Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery最新文献

{"title":"White matter microstructural alterations are associated with cognitive decline in benzodiazepine use disorders: a multi-shell diffusion magnetic resonance imaging study.","authors":"Meizhi Yi, Tianyao Wang, Xun Li, Yihong Jiang, Yan Wang, Luokai Zhang, Wen Chen, Jun Hu, Huiting Wu, Yang Zhou, Guanghua Luo, Jun Liu, Hong Zhou","doi":"10.21037/qims-24-1516","DOIUrl":"10.21037/qims-24-1516","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Benzodiazepine use disorders (BUDs) have become a public health issue that cannot be ignored. We aimed to demonstrate that patients with BUDs might undergo changes in white matter (WM) integrity, which are related to impaired cognitive function.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI), neurite orientation dispersion and density imaging (NODDI), and mean apparent propagator (MAP) to observe changes in WM structure from 29 patients with sleep disorders with BUD (SDBUD), 33 patients with sleep disorders with non-BUD (SDNBUD), and 25 healthy participants. We also compared the diagnostic performance of the diffusion metrics and models in predicting the status of BUDs and evaluated the relationship between WM changes and cognitive impairment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>BUD was closely associated with WM damage in the corpus callosum (CC) and pontine crossing tract (PCT). There were 14 main diffusion metrics that could be used to predict BUD status (P=0.001-0.023). DTI, DKI, NODDI, and MAP had similar satisfactory performance for predicting BUD status (P=0.001-0.021). Pearson correlation analysis showed a close relationship between the Trail Making Test B (TMT-B) and DTI/NODDI metrics in the splenium of the CC and PCT and between the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and MAP metrics in the splenium of the CC in the SDBUD group (P=0.008-0.040).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings provide evidence for the neurobiological mechanism of benzodiazepine addiction and a novel method for the clinical diagnosis of BUDs.</p>","PeriodicalId":54267,"journal":{"name":"Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery","volume":"15 3","pages":"2076-2093"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11948404/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143755980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preoperative three-dimensional simulation and clinical evaluation of <i>in-situ</i> bone harvesting in anterior cervical discectomy and fusion surgery.","authors":"Chong Chen, Yifan Chen, Yongyu Ye, Guoyan Liang, Wenlin Ye, Yuhui Yang, Yunbing Chang","doi":"10.21037/qims-24-1726","DOIUrl":"10.21037/qims-24-1726","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The supplemental harvesting of <i>in-situ</i> bone obtained from cervical vertebrae as cage-filling material in anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) results in a good fusion outcome. This study aimed to further quantitatively evaluate the obtainable bone volume and clinical outcomes of cervical <i>in-situ</i> autogenous bone grafting based on a three-dimensional (3D) preoperative simulation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study included 78 patients who underwent single-level ACDF. Prior to the surgical procedure, a 3D simulated surgery was performed by constructing several cutting planes in the cervical vertebrae based on Mimics software. The volumes of the harvested <i>in-situ</i> bone graft, including the anterior lip, posterior osteophytes, and Luschka's joint volumes, were measured during the simulated surgery. Immediate postoperative computed tomography (CT) scans were performed to evaluate the efficacy of the preoperative planning. During the postoperative follow-up period, the neurological function and cervical fusion state were also evaluated.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average volume of the cage's bone graft groove was 373.1±74.4 mm³, which was lower than that calculated in the preoperative planning (501.6±179.6 mm³, P<0.001). In 88.5% (69/78) of the simulated surgery cases, the harvested bone met the volume of the cage's bone graft groove, aligning with the intraoperative scenario. Male patients, elderly patients, patients with lower surgical segments, and patients with higher-grade facet joint degeneration had a more sufficient availability of <i>in-situ</i> autologous bone. The mean follow-up time was 18.02±4.9 months. At the final follow-up, the pain and functional status scores of the patients had improved significantly following surgery (P<0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Preoperative planning for ACDF using Mimics software was shown to be both feasible and accurate. The 3D simulated surgery revealed that the majority of patients could supply a sufficient volume of cervical autologous bone for intraoperative grafting. The comprehensive analysis of the <i>in-situ</i> bone harvesting in ACDF provided precise reference data for the clinical implementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":54267,"journal":{"name":"Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery","volume":"15 