Forest Ecosystems最新文献

{"title":"Climatic habitat regulates the radial growth sensitivity of two conifers in response to climate change","authors":"Ruhong Xue ,&nbsp;Liang Jiao ,&nbsp;Peng Zhang ,&nbsp;Xuge Wang ,&nbsp;Qian Li ,&nbsp;Xin Yuan ,&nbsp;Zhengdong Guo ,&nbsp;Le Zhang ,&nbsp;Yarong Qin","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100282","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100282","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The survival and mortality of conifer trees in response to climate change, particularly drought stress, have received considerable attention. However, it is crucial to explore the growth dynamics of the same conifer species in response to climate change in different climatic habitats. In this study, we aimed to quantify variations in the radial growth processes of conifer species, analyze their resilience during drought periods under different climatic habitats, and assess the impact of climate adaptation on conifer growth. We focused on two conifer species, <em>Picea crassifolia</em> (spruce) and <em>Pinus tabuliformis</em> (pine), which are distributed in both a humid habitat and a dry habitat in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau. Growth and resilience dynamics were identified across both climatic habitats and the contributions of temperature and moisture to the growth of the two species were simulated under drought stress using the VS-oscilloscope model. Spruce growth exhibited significant variability between climatic habitats. Specifically, the spruce growth rate declined in response to drought in the dry habitat (−0.91 ​cm² per decade, <em>p</em> ​&lt; ​0.01). In contrast, pine growth remained relatively stable (humid habitat: −0.03 ​cm² per decade; dry habitat: 0.25 ​cm² per decade, <em>p</em> ​&gt; ​0.01), although it still responded to stress during the growing season (<em>p</em> ​&lt; ​0.05). Furthermore, spruce displayed reduced resistance during stress in dry habitats (−30.11%), while pine exhibited an enhanced recovery of growth rates to ensure survival (+39.62%). The climate adaptation strategies of the species were linked to the contribution of temperature and moisture to their growth rates. Moisture is critical for the growth recovery of both conifers in dry habitats when temperature-associated growth displays a ‘bimodal’ pattern during the growing season. These findings have significant ecological implications for understanding conifer forest processes in the context of global climate change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54270,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecosystems","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100282"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142790003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationships between charcoal property and post fire productivity in the boreal forest","authors":"Lei Gao ,&nbsp;David Paré ,&nbsp;Flavia Lega Braghiroli ,&nbsp;Mathieu Lamarche ,&nbsp;Yves Bergeron","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100277","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100277","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fire disturbances are increasing under global climate change and ecological transformations of forests are occurring. Specifically, shifts from productive closed-canopy feather moss forests to low-productivity open-canopy lichen (<em>Cladonia</em> spp.) woodlands have been observed in boreal forests of eastern Canada. It has been hypothesized that high severity of fires would be the cause of this change, but this is difficult to validate <em>a posteriori</em> on mature forest stands. Because charcoal properties are affected by fire severity, we have put forward the hypothesis that the amount and physicochemical properties of charcoal (C, N, H, O, ash, surface area) would be different and indicative of a greater fire severity for open-canopy forests compared to closed canopy ones. Our hypothesis was partly validated in that the amount of charcoal found on the ground of closed-canopy forests was greater than that of open-canopy forests. However, the physicochemical properties were not different, albeit a greater variability of charcoal properties for open canopy stands. These results do not allow us to fully validate or reject our hypothesis on the role of fire severity in the shift between open and closed canopy stands. However, they suggest that the variability in fire conditions as well as the amounts of charcoal produced are different between the two ecosystem types. Furthermore, considering the role that biochar may play in improving soil conditions and promoting vegetation restoration, our results suggest that charcoal may play a role in maintaining these two stable alternative ecosystem states.