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Hybrid Hierarchical Network Design Scheme with Wavelength Conversion 波长转换混合层次网络设计方案
IF 0.3
IEICE Communications Express Pub Date : 2025-03-12 DOI: 10.23919/comex.2025XBL0030
Reon Doai;Rie Hayashi;Tatsuya Matsukawa;Takeshi Seki;Takashi Miyamura;Akio Kawabata
{"title":"Hybrid Hierarchical Network Design Scheme with Wavelength Conversion","authors":"Reon Doai;Rie Hayashi;Tatsuya Matsukawa;Takeshi Seki;Takashi Miyamura;Akio Kawabata","doi":"10.23919/comex.2025XBL0030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/comex.2025XBL0030","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a hybrid hierarchical network design scheme with wavelength conversion (H2NDS) to design a low-delay network by integrating a conventional IP network and an optical network with wavelength conversion devices. In H2NDS, the network is divided into multiple domains, and wavelength converter devices and router devices are located at the relay node, an interconnection point between these domains. H2NDS is formulated as an integer linear programming problem to the sum of the delay of all end-to-end paths (delay) with constraint of the number of wavelengths in the optical network. Each end-to-end path selects the optimal relay node and selects either the router or wavelength converter devices to minimize the delay. The evaluation results showed that H2NDS significantly improved the delay performance compared to the benchmark model in which all end nodes belong to the nearest relay node, achieving a maximum reduction of 77.9 %.","PeriodicalId":54101,"journal":{"name":"IEICE Communications Express","volume":"14 05","pages":"197-200"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10924639","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143896345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A New Fault Detection Method Using Machine Learning in Analog Radio-on-Fiber MIMO Transmission System 一种基于机器学习的模拟无线光纤MIMO传输系统故障检测新方法
IF 0.3
IEICE Communications Express Pub Date : 2025-03-12 DOI: 10.23919/comex.2025XBL0015
Koichiro Nakamura;Takeshi Higashino
{"title":"A New Fault Detection Method Using Machine Learning in Analog Radio-on-Fiber MIMO Transmission System","authors":"Koichiro Nakamura;Takeshi Higashino","doi":"10.23919/comex.2025XBL0015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/comex.2025XBL0015","url":null,"abstract":"In this letter, we propose a new fault detection method in a wired-wireless multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) transmission over an analog radio-on-fiber (A-RoF) network. The A-RoF architecture makes the configuration of the remote node simple, however, lots of radio frequency (RF)-band analog devices are used in it, such as semiconductor fiber laser, optical fiber link, photo-detector and electrical amplifiers, and the methodology for detecting the fault on these devices has not been discussed. Conventional methods require dedicated devices for sending fault messages via out-of-band wireless data transmission, which increases the hardware requirement of the whole system configuration. This letter proposes a machine learning approach in an A-RoF-based MIMO transmission without any additional devices.","PeriodicalId":54101,"journal":{"name":"IEICE Communications Express","volume":"14 05","pages":"174-176"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10924587","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143896427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Neural Quantizer for Fronthaul Compression: Design and FPGA Implementation 面向前传压缩的神经量化器设计与FPGA实现
IF 0.3
IEICE Communications Express Pub Date : 2025-03-12 DOI: 10.23919/comex.2025XBL0016
Daisuke Hisano;Shinnosuke Yagi
{"title":"Neural Quantizer for Fronthaul Compression: Design and FPGA Implementation","authors":"Daisuke Hisano;Shinnosuke Yagi","doi":"10.23919/comex.2025XBL0016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/comex.2025XBL0016","url":null,"abstract":"Signal compression for fronthaul links has been actively studied, and the most common fixed compression method is the application of nonlinear quantizers. However, optimization such as clipping ratio (CR) is necessary for proper use of nonlinear quantizers. This paper proposes a nonlinear quantizer based on deep learning, called a neural quantizer. In this paper, we present the configuration of the neural quantizer and show that its performance is comparable to that of a CR-optimized nonlinear quantizer. We implement the proposed neural quantizer in FPGA, measure the processing delay, and show that it works within the desired processing time.","PeriodicalId":54101,"journal":{"name":"IEICE Communications Express","volume":"14 05","pages":"193-196"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10924585","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143896428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Optimizing the Pattern of Leaky Wave Antenna Using Dielectric Image Line with Feeding System 带馈电系统的介质像线优化漏波天线方向图
IF 0.3
IEICE Communications Express Pub Date : 2025-03-12 DOI: 10.23919/comex.2025SPL0017
Kei Hanzawa;Shota Matsumoto;Hiroyuki Arai
