Forest Ecosystems最新文献

{"title":"Resilience and response: Unveiling the impacts of extreme droughts on forests through integrated dendrochronological and remote sensing analyses","authors":"Han Shi ,&nbsp;Xi Peng ,&nbsp;Yong-Jiao Zhou ,&nbsp;Ai-Ying Wang ,&nbsp;Xue-Kai Sun ,&nbsp;Na Li ,&nbsp;Quan-Sheng Bao ,&nbsp;Gude Buri ,&nbsp;Guang-You Hao","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100209","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100209","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Extreme droughts are anticipated to have detrimental impacts on forest ecosystems, especially in water-limited regions, due to the influence of climate change. However, considerable uncertainty remains regarding the patterns in species-specific responses to extreme droughts. Here, we conducted a study integrating dendrochronology and remote sensing methods to investigate the mosaic-distributed maple-oak (native) natural forests and poplar plantations (introduced) in the Horqin Sandy Land, Northeast China. We assessed the impacts of extreme droughts on tree performances by measuring interannual variations in radial growth and vegetation index. The results showed that precipitation and self-calibrated palmer drought severity index (scPDSI) are the major factors influencing tree-ring width index (RWI) and normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI). The severe droughts between 2000 and 2004 resulted in reduced RWI in the three studied tree species as well as led to NDVI reductions in both the maple-oak natural forests and the poplar plantations. The RWI reached the nadir during the 2000–2004 severe droughts and remained at low levels two years after the severe drought, creating a legacy effect. In contrast to the lack of significant correlation between RWI and scPDSI, NDVI exhibited a significant positive correlation with scPDSI indicating the greater sensitivity of canopy performance to droughts than radial growth. Furthermore, interspecific differences in RWI and NDVI responses were observed, with the fast-growing poplar species experiencing a more significant RWI decrease and more negative NDVI anomaly during severe droughts than native species, highlighting the species-specific trade-offs between drought resilience and growth rate. This study emphasizes the importance of combining tree-level radial growth with landscape-scale canopy remote sensing to understand forest resilience and response. Our study improves our understanding of forest responses to extreme drought and highlights species differences in climate responses, offering crucial insights for optimizing species selection in sustainable afforestation and forest management in water-limited regions under the influence of climate change.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54270,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecosystems","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100209"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2197562024000459/pdfft?md5=8befa74415e8bef3cebd4656408e5c9f&pid=1-s2.0-S2197562024000459-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141422934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantifying foliar trait variation and covariation in sun and shade leaves using leaf spectroscopy in eastern North America","authors":"Zhihui Wang ,&nbsp;Philip A. Townsend ,&nbsp;Eric L. Kruger ,&nbsp;Anna K. Schweiger","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100230","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100230","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Characterizing foliar trait variation in sun and shade leaves can provide insights into inter- and intra-species resource use strategies and plant response to environmental change. However, datasets with records of multiple foliar traits from the same individual and including shade leaves are sparse, which limits our ability to investigate trait-trait, trait-environment relationships and trait coordination in both sun and shade leaves. We presented a comprehensive dataset of 15 foliar traits from sun and shade leaves sampled with leaf spectroscopy, including 424 individuals of 110 plant species from 19 sites across eastern North America. We investigated trait variation, covariation, scaling relationships with leaf mass, and the effects of environment, canopy position, and taxonomy on trait expression. Generally, sun leaves had higher leaf mass per area, nonstructural carbohydrates and total phenolics, lower mass-based chlorophyll a + b, carotenoids, phosphorus, and potassium, but exhibited species-specific characteristics. Covariation between sun and shade leaf traits, and trait-environment relationships were overall consistent across species. The main dimensions of foliar trait variation in seed plants were revealed including leaf economics traits, photosynthetic pigments, defense, and structural traits. Taxonomy and canopy position collectively explained most of the foliar trait variation. This study highlights the importance of including intra-individual and intra-specific trait variation to improve our understanding of ecosystem functions. Our findings have implications for efficient field sampling, and trait mapping with remote sensing.