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54270,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecosystems","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100277"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142745641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluating tree branch angle measurements of European beech using terrestrial laser scanning","authors":"Xi Peng,&nbsp;Kim Calders,&nbsp;Louise Terryn,&nbsp;Hans Verbeeck","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100279","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100279","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Branch angles are an important plant morphological trait affecting light interception within forest canopies. However, studies on branch angles have been limited due to the time-consuming nature of manual measurements using a protractor. Terrestrial laser scanning (TLS), however, provides new opportunities to measure branch angles more efficiently. Despite this potential, studies validating branch angle measurements from TLS have been limited. Here, our aim is to evaluate both manual and automatic branch angle measurements of European beech from TLS data using traditional field-measurements with a protractor as a reference. We evaluated the accuracy of branch angle measurements based on four automated algorithms (aRchiQSM, TreeQSM, Laplacian, Semantic-Laplacian) from TLS data. Additionally, we assessed different ways of manual branch angle measurements in the field. Our study was based on a dataset comprising 124 branch angles measured from six European beech in a European deciduous forest. Our results show that manual branch angle measurements from TLS data are in high agreement with the reference (root-mean-squared error, RMSE: [3.57°–4.18°], concordance correlation coefficient, CCC: [0.95−0.97]) across different branch length positions. Automated algorithms also are in high agreement with the reference although RMSE is approximately twice as large compared to manual branch angle measurements from TLS (RMSE: [9.29°–10.55°], CCC: [0.83−0.86]) with manual leaf points removal. When applying the automatic wood-leaf separation algorithm, the performance of the four methods declined significantly, with only approximately 20 branch angles successfully identified. Moreover, it is important to note that there is no influence of the measurement position (branch surface versus center) for branch angle measurements. However, for curved branches, the selection of branch measurement length significantly impacts the branch angle measurement. This study provides a comprehensive understanding of branch angle measurements in forests. We show that automated measurement methods based on TLS data of branch angles are a valuable tool to quantify branch angles at larger scales.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54270,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecosystems","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100279"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142745695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Topographic complexity drives trait composition as well as functional and phylogenetic diversity of understory plant communities in microrefugia: New insights for conservation","authors":"Kata Frei ,&nbsp;Anna E-Vojtkó ,&nbsp;Csaba Tölgyesi ,&nbsp;András Vojtkó ,&nbsp;Tünde Farkas ,&nbsp;László Erdős ,&nbsp;Gábor Li ,&nbsp;Ádám Lőrincz ,&nbsp;Zoltán Bátori","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100278","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100278","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Topographic complexity supports the maintenance of a high diversity of microhabitats, which may act as important ‘safe havens’ – or microrefugia – for biodiversity. Microrefugia are sites with specific environmental conditions that facilitate the persistence of species during environmental changes and exhibit unique eco-evolutionary dynamics. However, our knowledge about how topographic complexity and related eco-evolutionary selective forces influence the functional and phylogenetic signatures of species assemblages in microrefugia is very limited. Although the conceptual framework on the systematic integration of plant functional traits into the study of refugia is well established, more empirical studies on functional trait composition and functional diversity in refugia are urgently needed for more effective conservation. Here we analyzed the distribution of various plant functional traits and phylogenetic patterns in microhabitats (south- and north-facing slopes, and bottoms) of 30 large topographic depressions (i.e. doline microrefugia) and microhabitats of the surrounding plateaus in two distant forested karst regions. We found that plant assemblages in the understory of dolines and their surroundings are characterized by unique functional values and combinations of traits. Doline bottoms had the highest functional diversity among doline microhabitats and supported plant assemblages with considerably different trait compositions from the plateaus. Bottoms also had the highest phylogenetic diversity. These results suggest that topographic complexity in forested dolines has a significant effect on the distribution of plant functional traits in the understory. High functional and phylogenetic diversity in doline bottoms can have important consequences for the long-term survival of plant populations, highlighting that these microhabitats may provide a higher resilience and support an adaptive community-level response to natural and