3","pages":"1741-1752"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11948444/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143755992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automatic computed tomography image segmentation method for liver tumor based on a modified tokenized multilayer perceptron and attention mechanism.","authors":"Bo Yang, Jie Zhang, Youlong Lyu, Jun Zhang","doi":"10.21037/qims-24-2132","DOIUrl":"10.21037/qims-24-2132","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The automatic medical image segmentation of liver and tumor plays a pivotal role in the clinical diagnosis of liver diseases. A number of effective methods based on deep neural networks, including convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and vision transformer (ViT) have been developed. However, these networks primarily focus on enhancing segmentation accuracy while often overlooking the segmentation speed, which is vital for rapid diagnosis in clinical settings. Therefore, we aimed to develop an automatic computed tomography (CT) image segmentation method for liver tumors that reduces inference time while maintaining accuracy, as rigorously validated through experimental studies.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We developed a U-shaped network enhanced by a multiscale attention module and attention gates, aimed at efficient CT image segmentation of liver tumors. In this network, a modified tokenized multilayer perceptron (MLP) block is first leveraged to reduce the feature dimensions and facilitate information interaction between adjacent patches so that the network can learn the key features of tumors with less computational complexity. Second, attention gates are added into the skip connections between the encoder and decoder, emphasizing feature expression in relevant regions and enabling the network to focus more on liver tumor features. Finally, a multiscale attention mechanism autonomously adjusts weights for each scale, allowing the network to adapt effectively to varying sizes of liver tumors. Our methodology was validated via the Liver Tumor Segmentation 2017 (LiTS17) public dataset. The data from this database are from seven global clinical sites. All data are anonymized, and the images have been prescreened to ensure the absence of personal identifiers. Standard metrics were used to evaluate the performance of the model.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The 21 cases were included for testing. The proposed network attained a Dice score of 0.713 [95% confidence interval (CI): 0.592-0.834], a volumetric overlap error of 0.39 (95% CI: 0.17-0.61), a relative volume difference score of 0.19 (95% CI: -0.37 to 0.31), an average symmetric surface distance of 2.04 mm (95% CI: 0.89-4.19), a maximum surface distance of 9.42 mm (95% CI: 6.97-19.87), and an inference time of 26 ms on average for liver tumor segmentation.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The proposed network demonstrated efficient liver tumor segmentation performance with less inference time. Our findings contribute to the application of neural networks in rapid clinical diagnosis and treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":54267,"journal":{"name":"Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery","volume":"15 3","pages":"2385-2404"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11948385/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143755949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A multiparameter diagnostic model based on 2-[¹⁸F]FDG PET/CT metabolic parameters and clinical variables can differentiate high-risk and non-high-risk pediatric neuroblastoma under the revised Children's Oncology Group classification system.","authors":"Yanfeng Xu, Yukun Si, Jun Liu, Siqi Li, Wei Wang, Guanyun Wang, Jigang Yang","doi":"10.21037/qims-24-1111","DOIUrl":"10.21037/qims-24-1111","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>It is crucial to assist neuroblastoma (NB) pediatric patients in accurate risk stratification based on the revised Children's Oncology Group (COG) classification system through non-invasive examinations. This study assessed the diagnostic efficacy of integrating multiparametric 2-[¹⁸F]fluoro-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (2-[18F]FDG PET/CT) metabolic parameters with clinical variables to differentiate between high- and non-high-risk pediatric NB according to the revised COG classification system.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A retrospective study was conducted involving a total of 89 pediatric NB patients, including 71 high-risk and 18 non-high-risk patients, who underwent pre-treatment 2-[¹⁸F]FDG PET/CT imaging. All patients were confirmed by pathology, and clinical variables were collected. The metabolic parameters of 2-[¹⁸F]FDG PET/CT were evaluated, including maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax), mean standard uptake value (SUVmean), metabolic tumor volume (MTV) and total lesion glycolysis (TLG). The differences in diagnostic efficacy were evaluated by comparing the differences between receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. The DeLong test, integrated discrimination improvement (IDI), and net reclassification improvement (NRI) were utilized to assess the enhancement in diagnostic performance. The clinical utility of the diagnostic model was evaluated through decision curve analysis (DCA).