Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery最新文献

{"title":"Current practice and perceptions of multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging and multiparametric ultrasound and prostatic biopsies for prostate cancer diagnosis in China: a nationwide survey.","authors":"Fawei He, Xueqing Cheng, Jingqiao Yuan, Ziyue Hu, Hong Liao, Yi Wu, Peng Zhou, Man Lu, Jinshun Xu","doi":"10.21037/qims-24-1834","DOIUrl":"10.21037/qims-24-1834","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Recently, multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) and multiparametric ultrasound (mpUS) have been developed to improve prostate cancer (PCa) detection. This study aimed to investigate practice patterns and perceptions among clinicians regarding the use of mpMRI and mpUS as well as prostatic biopsies for PCa diagnosis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a national survey via an online questionnaire among urologists, radiologists, and sonographers. The survey collected information on participants' knowledge, routine practices, and perceptions of prostate mpMRI and mpUS, as well as prostatic biopsies. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to identify specialists' characteristics associated with survey responses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>There were 354 responses from 144 hospitals were received. The majority (71.4%) of participants performed mpMRI for PCa diagnosis, while a small proportion (15.3%) of them used mpUS. The transperineal ultrasound-guided approach for systematic prostate biopsy was considered as preferable (47.2%). For targeted biopsy, cognitive fusion imaging (71.2%) and MRI-US fusion imaging (62.1%) were clearly favored. Compared with participants in community practices and from central-west region of China, those in academic practices and from east region of China were more likely to report utilization of mpMRI [odds ratio (OR) =2.08 and OR =0.19] and mpUS (OR =0.04 and OR =0.33) and recommendation of MRI targeted biopsy (OR =1.50 and OR =0.15) (P<0.05 in all).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The majority of specialists perceived that mpMRI was routinely used, while only a small proportion of them reported the use of mpUS in clinical practice. Participants in academic practices and from east region of China had greater self-reported use of mpMRI and mpUS and recommendation of MRI targeted biopsy.</p>","PeriodicalId":54267,"journal":{"name":"Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery","volume":"15 5","pages":"4629-4640"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12084718/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144095837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep learning-based key point detection algorithm assisting vessel centerline extraction.","authors":"Xiqian Zhang, Wanqing Sun, Hui Zhang, Long Yang, Xiong Yang, Yufei Mao, Chengcheng Zhu, Zhang Shi, Jia Gu, Juan Pan, Guanxun Cheng, Xin Liu, Fei Feng, Na Zhang","doi":"10.21037/qims-24-1949","DOIUrl":"10.21037/qims-24-1949","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Vessel centerline extraction assists in the quantitative analysis of plaque. Current algorithms generate significant errors for tortuous vessels, leading to inaccurate centerline extraction. This study proposed a key point detection algorithm to assist in vessel centerline extraction for the further quantitative analysis of plaque.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A total of 539 patients with cerebrovascular disease from multiple centers were enrolled in this retrospective study. All the patients underwent 3.0-T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scans. Based on the experimental experience of radiologists and clinical requirements, 32 key points were chosen, including the carotid siphon, tiny vessels, and vessel bifurcations. Accurate point detection can improve the accuracy of centerline detection. The evaluation indices included the number of undetected points (undetected_num), the number of erroneously detected points (errodetected_num), and the accuracy of each point (pointacc). The average centerline distance (ACD) was used to evaluate the improvement in centerline extraction.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average accuracy of the algorithm in detecting of the 32 points was 88.99%, and the algorithm had an accuracy exceeding 90% for 18 of these points. The accuracy of the algorithm at the sharp bend of the carotid siphon section reached 97%. The accuracy of the algorithm in detecting the points in the internal carotid artery and middle cerebral artery was 95.4%. Using the key point detection algorithm, the ACD for the right carotid artery was reduced to 0.484±0.321 mm but was 0.529±0.334 mm without the key point detection algorithm. The time required to detect the 32 key points was reduced from 319.843±6.434 to 2.046±0.315 seconds when the algorithm was used.