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54270,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecosystems","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100230"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2197562024000666/pdfft?md5=9b0173ddaa85fa069c480c6b9b6f510d&pid=1-s2.0-S2197562024000666-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141915326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"N-fixing tree species promote the chemical stability of soil organic carbon in subtropical plantations through increasing the relative contribution of plant-derived lipids","authors":"Xiaodan Ye ,&nbsp;Junwei Luan ,&nbsp;Hui Wang ,&nbsp;Yu Zhang ,&nbsp;Yi Wang ,&nbsp;Shirong Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100232","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100232","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Biodiversity experiments have shown that soil organic carbon (SOC) is not only a function of plant diversity, but is also closely related to the nitrogen (N) -fixing plants. However, the effect of N-fixing trees on SOC chemical stability is still little known, especially with the compounding effects of tree species diversity. An experimental field manipulation was established in subtropical plantations of southern China to explore the impacts of tree species richness (i.e., one, two, four and six tree species) and with/without N-fixing trees on SOC chemical stability, as indicated by the ratio of easily oxidized organic carbon to SOC (EOC/SOC). Plant-derived C components in terms of hydrolysable plant lipids and lignin phenols were isolated from soils for evaluating their relative contributions to SOC chemical stability. The results showed that N-fixing tree species rather than tree species richness had a significant effect on EOC/SOC. Hydrolysable plant lipids and lignin phenols were negatively correlated with EOC/SOC, while hydrolysable plant lipids contributed more to EOC/SOC than lignin phenols, especially in the occurrence of N-fixing trees. The presence of N-fixing tree species led to an increase in soil N availability and a decrease in fungal abundance, promoting the selective retention of certain key components of hydrolysable plant lipids, thus enhancing SOC chemical stability. These findings underpin the crucial role of N-fixing trees in shaping SOC chemical stability, and therefore, preferential selection of N-fixing tree species in mixed plantations is an appropriate silvicultural strategy to improve SOC chemical stability in subtropical plantations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54270,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecosystems","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100232"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S219756202400068X/pdfft?md5=3cdc145f8d6e830541ec78d6c7cb24bc&pid=1-s2.0-S219756202400068X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142011354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variability and determinants of vascular plant species composition in patches of old managed oak forest stands dispersed within Scots pine monocultures","authors":"Ewa Stefańska-Krzaczek ,&nbsp;Rafał Krzaczek ,&nbsp;Natalia Mazurek ,&nbsp;Damian Chmura","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100235","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100235","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In the temperate zone of Europe, Scots pine forests are expected to occupy the poorest habitats which are unfavourable for deciduous trees. However, as a result of deforestation of the most fertile habitats and the preference for <em>Pinus sylvestris</em> in silviculture, pine forests have become the dominant feature of the landscape in Central Europe. As a result, the area of optimal habitat for deciduous forest flora has been significantly reduced. Nevertheless, remnant patches of deciduous forest persist as habitat islands within extensive pine forest complexes and may serve as important refugia for meso- and eutrophilic forest species. However, the factors that contribute to the variation in species composition of such habitat islands and their role in maintaining biodiversity remain poorly understood. This paper aims to fill this knowledge gap.</p><p>The studied deciduous (oak) stands exhibited a diverse vegetation, with species composition influenced by overstorey attributes, oak age, patch location, and the area and circularity of the deciduous forest. Species traits related to environmental variables included mainly preferences for closed or open forests, requirements for soil moisture, reaction, and fertility, and requirements for light conditions. The key message from our research is that oak islands are not simply patches of trees that are different from the surrounding area. Instead, they represent distinct plant communities that have developed to adapt to the prevailing environmental conditions by recruiting species with particular traits. The presence of oak islands within Scots pine monocultures is therefore important for increasing the diversity of the forest complex.</p><p>The most relevant recommendation from our research for forest management is to maintain as many patches of deciduous tree stands as possible within a single pine forest complex, as even small habitat islands can make a significant contribution to the biodiversity of the forest complex.