Translational Medicine at UniSa最新文献

{"title":"Anaesthesiologist-led Multidisciplinary Model for Evaluating High-risk Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) Surgical Patients.","authors":"Giuseppe Mincolelli, Matteo L Leoni, Marco Cascella, Marco Mercieri, Ruggero M Corso","doi":"10.37825/2239-9747.1062","DOIUrl":"10.37825/2239-9747.1062","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":54170,"journal":{"name":"Translational Medicine at UniSa","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11466290/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142401952","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical Activity in Cancer Rehabilitation and Technology Acceptance: Results From the \"Oncology in Motion\" Project.","authors":"Helena Biancuzzi, Francesca Dal Mas, Maurizio Massaro, Beatrice Apicerni, Lorenzo Cobianchi, Rym Bednarova, Giulia Bongiorno, Alessandro Vittori, Marco Cascella, Luca Miceli","doi":"10.37825/2239-9747.1063","DOIUrl":"10.37825/2239-9747.1063","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>The international literature underlines that physical activity has a role in preventing cancer and is beneficial for cancer recovery and rehabilitation. Therefore, patient education is essential to stimulate training. Telemedicine and e-health tools like apps and wearables can support patients' education and the monitoring of their health condition and progress.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The article reports the results of the Oncology in Motion telemedicine program of the National Cancer Institute of Aviano, Italy, to provide breast cancer patients with a personalized fitness path and telemonitoring.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>144 women took part in the program. Low adherence was recorded, performing the customized training schedule and, for those women sticking to the plan, using the technological devices and submitting the training data to the Institute.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Low technology acceptance and literacy, laziness, and lack of collaboration between cancer centers stood among the causes of low adherence, calling for more comprehensive and effective educational programs and support to stimulate physical activity and the use of new devices to get personalized counseling and contribute to the creation of knowledge.</p>","PeriodicalId":54170,"journal":{"name":"Translational Medicine at UniSa","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11460528/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142395245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Instrumental Diagnosis of Placenta Accreta and Obstetric and Perinatal Outcomes: Literature Review and Observational Study.","authors":"Maria A Castaldi, Alessandro P Torelli, Pasqualina Scala, Salvatore G Castaldi, Antonio Mollo, Giorgia Perniola, Mario Polichetti","doi":"10.37825/2239-9747.1060","DOIUrl":"10.37825/2239-9747.1060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aim: </strong>Placenta accreta (PA) is a condition where the placenta is pathologically adherent to the uterus due to a defect in the basal decidua with myometrium invasion by chorionic villi and is classified based on the depth of myometrial invasion by histology. However, ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging have excellent accuracy. In this study, we investigated clinical benefits of early instrumental diagnosis of PA, especially in reducing maternal-fetal complications and improving perinatal outcomes. We also evaluated diagnostic accuracy of ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging on placental invasiveness assessment.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>In this review and observational retrospective study, risk factors of PA were collected, and pregnant women underwent third-trimester ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to evaluate the degree of infiltration. Imaging results compared to histological findings and surgical evaluation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 38 patients were diagnosed with at the University Hospital \"San Giovanni di Dio and Ruggi d'Aragona\", Salerno, Italy, by second-trimester ultrasound with high sensitivity (100%) and accuracy (86%). Moreover, 37 of them performed MRI and 60.5% were diagnosed with Accreta, 7.9% increta, 10.5% percreta, and 21.1% not accrue with high sensitivity (100%), specificity (88.9%), and accuracy (97.4%). Histological assay confirmed MRI findings in 96.7% of cases. Risk factors of PA were age >35 years and previous CT scans. In unborn babies, mean 1-min Apgar was 4.3 (range, 3-6), and mean 5-min Apgar was 7.13 (range, 7-9).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MRI could be a not-invasive, specific, sensitive, and accurate diagnostic tool for assessing the degree of infiltration in PA, and could guide clinical decisions, such as delivery plan, thus reducing perioperative and fetal complications.