Lancet Child & Adolescent Health最新文献

{"title":"Beyond birthweight: longitudinal insights into twin growth and obesity risk","authors":"William Johnson","doi":"10.1016/S2352-4642(25)00238-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2352-4642(25)00238-X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54238,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Child & Adolescent Health","volume":"9 10","pages":"Pages 687-689"},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144932493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Childhood NCDs: progress beyond political handshaking","authors":"The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health","doi":"10.1016/S2352-4642(25)00249-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2352-4642(25)00249-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54238,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Child & Adolescent Health","volume":"9 10","pages":"Page 685"},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144933741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Ayodele Faleye: building a subspecialty in Africa's largest nation","authors":"Ray Cavanaugh","doi":"10.1016/S2352-4642(25)00217-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2352-4642(25)00217-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54238,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Child & Adolescent Health","volume":"9 10","pages":"Page 696"},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144932494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical psychedelic research in adolescents: a scoping review and overview of ethical considerations","authors":"Khaleel Rajwani MA ,&nbsp;Edward Jacobs DPhil ,&nbsp;Lori Bruce DBioeth ,&nbsp;Jamila Hokanson MD ,&nbsp;Melanie T Almonte MSc ,&nbsp;Faisal Feroz BA ,&nbsp;Elisha Waldman MD ,&nbsp;Katherine Cheung MA ,&nbsp;Prof Neil Levy PhD ,&nbsp;Prof Julian Savulescu PhD ,&nbsp;Prof Ilina Singh PhD ,&nbsp;David B Yaden PhD ,&nbsp;Brian D Earp PhD","doi":"10.1016/S2352-4642(25)00208-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2352-4642(25)00208-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The potential use of psychedelic-assisted therapy for adolescents with mental illness has sparked both interest and concern. Modern psychedelic research has focused on adults, and adolescents younger than 18 years are typically excluded due to ethical and legal challenges. To explore whether adolescents have been included in 21st century psychedelic research, we conducted a scoping review of the medical literature from January, 2000, to April, 2025. Three trial registrations and one trial plan showed involvement of participants younger than 18 years, but none of these trials were completed and no trial findings have been published. The proposed studies would investigate 3,4-methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA)-assisted or psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy as an intervention for adolescents with post-traumatic stress disorder, autism with social anxiety, or self-harm. Ethical approval and recruitment details were inconsistently reported. This scarcity of data highlights a major evidence gap that could hinder informed care. Given that many medications are used off-label in adolescents, we argue for cautious, ethically grounded research—starting with older adolescents with the highest foreseeable benefit–risk ratio due to special circumstances—to better understand the potential risks and benefits of psychedelic therapies for this vulnerable population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54238,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Child & Adolescent Health","volume":"9 10","pages":"Pages 744-752"},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144932491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Growth trajectories and risk of overweight and obesity in twins and singletons in the UK and USA: analysis of prospective national cohort data","authors":"Jessica L Gleason PhD ,&nbsp;Rajeshwari Sundaram PhD ,&nbsp;Kathryn A Wagner PhD ,&nbsp;Prof Katherine L Grantz MD","doi":"10.1016/S2352-4642(25)00207-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2352-4642(25)00207-X","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Twin and singleton growth might be adaptively different to maximise survival in a shared intrauterine environment, translating to smaller average twin birthweight. We aimed to compare growth trajectories and risks of overweight and obesity between twins and singletons.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We leveraged height, weight, and BMI data from two large and ongoing nationally representative cohorts, the Millennium Cohort Study (MCS) and the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth—Child and Young Adult (NLSY-CYA), that have prospectively collected data from children born in the UK between Sept 1, 2000, and Jan 11, 2002, and participants born in the USA between December, 1970, and January, 2008, respectively, every 2–3 years from birth to adulthood. In each cohort and for a sample combined from both cohorts, we compared growth trajectories of twins and singletons from birth to age 18 years using adjusted predicted means for height, weight, and BMI each year of age derived from mixed models with a cubic function for child age (months), random intercept and slope for age, and a nested intercept for family identity to account for twin clustering. We stratified analyses by sex and by gestational age at delivery and evaluated overweight and obesity risk overall using Poisson regression models with robust error variance. Overweight and obesity were defined using age (months) and sex-specific BMI cut-points from the International Obesity Task Force.