International Breastfeeding Journal最新文献

{"title":"\"They need to see breastfeeding so that they know how to do it\": the construction of motherhood through Instagram brelfies.","authors":"Paige E Davis, Alex Bridger, Kirsty Budds","doi":"10.1186/s13006-025-00701-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13006-025-00701-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>An offshoot of selfie taking is the \"Brelfie\" - a self-image capturing breastfeeding. Brelfie images and accompanying text are particularly useful to understanding how parents see themselves in their role within the digital age. The aim of this research was to understand how women posting #brelfies construct breastfeeding, motherhood, and identity through this modality.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study used content analysis to examine 173 Instagram posts consisting of 199 Instagram breastfeeding images. The first author used open coding to create three visual representations and seven visual categories (e.g. focus on mother, child or both) from the corpus of data. An inductive interpretive thematic analysis was then performed to investigate the accompanying in post texts. Results were then analysed using chi-square tests. Although England was most prevalent, the Instagram search gleaned posts from nine other countries and posters used eight different languages.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Content analyses indicated three types of visual image (breastfeeding portrait, breastfeeding selfie, and breastfeeding baby portrait) were tagged as brelfies, this supported the seven visual themes. Textually, three themes were developed: Breastfeeding as a Natural and Magical Journey, Breastfeeding as Female Empowerment, and Breastfeeding as a Struggle with the Desire for Support and Normalization. When analysed, breastfeeding portraits were associated with captions around the theme of female empowerment. The themes of a natural magical journey and struggle for support and normalisation were not related to any of the types of photos. Non-English language text was associated with the theme of the struggle.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This research supports the idea that mothers depict breastfeeding as largely positive, but that there are still perceived barriers and a voiced need for support. The type of brelfie presented and the language/cultural origin of the text could inform their intended message, thus helping understand how the parents see themselves. Brelfies should be encouraged to post this media to potentially help signpost to other breastfeeding parents that they are not alone in their breastfeeding journey.</p>","PeriodicalId":54266,"journal":{"name":"International Breastfeeding Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"11"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11866828/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143517431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Potential cost-savings of breastfeeding promotion to prevent breast cancer: a Monte Carlo simulation.","authors":"Lai Ling Hui, Emily Liao, Jin Xiao Lian, Ching So, Ting Ting Wu, Carlos K H Wong, Tharani Loganathan, Edmund Anthony S Nelson","doi":"10.1186/s13006-024-00689-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13006-024-00689-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Breastfeeding protects mothers against breast cancer. Our study aimed to estimate the healthcare cost-savings resulting from a reduction in breast cancer attributed to an increase in the breastfeeding rate in Hong Kong.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This is an economic evaluation. We constructed an individual-based Monte Carlo method to simulate with probabilistic sensitivity analysis the development of breast cancer over a woman's lifetime in a hypothetical birth cohort aged 20 years in 2018 (n = 33500) using best available data mainly from government statistics. We predicted the cases of, and deaths due to breast cancer in the base case (with the actual breastfeeding rate in 2018) and two hypothetical optimal scenarios (90% exclusive breastfeeding for six months or cumulative exclusive/partial breastfeeding for at least 12 months). The healthcare cost-savings, the number of deaths averted and the increase in disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) due to the prevention of breast cancer attributed to a higher breastfeeding rate were then deduced, assuming an annual discount rate of 3%.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Increasing the proportion of parous women breastfeeding exclusively for six months from 26 to 90% averted 266 (95% CI 259, 273) or ~ 10% of all-stage breast cancer cases, 18 deaths (95% CI 17, 19) and 399 DALYs (95% CI 381, 416), over the lifetime of each annual cohort of women in Hong Kong. The lifetime medical costs that could be saved would be ~ USD3 million using 2018 prices. However cost-savings were 5-times less in another scenario where the cumulative partial/exclusive breastfeeding for 12 months in parous women is increased to 90% due to its weaker protection against breast cancer compared to exclusive breastfeeding.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Promoting and protecting breastfeeding could lead to cost-savings for treating breast cancer in Hong Kong. Our analysis can inform the annual healthcare budget that could be allocated to promote exclusive breastfeeding for six months.