anthropogenic stressors. Understanding mechanisms that drive the survival of species within microrefugia is required to determine the best conservation and management strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54270,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecosystems","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100278"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143104353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the heartwood contribution to carbon accumulation in Pinus sylvestris L. trees under different forest site conditions","authors":"Natalia A. Galibina,&nbsp;Kseniya M. Nikerova,&nbsp;Sergey A. Moshnikov,&nbsp;Alexander M. Kryshen","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100274","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100274","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The heartwood (HW) proportion in the trunk of mature trees is an important characteristic not only for wood quality but also for assessing the role of forests in carbon sequestration. We have for the first time studied the proportion of HW in the trunk and the distribution of carbon and extractives in sapwood (SW) and HW of 70–80 year old <em>Pinus sylvestris</em> L. trees under different growing conditions in the pine forests of North-West Russia.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>We have examined the influence of conditions and tree position in stand (dominant, intermediate and suppressed trees) in the ecological series: blueberry pine forest (Blu) – lingonberry pine forest (Lin) – lichen pine forest (Lic). We have analyzed the influence of climate conditions in the biogeographical series of Lin: the middle taiga subzone – the northern taiga subzone – the transition area of the northern taiga subzone and tundra.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>We found that the carbon concentration in HW was 1.6%–3.4% higher than in SW, and the difference depended on growing conditions. Carbon concentration in HW increased with a decrease in stand productivity (Blu-Lin-Lic). In medium-productive stands, the carbon concentration in SW was higher in intermediate and supressed trees compared to dominant trees. In the series from south to north, carbon concentration in HW increased by up to 2%, while in SW, it rose by 2.7%–3.8%.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our results once again emphasized the need for an empirical assessment of the accurate carbon content in aboveground wood biomass, including various forest growing conditions, to better understand the role of boreal forests in carbon storage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54270,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecosystems","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100274"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142720261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drivers and patterns of community completeness suggest that Tuscan Fagus sylvatica forests can naturally have a low plant diversity","authors":"Emanuele Fanfarillo ,&nbsp;Leopoldo de Simone ,&nbsp;Tiberio Fiaschi ,&nbsp;Bruno Foggi ,&nbsp;Antonio Gabellini ,&nbsp;Matilde Gennai ,&nbsp;Simona Maccherini ,&nbsp;Emilia Pafumi ,&nbsp;Enrico Tordoni ,&nbsp;Daniele Viciani ,&nbsp;Giulio Zangari ,&nbsp;Claudia Angiolini","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100276","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100276","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>European beech (<em>Fagus sylvatica</em> L.) forests can have a high variability in plant species richness and abundance, from monospecific stands to highly species-rich communities. To understand what causes the low plant diversity observed in some beech forests, we analyzed the drivers of plant community completeness in 155 vegetation plots. Data were collected in mature, closed-canopy beech forests in Tuscany, central Italy. Site-specific species pools were estimated based on species co-occurrences. We used Generalized Least Squares linear modeling to assess the effects of anthropogenic and environmental drivers on the community completeness of whole communities and on the set of specialist species of beech forests. We also tested the response of the total cover of the herb layer to the selected predictors and related both the predictive and response variables to species composition in a Non-metric Multidimensional Scaling ordination. The community completeness of whole communities and that of beech forest specialists were negatively affected by total beech cover and positively influenced by slope. Moreover, the community completeness of whole communities was negatively impacted by elevation and positively influenced by disturbance frequency. The cover of the herb layer decreased with increasing beech cover, elevation, and precipitation. High community completeness and high cover of the herb layer were associated with the presence of thermophilic species of mixed deciduous woods in low-elevation beech forests. Our results suggest that a low plant community completeness and a low cover of the herb layer are mainly due to the competition by beech itself when it forms pure forests in its ecological optimum. Such competition is better exerted at upper elevations and in sites with low slopes, where beech litter accumulation is a limiting factor for understory species. Such evidence suggests that species absence in mature beech forests is mainly due to natural drivers and should therefore not be considered an indicator of ecological degradation of the forest.