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The proposed algorithm was able to automatically and accurately detect the 32 key points, especially those in the internal carotid artery and middle cerebral artery, improving vessel centerline extraction accuracy, and thus assisting in plaque assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":54267,"journal":{"name":"Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery","volume":"15 5","pages":"4515-4526"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12082607/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144095840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Endovascular treatment of total internal carotid artery occlusion caused by a carotid web: a case description and literature analysis.","authors":"Sang Yeon Kim, Hyo Sung Kwak","doi":"10.21037/qims-2024-2483","DOIUrl":"10.21037/qims-2024-2483","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54267,"journal":{"name":"Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery","volume":"15 5","pages":"4853-4858"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12082606/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144095428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Hematomas after coughing: a case description of vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome.","authors":"Tianchen Guo, Yue Dang, Xiaohang Liu, Jing Zhang, Lu Zhang, Tienan Zhu","doi":"10.21037/qims-24-2080","DOIUrl":"10.21037/qims-24-2080","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54267,"journal":{"name":"Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery","volume":"15 5","pages":"4864-4867"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12082586/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144095614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Segmentation of hippocampal subregion via 5-Tesla magnetic resonance imaging: a comparative study.","authors":"Lixian Zou, Yijun Zhou, Shuo Chen, Jun Ni, Ye Li, Dong Liang, Xin Liu, Yining Wang, Hairong Zheng","doi":"10.21037/qims-24-2169","DOIUrl":"10.21037/qims-24-2169","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Small voxel sizes in two-dimensional (2D) hippocampal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) facilitate subfield segmentation. However, thinner slices remain challenging despite the advancements in in-plane resolution due to the tradeoffs in image quality. A higher signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) at 5 Tesla (T) compared to 3 T could enable thinner slices; however, the effects of changes in tissue contrast and inhomogeneous B1 variation may be weaken the SNR and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR). However, the effectiveness of current automatic segmentation tools in handling 5-T images, particularly for thinner slices, remains to be fully elucidated. This study thus aimed to assess hippocampus image quality improvement from 3 to 5 T and to evaluate the autosegmentation of the hippocampal subregion on 5 T with different slice thicknesses.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This prospective study included 28 healthy participants (14 females, with a mean age of 31.8±8.96 years). T2-weighted series with 2-, 1-, and 0.7-mm slice thicknesses were acquired on 3 T and 5T. CNR, SNR, and visual scores of the molecular layer were compared. Hippocampal subregions were segmented with 5-T data using FreeSurfer and HippUnfold toolboxes. Dice coefficients of stratum radiatum, lacunosum, and moleculare (SRLM) were compared between FreeSurfer and HippUnfold. Fleiss' Kappa, the Kruskal-Wallis test, and the pairwise Wilcoxon signed-rank test were used for statistical analyses, with a P value <0.05 being considered statistically significant.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>SNR, CNR, and visual scores were higher on 5 T than on 3 T at the same slice thickness. The SNR of the 1-mm T2 images on 5 T was comparable to that of 2-mm images on 3 T, and the CNR of the 0.7-mm images on 5 T was comparable to that of the 2-mm images on 3 T. With a reduction in slice thickness, the Dice coefficients of SRLM between HippUnfold and manual segmentation increased, while those between FreeSurfer and manual segmentation decreased.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The 5-T magnetic resonance system offers higher SNR and CNR values for hippocampal imaging as compared to 3-T imaging. A slice thickness of 0.7-1 mm is recommended for 2D T2-weighted imaging. However, in the selection of automatic segmentation tools for hippocampal subregions, caution is advised if the slice thickness is less than 2 mm.</p>","PeriodicalId":54267,"journal":{"name":"Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery","volume":"15 5","pages":"3861-3874"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12084766/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144095683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of computed tomography-imaged common iliac vein compression with inferior vena cava thrombosis: a propensity score-matched analysis.","authors":"Maofeng Gong, Rui Jiang, Jie Kong, Zhengli Liu, Boxiang Zhao, Xu He, Jianping Gu, Zhengcan Wu","doi":"10.21037/qims-24-1831","DOIUrl":"10.21037/qims-24-1831","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Investigating the association between common iliac vein (CIV) compression and inferior vena cava (IVC) thrombosis could have important clinical implications, such as a potential reduction in the use of IVC filters in low-risk patients and guidance for decision-making in thrombosis management. This study aimed to clarify the impact of the CIV compression degree on the incidence of IVC thrombosis in patients with lower extremity deep vein thrombosis (DVT).