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54270,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecosystems","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100235"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S219756202400071X/pdfft?md5=f73ede5b90cfb3e6153323f4f0adc46e&pid=1-s2.0-S219756202400071X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142021463","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting time-to-harvest in mixed-species forests using a random survival forest algorithm","authors":"Dinuka Madhushan Senevirathne ,&nbsp;Sheng-I Yang ,&nbsp;Consuelo Brandeis ,&nbsp;Donald G. Hodges","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100236","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100236","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Survival analysis is composed of a group of analytical approaches that can be used to predict the occurrence of harvest activities, which provides insightful information about the dynamics of natural resources utilization in a region. Recently, random survival forest (RSF) has been proposed in survival analysis to capture the complex relationships among variables. The main objective of this study was to employ the RSF algorithm to examine the temporal evolution of tree harvest, accounting for stand and environmental variables. Specifically, the predictability of the RSF model was compared with the Cox proportional hazard (Cox) model, a popular model in survival analysis. Important variables in explaining the variation of harvest time were identified. Data collected by the USDA Forest Service, Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program from permanent plots in the southern Appalachian region were utilized in the analysis. Results showed that the RSF model consistently outperformed the Cox model based on prediction accuracy. Among 14 variables examined, ownership, forest type, elevation, state, and slope emerged as most important. Utilizing only these five variables in a reduced model produced satisfactory prediction accuracy compared to the full model (i.e., the models with all variables included). The findings of this work provide insights for forest managers and policy makers to utilize survival analysis methods in understanding harvest activities at the regional scale.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54270,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecosystems","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100236"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2197562024000721/pdfft?md5=6ead7827de7a41d9a140180c17125890&pid=1-s2.0-S2197562024000721-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142149644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Old-growth mixed dipterocarp forests show variable losses and gains in aboveground biomass and standing carbon over forty years","authors":"Sisira Ediriweera ,&nbsp;Champika Bandara ,&nbsp;Tithira Lakkana ,&nbsp;Shanika Jayasinghe ,&nbsp;David Woodbury ,&nbsp;Arun Dayanandan ,&nbsp;B.M.P. Singhakumara ,&nbsp;Xiangcheng Mi ,&nbsp;I.A.U.N. Gunatilleke ,&nbsp;C.V.S. Gunatilleke ,&nbsp;Mark S. Ashton","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2023.100163","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fecs.2023.100163","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>No studies have documented long-term trends in aboveground biomass (AGB) for mixed-dipterocarp forests (MDF), the dominant rain forest type in tropical wet equatorial Asia. In our study, we sought to document such trends over forty years across three sites representing lowland to lower montane elevations.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>To do this, we established fifty 100 ​m ​× ​25 ​m plots in 1978 across three sites sampled along an elevation gradient, identified as mature old-growth forest. We measured trees for diameter at breast height that we identified to species and tagged. We took wood samples to calculate species wood-specific gravity. We re-measured plots in 1998 and again in 2018.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>We show standing AGB for all sites combined to be 517.52 ​Mg⋅ha⁻¹ in 1978, but this declined by 17% over 40 years to 430.11 ​Mg⋅ha⁻¹. No differences exist among sites in AGB primarily because of considerable within site variation; but interactions of time with site show declines across sites were not uniform, one remained about the same. Relatively few species represented a high proportion of the AGB with the top five species comprising between 34% and 65%, depending upon site and year sampled. One species, <em>Mesua nagassarium</em>, represented a disproportionately large amount of AGB and decline over time, particularly at the low elevation site.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Our results are directly relevant to estimating AGB and standing carbon sequestered in MDF. Our study is the first to demonstrate varying but overall, declining trends in amounts of AGB among forests making predictions of biomass and standing carbon in MDF difficult over wide regions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54270,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecosystems","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100163"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2197562023000945/pdfft?md5=6f0517dd400ac0c59699b08f2b99604f&pid=1-s2.0-S2197562023000945-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138770674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disrupted connectivity within a metapopulation of a wind-pollinated declining conifer, Taxus baccata L.","authors":"Igor J. Chybicki ,&nbsp;Juan J. Robledo-Arnuncio ,&nbsp;Jan Bodziarczyk ,&nbsp;Marcin Widlak ,&nbsp;Katarzyna Meyza ,&nbsp;Andrzej Oleksa ,&nbsp;Bartosz Ulaszewski","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100240","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100240","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Population