confined to lower elevations below 3500 m. This baseline study demonstrates the substantial gastrointestinal parasite burden in Himalayan musk deer and underscores the need for conservation and health management efforts for this endangered species in the MCA. Holistic conservation methods, including habitat management, disease detection, and further studies, including a large-scale sampling, seasonal data collection, and molecular techniques, can significantly enhance our understanding of the intricate relationship among parasites, hosts, and their environment in the endangered species conservation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54278,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Parasitology-Parasites and Wildlife","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 101119"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144703158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Mammal community composition and season determine the abundance of questing ticks in mountainous forests of central Japan 哺乳动物群落组成和季节决定了日本中部山区森林中蜱虫的丰度
IF 2 3区 医学
International Journal for Parasitology-Parasites and Wildlife Pub Date : 2025-07-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2025.101120
Hayato Iijima , Kaori Morishima , Hirotaka Komine , Yuya Watari , Kandai Doi , Kimiko Okabe
{"title":"Mammal community composition and season determine the abundance of questing ticks in mountainous forests of central Japan","authors":"Hayato Iijima ,&nbsp;Kaori Morishima ,&nbsp;Hirotaka Komine ,&nbsp;Yuya Watari ,&nbsp;Kandai Doi ,&nbsp;Kimiko Okabe","doi":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2025.101120","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2025.101120","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding the ecological drivers of tick abundance is crucial to mitigate the growing risk of tick-borne diseases such as severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome (SFTS) in Japan. This study investigates how mammal community composition and seasonality affect the abundance of questing ticks in mountainous forests of Gifu Prefecture, a border region of the SFTS endemic zone. Camera traps were used to monitor mammal species, and questing ticks were collected monthly via flagging along transects in 10 forest plots during 2021–2022. We recorded 14 mammal species including small-sized mammals like mice, medium-sized mammals like raccoon dog (<em>Nyctereutes viverrinus</em>), and large-sized mammals like wild boar (<em>Sus scrofa</em>). Among them, sika deer (<em>Cervus nippon</em>) was the most abundant. A total of 408 adult, 292 nymphal, and 1480 larval ticks representing 11 species (five <em>Haemaphysalis</em> species, five <em>Ixodes</em> species, and <em>Amblyomma testudinarium</em>) were collected. Generalized linear mixed models revealed that the abundance of adult <em>Haemaphysalis kitaokai</em> and <em>H. megaspinosa</em>, and nymphal <em>H. flava</em> and <em>H. megaspinosa</em> were significantly associated with sika deer abundance. Seasonal patterns varied by species and life stage, with <em>H. kitaokai</em> adults peaking in spring and early winter, and <em>H. megaspinosa</em> adults and nymphs in autumn. Wild boar abundance did not significantly influence tick numbers. These findings highlight the importance of sika deer as a key host driving tick population dynamics and underscore the role of host-targeted management, particularly deer population control, as a potential strategy to reduce tick density and related disease risks. Long-term monitoring is essential given ongoing climate and land-use changes that may alter tick phenology and distribution. Our results contribute to region-specific understanding of tick ecology and support the development of effective, ecologically informed countermeasures against tick-borne diseases in Japan.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54278,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Parasitology-Parasites and Wildlife","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 101120"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144703157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Identification and molecular characterization of Notoedres spp. from notoedric mange cases in four species of mammals from Florida, USA. 美国佛罗里达州四种哺乳动物Notoedres管理病例中Notoedres属的鉴定和分子特征。
IF 2 3区 医学
International Journal for Parasitology-Parasites and Wildlife Pub Date : 2025-07-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2025.101118
Kuldeep Chouhan , Melanie Dittmer , Heather Barron , Raquel Francisco , Jomari Rivera Reyes , Jillian R. Broadhurst , Nicole M. Nemeth , Taylor Fisher , Alisia A.W. Weyna , C. Robert Stilz , Xuan Hui Teo , Victoria A. Andreasen , Mark W. Cunningham , Bambi C.F. Clemons , Michael J. Yabsley