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The ROC curve analysis of TLG showed the highest differentiating diagnostic value [sensitivity =0.620, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.496-0.730; specificity =0.833, 95% CI: 0.577-0.956; area under the curve (AUC) 0.764, 95% CI: 0.648-0.881; cut-off =234.70] among metabolic parameters of 2-[¹⁸F]FDG PET/CT. After multivariate forward stepwise logistic regression (LR) analysis, the combined diagnostics model of age, gender, the International Neuroblastoma Risk Group Staging System (INRGSS) stage (L1/L2 <i>vs</i>. M/MS) and TLG resulted in the highest AUC of 0.932 (95% CI: 0.867-0.998; sensitivity =0.901, 95% CI: 0.802-0.956; specificity =0.889, 95% CI: 0.604-0.978). Compared to TLG, the diagnostic efficiency of the model demonstrated a significant improvement [Z=3.089, P<0.001; IDI =0.388, P<0.001; NRI (categorical) =0.736, P<0.001]. The DCA further validated the clinical efficacy of the model.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The multiparameter diagnosis model based on 2-[¹⁸F]FDG PET/CT metabolic parameters and clinical parameters had excellent value in the differential diagnosis of high- and non-high-risk pediatric NB under the revised COG classification system.</p>","PeriodicalId":54267,"journal":{"name":"Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery","volume":"15 3","pages":"2094-2105"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11948436/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143755852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The association between emphysema detected on computed tomography and increased risk of lung cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.","authors":"Jiahao Shen, Chen Gao, Xinjing Lou, Ting Pan, Shenghan Wang, Zhengnan Xu, Linyu Wu, Maosheng Xu","doi":"10.21037/qims-24-1879","DOIUrl":"10.21037/qims-24-1879","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), and emphysema share common pathophysiological mechanisms, including diffuse chronic inflammation within lung tissue, oxidative stress, and lung destruction. This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of computed tomography (CT) imaging in predicting the risk of lung cancer development in patients with emphysema and COPD.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The databases of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were searched to identify studies examining the relationship between CT-detected emphysema, COPD, and the risk of developing lung malignancy. The severity of emphysema (from trace to severe) was assessed visually and quantitatively on CT. COPD severity was classified from Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) I to GOLD IV. Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies, version 2 (QUADAS-2) was used to assess risk of bias in the included studies. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) with their corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for overall and stratified analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 6,114 studies screened, 12 (22,190 patients) were included. The overall pooled OR for lung cancer associated with CT-defined emphysema was 2.45 (95% CI: 2.01-2.99). In studies employing CT-based evaluation methods, the pooled OR for lung cancer was comparable between visual assessment (2.37; 95% CI: 1.93-2.80) and quantitative assessment (2.38; 95% CI: 1.85-3.05). The risk of lung cancer demonstrated a positive correlation with disease severity in both emphysema and COPD cases.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CT-defined emphysema was linked to an elevated risk of lung cancer, which was observed across various assessments. Moreover, the severity of COPD was found also to be a risk factor for the development of lung cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":54267,"journal":{"name":"Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery","volume":"15 3","pages":"2193-2208"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11948427/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143755685","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The semiquantitative assessment of metacarpal head cartilage damage in rheumatoid arthritis via ultrahigh frequency ultrasound.","authors":"Xiu Zheng, Bihui Zhu, Yuanjiao Tang, Xinyi Tang, Min Li, Bingjie Liu, Li Qiu","doi":"10.21037/qims-24-1539","DOIUrl":"10.21037/qims-24-1539","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic autoimmune inflammatory disease characterized by proliferative synovitis. Articular cartilage damage is an early stage of joint damage and is difficult to repair as the disease progresses, exerting a severely negative