</p>","PeriodicalId":54266,"journal":{"name":"International Breastfeeding Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"10"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11852815/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143494534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The costs of suboptimal breastfeeding in Ontario, Canada, and potential healthcare resource impacts from improving rates: a pediatric health system costing analysis.","authors":"Nnachebe Michael Onah, Sandra Hoy, Kathleen Slofstra","doi":"10.1186/s13006-025-00702-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13006-025-00702-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Human milk from the breast is the healthiest option for infants. Other sources of nutrition pose some risk to child, maternal, and environmental health. There are significant costs to suboptimal rates of breastfeeding for children, families and society. Over 92% of mothers in Ontario, Canada initiate breastfeeding, yet exclusivity and duration rates decline over time. This study estimates potential pediatric healthcare cost savings from increased exclusive breastfeeding.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a cost-effectiveness analysis to compare healthcare savings from enhanced breastfeeding rates against current practices by estimating pediatric healthcare costs associated with suboptimal breastfeeding and potential savings from improved rates. Savings are calculated from reduced incidence of childhood illnesses associated with breastfeeding, including lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI), gastrointestinal infections (GII), acute otitis media (AOM), acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), childhood obesity, and asthma. Cost data were drawn from Canadian healthcare sources, supplemented with data from the UK and other international studies. We used initiation and exclusive breastfeeding rates at hospital discharge and six months postpartum. The study assumes that the incidence of preventable conditions like LRTI, GII, and AOM is directly related to breastfeeding rates at these time points. A six-month threshold for exclusive breastfeeding, recommended by the World Health Organization, was selected for analysis. Partial breastfeeding rates were not separately modeled due to data limitations.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Improving exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) rates at six months to match rates at hospital discharged and initiation rates could result in 47,114-91,457 fewer cases of LRTI, GII, and AOM, prevent 3,685-7,096 hospitalizations, and reduce 22,043-47,621 outpatient visits. Increased EBF rates could prevent cases of NEC (37-67), ALL (3-6), childhood obesity (1,199-2,661), and asthma (970-2,111). Suboptimal breastfeeding at 6 months for infants born in Ontario in 2019 cost the healthcare system US $72.2 million annually for treating four childhood illnesses and US $61.0 million for long-term conditions (ALL, obesity, and asthma). Increasing breastfeeding rates could save US $32-63 million in annual treatment costs and US $23.6-51.6 million in long-term healthcare costs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Suboptimal breastfeeding rates impose a burden on the health of families and Ontario's healthcare system. Supporting breastfeeding through evidence-based interventions could reduce this burden through lowering pediatric healthcare demands.</p>","PeriodicalId":54266,"journal":{"name":"International Breastfeeding Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11846301/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143477256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Publisher Correction: Infant and young child feeding practice status and its determinants in UAE: results from the MISC cohort.","authors":"Mona Hashim, Rana Rizk, Nada Abbas, Dana N Abdelrahim, Hayder Hasan, Reyad S Obaid, Hessa Al-Ghazal, Marwa Al Hilali, Farah Naja, Hadia Radwan","doi":"10.1186/s13006-025-00700-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13006-025-00700-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54266,"journal":{"name":"International Breastfeeding Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"8"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11837606/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143451064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breastfeeding with primary low milk supply: a phenomenological exploration of mothers' lived experiences of postnatal breastfeeding support.","authors":"Caoimhe Whelan, Denise O'Brien, Abbey Hyde","doi":"10.1186/s13006-025-00699-4","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13006-025-00699-4","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Most women can produce enough milk to exclusively breastfeed. However, a small cohort are prevented from doing so due to a condition known as primary low milk supply. The aim of the study was to provide new insights into how mothers with this condition experience help and support from professionals, volunteer support groups, and partners.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Interpretative phenomenological analysis was used to explore the lived experiences of nine first-time breastfeeding mothers in Ireland who had primary low milk supply. One-hour interviews were conducted over Zoom between April and October 2021.