{"title":"Identification and molecular characterization of Notoedres spp. from notoedric mange cases in four species of mammals from Florida, USA.","authors":"Kuldeep Chouhan ,&nbsp;Melanie Dittmer ,&nbsp;Heather Barron ,&nbsp;Raquel Francisco ,&nbsp;Jomari Rivera Reyes ,&nbsp;Jillian R. Broadhurst ,&nbsp;Nicole M. Nemeth ,&nbsp;Taylor Fisher ,&nbsp;Alisia A.W. Weyna ,&nbsp;C. Robert Stilz ,&nbsp;Xuan Hui Teo ,&nbsp;Victoria A. Andreasen ,&nbsp;Mark W. Cunningham ,&nbsp;Bambi C.F. Clemons ,&nbsp;Michael J. Yabsley","doi":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2025.101118","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2025.101118","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The objective of this study was to characterize <em>Notoedres</em> from Florida, USA and to determine if rabbits and squirrels share the same <em>Notoedres</em> species. From July 2022–November 2024, 19 suspected mange (i.e., alopecia and crusty lesions) cases were identified in 16 eastern cottontail rabbits (<em>Sylvilagus floridanus</em>), an eastern gray squirrel (<em>Sciurus carolinensis</em>), a marsh rabbit (<em>Sylvilagus palustris</em>), and a northern raccoon (<em>Procyon lotor</em>) in Florida. Most were in poor nutritional condition with multifocal alopecia and hyperkeratosis. Histologically, mites were noted in the variably hyperkeratotic stratum corneum with associated serocellular crusts and epidermal hyperplasia. Mites from rabbits and the squirrel were identified as <em>Notoedres centrifera</em> and the raccoon was infested with <em>Notoedres cati</em>. ITS-2 sequences from the squirrel and 11 cottontail rabbits were identical and 100 % similar to a <em>N. centrifera</em> sequence from a Florida cottontail rabbit. The other six <em>N. centrifera</em> sequences from the marsh rabbit and five cottontail rabbits matched those from a Florida marsh rabbit and a Kansas fox squirrel (<em>Sciurus niger</em>). The <em>N. cati</em> ITS-2 sequence was 100 % similar to <em>N. cati</em>. The <em>N. centrifera</em> COI sequences were more variable and fell into two groups that were 79.5 % and 79.8 % similar to <em>S. scabiei</em>. The raccoon <em>N. cati</em> COI sequence was 85.1 % (582/684) and 84.1 % (575/684) similar to Group 1 and Group 2 of <em>N. centrifera</em>, respectively, and 80.3 % similar to <em>S. scabiei</em>. Overall, these data may indicate that notoedric mange is endemic in rabbits and squirrels in Florida, confirm raccoons as hosts for <em>N. cati</em>, and highlight the utility of molecular characterization in mite speciation. Additionally, new sequences of <em>Notoedres</em> were generated that will facilitate future phylogenetic analyses. The biodiversity and ecosystem impacts of notoedric mange in Florida are currently unknown, but this research indicates a need for further field-based surveys to assess these potential risks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54278,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Parasitology-Parasites and Wildlife","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 101118"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144703156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Under the scales: Identification of ticks in rehabilitated African pangolins and confiscated scales 鳞片下:在恢复的非洲穿山甲和没收的鳞片上鉴定蜱虫
IF 2 3区 医学
International Journal for Parasitology-Parasites and Wildlife Pub Date : 2025-07-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2025.101117
Zwannda Nethavhani , Thando Radebe , Catherine Maria Dzerefos , Essa Suleman , Raymond Jansen
{"title":"Under the scales: Identification of ticks in rehabilitated African pangolins and confiscated scales","authors":"Zwannda Nethavhani ,&nbsp;Thando Radebe ,&nbsp;Catherine Maria Dzerefos ,&nbsp;Essa Suleman ,&nbsp;Raymond Jansen","doi":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2025.101117","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2025.101117","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Pangolins are the most trafficked mammals globally. Beyond zoonotic concerns related to coronavirus, pangolins serve as hosts for ectoparasites such as ticks, which can be inadvertently transported through illegal wildlife trade and rehabilitation efforts. The transcontinental trafficking of pangolins and their derivatives poses a potential risk of pathogen spillover affecting humans, wildlife, and livestock. Despite these concerns, data on tick infestations in confiscated African pangolins and scales remain scarce. This study aims to identify tick species associated with confiscated pangolins and scales using morphological and molecular approaches. A total of 275 ticks were collected from 17 rehabilitated African pangolins (<em>Smutsia temminckii, Phataginus tricuspis, Phataginus tetradactylus</em>) and nine bags of seized scales. Representative specimens (n = 53) were genetically analyzed by amplifying the 16S rRNA fragment and comparing sequences with publicly available data. Morphological identification revealed five tick species: <em>Amblyomma compressum, A. hebraeum, Ornithodoros compactus, Rhipicephalus theileri,</em> and <em>R. simus.