</p>","PeriodicalId":54170,"journal":{"name":"Translational Medicine at UniSa","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11460529/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142395243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Novel Targets and Strategies Addressing Residual Cardiovascular Risk in Post-acute Coronary Syndromes Patients.","authors":"Francesco P Cancro, Michele Bellino, Angelo Silverio, Marco Di Maio, Luca Esposito, Rossana Palumbo, Martina L Manna, Ciro Formisano, Germano Ferruzzi, Carmine Vecchione, Gennaro Galasso","doi":"10.37825/2239-9747.1058","DOIUrl":"10.37825/2239-9747.1058","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite the advancement in secondary cardiovascular prevention strategies for post-acute coronary syndrome (ACS) patients, the development of new drugs addressing dyslipidemia and the personalization of dual antiplatelet therapies (DAPT), these patients continue to suffer a significant incidence of recurrent ischemic events. Therefore, novel targets that can be tackled to reduce cardiovascular risk are needed to improve the outcome of this very high-risk population. The role of chronic inflammation and inflammasome in the development and progression of atherosclerosis has been broadly investigated in patients with established coronary artery disease (CAD) and recent randomized trials have highlighted the possibility to manage these targets with specific drugs such as colchicine and monocolonal antibodies with a significant improvement of cardiovascular outcomes in post-ACS patients. Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is the most promising non-traditional risk factor and has shown to predict worse outcome in post-ACS patients. Lowering Lp(a) through PCSK9 inhibitors and specific targeted therapies has shown positive results in reducing adverse cardiovascular events in patients with established CAD. The effect of microbiome and its alteration in gut dysbiosis seems to actively participate in residual cardiovascular risk of CAD patients; however, the risk-modifying effect of targeted-microbiome therapies hasn't been yet investigated in large population-based studies. Long-term outcome of post-ACS patients is a complex puzzle of multiple factors. In this minireview, we summarize the emerging risk factors that may interplay in the residual risk of post-ACS patients and their possible prognostic and therapeutic implications.</p>","PeriodicalId":54170,"journal":{"name":"Translational Medicine at UniSa","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11460530/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142395244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Telerehabilitation: A Solution for Patients After Hip Fracture?","authors":"Alessia Bramanti, Rossella Ciurleo, Carmine Vecchione, Andrea Turolla, Noemi Piramide, Michele Ciccarelli, Erica Piramide, Marina Garofano, Michele Senatore, Mariaconsiglia Calabrese","doi":"10.37825/2239-9747.1048","DOIUrl":"10.37825/2239-9747.1048","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>- Hip fracture is the most common cause of hospitalization in frail geriatric subjects due to osteoporosis and recurrent falls. The clinical practice guidelines for rehabilitation after surgery in patients with hip fractures recommend to start treatment early. However, the outbreak of SARS-CoV-2 pandemic between December 2019 and January 2020 forced to lockdown. Thus, telerehabilitation seemed the best solution to remote assistance. In this scenario, the aim of our study is to assess the effects of telerehabilitation and to clarify and rearrange the knowledge about its usability and feasibility in patients after hip fracture in emergency conditions, such as the pandemic of SARS-CoV-2. Three databases were systematically searched from caption to December 2023, considering only articles published in peer-reviewed journals, with the use of three macro-areas: 'telerehabilitation', 'remote rehabilitation' and 'hip fracture'. In the present review, 26 articles were considered eligible and 10 were included. Heterogeneous results were found due to the different characteristics of the patients recruited in the studies, designs and type of the studies, and reporting/conducting of the research. Also, the typologies of telerehabilitation provided were various. In conclusion, this review demonstrated that telerehabilitation is safe, effective and well tolerated from patients and seems to be not inferior to the conventional physiotherapy. It also plays a positive role in psychological rehabilitation, in the prevention of complications and in the maintenance of achieved goals. However, further studies are needed to guide the clinical practice in providing the better posology and typology of telerehabilitation.</p>","PeriodicalId":54170,"journal":{"name":"Translational Medicine at UniSa","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10980289/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140337645","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Two-year Opioid Prescription Trends in Local Sanitary Agency Naples 3 South, Campania Region, Italy. Descriptive Analyses and AI-based Translational Perspectives.","authors":"Marco Cascella, Maurizio Capuozzo, Francesco Ferrara, Alessandro Ottaiano, Francesco Perri, Francesco Sabbatino, Valeria Conti, Vittorio Santoriello, Alfonso Maria Ponsiglione, Maria Romano, Francesco Amato, Ornella Piazza","doi":"10.37825/2239-9747.1047","DOIUrl":"10.37825/2239-9747.1047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>This study delves into the two-year opioid prescription trends in the Local Sanitary Agency Naples 3 South, Campania Region, Italy. The research aims to elucidate prescribing patterns, demographics, and dosage categories within a population representing 1.7% of the national total. Perspectives on artificial intelligence research are discussed.