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This single-center, retrospective study was performed between January 2015 and July 2023. A total of 391 eligible patients (mean age 60.42±16.67 years; 53.96% male) were included. The quantitative evaluation included the minimum diameter of the CIV, and the compression percentage was calculated on computed tomography venography. Univariable analysis and subsequent multivariable analysis, as well as propensity score matching (PSM), were used to analyze odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). The association between IVC thrombosis and CIV compression on a continuous scale was evaluated via restricted cubic splines (RCSs).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Iliofemoral DVT and a larger minimum diameter were associated with an increased risk of IVC thrombosis, whereas older age and a higher compression percentage were linked to a decreased risk. After adjustments for age, male sex, hypertension, and iliofemoral DVT via PSM, the statistically significant associations of CIV minimum diameter (adjusted OR =1.10, 95% CI: 1.02-1.18; P<0.01) with compression percentage (adjusted OR =0.99, 95% CI: 0.98-0.99; P<0.01) and IVC thrombosis remained. A reduced risk of IVC thrombosis was significantly associated with moderate compression (OR =0.36; 95% CI: 0.17-0.78; P=0.01) and severe compression (OR =0.14; 95% CI: 0.05-0.42; P<0.01). The RCS analysis revealed that a smaller minimum diameter or greater compression percentage was associated with a continuously decreasing IVC thrombosis risk when the minimum diameter was <5.04 mm or compression was >49.81%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Compared with no or mild compression, moderate and severe CIV compression was associated with a reduced risk of IVC thrombosis. A higher CIV compression degree was consistently associated with a decreased IVC thrombosis risk when the minimum diameter was <5.04 mm or when the compression was >49.81%.</p>","PeriodicalId":54267,"journal":{"name":"Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery","volume":"15 5","pages":"4193-4203"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12084731/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144095749","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative analysis of different biopsy techniques for pancreatic lesions in diagnostic value, safety, and cost-effectiveness.","authors":"Wuyongga Bao, Keyu Zeng, Jiayan Huang, Boyang Yu, Zehui Gou, Qiang Lu","doi":"10.21037/qims-2024-2670","DOIUrl":"10.21037/qims-2024-2670","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Pancreatic cancer is highly lethal and often diagnosed at an advanced stage, highlighting the need for early and accurate diagnosis. Although imaging plays a crucial role, definitive pathological confirmation requires biopsy. Percutaneous ultrasound-guided core needle biopsy (US-CNB), computed tomography-guided core needle biopsy (CT-CNB), and endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) are the three main biopsy techniques, each differing in diagnostic accuracy, safety, and cost-effectiveness. The aim of this study was to compare the diagnostic value, safety, and cost-effectiveness of these three biopsy techniques for suspiciously malignant pancreatic lesions.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We retrospectively evaluated patients with suspicious malignant pancreatic lesions who underwent US-CNB, CT-CNB, or EUS-FNA from January 2018 to January 2023. We compared technical success rates, sample adequacy, diagnostic accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and complication rates of three groups. Additionally, we calculated the cost/effectiveness ratio (C/E) and incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) for each method.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 399 patients were enrolled (US-CNB, n=86; CT-CNB, n=55; EUS-FNA, n=258), achieving 100% technical success. Sample adequacy satisfaction rates were 97.70% for US-CNB, 90.90% for CT-CNB, and 74.03% for EUS-FNA, with EUS-FNA significantly lower compared to the other two methods (P<0.001). Diagnostic accuracy was significantly higher for US-CNB (97.70%) and CT-CNB (90.90%) compared to EUS-FNA (69.80%) (P<0.001). Complication rates were 15.12% for US-CNB, 16.36% for CT-CNB, and 10.47% for EUS-FNA, with no significant differences (P=0.319). Compared to EUS-FNA, ICER for US-CNB was -14,367.7 yuan and for CT-CNB was -8,279.22 yuan per correct diagnosis, both below the willingness-to-pay threshold.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>US-CNB and CT-CNB demonstrate superior diagnostic accuracy and specimen adequacy compared to EUS-FNA for suspected malignant pancreatic lesions. There are no significant differences in postoperative complication rates among three biopsy methods. In terms of cost-effectiveness, US-CNB and CT-CNB have lower costs and higher effectiveness than EUS-FNA, indicating greater economic efficiency.