</em> Taxonomic assignments conformed with the DNA-based identification for all species except for ‘<em>O. compactus’</em> which resulted in <em>O. moubata</em>. These discrepancies may be due to overlapping morphological characters between the two <em>Ornithodoros</em> species. Notably, ticks from the three identified genera are known vectors of pathogens causing diseases such as heartwater, <em>anaplasmosis</em>, babesiosis, theileriosis, African swine fever, and human relapsing fever. We provide the first record of <em>A. hebraeum</em> in <em>Phataginus</em> species, and <em>A. compressum</em> in <em>P. tetradactyla,</em> expanding their host range. This study also establishes a baseline for tick diversity in confiscated African pangolins and scales trafficked within Africa and out of Africa. The findings highlight the importance of integrative taxonomic approaches in tick identification and emphasize the need for further research incorporating additional genetic markers and morphometric analyses to enhance species resolution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54278,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Parasitology-Parasites and Wildlife","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 101117"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144680264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Hidden diversity of cestodes in wild African carnivores: II. Taeniidae – new findings and an updated checklist 非洲野生食肉动物中隐蔽的兽类多样性:2。带绦虫科——新发现和更新的清单
IF 2 3区 医学
International Journal for Parasitology-Parasites and Wildlife Pub Date : 2025-07-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2025.101116
S. Dumendiak , A. Halajian , Y.T. Mekonnen , O. Aschenborn , G.J. Camacho , U. Mackenstedt , T. Romig , M. Wassermann
{"title":"Hidden diversity of cestodes in wild African carnivores: II. Taeniidae – new findings and an updated checklist","authors":"S. Dumendiak ,&nbsp;A. Halajian ,&nbsp;Y.T. Mekonnen ,&nbsp;O. Aschenborn ,&nbsp;G.J. Camacho ,&nbsp;U. Mackenstedt ,&nbsp;T. Romig ,&nbsp;M. Wassermann","doi":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2025.101116","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2025.101116","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The Taeniidae family, comprising the genera <em>Taenia</em>, <em>Hydatigera</em>, <em>Versteria</em>, and <em>Echinococcus</em>, includes cestodes of considerable significance to both human and animal health. However, current knowledge of the diversity of taeniid species in wildlife remains limited. This study examines a sample set of taeniid cestodes from African wildlife using both genetic and morphological approaches and integrates the findings into an updated checklist and definitive host index for Taeniidae documented in Africa. Furthermore, this publication provides a categorisation tool that facilitates the morphological identification of ribbon-like Taeniidae. The taeniids analysed in this study were collected from 52 individual wild definitive and eight intermediate hosts originating from Ethiopia, Namibia, and South Africa. A total of 16 <em>Taenia</em> species and four <em>Hydatigera</em> species were identified in this sample set. Among these, twelve (eleven <em>Taenia</em> spp. and one <em>Hydatigera</em> sp.) represent genetically novel lineages. One species, recovered from three servals and one rodent, was morphologically identified as <em>Hydatigera</em> cf. <em>selousi</em>, with this study presenting the first genetic data for this species. Several genetically novel <em>Taenia</em> lineages were identified in carnivores, including cheetah, African wolf, caracal, spotted hyaena, black-backed jackal, African wild dog, lion, and leopard. These are provisionally designated as <em>Taenia</em> spp. A-K, pending the availability of further material to support detailed morphological assessment and formal species description or assignment. Molecular analysis indicates that <em>Taenia</em> sp. F, isolated from black-backed jackals, is closely related to <em>T. serialis</em> sensu stricto and may possess zoonotic potential.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54278,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Parasitology-Parasites and Wildlife","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 101116"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144663082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Novel microfilariae detected in Galápagos passerines Galápagos雀形目中检出新型微丝蚴
IF 2 3区 医学
International Journal for Parasitology-Parasites and Wildlife Pub Date : 2025-07-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2025.101115
Diana Carolina Loyola , Allyson Placko , Birgit Fessl , Sabrina M. McNew