impact on the quality of life of patients with RA. In early RA, the vulnerable areas include the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint, proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint, and the wrist. Metacarpal head (MH) cartilage damage appears to be prevalent in the second and third fingers on the semiquantitative assessment of MCP 2-5 cartilage in patients with RA, but the specific portions of cartilage damaged in each of these sections has not been examined. Moreover, few studies have compared the efficacy of the two scoring methods in assessing RA cartilage via ultrahigh frequency ultrasound (UHFUS). The aim of this study was to investigate the common sites of MH cartilage damage in patients with RA and compare various semiquantitative scoring methods for evaluating MH cartilage in patients with RA using UHFUS.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this cross-sectional study, a total of 2,200 dorsal cartilages of the MH in 110 patients with RA and 110 healthy controls were included and scanned in both the transverse and longitudinal sections via UHFUS. Cartilage damage in the MH was assessed using the three- and five-grade semiquantitative scoring systems. The Cochran Q test was used to evaluate the various damage locations, and the chi-square test was employed to compare the positive detection rates of the two scoring techniques. The correlation between semiquantitative evaluation results and clinical and laboratory indicators was determined via Spearman correlation analysis.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Rate of impairment on the five-grade scoring system was higher than that on the three-grade scoring system. The rate of impairment on the five-grade scoring system of the transverse and longitudinal sections was 24.18% and 17.00%, respectively. The rate of impairment on three-grade scoring system of the transverse and longitudinal sections was 18.18% and 13.18%, respectively. Additionally, cartilage damage was more common in the transverse sections than in the longitudinal sections, with the most commonly afflicted regions being the ulnar side of the transverse sections and the distal side of the longitudinal sections. The rate of cartilage damage on the ulnar and distal side was 7.20% and 6.30%, respectively. Cartilage damage was weakly positively correlated with age, duration of disease, weight, body mass index (BMI), C-reactive protein (CRP), and Disease Activity Score 28 (DAS28) using CRP.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The five-grade semiquantitative scoring system for UHFUS demonstrated reliability for detecting MH cartilage damage in RA. The MCP cartilage of the ulnar and distal sides are particularly susceptible to injury.</p>","PeriodicalId":54267,"journal":{"name":"Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery","volume":"15 3","pages":"1927-1937"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11948411/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143755718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A coordinate registration-based structured magnetic resonance imaging reporting method for nasopharyngeal carcinoma: a preliminary study.","authors":"Shanshan Liu, Yifei Liu, Qiong Gong, Haojiang Li, Shixin Yang, Lizhi Liu, Hongbo Chen","doi":"10.21037/qims-24-1127","DOIUrl":"10.21037/qims-24-1127","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Current reporting methods for nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) imaging are typically limited to binary descriptions of whether tumors invade specific anatomical structures. This approach is coarse and fails to capture precise invasion details necessary for improved clinical decision-making. Research on structured reporting methods for NPC that capture fine-grained invasion details is limited. In this study, we analyzed voxelwise invasion rate (VIR) based on the coordinate system registration and proposed a new preliminary method for automatic generation of structured reporting with quantitative information for NPC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A dataset of magnetic resonance images from 778 patients, collected from a cancer center, was registered to a nasopharyngeal coordinate system constructed based on anatomical for further analysis. The VIR of the structures was calculated based on the overlapping voxels of nasopharyngeal tumor region of interest (ROI) and the ROI of typical anatomical structures to obtain a preliminary structured report of the magnetic resonance images of NPC. The binarized VIR results, thresholded by the receiver operating characteristic curve Youden index, were compared with the physician's manual fine-reading reports to verify their accuracy and to analyze the metric parameters of the patients' structured reports.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The proposed structured reporting method for NPC achieved an average accuracy of 81.1% on 20 anatomical structures, and a specificity of 85.8% and an average area under the curve (AUC) of 0.791. Then, a preliminary structured reporting scheme for tumor invasion was designed to automatically generate clinical structured reports.