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54270,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecosystems","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100276"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142691096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sensitivity of gross primary production and evapotranspiration to heat and drought stress in a young temperate plantation in northern China","authors":"Hongxian Zhao ,&nbsp;Zeyuan Zhou ,&nbsp;Feng Zhang ,&nbsp;Charles P.-A. Bourque ,&nbsp;Xin Jia ,&nbsp;Xinhao Li ,&nbsp;Peng Liu ,&nbsp;Haiqun Yu ,&nbsp;Yun Tian ,&nbsp;Chuan Jin ,&nbsp;Shaorong Hao ,&nbsp;Tianshan Zha","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100275","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100275","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Assessing the sensitivities of ecosystem functions to climatic factors is essential to understanding the response of ecosystems to environmental change. Temperate plantation forests contribute to global greening and climate change mitigation, yet little is known as to the sensitivity of gross primary production (GPP) and evapotranspiration (ET) of these forests to heat and drought stress. Based on near-continuous, eddy-covariance and hydrometeorological data from a young temperate plantation forest in Beijing, China (2012–2019), we used a sliding-window-fitting technique to assess the seasonal and interannual variation in ecosystem sensitivity (i.e., calculated slopes, <em>S</em>_GPP-Ta, <em>S</em>_ET-Ta, <em>S</em>_GPP-EF, and <em>S</em>_ET-EF) in GPP and ET to anomalies in air temperature (<em>T</em>_a) and evaporative fraction (EF). The EF was used here as an indicator of drought. Seasonally, daily <em>S</em>_GPP-Ta, <em>S</em>_ET-Ta, and <em>S</em>_GPP-EF were greatest in summer, reaching maxima of 1.12 ​± ​0.56 ​g ​C·m⁻²·d⁻¹⋅°C⁻¹, 1.36 ​± ​0.56 ​g H₂O·m⁻²·d⁻¹⋅°C⁻¹, and 0.37 ​± ​0.35 ​g ​C·m⁻²·d⁻¹, respectively. Evapotranspiration was constrained by drought, especially during the spring-to-summer period, <em>S</em>_ET-EF reaching −0.51 ​± ​0.34 ​g H₂O·m⁻²·d⁻¹. Variables EF, <em>T</em>_a, soil water content (SWC), vapor pressure deficit (VPD), and precipitation (PPT) were the main controls of sensitivity, with <em>S</em>_GPP-Ta and <em>S</em>_ET-Ta increasing with <em>T</em>_a, VPD, and PPT (&lt;50 ​mm·d⁻¹) during both spring and autumn. Increased drought stress during summer caused the positive response in GPP and ET to decrease with atmospheric warming. Variable <em>S</em>_ET-EF intensified (i.e., became more negative) with decreasing EF and increasing <em>T</em>_a. Interannually, annual <em>S</em>_GPP-Ta and <em>S</em>_ET-Ta were positive, <em>S</em>_GPP-EF near-neutral, and <em>S</em>_ET-EF negative. Interannual variability in <em>S</em>_GPP-Ta, <em>S</em>_ET-Ta, <em>S</em>_ET-EF, and <em>S</em>_GPP-EF was largely due to variations in bulk surface conductance. Our study suggests that the dynamics associated with the sensitivity of ecosystems to changes in climatic factors need to be considered in the management of plantation forests under future global climate change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54270,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecosystems","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100275"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142745694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Site-specific patterns of fine root biomass formation across European coniferous forests","authors":"Yury Karpechko,&nbsp;Anna Karpechko,&nbsp;Andrej Tuyunen","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100269","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100269","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fine roots play a crucial role in the biogeochemical cycles of terrestrial ecosystems. Patterns of fine roots biomass formation for broad geographical areas are still unclear. We use published estimates of characteristics of European pine and spruce stands to determine their productivity and calculate the needle biomass. Then, the relationship between the fine-root:needle biomass ratio of European pine and spruce forests and the stand quality index, which is a proxy of soil fertility, was determined. We show that a rise in soil fertility is accompanied by a decrease in this ratio. Moving from the northern edge of the boreal zone southwards, with the related rise in air and soil temperatures, we see a decline in the mass ratio of fine roots and needle. The change in the fine-root:needle biomass ratio is controlled by the change in specific water uptake by roots, which is related to the osmotic pressure of the solution in the absorbing root's central vascular cylinder. The fine-root:needle ratio does not vary among stands of the same age if the stand quality index and the geographical latitude (a proxy of air and soil temperatures) are constant. These findings may be useful for further in-depth analysis of forest ecosystem functioning in Europe.