</p>","PeriodicalId":54267,"journal":{"name":"Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery","volume":"15 5","pages":"4375-4386"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12084684/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144095765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of test-retest repeatability of DESPOT and 3D-QALAS for T₁ and T₂ mapping.","authors":"Gizeaddis Lamesgin Simegn, Borjan Gagoski, Yulu Song, Douglas C Dean, Kathleen E Hupfeld, Saipavitra Murali-Manohar, Christopher W Davies-Jenkins, Dunja Simicic, Shohei Fujita, Jessica Wisnowski, Vivek Yedavalli, Aaron T Gudmundson, Helge J Zöllner, Georg Oeltzschner, Richard A E Edden","doi":"10.21037/qims-24-1870","DOIUrl":"10.21037/qims-24-1870","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;Relaxometry, specifically T&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and T&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; mapping, has become an essential technique for assessing the properties of biological tissues related to various physiological and pathological conditions. Many techniques are being used to estimate T&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and T&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; relaxation times, ranging from the traditional inversion or saturation recovery and spin-echo sequences to more advanced methods. Choosing the appropriate method for a specific application is critical since the precision and accuracy of T&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and T&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; measurements are influenced by a variety of factors including the pulse sequence and its parameters, the inherent properties of the tissue being examined, the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) hardware, and the image reconstruction. The aim of this cohort study is to evaluate and compare the test-retest repeatability of two advanced MRI relaxometry techniques: Driven Equilibrium Single Pulse Observation of T&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and T&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; (DESPOT), and three-dimensional Quantification using an interleaved Look-Locker acquisition Sequence with a T&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; preparation pulse (3D-QALAS), for T&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and T&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; mapping in a healthy volunteer cohort.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;Ten healthy volunteers underwent brain MRI at 1.3 mm&lt;sup&gt;3&lt;/sup&gt; isotropic resolution, acquiring DESPOT and 3D-QALAS data (~11.8 and ~5 min duration, including field maps, respectively), test-retest with subject repositioning, on a 3.0 Tesla Philips Ingenia Elition scanner. To reconstruct the T&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and T&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; maps, we used an equation-based algorithm for DESPOT and a dictionary-based algorithm that incorporates inversion efficiency and B1-field inhomogeneity for 3D-QALAS. The test-retest repeatability of this cohort study was assessed using the coefficient of variation (CoV), intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) and Bland-Altman plots.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;Our results indicate that both the DESPOT and 3D-QALAS techniques demonstrate good levels of test-retest repeatability for T&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; and T&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; mapping across the brain. Higher whole-brain voxel-to-voxel ICCs are observed in 3D-QALAS for T&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; (0.84±0.039) and in DESPOT for T&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; (0.897±0.029). The Bland-Altman plots show smaller bias and variability of T&lt;sub&gt;1&lt;/sub&gt; estimates for 3D-QALAS (mean of -0.02 s, and upper and lower limits of -0.14 and 0.11 s, 95% confidence interval) than for DESPOT (mean of -0.02 s, and limits of -0.31 and 0.27 s). 3D-QALAS also showed less variability (mean 1.08 ms, limits -1.88 to 4.04 ms) for T&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; compared to DESPOT (mean of 2.56 ms, and limits -17.29 to 22.41 ms). The within-subject CoVs for 3D-QALAS range from 0.6% [T&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF)] to 5.8% [T&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; in gray matter (GM)], while for DESPOT they range from 2.1% (T&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; in CSF) to 6.7% (T&lt;sub&gt;2&lt;/sub&gt; in GM). The between-subject CoVs for 3D-QALAS","PeriodicalId":54267,"journal":{"name":"Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery","volume":"15 5","pages":"3807-3823"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12082599/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144095768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disrupted small-world networks in children with drug-naïve growth hormone deficiency: a DTI-based network analysis.","authors":"Yasen Alimire, Yanglei Cheng, Huaqiong Qiu, Liuhui Wu, Long Zhang, Liping Lin, Long Qian, Wei Cui, Zhiyun Yang, Qiuli Chen, Xianhong Xiang, Shu Su","doi":"10.21037/qims-24-1927","DOIUrl":"10.21037/qims-24-1927","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Growth hormone deficiency (GHD) in children results from impairment of the growth hormone/insulin-like growth factor-1 (GH/IGF-1) axis. Although GHD's effects on brain structure and function have been studied, its impact on large-scale white matter (WM) structural connectivity remains poorly understood. We aimed to investigate the topological organization of WM structural connectome in pediatric GHD using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) and graph theoretical analysis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This cross-sectional study included 58 drug-naïve children with GHD and 30 typically developing (TD) controls matched for age and gender. DTI data were analyzed using deterministic tractography, and the structural connectivity between 90 cortical and subcortical regions was assessed. Graph theoretical analysis was applied to evaluate topological parameters of the resulting graphs. Between-group comparison of networks metrics was assessed. Finally, a partial correlation analysis was performed to explore the relationship between significant topologic metrics and clinical symptom severity.