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Being with Others, one of four superordinate themes identified in this study, concerns the participants' experiences of receiving professional, voluntary, and partner breastfeeding support. Four sub-themes were identified: Disconnected Encounters, Perceiving Judgement from Others, Being in a Safe Space and Having a Saviour. The encounters of participants with healthcare professionals revealed a lack of rapport, intrusive hands-on support, poor perceived quality of breastfeeding support and a heightened sensitivity to language and tone. Participants expressed that they valued empathy and emotional support from lactation professionals as much as they valued skilled lactation support. Furthermore, participants appeared to experience an enhanced motherhood self-identity and self-acceptance through seeing their experiences mirrored in the experiences of other mothers with primary low milk supply in specialist low milk supply-specific support groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The interactions that mothers with primary low milk supply have with various others in their world (healthcare professionals, lactation consultants, volunteer breastfeeding supporters, and partners) can shape how they view themselves and can have a profound impact on their breastfeeding journey. There is a need for greater knowledge and understanding among healthcare professionals of the phenomenon of primary low milk supply so that women suspected of having the condition may receive appropriate support. Where possible, mothers with primary low milk supply should be directed to specialist breastfeeding support groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":54266,"journal":{"name":"International Breastfeeding Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"7"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11773913/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143054233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Infant and young child feeding practice status and its determinants in UAE: results from the MISC cohort.","authors":"Mona Hashim, Rana Rizk, Nada Abbas, Dana N Abdelrahim, Hayder Hasan, Reyad S Obaid, Hessa Al-Ghazal, Marwa Al Hilali, Farah Naja, Hadia Radwan","doi":"10.1186/s13006-024-00685-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13006-024-00685-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>To evaluate breastfeeding and complementary feeding practices and their determinants among infants and young children in the United Arab Emirates using the 2021 WHO/UNICEF IYCF guidelines.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The Mother and Infant Study Cohort (MISC), is a prospective study of mothers recruited in their third gestational trimester and followed with their infants up to 18 months of age (n = 167). Data were collected at 3rd trimester, delivery, 2, 6, 12, and 18 months postpartum via questionnaires, review of medical records, anthropometric measurements, and 24-hour dietary recalls of the child's intake at 6, 12, and 18 months. Descriptive statistics and multiple logistic regressions were used to report on feeding practices and their determinants.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Ever breastfeeding, Early initiation of breastfeeding, and exclusive breastfeeding under 6 months were reported by 84.3%, 99.4%, and 32.9% of participants, respectively. Of children, 96.4% consumed solid foods at 6-8 months; 68.7% and 44.7% continued to be breastfed at 12 and 18 months, respectively. Despite improvement with age; several complementary feeding indicators remained suboptimal at 18 months: Minimum Dietary Diversity: 40.4%, Minimum Meal Frequency: 56.7%, Minimum Acceptable Diet: 23.1%, Sugar-Sweetened Beverages, 26.9%, Zero Vegetables and Fruits: 28.8%, Unhealthy Food Consumption: 65.4%. After adjustment, multiparous mothers had higher odds of exclusive breastfeeding, whereas pregnancy complications were associated with lower odds of exclusive breastfeeding. Continued breastfeeding at 18 months was associated with older age among mothers and lower income. Among the factors associated with complementary feeding indicators were higher physical activity and Minimum Dietary Diversity. While Gestational Diabetes Mellitus, Sugar-Sweetened Beverages, and higher education were associated with lower odds of Zero Vegetables and Fruits, and a higher income was associated with lower Unhealthy Food Consumption.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This study reported good rates of Early initiation of breastfeeding and ever-breastfeeding, yet suboptimal exclusive breastfeeding and complementary feeding. The identified risk factors for inappropriate practices could be used to guide nutrition interventions and public health programs in the United Arab Emirates.</p>","PeriodicalId":54266,"journal":{"name":"International Breastfeeding Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"6"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11752683/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143016508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Barriers and drivers to exclusive breastfeeding in Kyrgyzstan: a qualitative study with mothers and health workers.","authors":"Cath Jackson, Marina Duishenkulova, Nurila Altymysheva, Jyldyz Artykbaeva, Raisa Asylbasheva, Eleonora Jumalieva, Anastasia Koylyu, Sian Lickess, Tursun Mamyrbaeva, Veerle Snijders, Julianne Williams, Tiina Likki","doi":"10.1186/s13006-024-00688-z","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13006-024-00688-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The WHO/UNICEF global nutrition target for exclusive breastfeeding for six months is at least 70% of infants by 2030. However, global prevalence rates are 48% with variations between countries and within regions. Kyrgyzstan has consistently high early breastfeeding initiation rates, yet exclusive breastfeeding for six months is 46%. This qualitative study addressed two research questions: (1) What are the barriers and drivers for mothers to exclusive breastfeeding in the first six months? (2) What are the barriers and drivers for health workers in primary care facilities to supporting exclusive breastfeeding in the first six months?</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study took place from April to June 2023 in five sites (mix of urban and rural). Ten focus group discussions with 40 primary care health workers and 20 in-depth interviews with mothers of a child currently aged 6-12 months who initiated breastfeeding with this child were conducted. Mothers were purposively selected to represent four groups of infant feeding practices in the first six months: (1) exclusive breastfeeding, (2) breastfeeding alongside other fluids/solids, (3) breastfeeding alongside infant formula, (4) breastfeeding followed by switching to formula only. The Capability-Opportunity-Motivation-Behaviour (COM-B) model was the underpinning theoretical framework. Data were analysed using the Framework approach.