{"title":"Novel microfilariae detected in Galápagos passerines","authors":"Diana Carolina Loyola ,&nbsp;Allyson Placko ,&nbsp;Birgit Fessl ,&nbsp;Sabrina M. McNew","doi":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2025.101115","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2025.101115","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Emerging parasites pose a serious risk to the health and survival of wild animal populations, particularly on islands where species often lack prior exposure and evolved defenses. We present the first report of a novel microfilaria infection found in blood from six species of Galápagos passerines in the coastal zone of Santa Cruz Island. Across 13 months, spanning two wet seasons and one dry season, 294 individuals were sampled and evaluated for microfilarial presence through microscopy and/or polymerase chain reaction. We barcoded the mitochondrial Cytochrome <em>c</em> oxidase I (COI) gene to tentatively place this microfilaria in the genus <em>Eufilaria</em>. We found host species level variation in infection, with certain species, like the vegetarian finch (<em>Platyspiza crassirostris</em>) and the common cactus finch (<em>G</em><em>eospiza</em><em>. scandens</em>) having very high prevalence, while others, like the Galápagos mockingbird (<em>Mimus parvulus</em>) and small tree finch (<em>Camarhynchus parvulus</em>) showing significantly lower prevalence. We investigated leukocyte counts, H/L ratios and body condition to evaluate the potential effects of infection on birds and found no relationship between infection status and these health indices. We also tested to see if seasonality could predict the infection trends found in our data and found a relationship with monthly rainfall, where more rain predicts higher microfilarial prevalence. Although we cannot confirm exactly when this parasite established in the Galápagos, our study highlights the importance of continued disease surveillance in endemic systems and underscores the need for species-level COI barcodes to improve microfilaria identification and phylogenetics.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54278,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Parasitology-Parasites and Wildlife","volume":"28 ","pages":"Article 101115"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144657126","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Sarcocystis spp. and Toxoplasma gondii in muscles from wild boars (Sus scrofa) consumed in Switzerland 瑞士食用野猪(Sus scrofa)肌肉中的肌囊虫和刚地弓形虫
IF 2 3区 医学
International Journal for Parasitology-Parasites and Wildlife Pub Date : 2025-07-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijppaw.2025.101114
Moré Gastón , Filippini Carlotta , Andreas W. Oehm , Ruetten Maja , Hemphill Andrew , Caroline F. Frey , Basso Walter
{"title":"Sarcocystis spp. and Toxoplasma gondii in muscles from wild boars (Sus scrofa) consumed in Switzerland","authors":"Moré Gastón ,&nbsp;Filippini Carlotta ,&nbsp;Andreas W. Oehm ,&nbsp;Ruetten Maja ,&nbsp;Hemphill Andrew ,&nbsp;Caroline F. Frey ,&nbsp;Basso Walter","doi":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2025.101114","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijppaw.2025.101114","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Sarcocystis</em> spp. and <em>Toxoplasma gondii</em> are heteroxenous protozoan parasites, which form cysts in muscle tissue of intermediate hosts (IH) and oocysts in the intestinal mucosa of definitive hosts (DH). Wild boars (<em>Sus scrofa</em>) are IH for <em>Sarcocystis miescheriana</em> (with wild and domestic canids as DH), <em>S. suihominis</em> (with humans and non-human primates as DH) and <em>T. gondii</em> (with felids as DH). The aim of this study was to identify and characterize <em>Sarcocystis</em> spp. and <em>T. gondii</em> in the muscle tissue of wild boars hunted and/or consumed in Switzerland. DNA was extracted from muscle samples of 286 wild boars and tested by PCRs targeting the <em>18S rRNA</em> gene of <em>Sarcocystis</em> spp., the mitochondrial cytochrome <em>c</em> oxidase (<em>cox1</em>) gene of <em>S. suihominis</em> and by a qPCR targeting a 529 bp genomic repeat of <em>T</em>. <em>gondii</em>. Besides, 225 samples were processed by homogenization and direct microscopic examination and 42 samples by histopathology. Sarcocysts were detected microscopically in 89.3 % (201/225) and 35.7 % (15/42) of the samples, respectively. The <em>18S rRNA</em> PCR detected parasite DNA in 91.3 % (261/286) of the samples, and all 62 sequences obtained were 100 % identical, and also with GenBank sequences reported as <em>S. miescheriana,</em> suggesting a high environmental contamination with canid faeces. The <em>S. suihominis-cox1</em> PCR was positive in 1.75 % of the samples (5/286), and the six <em>cox1</em> sequences (772 bp primers trimmed) obtained were 97.3–99.6 % similar among them and 97.7–100 % identical with a sequence reported as <em>S. suihominis</em>. Despite the identity differences, all these sequences were grouped together in a phylogenetic tree, in a sister clade of <em>S. miescheriana</em> sequences. All samples tested negative for <em>T. gondii</em> by qPCR. This study revealed for the first time the presence of <em>S. suihominis</em> in wild boars hunted in Switzerland.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54278,"journal":{"name":"International Journal for Parasitology-Parasites and Wildlife","volume":"27 ","pages":"Article 101114"},"PeriodicalIF":2.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144597012","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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