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>MCS included 18 967 singletons and 502 twins with at least one height or weight measurement. NLSY-CYA included 11 133 singletons and 246 twins with at least one height or weight measurement. The full sample combined from the two cohorts included 748 twins and 30 106 singletons with measurements up to age 18 years. Twins were shorter than singletons by between 1·22 cm (95% CI 0·69–1·75) at age 3 years and 1·08 cm (0·10–2·05) at 18 years. Twins weighed less than singletons by between 0·82 kg (95% CI 0·49–1·16) at 3 years and 1·93 kg (0·46–3·40) at 18 years, with 0·44–0·76 kg/m² lower BMI during this age range. Differences in growth remained when accounting for gestational age at delivery. Analysis of growth trajectories stratified by sex suggest that female twins are catching up with female singletons in late adolescence, with no height difference remaining between female twins and female singletons by age 18 years. At any time between ages 3 and 18 years, twins had lower risk of overweight (adjusted risk ratio 0·78 [95% CI 0·69–0·88]) and obesity (0·77; [0·61–0·96]) than singletons.</div></div><div><h3>Interpretation</h3><div>Twins from UK and USA cohorts do not catch up with singletons in height or weight but became more similar in BMI by age 18 years. Lower risk of overweight or obesity in twins should be investigated further in the context of cardiometabolic health.</div></div><div><h3>Funding</h3><div>None.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54238,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Child & Adolescent Health","volume":"9 10","pages":"Pages 707-714"},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144932496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Face mask versus nasal mask device use for initial resuscitation in extremely and very preterm infants (FONDUE): an open-label, single-centre, randomised, controlled trial","authors":"Douglas A Blank PhD ,&nbsp;Lindsay Zhou MBBS ,&nbsp;Atul Malhotra PhD ,&nbsp;Risha Bhatia PhD ,&nbsp;Shiraz Badurdeen PhD ,&nbsp;Miranda Davies-Tuck PhD ,&nbsp;Kate Duthie MHA ,&nbsp;Zachary Tuttle MD ,&nbsp;Damien M Gilby MBBS ,&nbsp;Prof Graeme R Polglase PhD ,&nbsp;Prof Stuart B Hooper PhD ,&nbsp;Calum T Roberts PhD","doi":"10.1016/S2352-4642(25)00193-2","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2352-4642(25)00193-2","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Background&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;More than 85% of very preterm infants (born &lt;32 weeks’ gestation) breathe spontaneously within 1 min of birth, however, more than 60% of infants receive positive pressure ventilation. Face mask application soon after birth might suppress breathing through the trigeminal nerve reflex, causing vocal cord closure and hypoxia. We aimed to investigate whether nasal mask continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) would improve CPAP success, reducing the need for positive pressure ventilation and intubation at birth, compared with face mask CPAP (fCPAP).&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Methods&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;This open-label, randomised controlled trial was done at Monash Medical Centre (Melbourne, VIC, Australia). Eligible infants were very preterm (born at 23 weeks 0 days [23w0d]–31w6d of gestation) without known relevant congenital anomalies. Infants were randomly assigned (1:1) immediately before birth to receive initial respiratory support with nCPAP or fCPAP. Randomisation was done using a pre-generated randomisation schedule stratified by gestational age (23w0d–27w6d weeks &lt;em&gt;vs&lt;/em&gt; 28w0d–31w6d gestation). Due to the nature of the intervention, investigators or clinicians were aware of treatment allocation, but the trial statistician was masked to allocations. The primary outcome was CPAP success, defined as adequate respiratory support with CPAP only, without escalation to positive pressure ventilation or intubation before neonatal unit admission. The primary outcome was assessed in the intention-to-treat population, which included all infants who were randomly assigned as per their allocated treatment. Safety was assessed in all randomly assigned infants. This study was prospectively registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry, ACTRN12620001086954.&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Findings&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;div&gt;Between Dec 2, 2020, and March 17, 2023, we enrolled 151 infants: 74 were assigned to nCPAP and 77 to fCPAP. Mean gestation was 28 weeks and 6 days (SD 2 weeks and 6 days), mean birthweight was 1155 g (381), and 82 (54%) of 151 infants were female. 51 (34%) of 151 infants were born before 28 weeks’ gestation. More infants in the nCPAP group were successfully managed without escalation to positive pressure ventilation than infants in the fCPAP group (43 [58%] of 74 infants &lt;em&gt;vs&lt;/em&gt; 30 [39%] of 77 infants; risk ratio 1·49 [95% CI 1·06–2·10]). Two infants in each group died. Pneumothorax occurred in three (4%) of 77 infants in the fCPAP group (none in the nCPAP group). Intraventricular haemorrhage occurred in 26 (34%) of 77 infants in the fCPAP group and 19 (26%) of 74 infants in the nCPAP group. Three infants had periventricular leukomalacia (one in the fCPAP group and two in the nCPAP group). Two infants in each group underwent surgery for necrotising enterocolitis and one (1%) of 77 infants in the fCPAP group had surgery for intestinal perforation (none in the nCPAP group). 