{"title":"Indoor Localization System Based on Weighted Centroid Enhanced by Radio Location Fingerprint and its Android Application","authors":"Masato Sawase;Tatsuki Yanagawa;Kazuki Komatsu;Hideyuki Uehara","doi":"10.23919/comex.2026XBL0091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/comex.2026XBL0091","url":null,"abstract":"We previously developed an indoor localization system based on Wi-Fi received signal strength (RSS), achieving room-, floor-, and corridor-level localizations within the Toyohashi University of Technology (TUT) campus. However, the error in corridor localization can be significant in certain areas, depending on the placement of access points (APs), due to the inherent limitations of weighted centroid localization (WCL). This study aims to improve localization errors by combining WCL with radio fingerprint localization (FPL). To achieve this combination, we develop a section estimation technique to determine whether to apply WCL or FPL for corridor-level localization. We demonstrate that the combined scheme achieves smaller localization errors than WCL. Furthermore, we show that it has been implemented and performs well on Android devices.","PeriodicalId":54101,"journal":{"name":"IEICE Communications Express","volume":"15 10","pages":"389-393"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11653577","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149072278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"RIS-Assisted Integrated Sensing, Communication and Energy Harvesting","authors":"Yongjie Li;Jing Shen;Jizhao Lu;Chang Liang;Jinglong Zhao;Xiangchuan Gao","doi":"10.23919/comex.2026XBL0095","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/comex.2026XBL0095","url":null,"abstract":"This paper studies a reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS)- assisted integrated sensing, communication, and energy harvesting system. The sensing beampattern gain is maximized by jointly optimizing the base station beamforming and RIS phase shifts under communication and energy constraints. A semidefinite relaxation (SDR) benchmark and a low-complexity (LC) alternating algorithm are developed. The SDR method provides a performance reference, while the LC design relies on Lagrangian dual updates and coordinate descent for practical implementation. Numerical results further show that the proposed design maintains sensing performance under different communication and harvesting requirements. Simulations show that the LC design achieves near-SDR performance with lower complexity and effectively captures the tradeoff among sensing, communication, and energy harvesting.","PeriodicalId":54101,"journal":{"name":"IEICE Communications Express","volume":"15 10","pages":"399-403"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11653578","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149072248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Koki Abe;Shugo Kaji;Daisuke Fujimoto;Masahiro Kinugawa;Laurent Sauvage;Jean-Luc Danger;Yuichi Hayashi
{"title":"Individual Identification Method for Electronic Devices Using Differences in Spectrum Emissions Caused by Manufacturing and Assembly Variations","authors":"Koki Abe;Shugo Kaji;Daisuke Fujimoto;Masahiro Kinugawa;Laurent Sauvage;Jean-Luc Danger;Yuichi Hayashi","doi":"10.23919/comex.2026XBL0124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/comex.2026XBL0124","url":null,"abstract":"The proliferation of counterfeit electronic parts, including integrated circuits (ICs) and other components, threatens system functionality and can lead to critical failures. This paper presents a device identification method based on spectral emission differences as a fundamental step toward board-level authenticity assurance. The proposed method actively extracts device-to-device differences originating in semiconductor manufacturing and observes them together with additional variations introduced by components, interconnects, and printed circuit boards (PCBs). Specifically, a marker signal in the MHz band is generated inside the IC. As this signal propagates through and radiates from the PCB, the characteristics of the source, path, and antenna are superimposed on the observed spectrum. The peak amplitudes of the fundamental and harmonic components are then used as identification features. An evaluation using six commercial microcontrollers showed that all devices were correctly identified by averaging three measurements, and that the maximum misidentification rate was limited to 5.6% even for a single measurement.","PeriodicalId":54101,"journal":{"name":"IEICE Communications Express","volume":"15 10","pages":"404-408"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11653580","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149072281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Perception-Aware Risk-Constrained Replication and Roaming for Reliable Wireless TSN Flows in Mobile Robotics","authors":"Kun Feng;Xin Qiu;Rui Guo","doi":"10.23919/comex.2026XBL0100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/comex.2026XBL0100","url":null,"abstract":"We present PARR, a perception-aware, risk-constrained replication-and-roaming policy for wireless links carrying time-sensitive-networking (TSN) flows in mobile