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>From the original dataset, spanning from January 2022 to October 2023, we processed multiple variables including demographic data, medications, dosages, drug consumption, and administration routes. The dispensing quantity was calculated as defined daily doses (DDD).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis reveals a conservative approach to opioid therapy. In subjects under the age of 20, prescriptions accounted for 2.1% in 2022 and declined to 1.4% in 2023. The drug combination paracetamol/codeine was the most frequently prescribed, followed by tapentadol. Approximately two-thirds of the consumption pertains to oral formulations. Transdermal formulations were 15% (fentanyl 9.8%, buprenorphine 5.1%) in 2022; and 16.6% (fentanyl 10%, buprenorphine 6.6%) in 2023. These data were confirmed by the DDD analysis. The trend analysis demonstrated a significant reduction ( <i>p</i> < 0.001) in the number of prescribed opioids from 2022 to 2023 in adults (40-69 years). The study of rapid-onset opioids (ROOs), drugs specifically used for breakthrough cancer pain, showed higher dosage (>267 mcg) consumption among women, whereas a lower dosage (<133 mcg) was calculated for men. Fentanyl pectin nasal spray accounted for approximately one-fifth of all ROOs.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Despite limitations, the study provides valuable insights into prescribing practices involving an important study population. The findings underscore the need for tailored approaches to prescribing practices, recognizing the complexities of pain management in different contexts. This research can contribute to the ongoing discourse on opioid use, advocating for innovative strategies that optimize therapeutic outcomes while mitigating potential risks.</p>","PeriodicalId":54170,"journal":{"name":"Translational Medicine at UniSa","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10980290/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140337646","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex and Gender in Ageing and Longevity: Highlights From an International Course.","authors":"Giuseppina Candore, Giulia Accardi, Anna Aiello, Giovannella Baggio, Tiziana Bellini, Vittorio Calabrese, Anna P Carreca, Ignazio Carreca, Anna Masucci, Monica Cattaneo, Serena Dato, Danilo Di Bona, Luca Fabris, Caterina Gambino, Gabriele Di Lorenzo, Claudio Franceschi, Mattia E Ligotti, Maria C Manfrinato, Annibale A Puca, Martina Tamburello, Roberta Vassallo, Calogero Caruso","doi":"10.37825/2239-9747.1049","DOIUrl":"10.37825/2239-9747.1049","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gender medicine is a multidisciplinary science and represents an important perspective for pathophysiological and clinical studies in the third millennium. Here, it is provided an overview of the topics discussed in a recent course on the Role of Sex and Gender in Ageing and Longevity. The paper highlights three themes discussed in the course, i.e., the interaction of gender/sex with, i) the pathophysiology of age-related diseases; ii), the role of genetics and epigenetics in ageing and longevity and, iii) the immune responses of older people to pathogens, vaccines, autoantigens, and allergens. Although largely unexplored, it is clear that sex and gender are modulators of disease biology and treatment outcomes. It is becoming evident that men and women should no longer be considered as subgroups, but as biologically distinct groups of patients deserving consideration for specific therapeutic approaches.</p>","PeriodicalId":54170,"journal":{"name":"Translational Medicine at UniSa","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10980291/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140337644","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A New and Effective Procedure for Advanced Oral Cancer Therapy: The Potential of a Cancer Stem Cell Assay in Guiding Chemotherapy.","authors":"Francesca Spirito, Pier Paolo Claudio, Candace M Howard, Jagan Valluri, Krista L Denning, Lorenzo Lo Muzio, Antonio Cortese","doi":"10.37825/2239-9747.1042","DOIUrl":"10.37825/2239-9747.1042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Ineffective anticancer therapy can result in unnecessary toxicity and the development of resistant clones. Many types of solid tumors, including head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, have been found to contain a small population of cancer stem cells (CSCs) that contribute to tumor propagation, maintenance, and treatment resistance.