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54270,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecosystems","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100269"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142691097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Updating the distribution of Nothofagus alessandrii: Impact of deforestation, fragmentation and connectivity","authors":"Antonio M. Cabrera-Ariza ,&nbsp;Carlos A. Rivas ,&nbsp;Miguel Aguilera-Peralta ,&nbsp;Rafael M. Navarro-Cerrillo ,&nbsp;Romulo Santelices-Moya","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100272","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100272","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Nothofagus alessandrii</em> forests in the Mediterranean region of Chile face significant threats from deforestation, fragmentation, wildfires, and climate change. This study investigated the temporal and spatial dynamics of <em>N. alessandrii</em> populations and their implications for habitat fragmentation and connectivity. Using remote sensing data and geographic information system analysis, we assessed deforestation patterns, fragmentation metrics, and connectivity indices for different scenarios between 2009 and 2022. A reduction in the <em>N. alessandrii</em> forest area, extensive fragmentation, and decreased connectivity were observed over time, with wildfires exacerbating these trends. Reforestation simulations showed the potential of targeted restoration efforts to improve connectivity, especially when focusing on proximate patches. However, careful consideration of seed dispersal distances and wildfire risk is essential for effective reforestation planning. Overall, our findings underscore the urgent need for conservation interventions to preserve <em>N. alessandrii</em> forests and their biodiversity in Chile's coastal mountain ecosystems. A proactive and collaborative approach is essential to ensure the survival of these forests for future generations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54270,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecosystems","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100272"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143104351","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dieback of spruce plantations: Deadwood stands and management heterogeneity enhance beetle diversity and habitat connectivity","authors":"Eva Plath,&nbsp;Kim Ehringhausen,&nbsp;Laura Griebel,&nbsp;Leon Martiny,&nbsp;Michel Schmitz,&nbsp;Katharina Schreek,&nbsp;Christoph Thiem,&nbsp;Klaus Fischer","doi":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100271","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.fecs.2024.100271","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Forest ecosystems are important for biodiversity conservation and human societies, but are under pressure due to climate change and human interventions. This applies to natural forests as well as tree plantations. The latter are globally widespread and therefore gaining increasing importance for biodiversity conservation. However, even after dieback due to increasing disturbance frequencies, such plantations are primarily managed for economic returns, leading to growing conflicts among stakeholders. In particular, the impact of forest management on biodiversity is being discussed. This study investigates the effects of five management approaches in a landscape severely affected by spruce (<em>Picea abies</em> L.) dieback on beetle diversity, conservation, and community composition. We considered direct effects of management and indirect effects of environmental parameters separately in ground-dwelling and flight-active beetles. Beetle diversity was strongly affected by forest management, with non-intervention deadwood stands being most beneficial for beetles. In addition, we show indirect effects of environmental factors. In general, parameters related to salvage logging (e.g. open canopies, tree stumps) influenced beetle diversity and conservation negatively, while positive effects were found for soil nutrient availability and plant species richness. Community composition differed strongly among management categories and indicated a lack of landscape connectivity for open habitat species, as we found only low proportions of such species even on salvage-logged sites. We propose a mixture of management approaches after bark beetle outbreaks, including a substantial proportion of non-intervention deadwood stands, to increase landscape heterogeneity and connectivity. This may increase overall biodiversity while addressing the concerns of both forestry and species conservation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54270,"journal":{"name":"Forest Ecosystems","volume":"12 ","pages":"Article 100271"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2024-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143104279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}