robotics. PARR is not a MAC scheduler or a standalone predictor: IEEE 802.1CB frame replication (FRER) provides reliability, while LiDAR geometry and an online-calibrated shadow-fading residual decide when, where, and over which access points (APs) to replicate at minimum airtime. On a 3GPP TR 38.901 indoor-factory channel with correlated shadowing, PARR matches blanket-FRER reliability at about one-third of its airtime, stays robust as shadowing grows where threshold and reactive baselines fail, and, unlike blanket FRER which is harmful under contention, scales to sixteen coexisting robots.","PeriodicalId":54101,"journal":{"name":"IEICE Communications Express","volume":"15 10","pages":"394-398"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11653579","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149072337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"ISRS-Supported 86.5-Tbps L+U-Band Transmission Over 70.4-km Field-Deployed DSF with PPLN-Based Wavelength-Band Converters","authors":"Kosuke Kimura;Shimpei Shimizu;Megumi Hoshi;Akira Kawai;Masashi Abe;Takushi Kazama;Koji Enbutsu;Takahiro Kashiwazaki;Asuka Inoue;Shunya Konno;Kana Sumihara;Masanori Nakamura;Fukutaro Hamaoka;Takeshi Umeki;Takayuki Kobayashi;Yutaka Miyamoto;Tomoyuki Kato;Yu Tanaka;Takeshi Hoshida","doi":"10.23919/comex.2026XBL0027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/comex.2026XBL0027","url":null,"abstract":"We demonstrate 86.5-Tbps (801.5 Gbps × 108 channels) wavelength division multiplexing (WDM) transmission using the L- and U-bands over a 10.8-THz bandwidth across 70.4 km of field-deployed dispersion-shifted fiber (DSF). The key enabling technology is the wavelength-band conversion using periodically poled lithium niobate (PPLN) waveguides, which extends the usable bandwidth into the U-band where higher-chromatic dispersion reduces Kerr nonlinear impairments. Although U-band operation faces increased fiber loss, which is slightly exacerbated by bending, mechanical stress, and splicing in the field environment, these penalties are mitigated by the inter-channel stimulated Raman scattering (ISRS) gain derived from co-propagating L-band channels. The experimental results confirm the feasibility of bandwidth extension to the U-band and high-data-rate transmission over legacy DSF infrastructure.","PeriodicalId":54101,"journal":{"name":"IEICE Communications Express","volume":"15 9","pages":"384-388"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11548526","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148862067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Joint Magnitude and Phase Segmented Digital Predistortion for Doherty Power Amplifiers","authors":"Fei Yang;Yu Ye;Yanan Luo;Ruiyang Liu;Gang Yang","doi":"10.23919/comex.2026XBL0070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/comex.2026XBL0070","url":null,"abstract":"Doherty power amplifiers (DPAs) are widely utilized in modern communication systems for their high efficiency, but they exhibit severe nonlinearities and memory effects when driven into saturation. Among various linearization techniques, digital predistortion (DPD) has become the mainstream solution to compensate for these impairments. However, traditional Generalized Memory Polynomial (GMP) models struggle to achieve high modeling accuracy for such highly nonlinear DPAs. To address this limitation, this paper proposes a novel DPD method based on joint magnitude and phase segmentation. By partitioning the complex signal plane into a polar grid, the proposed approach achieves a more precise fitting of the DPA's strong nonlinear behaviors and memory effects. Moreover, a high-throughput hardware actuator tailored for the proposed method is designed based on a multi-branch Look-Up Table architecture and deployed on a Xilinx Zynq UltraScale+ MPSoC platform. Measurements on a 50W DPA driven by a 20 MHz OFDM signal show that the method reduces the Normalized Mean Square Error to −35.07 dB and the Adjacent Channel Power Ratio to −46.16 dBc (lower) and −44.56 dBc (upper), outperforming the conventional GMP baseline.","PeriodicalId":54101,"journal":{"name":"IEICE Communications Express","volume":"15 9","pages":"358-361"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11610644","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148862114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"SDM/WDM Line-of-Sight Optical Wireless Communication Using Narrow FOV Photodiode Receivers","authors":"Wataru Chujo;Kentaro Kobayashi","doi":"10.23919/comex.2026XBL0102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/comex.2026XBL0102","url":null,"abstract":"Line-of-sight optical wireless communication has difficulty in consistently aligning a photodiode receiver with an LED transmitter. Currently, however, to overcome this drawback, a camera can accurately capture LED position, and the photodiode can be aligned with the LED. In this study, narrow field of view (FOV) photodiode is individually aligned with 5-wavelength LEDs including infrared LEDs. Space and wavelength division multiplexing (SDM/WDM) is implemented to achieve a higher transmission rate. Photodiode receivers with a narrow FOV of 1.57° achieved 5 Mbit/s SDM/WDM transmission (2 SDM × 5 WDM × 0.5 Mbit/s) based on the camera's LED position detection.","PeriodicalId":54101,"journal":{"name":"IEICE Communications Express","volume":"15 9","pages":"370-374"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11610668","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148862150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shun Igarashi;Suguru Yamagishi;Ichiro Kuwayama;Kengo Iokibe;Yoshitaka Toyota
