Viable bacterial communities in freshly pumped human milk and their changes during cold storage conditions.

IF 2.9 2区 医学 Q1 OBSTETRICS & GYNECOLOGY
Eliska Pivrncova, Jan Bohm, Vojtech Barton, Jana Klanova, Petra Borilova Linhartova
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: Human milk harbors diverse bacterial communities that contribute to infant health. Although pumping and storing milk is a common practice, the viable bacterial composition of pumped milk and the impact of storage practice on these bacteria remains under-explored. This metagenomic observational study aimed to characterize viable bacterial communities in freshly pumped human milk and its changes under different storage conditions.

Methods: In 2023, twelve lactating mothers from the CELSPAC: TNG cohort (Czech Republic) provided freshly pumped milk samples. These samples were stored under various conditions (refrigeration for 24 h, 48 h, or freezing for six weeks) and treated with propidium monoazide (PMA) to selectively identify viable cells. The DNA extracted from individual samples was subsequently analyzed using 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing on the Illumina platform.

Results: The genera Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, Diaphorobacter, Cutibacterium, and Corynebacterium were the most common viable bacteria in fresh human milk. The median sequencing depth and Shannon index of fresh human milk samples treated with PMA (+ PMA) were significantly lower than in untreated (-PMA) samples (p < 0.05 for all), which was true also for each time point. Also, significant changes in these parameters were observed between fresh human milk samples and their paired frozen samples (p < 0.05), while no differences were found between fresh human milk samples and those refrigerated for up to 48 h (p > 0.05). Of specific genera, only + PMA frozen human milk samples showed a significant decrease in the central log-ratio transformed relative abundances of the genera Diaphorobacter and Cutibacterium (p < 0.05) in comparison to + PMA fresh human milk samples.

Conclusions: The study demonstrated that the bacterial profiles significantly differed between human milk samples treated with PMA, which represent only viable bacteria, and those untreated. While storage at 4 °C for up to 48 h did not significantly alter the overall diversity and composition of viable bacteria in human milk, freezing notably affected both the viability and relative abundances of some bacterial genera.

新鲜抽吸的人乳中的活菌群落及其在冷藏条件下的变化。
背景:母乳中含有多种有助于婴儿健康的细菌群落。尽管抽吸和储存牛奶是一种常见的做法,但抽吸牛奶中可存活的细菌组成以及储存做法对这些细菌的影响仍未得到充分探讨。本宏基因组观察研究旨在表征新鲜母乳中活菌群落及其在不同储存条件下的变化。方法:2023年,来自CELSPAC: TNG队列(捷克共和国)的12名哺乳期母亲提供了新鲜抽取的母乳样本。这些样品在不同条件下保存(冷藏24小时、48小时或冷冻6周),并用单叠氮丙啶(PMA)处理,以选择性地鉴定活细胞。从单个样品中提取的DNA随后在Illumina平台上使用16S rRNA扩增子测序进行分析。结果:鲜奶中最常见的活菌为链球菌属、葡萄球菌属、双歧杆菌属、表皮杆菌属和棒状杆菌属。经PMA处理(+ PMA)的鲜奶样品的中位测序深度和Shannon指数显著低于未处理(-PMA)的鲜奶样品(p 0.05)。在特定的属中,只有+ PMA冷冻的人乳样品中Diaphorobacter和Cutibacterium的中心对数比转化相对丰度显著降低(p)。结论:研究表明,PMA处理的人乳样品(仅代表活菌)与未处理的人乳样品的细菌谱存在显著差异。虽然在4°C下保存48小时不会显著改变母乳中活菌的总体多样性和组成,但冷冻会显著影响某些细菌属的活力和相对丰度。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
International Breastfeeding Journal
International Breastfeeding Journal Medicine-Obstetrics and Gynecology
CiteScore
6.30
自引率
11.40%
发文量
76
审稿时长
32 weeks
期刊介绍: Breastfeeding is recognized as an important public health issue with enormous social and economic implications. Infants who do not receive breast milk are likely to experience poorer health outcomes than breastfed infants; mothers who do not breastfeed increase their own health risks. Publications on the topic of breastfeeding are wide ranging. Articles about breastfeeding are currently published journals focused on nursing, midwifery, paediatric, obstetric, family medicine, public health, immunology, physiology, sociology and many other topics. In addition, electronic publishing allows fast publication time for authors and Open Access ensures the journal is easily accessible to readers.
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