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Implementation and Evaluation of Lightweight in-Vehicle Security Switch with Hierarchical Hash Table 利用分层哈希表实现和评估轻量级车载安全开关
IF 0.3
IEICE Communications Express Pub Date : 2024-06-11 DOI: 10.23919/comex.2024XBL0093
Yuji Yano;Hisashi Iwamoto;Tsutomu Sasao;Shingo Ata
{"title":"Implementation and Evaluation of Lightweight in-Vehicle Security Switch with Hierarchical Hash Table","authors":"Yuji Yano;Hisashi Iwamoto;Tsutomu Sasao;Shingo Ata","doi":"10.23919/comex.2024XBL0093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/comex.2024XBL0093","url":null,"abstract":"As a result of the growth of autonomous driving technology, vehicle networks increasingly require not only broadband capabilities and real-time communication, but also enhanced security features. In this paper, we propose a lightweight security switch using hierarchical hash table to achieve security functionality at the central gateway within the vehicle network. Our proposed switch combines header information from Layer-2 to Layer-4 to determine whether incoming packets are attack packets or not. It also achieves fast packet forwarding using low-latency hierarchical hash table. We evaluated the system performance with the FPGA board implementing the proposed security switch, and achieved low-latency transfers of 500 nanoseconds or less.","PeriodicalId":54101,"journal":{"name":"IEICE Communications Express","volume":"13 8","pages":"347-350"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10554805","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141973530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
QoS Evaluation of ATS in IEEE 802.1TSN on In-Vehicle Ethernet by Comparing with CBS and TAS 通过与 CBS 和 TAS 比较，评估车载以太网 IEEE 802.1TSN 中的 ATS 的 QoS
IF 0.3
IEICE Communications Express Pub Date : 2024-06-11 DOI: 10.23919/comex.2024XBL0085
Akari Yoshimura;Yoshihiro Ito
{"title":"QoS Evaluation of ATS in IEEE 802.1TSN on In-Vehicle Ethernet by Comparing with CBS and TAS","authors":"Akari Yoshimura;Yoshihiro Ito","doi":"10.23919/comex.2024XBL0085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/comex.2024XBL0085","url":null,"abstract":"This paper evaluates the QoS of Ethernet-based in-vehicle networks with Asynchronous Traffic Shaping (ATS), Credit-Based Shaper (CBS), and Traffic Aware Shaper (TAS), which are QoS controls defined in IEEE 802.1TSN(Time Sensitive Networking), by experiment; it then compares QoS among them. Since the number of ECUs is increasing and moving toward the realization of fully automated vehicles, Ethernet is being introduced to send them. In addition, as Ethernet-based in-vehicle networks are being deployed, adopting IEEE 802.1TSN is also being considered. Although many studies have evaluated QoS controls, such as CBS and TAS, few studies of QoS provided ATS over in-vehicle networks. Thus, the authors evaluate the QoS of ATS and then compare ATS to the other QoS controls by two experiments. One evaluates basic QoS, and the other treats actual use cases. Experimental results show that ATS can suppress maximum delay and frame losses more than the other controls when the frame interval is wide and the size is large over in-vehicle network. Moreover, they also indicate that ATS can reduce the maximum delay and delay jitter at the sacrifice of the frame loss rate by lowering the maximum residence time. Therefore, if the requirement for delay is more important than that for frame losses. it is better to adopt ATS.","PeriodicalId":54101,"journal":{"name":"IEICE Communications Express","volume":"13 9","pages":"355-358"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10554799","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142090808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning for Cooperative Trajectory Design of UAV-BS Fleets in Terrestrial/Non-Terrestrial Integrated Networks 地面/非地面集成网络中无人机-BS 机队合作轨迹设计的多代理强化学习
IF 0.3
IEICE Communications Express Pub Date : 2024-06-11 DOI: 10.23919/comex.2024XBL0084
Linh T. Hoang;Chuyen T. Nguyen;Hoang D. Le;Anh T. Pham
{"title":"Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning for Cooperative Trajectory Design of UAV-BS Fleets in Terrestrial/Non-Terrestrial Integrated Networks","authors":"Linh T. Hoang;Chuyen T. Nguyen;Hoang D. Le;Anh T. Pham","doi":"10.23919/comex.2024XBL0084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/comex.2024XBL0084","url":null,"abstract":"Aerial base stations (ABSs) have been envisioned as a promising technology toward ubiquitous coverage and seamless high-rate connectivity in sixth-generation (6G) wireless networks. With the inherent mobility but limited communication range, the placement of ABSs should adapt to the time-varying network conditions, e.g., the user distribution and wireless channel state. This letter investigates the cooperative trajectory of UAVs in an integrated terrestrial and non-terrestrial network (TNTN), where unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) are deployed as ABSs to supplement the terrestrial macro base station (mBS). We formulate an optimization problem to maximize the number of users with a certain minimum data rate, which is solved using multi-agent reinforcement learning (MARL). Numerical results show that the proposed design is superior to conventional approaches for the cooperative trajectory of UAVs, including K-means clustering-based and single-agent reinforcement learning (SARL)-based methods.","PeriodicalId":54101,"journal":{"name":"IEICE Communications Express","volume":"13 8","pages":"327-330"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10554673","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141973493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Special Cluster on Antennas and Propagation Technologies 2023 2023 年天线与传播技术专题组