connectivity through seed and pollen dispersal determines the genetic diversity, adaptive potential, and demography of plant metapopulations. In wind-pollinated trees, population connectivity is typically maintained by long-distance pollen flow, counteracting the genetic differentiation generated by drift and restricted seed dispersal. Although strong population fragmentation is theoretically expected to disrupt connectivity in forest trees, empirical evidence remains scarce and inconclusive. We investigated contemporary connectivity within a network of small remnant populations of a declining conifer (<em>Taxus baccata</em> L.), which have been hypothesized to be largely isolated from each other. We tested this hypothesis using molecular data for adult trees and naturally recruited seedlings from all known remnants across a fragmented landscape spanning a length of 20 ​km, and a specifically designed statistical approach to quantify contemporary pollen and seed migration rates between populations. We additionally assessed dispersal potential using a spatially explicit parentage analysis to estimate seed and pollen dispersal kernels within one of the remnants. Estimated pairwise migration rates between populations were barely detectable for seeds, while they were larger (up to 1.1%) and significant for pollen. Both seed and pollen migration rates decreased with geographic distance between populations, more steeply in the case of pollen migration. According to parentage-based dispersal kernels, 51.8% of seeds and 11.4% of pollen travel less than 25 ​m, whereas 0.2% of seeds and 36.1% of pollen travel more than 250 ​m from a source tree. In addition, 1.2% of pollen can travel more than 2.5 ​km. We showed that strong present-day population fragmentation, with separation distances over a few kilometers between small fragments, can substantially limit the connectivity of a wind-pollinated declining tree, leading to low pollen-mediated contemporary gene flow and null or virtually null demographic connectivity via seed dispersal.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54270,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecosystems","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100240"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2197562024000769/pdfft?md5=219d0a4115284db7075bec6b9d92f5fc&pid=1-s2.0-S2197562024000769-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142088814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting carbon storage of mixed broadleaf forests based on the finite mixture model incorporating stand factors, site quality, and aridity index","authors":"Yanlin Wang ,&nbsp;Dongzhi Wang ,&nbsp;Dongyan Zhang ,&nbsp;Qiang Liu ,&nbsp;Yongning Li","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100189","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The diameter distribution function (DDF) is a crucial tool for accurately predicting stand carbon storage (CS). The current key issue, however, is how to construct a high-precision DDF based on stand factors, site quality, and aridity index to predict stand CS in multi-species mixed forests with complex structures. This study used data from 70 survey plots for mixed broadleaf <em>Populus davidiana</em> and <em>Betula platyphylla</em> forests in the Mulan Rangeland State Forest, Hebei Province, China, to construct the DDF based on maximum likelihood estimation and finite mixture model (FMM). Ordinary least squares (OLS), linear seemingly unrelated regression (LSUR), and back propagation neural network (BPNN) were used to investigate the influences of stand factors, site quality, and aridity index on the shape and scale parameters of DDF and predicted stand CS of mixed broadleaf forests. The results showed that FMM accurately described the stand-level diameter distribution of the mixed <em>P. davidiana</em> and <em>B. platyphylla</em> forests; whereas the Weibull function constructed by MLE was more accurate in describing species-level diameter distribution. The combined variable of quadratic mean diameter (<em>D</em>_q), stand basal area (BA), and site quality improved the accuracy of the shape parameter models of FMM; the combined variable of <em>D</em>_q, BA, and De Martonne aridity index improved the accuracy of the scale parameter models. Compared to OLS and LSUR, the BPNN had higher accuracy in the re-parameterization process of FMM. OLS, LSUR, and BPNN overestimated the CS of <em>P. davidiana</em> but underestimated the CS of <em>B. platyphylla</em> in the large diameter classes (DBH ≥18 ​cm). BPNN accurately estimated stand- and species-level CS, but it was more suitable for estimating stand-level CS compared to species-level CS, thereby providing a scientific basis for the optimization of stand structure and assessment of carbon sequestration capacity in mixed broadleaf forests.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54270,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecosystems","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100189"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2197562024000253/pdfft?md5=7e93c7cb169563188fef334cd34424ca&pid=1-s2.0-S2197562024000253-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140339606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Atmospheric nitrogen deposition affects forest plant and soil system carbon:nitrogen:phosphorus stoichiometric flexibility: A meta-analysis","authors":"Xiyan Jiang ,&nbsp;Xiaojing Wang ,&nbsp;Yaqi Qiao ,&nbsp;Yi Cao ,&nbsp;Yan Jiao ,&nbsp;An Yang ,&nbsp;Mengzhou Liu ,&nbsp;Lei Ma ,&nbsp;Mengya Song ,&nbsp;Shenglei Fu","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100192","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><p>Nitrogen (N) deposition affects forest stoichiometric flexibility through changing soil nutrient availability to influence plant uptake. However, the effect of N deposition on the flexibility of carbon (C), N, and phosphorus (P) in forest plant-soil-microbe systems remains unclear.