Lancet Child & Adolescent Health最新文献

{"title":"Thank you to The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health statistical and peer reviewers in 2025","authors":"The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health Editors","doi":"10.1016/S2352-4642(26)00015-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2352-4642(26)00015-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54238,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Child & Adolescent Health","volume":"10 3","pages":"Pages e10-e13"},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146147430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Weight gain, body composition, and metabolic parameters of dolutegravir-based antiretroviral therapy versus standard of care in children and adolescents: an ancillary analysis of the ODYSSEY trial","authors":"Anna Turkova MD , Ellen White PhD , Avy Violari FCPaed , Prof Hilda A Mujuru MMed , Adeodata R Kekitiinwa MMed , Abbas Lugemwa MD , Elizabeth Kaudha MMed , Sathaporn Na-Rajsima MD , Grace M Ahimbisibwe MSc , Ebrahim Variavae FCP[SA] , Prof Moherndran Archary PhD , Yasmeen Akhalwaya MBChB , Thanyawee Puthanakit MD , Mutsa Bwakura-Dangarembizi PhD , Dickson Bbuye MBChB , Mariam Kasozi BSc , Afaaf Liberty MBChB , Christoph Königs PhD , Steven B Welch FRCPCH , Yoann Riault MSc , Peter Zuidewind","doi":"10.1016/S2352-4642(25)00339-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2352-4642(25)00339-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>ODYSSEY trial showed superior efficacy of dolutegravir-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) versus then-current, non-dolutegravir standard of care over 96 weeks in children and adolescents living with HIV. The aim of this ancillary analysis was to compare anthropometric and body composition outcomes, including weight, height, BMI-for-age Z score, weight-for-age and height-for-age Z scores (<14 kg), mid-upper-arm circumference (MUAC), waist circumference, hip circumference, and body fat percentage, as well as metabolic outcomes (lipids and glucose), between dolutegravir and standard of care over approximately 5 years of follow-up.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this open-label, randomised, non-inferiority trial, children (aged ≥4 weeks and <18 years), weighing 3 kg or more, starting first-line ART (ODYSSEY-A) or switching to second-line ART (ODYSSEY-B) were enrolled in 29 centres in Germany, Portugal, South Africa, Spain, Thailand, Uganda, Zimbabwe, and the UK in two cohorts (children weighing ≥14 kg and children weighing <14 kg). Treatment effects (dolutegravir <em>vs</em> standard of care) were estimated on randomised allocation, accounting for treatment switches (substantial in standard of care arm during extended follow-up) through censoring and inverse-probability-of-censoring-weights. Changes in continuous outcomes were compared using linear mixed models, accounting for correlated slope and baseline value. Proportions of participants with unfavourable outcomes were compared using logistic mixed models. ODYSSEY is registered with <span><span>ClinicalTrials.gov</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>, <span><span>NCT02259127</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>, EUDRACT, 2014-002632-14, and ISRCTN, ISRCTN91737921.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Between Sept 20, 2016, and Aug 26, 2019, 792 children were randomly assigned (392 to dolutegravir and 400 to standard of care). Of 707 children in the 14 kg or more cohort, 311 received first-line ART (ODYSSEY-A; 145 [92%] of 157 received efavirenz-based ART as standard of care) and 396 received second-line ART (ODYSSEY-B; 195 [98%] of 200 received boosted protease inhibitors as standard of care). Of 85 children in the less than 14 kg cohort, 72 received first-line ART (32 [74%] of 43 received lopinavir–ritonavir as first-line or second-line standard of care). Median follow-up on randomised allocation was 287 weeks (IQR 240–311) on dolutegravir-based ART and 205 weeks (168–240) on standard of care in the 14 kg or more cohort, and 220 weeks (208–232) on dolutegravir-based ART and 144 weeks (127–192) on standard of care in the less than 14 kg cohort. In the 14 kg or more cohort, 345 (49%) were female and 362 (51%) were male, 623 (88%) were Black African, median enrolment age was 12·2 years (IQR 9·1 to 14·9), weight 30·7 kg (23·4 to 43·0), and BMI-for-age Z score –0·6 (–1·4 to 0·1); 35 (5%) were overweight and six (1%) were obese. At week 240, adjusted mea","PeriodicalId":54238,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Child & Adolescent Health","volume":"10 3","pages":"Pages 189-202"},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146032908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Childhood hypertension: prevention beyond obesity","authors":"The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health","doi":"10.1016/S2352-4642(26)00014-3","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2352-4642(26)00014-3","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54238,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Child & Adolescent Health","volume":"10 3","pages":"Page 147"},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146147460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Suffer the little children: measuring the global