13 (17%) of 77 infants in the fCPAP group and 1","PeriodicalId":54238,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Child & Adolescent Health","volume":"9 10","pages":"Pages 715-723"},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144932492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Against the cult of complexity: generalism as a radical act","authors":"Javier Arredondo Montero","doi":"10.1016/S2352-4642(25)00239-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2352-4642(25)00239-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54238,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Child & Adolescent Health","volume":"9 10","pages":"Page 697"},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144932495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Who protects the children and women of Sudan?","authors":"Georgia B Dominguez MSc ,&nbsp;Naeha Sharma MPH ,&nbsp;Lamia Mahmoud MD ,&nbsp;Maysoon Dahab PhD ,&nbsp;Prof Nafisa Bedri PhD ,&nbsp;Prof Zulfiqar A Bhutta PhD","doi":"10.1016/S2352-4642(25)00237-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2352-4642(25)00237-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Since April 15, 2023, civil war in Sudan has created a rapidly escalating humanitarian emergency, with more than 30·4 million people requiring assistance. This Health Policy synthesises emerging evidence on the conflict's particular impact on children and women and focuses on grave violations against children in times of war, including killing and maiming, recruitment of children, sexual violence, abduction, attacks on schools and hospitals, and the denial of humanitarian access. Drawing from peer-reviewed studies, UN reports, and humanitarian field data, we highlight the scale and severity of these violations and the urgent need for a coordinated, child-centred, and gender-centred humanitarian response to ensure long-term recovery and accountability. Without an immediate end to violence, this conflict threatens the survival, development, and dignity of an entire generation in Sudan.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54238,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Child & Adolescent Health","volume":"9 10","pages":"Pages 735-743"},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144899615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Should deferred consent be the default for delivery room trials?","authors":"Eugene Dempsey","doi":"10.1016/S2352-4642(25)00224-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2352-4642(25)00224-X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54238,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Child & Adolescent Health","volume":"9 10","pages":"Pages 686-687"},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144857731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global research priority-setting exercise on the sexual and reproductive health and rights of young adolescents","authors":"Maria Lohan PhD ,&nbsp;Aoibheann Brennan-Wilson PhD ,&nbsp;Melissa Bradshaw MA ,&nbsp;Sheri Bastien PhD ,&nbsp;Prerna Banati PhD ,&nbsp;John Garry PhD ,&nbsp;Alejandra LÓpez GÓmez PhD ,&nbsp;Caroline Moreau MD PhD ,&nbsp;Chunyan Yu PhD ,&nbsp;Kristin Mmari DrPH ,&nbsp;Md Mizanur Rahman PhD ,&nbsp;Caroline W Kabiru PhD ,&nbsp;Mark Tomlinson PhD","doi":"10.1016/S2352-4642(25)00190-7","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S2352-4642(25)00190-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Adolescence is a pivotal stage for sexual and reproductive health and rights (SRHR). Young adolescents (aged 10–14 years) undergo sexual and reproductive maturation, yet research on their SRHR lags behind that of older adolescents. To address this gap, WHO commissioned a research priority-setting exercise focused on the SRHR of young adolescents using an adapted mixed-methods Child Health and Nutrition Research Initiative methodology. Over 300 stakeholders from more than 60 countries—including academics, policy makers, advocates, and youth advisors—participated in defining and evaluating research priorities against two evaluation criteria: answerability and impact. 30 research priorities were identified, with top-ranked priorities focusing on the role of social media in young adolescents' SRHR, mental health challenges, and disparities in SRHR needs among marginalised subpopulations. The findings highlight the importance of ethical engagement with young adolescents and implementation of tailored comprehensive sexuality education. The identified research priorities emphasise the need for scalable interventions and policies that align with young adolescents' developmental needs and the needs of their caregivers while addressing sociocultural barriers. The research priorities also reflect a clear ambition to develop and implement co-designed, age-appropriate, and scalable SRHR education and health interventions for young adolescents, laying the foundation for long-term wellbeing.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":54238,"journal":{"name":"Lancet Child & Adolescent Health","volume":"9 10","pages":"Pages 724-734"},"PeriodicalIF":15.5,"publicationDate":"2025-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144857734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}