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We conducted a meta-analysis based on 751 pairs of observations to evaluate the responses of plant, soil and microbial biomass C, N and P nutrients and stoichiometry to N addition in different N intensity (0–50, 50–100, &gt;100 ​kg⋅ha⁻¹⋅year⁻¹ of N), duration (0–5, &gt;5 year), method (understory, canopy), and matter (ammonium N, nitrate N, organic N, mixed N).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>N addition significantly increased plant N:P (leaf: 14.98%, root: 13.29%), plant C:P (leaf: 6.8%, root: 25.44%), soil N:P (13.94%), soil C:P (10.86%), microbial biomass N:P (23.58%), microbial biomass C:P (12.62%), but reduced plant C:N (leaf: 6.49%, root: 9.02%). Furthermore, plant C:N:P stoichiometry changed significantly under short-term N inputs, while soil and microorganisms changed drastically under high N addition. Canopy N addition primarily affected plant C:N:P stoichiometry through altering plant N content, while understory N inputs altered more by influencing soil C and P content. Organic N significantly influenced plant and soil C:N and C:P, while ammonia N changed plant N:P. Plant C:P and soil C:N were strongly correlated with mean annual precipitation (MAT), and the C:N:P stoichiometric flexibility in soil and plant under N addition connected with soil depth. Besides, N addition decoupled the correlations between soil microorganisms and the plant.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>N addition significantly increased the C:P and N:P in soil, plant, and microbial biomass, reducing plant C:N, and aggravated forest P limitations. Significantly, these impacts were contingent on climate types, soil layers, and N input forms. The findings enhance our comprehension of the plant-soil system nutrient cycling mechanisms in forest ecosystems and plant strategy responses to N deposition.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54270,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecosystems","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100192"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2197562024000289/pdfft?md5=e75c51c61911b9313175ac66ea637fc6&pid=1-s2.0-S2197562024000289-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140639385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modeling the effect of stand and site characteristics on the probability of mistletoe infestation in Scots pine stands using remote sensing data","authors":"Luiza Tymińska-Czabańska ,&nbsp;Piotr Janiec ,&nbsp;Paweł Hawryło ,&nbsp;Jacek Ślopek ,&nbsp;Anna Zielonka ,&nbsp;Paweł Netzel ,&nbsp;Daniel Janczyk ,&nbsp;Jarosław Socha","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100191","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Over the past decade, the presence of mistletoe (<em>Viscum album</em> ssp. <em>austriacum</em>) in Scots pine stands has increased in many European countries. Understanding the factors that influence the occurrence of mistletoe in stands is key to making appropriate forest management decisions to limit damage and prevent the spread of mistletoe in the future. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to determine the probability of mistletoe occurrence in Scots pine stands in relation to stand-related endogenous factors such as age, top height, and stand density, as well as topographic and edaphic factors. We used unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) imagery from 2,247 stands to detect mistletoe in Scots pine stands, while majority stand and site characteristics were calculated from airborne laser scanning (ALS) data. Information on stand age and site type from the State Forest database were also used. We found that mistletoe infestation in Scots pine stands is influenced by stand and site characteristics. We documented that the densest, tallest, and oldest stands were more susceptible to mistletoe infestation. Site type and specific microsite conditions associated with topography were also important factors driving mistletoe occurrence. In addition, climatic water balance was a significant factor in increasing the probability of mistletoe occurrence, which is important in the context of predicted temperature increases associated with climate change. Our results are important for better understanding patterns of mistletoe infestation and ecosystem functioning under climate change. In an era of climate change and technological development, the use of remote sensing methods to determine the risk of mistletoe infestation can be a very useful tool for managing forest ecosystems to maintain forest sustainability and prevent forest disturbance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":54270,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecosystems","volume":"11 ","pages":"Article 100191"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2197562024000277/pdfft?md5=e5a860ba74b8e5598ac54699825376b6&pid=1-s2.0-S2197562024000277-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140645876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}