{"title":"Optimizing the Pattern of Leaky Wave Antenna Using Dielectric Image Line with Feeding System","authors":"Kei Hanzawa;Shota Matsumoto;Hiroyuki Arai","doi":"10.23919/comex.2025SPL0017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/comex.2025SPL0017","url":null,"abstract":"Leaky wave antenna using dielectric image line has attracted attention as base station antennas in the sub-millimeter wave band because it has high gain and can achieve <tex>$text{cosec}^2$</tex> pattern. However, the pattern is affected by the feeding system such as parallel plate. Therefore, we investigated ways to suppress the influence of the feeding system and achieve <tex>$text{cosec}^2$</tex> pattern by applying offsets to periodically arranged metal strips.","PeriodicalId":54101,"journal":{"name":"IEICE Communications Express","volume":"14 6","pages":"229-232"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10924593","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144196830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Autonomous Telemetry Data Accumulation Testbed with Emulated Failures in Optical Networks 光网络中模拟故障的自主遥测数据积累试验台
IF 0.3
IEICE Communications Express Pub Date : 2025-03-12 DOI: 10.23919/comex.2025XBL0028
Masaki Shiraiwa;Yusuke Hirota;Sugang Xu;Yoshinari Awaji
{"title":"Autonomous Telemetry Data Accumulation Testbed with Emulated Failures in Optical Networks","authors":"Masaki Shiraiwa;Yusuke Hirota;Sugang Xu;Yoshinari Awaji","doi":"10.23919/comex.2025XBL0028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/comex.2025XBL0028","url":null,"abstract":"To enhance the resilience of optical networks, it is crucial to analyze various performance data in optical networks. However, physical performance data of optical signals in real optical networks are usually hardly acquired. To facilitate the study of resilient optical networks, we propose an advanced testbed to share experimental telemetry data with researchers. Using the proposed testbed, we continuously collect and accumulate optical performance monitoring data from multiple locations with various emulated scenarios of failures/disasters. The accumulated time-series data can be retrieved to form open datasets for researchers based on their specifications for failure/disaster scenarios and periods.","PeriodicalId":54101,"journal":{"name":"IEICE Communications Express","volume":"14 05","pages":"181-184"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10924586","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143896333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Closed-Form Solution for Evanescent Wave of a Two-Dimensional Point Source 二维点源倏逝波的闭型解
IF 0.3
IEICE Communications Express Pub Date : 2025-03-12 DOI: 10.23919/comex.2024XBL0200
Xin Du
{"title":"Closed-Form Solution for Evanescent Wave of a Two-Dimensional Point Source","authors":"Xin Du","doi":"10.23919/comex.2024XBL0200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/comex.2024XBL0200","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the angular spectrum representation (ASR), the total field can be separated into propagating and evanescent waves. This paper proposes a closed-form solution of the evanescent wave for a two-dimensional (2D) point source by using ASR, which considers the aperture facing an arbitrary orientation. To validate the proposed solution in terms of accuracy and computational time, a robust numerical method, i.e., a double exponential (DE) formula, is applied. Computer simulation is conducted in the near-field region (0.2λ-λ). The results show that the proposed method presents a good accuracy with a low error of less than 0.1 dB, compared with the DE formula. Moreover, the calculation time is improved by 7.9-16.4 times by comparing the proposal with the DE formula. From the simulated results, it can be found that the evanescent wave calculated by ASR has an angle dependence for a 2D point source when the aperture used in ASR faces an arbitrary orientation. Our proposal can mathematically explain the reason for an angle dependence. Furthermore, this work finds that fixing the aperture normal to the line of sight obtains the angle-independent evanescent wave for a 2D point source.","PeriodicalId":54101,"journal":{"name":"IEICE Communications Express","volume":"14 05","pages":"201-204"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10924594","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143896413","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Vertically Polarized Omnidirectional Reflector Antenna Fed by a Circular Waveguide Bent TM01 Mode Converter for the 150 GHz Band 150 GHz波段垂直极化TM01弯模变换器全向反射天线
IF 0.3
IEICE Communications Express Pub Date : 2025-03-12 DOI: 10.23919/comex.2025SPL0010
Jiro Hirokawa;Riki Yanagisawa;Takashi Tomura;Issei Watanabe
{"title":"Vertically Polarized Omnidirectional Reflector Antenna Fed by a Circular Waveguide Bent TM01 Mode Converter for the 150 GHz Band","authors":"Jiro Hirokawa;Riki Yanagisawa;Takashi Tomura;Issei Watanabe","doi":"10.23919/comex.2025SPL0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/comex.2025SPL0010","url":null,"abstract":"A vertically polarized horizontal-plane omnidirectional antenna with a circular waveguide bent <tex>$text{TM}_{01}$</tex> mode converter and an axisymmetric single reflector is designed and fabricated for the 150 GHz band. Determining a frequency range of 147.8 GHz to 170.0 GHz as the operational band, where the transmission coefficient ratio of the <tex>$text{TE}_{11}$</tex> mode to the <tex>$text{TM}_{01}$</tex> mode is less than 1/3 that in the designed mode converter, the realized gain is 2.2 dBi to 8.8 dBi, and the angular gain variation at the measured frequencies in the band is 4.9 dB at the maximum in the fabricated antenna","PeriodicalId":54101,"journal":{"name":"IEICE Communications Express","volume":"14 6","pages":"218-221"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10924596","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144196565","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Equivalence of Two Types of Knife-Edge Diffraction Models to Predict Shadowing Effect 两种刀刃衍射模型预测阴影效应的等效性