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The VIR method provides a novel framework for structured magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) reporting of NPC, offering a more practical and quantitative approach to tumor invasion analysis. This advancement has significant potential for improving the automation and clinical utility of structured reporting in NPC diagnosis and management.</p>","PeriodicalId":54267,"journal":{"name":"Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery","volume":"15 3","pages":"2444-2456"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11948429/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143755831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The value of intrarenal resistive index in delayed graft function after kidney transplantation.","authors":"Yimin Guo, Yujia Yang, Shu Luo, Yelei Ren, Hongyan Chen, Yanrong Yang, Shuhua Shi, Lichuan Yang, Yongzhong Li, Jiaojiao Zhou","doi":"10.21037/qims-24-1530","DOIUrl":"10.21037/qims-24-1530","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>For patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), it is crucial to detect delayed graft function (DGF) promptly after kidney transplantation; however, the application value of ultrasound as a non-invasive monitoring method has not yet been studied. Therefore, our study compared the ultrasound results between a DGF group and a normal graft function (NGF) group to explore the application value of ultrasound-related parameters, especially renal resistive index (RI), in diagnosing DGF.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This was a single-center retrospective study. We analyzed the clinical data of patients who underwent kidney transplantation at West China Hospital of Sichuan University from 1 July 2019 to 1 April 2023, and collected all patients' demographic information, clinical test results, and ultrasound parameters on Doppler ultrasound (DUS). According to the definition of DGF, all patients were divided into either the DGF group or the NGF group.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Our study enrolled 225 patients (DGF group, n=115; NGF group, n=110), including 153 men and 72 women, with a mean age of 38.4±11.6 years. Compared with the NGF group, the body mass index (BMI), serum urea nitrogen (SUN), serum creatinine (SCr), cystatin C (Cys-C), and uric acid (UA) in the DGF group were significantly higher, and the albumin (ALB) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) in DGF group were lower (P<0.05). The results of ultrasound parameters' comparison showed that the renal RI of the DGF patients was significantly higher compared with that of the NGF patients (P<0.05), and the renal artery RI measured ≥48 hours after kidney transplantation was higher than that measured <48 hours (P<0.05). Additionally, the area under the curve (AUC) of the RI measured ≥48 hours after kidney transplantation was generally larger, which revealed significantly better performance for DGF.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Increased RI may be a predictor to indicate the occurrence of DGF, which can help clinicians in early recognition of DGF and improve long-term graft survival.</p>","PeriodicalId":54267,"journal":{"name":"Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery","volume":"15 3","pages":"2065-2075"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11948422/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143755843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Image quality, diagnostic performance of reduced-dose abdominal CT with artificial intelligence model-based iterative reconstruction for colorectal liver metastasis: a prospective cohort study.","authors":"Qian-Sai Qiu, Xiao-Shan Chen, Wen-Tao Wang, Jia-Hui Wang, Cheng Yan, Min Ji, San-Yuan Dong, Meng-Su Zeng, Sheng-Xiang Rao","doi":"10.21037/qims-24-1570","DOIUrl":"10.21037/qims-24-1570","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The optimization of regularization strategies in computed tomography (CT) iterative reconstruction may allow for a reduced dose (RD) without compromising image quality, thus the diagnostic ability of RD imaging must be considered, especially for low-contrast lesions. In this study, we evaluated the image quality and diagnostic performance of 50% RD CT for low-contrast colorectal liver metastasis (CRLM) with artificial intelligence model-based iterative reconstruction (AIIR) and standard-dose (SD) CT with hybrid iterative reconstruction (HIR).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this prospective study, consecutive participants with pathologically proven colorectal cancer and suspected liver metastases who underwent portal venous phase CT scans both at SD and RD between June and November 2022 were included. All images were reconstructed by HIR and AIIR. Two radiologists detected and characterized liver lesions with RD HIR, SD HIR, and RD AIIR and scored the image quality. The contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) for metastases were recorded. The diagnostic performance for CRLM of each reconstruction algorithm was analyzed and compared using the receiver operating characteristic curve and the area under the curves (AUC).