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study uncovered important misperceptions amongst mothers who were not exclusively breastfeeding (groups 2-4). These existed alongside a perceived inability to resolve physical challenges of breastfeeding and social pressure to supplement breastmilk with fluids/solids or formula. Half of all mothers felt uncomfortable breastfeeding in public. Health workers were recommending and supporting women with exclusive breastfeeding during multiple antenatal and postnatal interactions during the initial six months. They were knowledgeable and motivated to do this. Moreover, they felt well supported with training, resources, and legislation with just a few mentioning workplace time or space challenges. Very few doctors appeared to currently be meeting with formula industry representatives.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This theory-informed qualitative study focusing on mother and health worker perspectives provided important insights into the individual and contextual barriers and drivers to exclusive breastfeeding for the first six months in Kyrgyzstan. These insights have informed recommendations for tailored interventions for both groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":54266,"journal":{"name":"International Breastfeeding Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"4"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11748667/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143016506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A randomized controlled, trial on effects of mobile phone text messaging in combination with motivational interviewing versus standard infant feeding counselling on breastfeeding and child health outcomes, among women living with HIV.","authors":"Moleen Zunza, Lehana Thabane, Louise Kuhn, Christine Els, Carl Lombard, Mark F Cotton, Taryn Young","doi":"10.1186/s13006-024-00693-2","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13006-024-00693-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Despite efforts to promote optimal breastfeeding practices, the practice of exclusive breastfeeding is low in South Africa. We conducted a trial to determine whether text messaging plus motivational interviewing prolonged exclusive breastfeeding during the first six months of life and improved child health outcomes.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a randomized parallel group-controlled trial between July 2022 and May 2024, at a secondary-level healthcare facility. Mothers living with HIV, 18 years or older, initiating breastfeeding, on combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) and their infants were enrolled. The primary endpoint was exclusive breastfeeding from birth through week 24, based on the consecutive 24-hour food recall interviews. We compared differences in exclusive breastfeeding rates using a proportion test. Mothers who completely stopped breastfeeding were asked an open-ended question on reasons for stopping breastfeeding.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Using block randomization mother-child pairs (n = 276) were randomly allocated to receive intervention (n = 138) or standard infant feeding counselling (n = 138), of whom 105 and 101 mother-child pairs in the intervention group and standard care group, respectively, completed all four study visits. Exclusive breastfeeding rate at 24 weeks in the intervention group was 6% (6/105) and 7% (7/101) in the standard care group, rate difference - 1% (95% CI -6-4%). Sixty-two of 276 mothers completely stopped breastfeeding, of whom 25% (34/138) and 20% (28) were in the intervention group and standard care group, respectively. The most common reasons for stopping breastfeeding were the mother needing to return to work or look for work, 66% (n = 41). We also found that early breastfeeding cessation increased risk of child hospitalization or death compared to any form of breastfeeding to week 24, 10% (5/48) versus 3% (5/158), p = 0.055.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>We found no effect of the intervention on exclusive breastfeeding rates. Early cessation of breastfeeding was prevalent and maternal employment characteristics are important social determinants of breastfeeding behaviour. There is need for further research evaluating the effect of interventions that include financial incentives on breastfeeding practices among socioeconomically disadvantaged mothers. HIV services should reliably offer cART, consistently monitor viral load, and support mothers cART adherence, in settings where mixed feeding is common.</p><p><strong>Trial registration: </strong>The trial was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05063240) and Pan African Clinical Trial Registries (PACTR202110870407786) before recruitment of the first subject.</p>","PeriodicalId":54266,"journal":{"name":"International Breastfeeding Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"5"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11749102/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143016503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reasons, associated factors, and attitudes toward breastfeeding mothers' use of complementary medicine products: a study from Türkiye.","authors":"Demet Deniz Bilgin, Nalan Karabayir, Hatice Bilge Çetinkaya, Aybüke Kacir, Özlem Öçal, Mine Başibüyük, Övgü Büke","doi":"10.1186/s13006-024-00687-0","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13006-024-00687-0","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The use of Complementary Medicine Products (CMPs) has been increasing worldwide, including among breastfeeding mothers. This study aims to investigate the reasons and associated factors of CMP use among breastfeeding mothers in Turkey, alongside their attitudes and experiences.