Translational Medicine at UniSa最新文献

{"title":"A Case Series of Blastic Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cell Neoplasia.","authors":"B Serio, V Giudice, M D'Addona, R Guariglia, M Gorrese, A Bertolini, F D'Alto, B Cuffa, D Pellegrino, M Langella, C Selleri","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm (BPDCN), an extremely rare and aggressive tumor, derives from plasmacytoid dendritic cell precursors and is characterized by CD4 and CD56 positivity accompanied by the expression of isolated myeloid, B- or T-cell lineage markers. Despite the recent introduction of specific targeted therapies, prognosis is still poor with a median overall survival of one year, and allogeneic bone marrow transplantation remains the only curative treatment in eligible patients. In this series, we described two cases of adult BPDCN treated with high dose cytarabine and methotrexate and autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, or fludarabine, cytarabine, and idarubicin achieving the first a complete lasting remission, while the second only a transient improvement in skin lesions.</p>","PeriodicalId":54170,"journal":{"name":"Translational Medicine at UniSa","volume":"23 ","pages":"63-66"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8370518/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9200535","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Saving Limited Resources During Covid-19 Pandemic.","authors":"O Piazza","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54170,"journal":{"name":"Translational Medicine at UniSa","volume":"23 ","pages":"20-21"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8370519/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9338233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Histopathology of Celiac Disease. Position Statements of the Italian Group of Gastrointestinal Pathologists (GIPAD-SIAPEC).","authors":"V Villanacci, C Ciacci, T Salviato, G Leoncini, L Reggiani Bonetti, T Ragazzini, F Limarzi, L Saragoni","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Celiac Disease (CeD) is an immune-mediated inflammatory disorder of the small intestine, affecting genetically susceptible individuals when exposed to gluten. Small intestinal biopsy interpretation has been the \"gold standard\" for celiac disease (CeD) for over 50 years. Despite today's availability of sensitive and specific serological tests, the histopathological features from mucosal biopsy play a key role in diagnosing when CeD is suspected. Such a diagnostic approach requires a multidisciplinary team to optimize both tissue sampling and interpretation via the interaction between the pathologist and the gastroenterologist. Pathologists of the Italian Group of Gastrointestinal Pathology (GIPAD-SIAPEC), together with a member (TR) of the Italian Society of Technicians (AITIC) and an expert gastroenterologist (CC), provide position statements as a practical tool for reading and interpreting the report. Moreover, a position statement was formulated about the recently described condition known as Non-Celiac Gluten Sensitivity (NCGS). Within such a diagnostic setting, both the architectural abnormalities of the duodenal mucosa, namely glandular hyperplasia, and villous atrophy and the number of intraepithelial T-lymphocytes should be well highlighted. Ancillary tests such as anti-CD3 stain are useful for an accurate count of the intraepithelial T lymphocytes when CeD or NCGS is suspected. Moreover, anti-CD3 and anti-CD8 stains are recommended in patients not responding to the gluten-free diet (GFD) to confirm a diagnosis of Refractory Celiac Disease (RCeD). Diagnostic clues about the differential diagnosis of both CeD and RCeD have also been rendered.</p>","PeriodicalId":54170,"journal":{"name":"Translational Medicine at UniSa","volume":"23 ","pages":"28-36"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8370535/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9200536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Frailty of the Invincible.","authors":"M Illario, V Zavagli, L Noronha Ferreira, M Sambati, A Teixeira, F Lanata, S Pais, J Farrell, D Tramontano","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The COVID-19 pandemic has unveiled the frailty of our societies from too many points of view to look away. We need to understand why we were all caught unprepared. On the one hand, we have all short memories. As we forget too quickly, we were unable to recognize key factors influencing response and preparedness to public health threats. For many years, economic evaluation pushed governments all over the world to cut resources for public health systems, with COVID-19 pandemic the question arises: do we spend too much or too little on health care? What is the right amount to spend on health? Moreover, in many countries, the privatisation, or semi-privatisation, of healthcare may give rise to inequitable access to health care for everyone. Although COVID-19 is very \"democratic\", its consequences aren't. According to OECD, income inequality in OECD countries is at its highest level for the past half century. Three main causes have been recognized, technological revolution, globalization, and \"financialisation\". In this scenario, lockdown measures adopted to save lives are showing dramatic economic consequences. To address post COVID-19 reconstruction we need to go beyond GDP. As an economic measure this has many shortcomings in describing the real well-being of a country, and since what we measure affects what we do, new paradigms will have to guide the post COVID-19 reconstruction strategies, as the fate of countries and their citizens is at stake.