</p><p><strong>Materials and methods: </strong>Selectively enriched CSCs from primary cancer cell cultures can be used in a chemosensitivity assay for a functional test (ChemoID) that uses patients' live tumor cells to indicate which chemotherapy agent (or \"combinations\") will kill not only the bulk of tumor cells but also the CSCs that are known to cause cancer to recur. This study aimed to show the potential of testing the sensitivity of CSCs enriched from oral cancer patients' biopsies to conventional chemotherapies. A case series of eleven patients affected by advanced oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) have been included in this study. We compared the results of the CSC assay among all the patients and found that there was variability in the chemotherapy response predicted by the assay.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Variability in chemotherapy response was found by the CSC assay in advanced OSCC patients suggesting more precise and personalized therapies to the Oncologist.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Variability in chemosensitivity for OSCC warrants the need to investigate further the use of the assay in larger cohorts to gain a broader understanding of the utility of the clinical test.</p>","PeriodicalId":54170,"journal":{"name":"Translational Medicine at UniSa","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2023-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10740711/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139032891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sicilian semi- and supercentenarians: age-related NK cell immunophenotype and longevity trait definition","authors":"Mattia Emanuela Ligotti, Giulia Accardi, Anna Aiello, Anna Calabrò, Calogero Caruso, Anna Maria Corsale, Francesco Dieli, Marta Di Simone, Serena Meraviglia, Giuseppina Candore","doi":"10.37825/2239-9747.1041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37825/2239-9747.1041","url":null,"abstract":"The immune system of semi- and super-centenarians (i.e., the oldest centenarians) is believed to have peculiar characteristics that enable them to reach extreme longevity in a relatively healthy state. Therefore, in previous papers, we investigated, through flow cytometry, variations in the percentages of the main subsets of Tαβ and Tγδ cells in a Sicilian cohort of 28 women and 26 men (age range 19-110 years), including 11 long-living individuals (>90 years old) and 8 oldest centenarians. These investigations suggested that some observed immunophenotypic changes may contribute to the extreme longevity of the oldest centenarians. In the present study, to further characterize the immunophenotype of the oldest centenarians, we examined the percentages of Natural Killer (NK) cells identified as CD3-CD56+CD16+ in the previously described Sicilian cohort. We found a highly significant increase in NK cell percentages with age. When stratified by gender, this significant increase with age was maintained in both sexes, with higher significance observed in males. Our findings on NK cells, together with the previously obtained results, discussed in the context of the literature, suggest that these changes are not unfavourable for centenarians, including the oldest ones, supporting the hypothesis that immune aging should be considered as a differential adaptation rather than a general immune alteration. These adapted immune mechanisms allow the oldest centenarians to successfully adapt to a history of insults and achieve remarkable longevity.","PeriodicalId":54170,"journal":{"name":"Translational Medicine at UniSa","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135301301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What Evidence-Based Medicine (EBM) doesn't say about allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT)","authors":"Gabriele Di Lorenzo, Marcello Melluso, Alessandro Rodolico","doi":"10.37825/2239-9747.1040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37825/2239-9747.1040","url":null,"abstract":"Evidence-based allergology for the treatment of allergic rhinitis with allergen-specific immunotherapy (AIT) has been used in publications by the companies manufacturing AIT. The purpose of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) is to provide physicians, health authorities, patients, and their families with the best evidence upon which to base treatment decisions. However, some RCT results may do more harm than good because they serve the commercial interests of the companies producing and marketing AIT more than the interests of patients. Allergic rhinitis is a trivial disease that is not life-threatening and is easily controlled by drugs. In this paper, we analyze some of the more controversial points underlying the EBM supporting the use of AIT. The paradox behind RCT-based practice is that AIT is based on the results of incorrectly interpreted RCTs. International scientific societies and drug regulatory bodies should analyze trials more carefully, considering potential conflicts of interest","PeriodicalId":54170,"journal":{"name":"Translational Medicine at UniSa","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135718817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}