need for paediatric palliative care","authors":"Michelle Meiring , Lorna Fraser","doi":"10.1016/S2352-4642(26)00013-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2352-4642(26)00013-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54238,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Child & Adolescent Health","volume":"10 3","pages":"Pages 149-150"},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146147458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paracetamol, pyrexia, and the prevention of atopy: lessons from PIPPA Tamariki","authors":"Alan R Smyth","doi":"10.1016/S2352-4642(26)00003-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2352-4642(26)00003-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54238,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Child & Adolescent Health","volume":"10 3","pages":"Pages 148-149"},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146071557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Automatic versus manual control of oxygen and neonatal clinical outcomes in extremely preterm infants: a multicentre, parallel-group, randomised, controlled, superiority trial","authors":"Axel R Franz MD , Christian A Maiwald , Hendrik J Niemarkt PhD , Prof Harald Ehrhardt MD , Marc R Mendler MD , Jochen Essers MD , Thilo Mohns MD , Prof Andreas W Flemmer MD , Adelheid Kley MD , Hans-Jörg Bittrich MD , Bettina Bohnhorst MD , Christoph Jacobi MD , RuiMiao Bai MD , Estelle E M Mulder MD , Patrick Neuberger MD , Matthias C Hütten PhD , Ralf Rauch MD , Thomas M K Völkl MD , Thomas Höhn MD , Britta Brenner MD , Amanda Forster","doi":"10.1016/S2352-4642(25)00351-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2352-4642(25)00351-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Extremely preterm infants require respiratory support with supplemental oxygen and have frequent hypoxaemic episodes. These episodes, and exposure to inadequately high concentrations of oxygen, are associated with major complications and death. Closed-loop automated control of the fractional concentration of oxygen in inspired air (FiO<sub>2</sub>-C) reduces the time below and above the target range for the pulse oximeter oxygen saturation (SpO<sub>2</sub>) and caregivers’ workload. We aimed to study whether FiO<sub>2</sub>-C during respiratory support versus routine manual control might also improve clinical outcomes.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This multicentre, parallel-group, randomised, controlled, superiority trial was done in 32 neonatal intensive care units in China, Germany, the Netherlands, and the UK. Infants born at 23<sup>+0</sup> weeks to 27<sup>+6</sup> weeks postmenstrual age were included and randomly assigned to FiO<sub>2</sub>-C or routine manual care stratified within centres by postmenstrual age at birth and sex. FiO<sub>2</sub>-C was provided in addition to routine manual control of FiO<sub>2</sub> using infant ventilators. The composite primary endpoint was death, necrotising enterocolitis, or bronchopulmonary dysplasia up to 36 weeks postmenstrual age, or severe retinopathy of prematurity by 44 weeks postmenstrual age. Secondary endpoints were the components of the primary endpoint and the maximum retinopathy of prematurity severity score in either eye on the International Neonatal Consortium Retinopathy of Prematurity Activity Scale. The trial was stopped early because of poor recruitment. The primary analysis included the intention-to-treat population with non-missing primary outcome data. This trial was registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT03168516) and is closed.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Between July 1, 2018, and Oct 31, 2023, 1082 infants were enrolled and randomly assigned to the FiO<sub>2</sub>-C group (n=539) or routine manual control group (n=543). Median postmenstrual age was 26<sup>+1</sup> weeks (IQR 24<sup>+6</sup>–27<sup>+1</sup>). 557 (51%) of 1082 infants were male and 525 (49%) were female. The primary endpoint occurred in 206 (39%) of 534 infants in the FiO<sub>2</sub>-C group versus 222 (41%) of 538 infants in the routine manual control group (adjusted odds ratio 0·90, 97·5% CI 0·65–1·24; p=0·47). Rates of death (48 [9%] of 536 infants <em>vs</em> 50 [9%] of 541 infants), necrotising enterocolitis (27 [5%] of 538 <em>vs</em> 36 [7%] of 542), bronchopulmonary dysplasia (104 [21%] of 486 <em>vs</em> 110 [23%] of 485), and severe retinopathy of prematurity (86 [18%] of 491 <em>vs</em> 95 [19%] of 496) were also similar between groups. The maximum retinopathy of prematurity severity score was similar between groups (median 7 [IQR 0–9]; p=0·24). Overall, 197 serious adverse events were reported in the FiO<sub>2</sub>-C group and 192 in the routine manual co","PeriodicalId":54238,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Child & Adolescent Health","volume":"10 3","pages":"Pages 179-188"},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146147457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"No safe place: ending adolescent digital intimate partner violence","authors":"Thao Ha , Taren L McGray","doi":"10.1016/S2352-4642(25)00372-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2352-4642(25)00372-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54238,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Child & Adolescent Health","volume":"10 3","pages":"Pages 151-152"},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145730789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nobody can be immune to the deaths of this girl, her family, and the paramedics who tried to save her","authors":"Zahed Katurji, Asha Ali, Mohamad Khalife, Robin Basu Roy","doi":"10.1016/S2352-4642(26)00007-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2352-4642(26)00007-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54238,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Child & Adolescent Health","volume":"10 3","pages":"Page 155"},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146000628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Christina Economos: community interventions to tackle childhood obesity","authors":"Udani Samarasekera","doi":"10.1016/S2352-4642(26)00002-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2352-4642(26)00002-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54238,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Child & Adolescent Health","volume":"10 3","pages":"Page 154"},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146147431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Paracetamol versus ibuprofen as required for fever or pain in the first year of life and the risk of eczema and bronchiolitis at age 1 year in New Zealand (PIPPA Tamariki): a multicentre, open-label, parallel-group, superiority, randomised controlled trial","authors":"Eunicia Tan MBChB , Christopher J D McKinlay PhD , Judith Riley PGDipClinR , Medhawani Rao PGDipAdvNsg , Lisa Mravicich BHSc , Shirley Lawrence BHSc , Allie Eathorne MAppStat , Irene Braithwaite PhD , Alex Semprini PhD , Karaponi Okesene-Gafa PhD , Prof Nicolette Sheridan PhD , Prof Karen Hoare PhD , Prof Cameron Grant PhD , Prof David Johnson MD , Prof Mark Weatherall FRACP , Prof Richard Beasley DSc , Prof Stuart R Dalziel PhD","doi":"10.1016/S2352-4642(25)00341-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2352-4642(25)00341-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>In non-experimental studies, early-life exposure to paracetamol is associated with an increased risk of eczema and wheeze. We aimed to compare paracetamol with ibuprofen, as required for fever or pain in the first year of life, for the risk of eczema and bronchiolitis at age 1 year.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>PIPPA Tamariki is a multicentre, open-label, two-arm, parallel-group, superiority, randomised controlled trial done at three sites in Auckland and Wellington in New Zealand. Infants younger than 8 weeks and born in New Zealand were randomly assigned (1:1) to paracetamol alone (15 mg/kg every 6 h at age <1 months and every 4 h at age ≥1 months) or ibuprofen alone (5 mg/kg every 6 h at age <3 months and 10 mg/kg every 6 h at age ≥3 months), received orally as required for fever or pain, until age 1 year. Dosing was based on the <span><span>New Zealand Formulary for Children</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>. Research staff used REDCap for randomisation, which was stratified by recruitment site, maternal asthma status, and multiple birth. Key outcomes were eczema as defined by the UK Diagnostic Criteria or eczema hospitalisation in the first year of life, and hospitalisation for bronchiolitis as defined by at least one hospitalisation for bronchiolitis, viral-induced wheeze, or asthma in the first year of life. Analysis was according to the intention-to-treat principle. This trial is registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, ACTRN12618000303246 (active, not recruiting).</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Between April 18, 2018, and July 28, 2023, 3923 infants were enrolled. 15 participants withdrew, leaving 3908 infants (1985 were randomly assigned to the paracetamol group, and 1923 to the ibuprofen group) in the intention-to-treat population. Of these participants, 1914 (49·0%) were female and 1994 (51·0%) were male; 609 (15·6%) were Māori, 607 (15·5%) were Pacific, 926 (23·7%) were Asian, and 1754 (44·9%) were New Zealand European or other. Eczema occurred in 322 (16·2%) of 1985 participants in the paracetamol group and 296 (15·4%) of 1923 participants in the ibuprofen group (absolute risk difference 0·8% [95% CI –1·5 to 3·1]; p=0·48; adjusted odds ratio [OR] 1·10 [95% CI 0·92 to 1·32]; p=0·29). Bronchiolitis occurred in 98 (4·9%) participants in the paracetamol group and 82 (4·3%) participants in the ibuprofen group (absolute risk difference 0·7% [95% CI –0·6 to 2·0]; p=0·32; adjusted OR 1·23 [95% CI 0·82 to 1·71]; p=0·21). 19 serious adverse events were reported in 17 participants (eight [0·4%] of 1985 in the paracetamol group and nine [0·5%] of 1923 in the ibuprofen group; adjusted OR 0·47 [95% CI 0·14–1·56; p=0·21]); none were attributed to trial medication.</div></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><div>There was no evidence of an important difference between paracetamol and ibuprofen in the risk of eczema or bronchiolitis at age 1 year.</div></div><div><h3>Fundi","PeriodicalId":54238,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Child & Adolescent Health","volume":"10 3","pages":"Pages 156-166"},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146072281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}