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Compared to TD groups, the GHD patients showed altered global properties, including increased characteristic path length (P<0.001), and decreased global (P<0.001) and local efficiency (P<0.001). Regarding nodal parameters, GHD showed abnormal nodal parameters (nodal degree, efficiency, betweenness) primarily in regions associated with the default mode network (DMN), central executive network (CEN), visual network (VN), salience network (SN), sensorimotor network (SMN), basal ganglia, and left thalamus. Besides, the scores of Achenbach's Child Behavior Check List (CBCL) of GHD was positively correlated with the nodal efficiency in the left middle occipital gyrus (P=0.048, uncorrected), right inferior parietal lobe (P=0.035, uncorrected), and left middle temporal gyrus (r=0.295; P=0.034, uncorrected).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings reveal disrupted WM topological organization in children with GHD, which may potentially relate to abnormal GH/IGF-1 levels and associated with behavioral problems. These alterations in structural brain networks may underlie the behavioral challenges observed in GHD, providing new insights into the neurobiological basis of this condition.</p>","PeriodicalId":54267,"journal":{"name":"Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery","volume":"15 5","pages":"4101-4112"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12084725/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144095878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing the accuracy of genioplasty using mixed reality and computer-aided design/manufacturing: a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Kotaro Tachizawa, Keisuke Sugahara, Masahide Koyachi, Kento Odaka, Satoru Matsunaga, Maki Sugimoto, Akira Katakura","doi":"10.21037/qims-24-2333","DOIUrl":"10.21037/qims-24-2333","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Genioplasty is performed as part of orthognathic surgery to correct jaw deformities. This procedure presents challenges in terms of osteosynthesis accuracy. This study aimed to evaluate the precision of preoperative planning in genioplasty using computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) with three-dimensional (3D) printable biomaterials and mixed reality (MR) technology with a head-mounted display (Microsoft^® HoloLens 2) and a registration marker.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Twenty-six patients underwent genioplasty using either only CAD/CAM devices (control group, n=10) or CAD/CAM with additional MR technology (experimental group, n=16). CAD/CAM devices were created based on virtual surgical planning (VSP), and MR holograms created based on VSP data were projected onto the surgical area using Microsoft HoloLens 2. After surgery, the planned model was compared with the postoperative computed tomography (CT) image, measuring the 3D surface and the differences in position and rotation using the root mean square deviation (RMSD) and Bland-Altman's method. Both analyses are blinded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The average 3D surface analysis errors within 2 mm ranged between 62.20-100.00% (control group) and 99.30-100.00% (experimental group), with mean errors of 92.12% and 99.81%, respectively. Errors within 1 mm ranged between 28.50-98.90% (control group) and 55.10-99.6% (experimental group) with mean errors of 67.36% and 85.60%, respectively. The largest RMSDs were 1.20 mm in the anteroposterior direction and 6.78° in pitch orientation for the experimental group and 1.78 mm in the anteroposterior direction and 6.04° in pitch orientation for the control group. A statistically significant difference between the two groups was observed for errors measured within 1 mm (P=0.047) and for yaw (P=0.003). No postoperative complications were observed in either group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Using CAD/CAM with additional MR technology in genioplasty improved the repositioning accuracy of the chin bone fragment and plate placement, with statistically significant improvements in specific spatial directions. This combination of CAD/CAM and MR technology allows for intraoperative spatial verification of fragment movement according to preoperative VSP, which significantly contributes surgical precision.</p>","PeriodicalId":54267,"journal":{"name":"Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery","volume":"15 5","pages":"4774-4790"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12082582/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144095556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}