</p>","PeriodicalId":54170,"journal":{"name":"Translational Medicine at UniSa","volume":"23 ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8370525/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9200540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Head and Neck Surgery Residency during Covid-19 Pandemic. Lessons from Southern Italy.","authors":"P De Luca","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54170,"journal":{"name":"Translational Medicine at UniSa","volume":"23 ","pages":"37-38"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8370526/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9338235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Meningoencephalitis Associated with SARS-Coronavirus-2.","authors":"G. Iaconetta, P. De Luca, A. Scarpa, C. Cassandro, E. Cassandro","doi":"10.37825/2239-9747.1007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37825/2239-9747.1007","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this work is to clarify the incidence of meningitis/encephalitis in SARS-CoV-2 patients. We conducted an initial search in PubMed using the Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms \"meningitis,\" and \"encephalitis,\", and \"COVID-19\" to affirm the need for a review on the topic of the relationship between meningitis/encephalitis and SARS-CoV-2 infection. We included case series, case reports and review articles of COVID-19 patients with these neurological symptoms. Through PubMed database we identified 110 records. After removal of duplicates, we screened 70 record, and 43 were excluded because they focused on different SARS-CoV-2 neurological complications. For eligibility, we assessed 27 full-text articles which met inclusion criteria. Seven articles were excluded, and twenty studies were included in the narrative review, in which encephalitis and/or meningitis case reports/case series were reported. Neurological manifestations of COVID-19 are not rare, especially meningoencephalitis; the hypoxic/metabolic changes produced by the inflammatory response against the virus cytokine storm can lead to encephalopathy, and the presence of comorbidities and other neurological diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease, predispose to these metabolic changes. Further study are needed to investigate the biological mechanisms of neurological complications of COVID-19.","PeriodicalId":54170,"journal":{"name":"Translational Medicine at UniSa","volume":"23 1","pages":"42-47"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47553661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Many Faces of Covid-19: Organizing Pneumonia (OP) Pattern HRCT Features","authors":"G. Rea, T. Valente, R. Lieto, G. Bocchini, E. Marchiori, A. Pinto, A. Maglio, A. Vatrella","doi":"10.37825/2239-9747.1001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37825/2239-9747.1001","url":null,"abstract":"Covid-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) is an infectious disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). On 30 January 2020 the World Health Organization (WHO) declared that the outbreak of Covid-19 realizes a public health emergency of international concern. Because of the primary involvement of the respiratory system, chest CT is strongly recommended in suspected Covid-19 cases, for both initial and follow-up. We present the case of a Covid-19 patient, a 57-year-old man, with a typical HRCT course of OP reaction.","PeriodicalId":54170,"journal":{"name":"Translational Medicine at UniSa","volume":"23 1","pages":"16 - 18"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70044368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Head and Neck Surgery Residency During Covid-19 Pandemic. Lessons from Southern Italy.","authors":"P. De Luca","doi":"10.37825/2239-9747.1008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37825/2239-9747.1008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54170,"journal":{"name":"Translational Medicine at UniSa","volume":"23 1","pages":"37-38"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46143154","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Saving Limited Resources During Covid-19 Pandemic","authors":"Ornella Piazza","doi":"10.37825/2239-9747.1003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37825/2239-9747.1003","url":null,"abstract":"\"Age (is) an important factor in making the terrible choice of who will receive scarce resources in a pandemic.