IF 0.3
IEICE Communications Express Pub Date : 2024-06-03 DOI: 10.23919/comex.2024SPF0001
{"title":"Special Cluster on Antennas and Propagation Technologies 2023","authors":"","doi":"10.23919/comex.2024SPF0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/comex.2024SPF0001","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this special cluster is to report advanced technologies of antennas and propagation, such as next-generation mobile communication systems, MIMO, PAN/BAN, Metamaterials, and wireless power transmission.","PeriodicalId":54101,"journal":{"name":"IEICE Communications Express","volume":"13 6","pages":"167-167"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10547194","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141245278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Estimation Formula of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Base Stations Density for Required Line-of-Sight Probability in Urban Environments 城市环境中必要视线概率下的无人机基站密度估算公式
IF 0.3
IEICE Communications Express Pub Date : 2024-04-08 DOI: 10.23919/comex.2024SPL0014
Yusuke Hata;Hisato Iwai;Shinsuke Ibi
{"title":"Estimation Formula of Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Base Stations Density for Required Line-of-Sight Probability in Urban Environments","authors":"Yusuke Hata;Hisato Iwai;Shinsuke Ibi","doi":"10.23919/comex.2024SPL0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/comex.2024SPL0014","url":null,"abstract":"The line-of-sight (LOS) probability in an urban environment assuming unmanned aerial vehicle base stations (UAV-BSs) is studied. We establish an estimation formula to calculate the minimum density of UAV-BSs required to achieve a certain LOS probability over an area.","PeriodicalId":54101,"journal":{"name":"IEICE Communications Express","volume":"13 6","pages":"198-201"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10494931","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141245059","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Measurement of Inter-WBAN Interference Power in Dynamic User-Dense Environment Using Wearable ${2times 2}$ Elements Patch Array Antenna at 15 GHz 使用 15 GHz 的可穿戴 ${2times 2}$ 元贴片阵列天线测量动态用户密集环境中的无线局域网间干扰功率
IF 0.3
IEICE Communications Express Pub Date : 2024-04-08 DOI: 10.23919/comex.2024TCL0017
Renta Fukui;Kohei Akimoto;Teruo Tobana
{"title":"Measurement of Inter-WBAN Interference Power in Dynamic User-Dense Environment Using Wearable ${2times 2}$ Elements Patch Array Antenna at 15 GHz","authors":"Renta Fukui;Kohei Akimoto;Teruo Tobana","doi":"10.23919/comex.2024TCL0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/comex.2024TCL0017","url":null,"abstract":"The wireless body area network (WBAN) using higher frequency band than the conventional microwave band WBAN suppresses inter-WBAN interference problem in a user-dense environment. In this paper, we propose a propagation loss model with multi-user blocking and compare with the measurement result of the inter-WBAN interference power at dynamic multi-user environment using wearable directional \u0000<tex>$2times 2$</tex>\u0000 elements patch array antenna for WBAN at 15 GHz. The results show that the distribution characteristics vary with the user density, and antenna directivity coefficient with blockage area scheme improves the accuracy of the propagation model.","PeriodicalId":54101,"journal":{"name":"IEICE Communications Express","volume":"13 8","pages":"311-314"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10494927","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141973494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
16 QAM-OFDM Receiver Using 1-bit ADC for Noise Utilization: Characterization in Fading Channels with Large Amplitude Fluctuations 使用 1 位 ADC 的 16 QAM-OFDM 接收器的噪声利用：大振幅波动衰减信道中的特性分析
IF 0.3
IEICE Communications Express Pub Date : 2024-04-08 DOI: 10.23919/comex.2024TCL0018
Arata Isozaki;Takaya Yamazato;Masato Saito;Shan Lu