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted using a self-administered, anonymous online survey between 17 December 2023 and 17 March 2024. Women from diverse regions across Türkiye, aged 18 years or older, with a child aged 36 months or younger, who were currently breastfeeding or had breastfed, were invited to participate in the survey.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among 445 mothers who completed the survey, 334 (75.1%) reported using at least one CMP during breastfeeding, with vitamin D, iron supplements, and fennel being the most frequently used. Educational level, employment status, and being a health worker were found to be factors associated with CMP use during breastfeeding, with those having university or higher education, being employed, or working in healthcare showing higher usage rates. The most common reasons for CMP use were \"staying healthy\" (60.2%) and \"supporting immunity\" (59.3%). While 91.9% of mothers perceived at least one CMP they used as beneficial, 14.4% of mothers using CMPs experienced adverse effects with at least one product. Safety perceptions of mothers who used CMP varied, with 45.8% believing CMPs were generally safe during breastfeeding. Among CMP users, doctors were chosen as the most trusted (n = 310, 92.8%) information source. A majority of mothers (85.6%) reported that they would like to receive more information about the safety and effectiveness of CMPs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Breastfeeding mothers often use CMPs to stay healthy and support immunity. While healthcare providers are the most trusted source of information, many women get advice from family, friends, or herbalists, and some use CMPs without any recommendations. This underscores the importance of healthcare providers' role in guiding mothers on the safe and informed use of both prescribed and self-prescribed CMPs.</p>","PeriodicalId":54266,"journal":{"name":"International Breastfeeding Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11720522/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142958846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of marriage on breastfeeding duration: examining the disproportionate effect of COVID-19 pandemic on marginalized communities.","authors":"Anna Charlotta Kihlstrom, Tara Stiller, Nishat Sultana, Grace Njau, Matthew Schmidt, Anastasia Stepanov, Andrew D Williams","doi":"10.1186/s13006-024-00698-x","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s13006-024-00698-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Marriage promotes breastfeeding duration through economic and social supports. The COVID-19 pandemic disproportionately affected marginalized communities and impacted women's employment and interpersonal dynamics. This study examined how marriage affects breastfeeding duration across socioeconomic and racially minoritized groups during COVID-19, aiming to inform social support strategies for vulnerable families in public health crises.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>For this cross-sectional study, data were drawn from the 2017-2021 North Dakota Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitoring System (weighted n = 41433). Breastfeeding duration was self-reported, and 2-, 4-, and 6-month duration variables were calculated. Marital status(married, not married) and education (< high school education, ≥high school education) were drawn from birth certificates. Income (≤ US$48,000, > US$48,000) and race/ethnicity (White, American Indian, Other) were self-reported. Infant birth date was used to identify pre-COVID (2017-2019) and COVID (2020-2021) births. Logistic regression estimated odds ratios and 95% confidence intervals for the association between marital status and breastfeeding duration outcomes. Models were fit overall, by COVID-19 era and by demographic factors. Lastly, demographic-specific models were further stratified by COVID era. Models were adjusted for maternal health and sociodemographic factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Overall, married women consistently had 2-fold higher odds of breastfeeding across all durations during both pre-COVID and COVID eras. Pre-COVID, marriage was a stronger predictor for all breastfeeding durations in low-income women (4-month duration OR 4.07, 95%CI 2.52, 6.58) than for high-income women (4-month duration OR 1.76, 95%CI 1.06, 2.91). Conversely, during COVID, marriage was a stronger predictor of breastfeeding duration for high-income women (4-month duration OR 2.89, 95%CI 1.47, 5.68) than low-income women (4-month duration OR 1.59, 95%CI 0.80, 3.15). Findings were similar among American Indian women and those with less than high school education, in that both groups lost the benefit of marriage on breastfeeding duration during the COVID-19 pandemic.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Marriage promotes breastfeeding duration, yet the observed benefit was reduced for low-socioeconomic and racially minoritized populations during the COVID-19 pandemic. These observations highlight the disproportionate impacts low-socioeconomic and racially minoritized populations face during public health crises. Continued research examining how major societal disruptions intersect with social determinants to shape breastfeeding outcomes can inform more equitable systems of care.</p>","PeriodicalId":54266,"journal":{"name":"International Breastfeeding Journal","volume":"20 1","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11694383/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142916348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}