\", wrote Professor Arthur Caplan, Director of the section of Medical Ethics at the New York UniversityGrossman School of Medicine [1]. This opinion, if extrapolated from its context, would be immediately rejected as inhuman and unacceptable by anyone, medical or lay people, young or old. However, in Italy, the SARSCoV-2 pandemic was marked by the severe lack of personal protective equipment (PPE), mechanical ventilators, hospital beds and in particular ICU beds, and this resulted in an inevitable selection of patients. ICU physicians, often by themselves, face this situation, when ER request exceeds the availability of beds and mechanical ventilators in the area, also before the pandemic. This problem has been aggravated by COVID19, and it is now known and feared by the large audience. If maximizing the number of saved lives is the common societal objective, and when epidemiological and clinical data support the risk of failure, can age lawfully be used for the allocation of a valuable resource as a mechanic ventilator? Simplifying, if there is an equal need between two patients, age can be the decisive element in defining the priority of treatment: lifesaving procedures, such as intubating and ventilating, will be carried out only in younger patients, reserving only less invasive or palliative treatments for the elderly. Following this principle, the elderly, lesser valued citizens, would give young people the right to play their game of life, as defined by the principle of “fair innings”, or fair life expectancy. Is the age of patients the right choice when it is selected as a triage criterion? In my opinion, age must never be the main factor that determines a person's right to intensive care, since it is an unreliable and insufficient index of the patient's ability to respond to intensive care and to recover autonomy functional. A healthy 75-year-old cannot be denied access to resuscitation treatment on the basis of age alone, although elderly patients with severe respiratory insufficiency secondary to COVID-19 have a high probability of dying despite intensive care and, consequently, they may have a lower priority for admission to intensive care in conditions of irremediable and extreme shortage of beds. The Italian Society of Anesthesia (SIAARTI) has published a document entitled \"clinical ethics recommendations for the breakdown of intensive care treatments, in exceptional circumstances limited to resources\" in partial agreement with Professor Caplan. In this document, the principle of \"saving limited resources, which can become extremely scarce, for those who have a much greater chance of survival and life expectancy, in order to maximize the benefits for the greatest number of people\" is stated. COVID 19 acute respiratory disease in frail elderly patients has a long course, and outcomes are more malignant than in healthy young su","PeriodicalId":54170,"journal":{"name":"Translational Medicine at UniSa","volume":"23 1","pages":"20 - 21"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70044609","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surgical VLS Therapy of Oesophageal Achalasia in Pediatric Age: Four Case Reports.","authors":"A Garzi,&nbsp;M Prestipino,&nbsp;M S Rubino,&nbsp;E Calabrò","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Authors present a retrospective review of their record of cases, characterized by 4 cases of achalasia in which it was performed a Heller myotomy with front fundoplication (Thall) in laparoscopic approach in the period from 2012 to 2019. In paediatric achalasia, the laparoscopic Heller myotomy seems to be the best treatment because of its multiple advantages offered by the minimally invasive technique. First of all, thanks to the video-technique, which allows a complete and extended myotomy, the accuracy of this operation is maximized; moreover, the post-operative pain is widely reduced, thanks to the minimal dissection and traction of the tissues; finally, but not negligible, this approach ensures a better aesthetic result than the classic open technique. With regard to the front fundoplication, the Authors suggest that it is mandatory because, even if it extends the operating time, it ensures a natural protection to the myotomy herniated mucosa and avoids gastro-oesophageal reflux, which often occurs after the surgical correction, thus obliging to perform a reoperation.</p>","PeriodicalId":54170,"journal":{"name":"Translational Medicine at UniSa","volume":"22 ","pages":"38-43"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2020-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7265914/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38036756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}