{"title":"16 QAM-OFDM Receiver Using 1-bit ADC for Noise Utilization: Characterization in Fading Channels with Large Amplitude Fluctuations","authors":"Arata Isozaki;Takaya Yamazato;Masato Saito;Shan Lu","doi":"10.23919/comex.2024TCL0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/comex.2024TCL0018","url":null,"abstract":"The performance of 1-bit Analogue-to-Digital Converter (ADC) receivers is vulnerable to degradation in environments with significant signal amplitude fluctuations, due to quantization errors inherent in binary outputs. Thus, it becomes crucial to verify the effectiveness of 1-bit ADC receivers under such conditions. In this study, we conduct an evaluation of previously proposed 1-bit ADC receivers in Rician and Rayleigh fading channels, where both signal amplitude and phase exhibit dynamic fluctuations. We confirm the effectiveness of 1-bit ADC receivers in such fading environments. However, we observe that the degree of degradation of Signal-to-Noise Ratio (SNR) versus Bit Error Rate (BER) due to signal amplitude and phase variations depends on the employed demodulation method.","PeriodicalId":54101,"journal":{"name":"IEICE Communications Express","volume":"13 8","pages":"302-306"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10494936","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141973466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Optical Power Delivery with Suppressed Fiber Fuse in Standard Single Mode Fiber at a Wavelength of 1064 nm 在波长为 1064 nm 的标准单模光纤中使用抑制型光纤熔丝进行光功率传输
IF 0.3
IEICE Communications Express Pub Date : 2024-04-08 DOI: 10.23919/comex.2024TCL0009
Masahiro Ono;Kenji Kurokawa;Masaki Wada;Kouhei Omoto;Takashi Matsui;Kazuhide Nakajima
{"title":"Optical Power Delivery with Suppressed Fiber Fuse in Standard Single Mode Fiber at a Wavelength of 1064 nm","authors":"Masahiro Ono;Kenji Kurokawa;Masaki Wada;Kouhei Omoto;Takashi Matsui;Kazuhide Nakajima","doi":"10.23919/comex.2024TCL0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/comex.2024TCL0009","url":null,"abstract":"We confirm the suppression of both fiber-fuse propagation and initiation in standard single mode fibers (SMFs) by using optical pulses with a pulse period of \u0000<tex>$7.5 mu mathrm{s}$</tex>\u0000, for an average input power of 2.0 w and wavelength of 1064 nm. Using the same optical pulses, we demonstrated optical power delivery with a suppressed fiber fuse in a 1.1 km SMF.","PeriodicalId":54101,"journal":{"name":"IEICE Communications Express","volume":"13 8","pages":"299-301"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10494947","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141973527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Fairness-Aware Transmitter Design for OFDMA-Based Full-Duplex Wireless Powered Communication Networks 基于 OFDMA 的全双工无线供电通信网络的公平感知发射机设计
IF 0.3
IEICE Communications Express Pub Date : 2024-04-08 DOI: 10.23919/comex.2024XBL0043
Keigo Hirashima;Teruyuki Miyajima
{"title":"Fairness-Aware Transmitter Design for OFDMA-Based Full-Duplex Wireless Powered Communication Networks","authors":"Keigo Hirashima;Teruyuki Miyajima","doi":"10.23919/comex.2024XBL0043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/comex.2024XBL0043","url":null,"abstract":"This letter introduces a transmitter design algorithm that prioritizes user fairness for OFDMA-based full-duplex wireless powered communication networks. In the energy transmitter, beamforming is determined to efficiently transmit energy signals to user terminals while minimizing interference to the information receiver, and the transmit power is allocated according to a proportional fairness criterion. In user terminals, subbands are allocated based on minimum rate maximization for information transmission using the harvested power. The simulation results demonstrate that the proposed design algorithm achieves superior user fairness compared to the conventional sum-rate maximization algorithm.","PeriodicalId":54101,"journal":{"name":"IEICE Communications Express","volume":"13 6","pages":"227-230"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10494941","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141245123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Determination of Optimal Sample Length for Passive Intermodulation Measurements in Microstrip Lines with Non-Contact Connections 确定非接触连接微带线无源互调测量的最佳采样长度
IF 0.3
IEICE Communications Express Pub Date : 2024-04-08 DOI: 10.23919/comex.2024XBL0026
Musashi Shirakawa;Ryunosuke Murofushi;Nobuhiro Kuga;Eiji Hanayama
{"title":"Determination of Optimal Sample Length for Passive Intermodulation Measurements in Microstrip Lines with Non-Contact Connections","authors":"Musashi Shirakawa;Ryunosuke Murofushi;Nobuhiro Kuga;Eiji Hanayama","doi":"10.23919/comex.2024XBL0026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/comex.2024XBL0026","url":null,"abstract":"In the passive intermodulation (PIM) measurement of microstrip lines using non-contact planar connector, this letter presents a proper sample length for the 3rd-order PIM measurement due to closely frequency-spaced transmission waves. Our experimental study using nickel-plated samples as a distributed PIM source reveals that a spacing between non-contact connectors should be a quarter guided wavelength in order to suppress the effect of non-contact connectors on the PIM measurement results and maximize the observed reverse PIM. We also demonstrate a circuit-network simulation using the harmonic balance method, which agrees well with and validates the experiments.","PeriodicalId":54101,"journal":{"name":"IEICE Communications Express","volume":"13 6","pages":"210-213"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10494929","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141245280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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