{"title":"Novel Identification Method of Effective Conductivity of CFRP in Wide Frequency Band Including GHz Range","authors":"Shun Igarashi;Suguru Yamagishi;Ichiro Kuwayama;Kengo Iokibe;Yoshitaka Toyota","doi":"10.23919/comex.2026XBL0083","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/comex.2026XBL0083","url":null,"abstract":"Although the use of carbon fiber reinforced plastic (CFRP) in automotive components has been expanding, its electrical properties in high-frequency band have not been fully investigated. In this letter, we constructed a microstrip structure using CFRP plate to examine electrical properties of the CFRP and identified its effective conductivity over a wide frequency range, including the GHz band. One advantage of this method is that the direction of the current along CFRP sample in the measurement system is the same as the direction of the return path of the common-mode current flowing through automotive components that adopt CFRP. In the letter, we first measured transmission characteristics of a microstrip structure with a CFRP plate as the signal line. By comparing the transmission loss with full-wave simulation, we were able to identify the effective conductivity of the CFRP is approximately 10,000 S/m. Furthermore, we confirmed that applying CFRP as the return plane did not affect common-mode noise compared to the conventional metal planes.","PeriodicalId":54101,"journal":{"name":"IEICE Communications Express","volume":"15 9","pages":"366-369"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11610666","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148862078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Validity Limits of the SLAA for Nakagami-$n$ Fading Channel Capacity","authors":"Md Sohidul Islam;Yosuke Sugiura;Tetsuya Shimamura","doi":"10.23919/comex.2026XBL0045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/comex.2026XBL0045","url":null,"abstract":"The Nakagami-<tex>$n$</tex> (Rician) fading model is essential for characterizing line-of-sight (LOS) wireless channels in 5G and 6G networks. While the Nakagami-<tex>$n$</tex> model underpins LOS channel modeling in next-generation networks, the complexity of the modified Bessel function often necessitates the use of the Small Limit Argument Approximation (SLAA). However, the validity domain of this approximation has not been rigorously defined. This study quantifies the SLAA's accuracy limits, specifically examining the interplay between fading severity <tex>$(K)$</tex>, SNR <tex>$(rho)$</tex>, and diversity order <tex>$(m)$</tex>. Our analysis reveals that the SLAA maintains structural fidelity (Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) <tex>$< 10^{-3})$</tex> only under near-Rayleigh conditions <tex>$(K < 0.04)$</tex>. Furthermore, we observe that approximation error exhibits a linear dependence on <tex>$m$</tex>, despite a marginal reduction at higher SNRs. Consequently, the SLAA is unsuitable for strong Rician <tex>$(Kgeq 1)$</tex> or high-diversity systems, limiting its utility primarily to asymptotic analyses in weak LOS channels. These findings establish critical design guidelines for the safe application of SLAA in next-generation wireless system analysis.","PeriodicalId":54101,"journal":{"name":"IEICE Communications Express","volume":"15 9","pages":"375-378"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11610642","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148862083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"On-Device Learning and Decoding Using Tsetlin Machines: A Hamming(7, 4) Case Study","authors":"Quang-Thang Duong","doi":"10.23919/comex.2026XBL0068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/comex.2026XBL0068","url":null,"abstract":"This letter explores the Tsetlin Machine (TM) as a universal, reconfigurable logic-centric framework for learnable channel decoding on edge devices. Using a Hamming(7, 4) code case study on an ESP32 microcontroller, we demonstrate a TM-based decoder capable of discovering decoding rules from data in just 24 seconds. To ensure robust convergence under hardware constraints, the on-device model doubles the scale of the offline model, yet maintains an ultra-low decoding latency of 37 μs, translating to a real-time throughput of over 100 kbps. Bit error rate simulations confirm that the TM decoder matches the performance of conventional hard-decision decoder. These findings highlight the inherent hardware-friendliness and scalability of TMs, offering a promising path for reconfigurable, self-learning decoders on resource-constrained platforms.","PeriodicalId":54101,"journal":{"name":"IEICE Communications Express","volume":"15 9","pages":"362-365"},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11610643","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148862086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}