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 56 participants with 422 liver lesions were recruited. The mean volume CT dose indices of the SD and RD scans were 9.5 and 4.8 mGy. RD AIIR exhibited superior subjective image quality and higher CNR for liver metastases than did RD/SD HIR. In all liver lesions and lesions ≤10 mm, the detection rates of RD AIIR (83.3% and 71.5%) were both significantly higher than those of RD HIR (76.3% and 62.4%; P=0.002 and P=0.003); meanwhile, they were similar to those of SD HIR (81.4% and 69.6%; P=0.307 and P=0.515). The AUCs of RD AIIR for all liver lesions and lesions ≤10 mm (0.858 and 0.764) were greater than those of RD HIR (0.781 and 0.661; P<0.001) and were similar to those of SD HIR (0.863 and 0.762; P=0.616 and 0.845).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>AIIR can improve CT image quality at 50% RD while preserving diagnostic performance and confidence for low-contrast CRLM in all lesions and lesions ≤10 mm and may thus serve as a promising tool for follow-up monitoring in patients with colorectal cancer while inflicting less radiation damage.</p>","PeriodicalId":54267,"journal":{"name":"Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery","volume":"15 3","pages":"2106-2118"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11948387/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143755878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of antihypertensive treatment on myocardial mechanics in elderly hypertensive patients with different left ventricular geometry patterns: a two-dimensional speckle-tracking echocardiography study.","authors":"Xiaoyan Kang, Jiayu Zhang, Junyu Liu, Junwang Miao, Shuai Li, Chunsong Kang, Jiping Xue","doi":"10.21037/qims-24-1419","DOIUrl":"10.21037/qims-24-1419","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Hypertension can cause left ventricular remodeling, and the degree of myocardial mechanical damage is different in patients with different geometries. Antihypertensive treatment can improve myocardial mechanics, but the improvement in myocardial mechanics in hypertensive patients with different geometries is not clear. This study aimed to assess the impact of antihypertensive therapy on myocardial mechanics in elderly patients diagnosed with primary hypertension, considering diverse left ventricular geometry patterns.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study conducted a retrospective cohort analysis by randomly selecting 221 elderly patients diagnosed with primary hypertension from the outpatient department of Bethune Hospital in Shanxi Province, between January and June 2017. In this study, we included 191 elderly hypertensive patients (mean age 67.71±3.26 years, 98 women) who had successfully attained the target blood pressure levels through the administration of antihypertensive medications. The participants were stratified into distinct left ventricular geometry categories, namely normal geometry (NG; 54 cases), concentric remodeling (CR; 42 cases), eccentric hypertrophy (EH; 41 cases), and concentric hypertrophy (CH; 54 cases). The four groups were compared in terms of the global longitudinal strain (GLS) and its changes at baseline and 12 and 24 months after antihypertensive therapy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The baseline GLS exhibited a gradual decrease in the following sequence: NG, CR, EH, and CH groups (all P<0.05). GLS demonstrated improvement in the CR, EH, and CH groups after 12 and 24 months of treatment; the GLS of CR group changed from -19.65%±1.27% to -20.72%±2.06%, then to -21.25%±1.99%; EH group changed from -18.76%±1.39% to -20.57%±1.75%, then to -21.37%±1.88%; CH group increased from -17.51%±1.42% to -20.04%±2.17%, then to -20.81%±2.51% (all P<0.05). After 24 months of treatment, GLS in the NG group improved from -20.84%±1.36% at baseline to -21.90%±1.99% (P<0.05). Within the CR, EH, and CH groups, the improvement in GLS (∆GLS) following 12 months of treatment exceeded ∆GLS between 12 months and 24 months of treatment (all P<0.05). ∆GLS after 12 months of treatment progressively increased in the order of NG, CR, EH, and CH groups (all P<0.05), while ∆GLS between 12 and 24 months of treatment exhibited similarity across the four groups (P>0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The degree of myocardial mechanical damage is different in elderly primary hypertensive patients with different left ventricular geometries. After antihypertensive treatment, the myocardial mechanical damage continues to improve in all groups, and the concentric hypertrophy group had the most significant improvement.</p>","PeriodicalId":54267,"journal":{"name":"Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery","volume":"15 3","pages":"1862-1872"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11948423/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143755903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}