IF 0.3
IEICE Communications Express Pub Date : 2025-03-12 DOI: 10.23919/comex.2025XBL0021
Xin Du;Chechia Kang;Jun-Ichi Takada
{"title":"Equivalence of Two Types of Knife-Edge Diffraction Models to Predict Shadowing Effect","authors":"Xin Du;Chechia Kang;Jun-Ichi Takada","doi":"10.23919/comex.2025XBL0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/comex.2025XBL0021","url":null,"abstract":"The knife-edge diffraction (KED) model has been widely used to predict the shadowing effect. In addition to the classical Fresnel KED model using the Fresnel integral, in recent years an alternative expression proposed by mobile and wireless communications enablers for the twenty-twenty information society (METIS), i.e., METIS KED model, has also been used. This letter proposes a mathematical derivation to rigorously prove that the METIS KED model can be seen as an approximated envelope of the Fresnel KED model. Simulated results agree with the proposal that the METIS KED model is identical to the Fresenl KED model with a low error of 0.19 dB in the shadowed region, and the METIS KED model can be seen as an approximated envelope of the Fresnel KED model with a negligible error of 0.01 dB in the lit region. In addition, based on the connection between the Fresnel and METIS KED models, we propose a threshold for the four-state piecewise linear modeling, which can satisfy the modeling of the shadowing effect at a specific frequency or environment and is the closed form.","PeriodicalId":54101,"journal":{"name":"IEICE Communications Express","volume":"14 05","pages":"185-188"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10924590","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143896426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Relationship Between Leaf Volume and Leaf Attenuation in Tree Shielding from 2.4 GHz to 15 GHz 2.4 GHz ~ 15 GHz树木屏蔽中叶片体积与叶片衰减的关系
IF 0.3
IEICE Communications Express Pub Date : 2025-03-12 DOI: 10.23919/comex.2025SPL0011
Yoshiki Nakanishi;Yusuke Hata;Sigeo Gotoh;Hisato Iwai;Shinsuke Ibi
{"title":"Relationship Between Leaf Volume and Leaf Attenuation in Tree Shielding from 2.4 GHz to 15 GHz","authors":"Yoshiki Nakanishi;Yusuke Hata;Sigeo Gotoh;Hisato Iwai;Shinsuke Ibi","doi":"10.23919/comex.2025SPL0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/comex.2025SPL0011","url":null,"abstract":"In this letter, the relationship between the amount of leaves and leaf attenuation was clarified. We conducted FDTD calculations and measurements for a tree species called Red Robin and within the frequency range of 2.4 GHz to 15 GHz. In addition, we confirmed that the amount of leaves is defined by the product of the density of leaves and the length of the propagation path within the leaf area. We also defined leaf attenuation per unit leaf volume as LAC (leaf attenuation coefficient) to use as an index to quantify the leaf attenuation and clarified its frequency characteristics.","PeriodicalId":54101,"journal":{"name":"IEICE Communications Express","volume":"14 6","pages":"222-225"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10924597","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144196503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Enhancement of Loss Point Detection Accuracy by Double-Slope-Assisted Brillouin Optical Correlation-Domain Reflectometry 双斜率辅助布里渊光相关域反射法提高损耗点检测精度
IF 0.3
IEICE Communications Express Pub Date : 2025-03-12 DOI: 10.23919/comex.2024XBL0199
Yukihiro Suzuki;Yosuke Mizuno;Heeyoung Lee
{"title":"Enhancement of Loss Point Detection Accuracy by Double-Slope-Assisted Brillouin Optical Correlation-Domain Reflectometry","authors":"Yukihiro Suzuki;Yosuke Mizuno;Heeyoung Lee","doi":"10.23919/comex.2024XBL0199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/comex.2024XBL0199","url":null,"abstract":"We propose and experimentally demonstrate an improved method for detecting loss points in optical fibers using double-slope-assisted Brillouin optical correlation-domain reflectometry (DSA-BOCDR). By utilizing the power ratio of two frequencies with different shifts from the Brillouin frequency shift, we enhance the positional accuracy of loss point detection compared to conventional slope-assisted BOCDR (SA-BOCDR). Our results show that this method can effectively detect loss points with higher accuracy, contributing to the advancement of distributed optical fiber sensing technologies for structural health monitoring.","PeriodicalId":54101,"journal":{"name":"IEICE Communications Express","volume":"14 05","pages":"167-169"},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=10924588","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143896332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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