Ekonomski Pregled最新文献

{"title":"Exploring loyalty of generation X in a retail store context","authors":"Ivana Pavlić, K. Vojvodić, B. Puh","doi":"10.32910/EP.72.3.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32910/EP.72.3.5","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the increased interest in consumers pertained to Generation X, there is still much that is not understood about this particular market segment. In particular, this refers to their retail-related behaviour as well as the satisfaction and loyalty of customers in traditional brick and mortar retail environment. The purpose of this paper is to expand the knowledge base about Generation X’s retail store attitudes and retail behaviour in order to identify their loyalty in a retail store context. For that reason, an empirical research was carried out using a convenience sample of 153 Generation X members from the Dubrovnik- Neretva County during the period from June 1 to October 1, 2016. To analyse the data, ordinal logistic regression and ANOVA methods were used. The results revealed that several variables were found partially statistically significant, i.e. retail service quality, retail store quality, product price, product assessment, retail store format and frequency of purchase. This paper provides a framework for an improved understanding of Generation X as consumers and their overall store experience. Moreover, it contributes to the existing literature by providing new insights into the loyalty of Croatian Generation X consumers.","PeriodicalId":53985,"journal":{"name":"Ekonomski Pregled","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48059627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Izlazna gospodarska strategija Hrvatske u vrijeme pandemije COVID-19 i značaj regionalne strukture gospodarstva","authors":"Željko Lovrinčević, Davor Mikulić, Damira Keček","doi":"10.32910/EP.72.3.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32910/EP.72.3.6","url":null,"abstract":"Cilj je ovoga rada, analizom multiplikativnih učinaka i intenziteta regionalne povezanosti, identificirati sektore s najvećim potencijalom za ublažavanje negativnih gospodarskih posljedica širenja COVID-19 virusa u Hrvatskoj. Hrvatska je podijeljena u dvije regije: Kontinentalna Hrvatska i Jadranska Hrvatska. U izradi regionalnih input-output tablica korištena je metodologija međusektorskih lokacijskih kvocijenata (Cross-industry location quotient, CILQ). Metoda se temelji na specijalizaciji pojedinih regija u proizvodnji određenih skupina proizvoda, a temeljem čega se nacionalni tehnički koeficijenti prilagođavaju na razini pojedinih regija. U istraživačkom smislu doprinos rada temelji se na nepostojanju empirijske literature koja bi se bavila regionalnom input-output analizom za hrvatsko gospodarstvo. Rezultati rada mogu se koristiti i kao podloga za definiranje izlazne ekonomske strategije usmjerene na oporavak gospodarstva i brži izlazak iz recesije. Najveći multiplikativni učinci i najveći intenzitet regionalne povezanosti uočen je u određenim sektorima prerađivačke industrije, poljoprivredi i građevinarstvu. Ova skupina djelatnosti može se uz određene mjere opreza odvijati na dosadašnji način bez velikih rizika za širenje virusa. Poticanje ovih aktivnosti daje pozitivne rezultate već u kratkom roku, a zbog visokih multiplikativnih učinaka, pozitivni poticaj širi se i na ostale djelatnosti i regije. Osim ovih djelatnosti naglasak treba biti i na unapređivanju sektora zdravstva i sektora informacijsko-komunikacijskih tehnologija, kod kojih su neizravni gospodarski učinci nešto niži, ali koji će biti ključni za nesmetano odvijanje gospodarske aktivnosti u budućem razdoblju. Sektor turizma ima vrlo plitke multiplikatine učinke, ali nadprosječno velik udio isporuka za finalnu potrošnju, a time i utjecaj na prihode državnog proračuna.","PeriodicalId":53985,"journal":{"name":"Ekonomski Pregled","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46319627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges of navigating brands through social media","authors":"Tajana Marušić, Tihomir Vranešević","doi":"10.32910/EP.72.3.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32910/EP.72.3.4","url":null,"abstract":"Creating and maintaining a successful brand has always been a longterm activity that required skills, knowledge, financial means and time. The success of global brands did not happen over time, and it seems that before social media there was always something precious that brand`s had – time. Time to communicate, time to create marketing campaigns, time to grow and evolve. Today, in the time of social media – there is everything but the time. Communication between consumers and brands is fast, global, and exposed for everyone to see and comment thanks to social media. Brands are more vulnerable than ever; consumers are in the position of power and now take an equal part in creating brands success. Brand management is changing, and marketing managers are faced with many challenges of navigating brands through social media. These challenges were the main idea behind the article. Explorative qualitative research was conducted by in-depth interviews of ten successful marketing managers in Croatia from various industries. From marketing agencies, food companies, the banking sector to the IT sector and direct TV sales, retail chain of sports shoes and equipment. In-depth interviews provided insight into their opinions based on experience in topics such as advantages and disadvantages of advertising on social media, measurement of advertising on social media, major challenges in brand management in a social networking environment; whether social networks and social media are synonymous or two different terms; what are the advantages and disadvantages of real-time consumer communication: and ultimately whether influencers are an indispensable variable in today’s advertising or just a passing trend. Results showed that for marketing managers in Croatia some of the advantages of social media are smart and targeted advertising, the fast possibility of reaction by brands, detailed analytics via Google and Facebook, relatively small financial expenses compared to other media such as TV, and communication with consumers in real time. The disadvantages of social media are mostly that it is an extremely sensitive platform for communication with consumers due to the positive and negative consumer comments; potential long-term consumer saturation with advertising; certain errors in communication remain forever, etc. Authors of this paper hope that it will encourage further research and discussion by enabling much-needed insight into everyday challenges marketing managers face in Croatia, as well as globally while navigating the success of brands through the dynamic and challenging environment of social media.","PeriodicalId":53985,"journal":{"name":"Ekonomski Pregled","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46801056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The investment-saving puzzle in MENA countries","authors":"Marwan Alzoubi, Hamad Kasasbeh","doi":"10.32910/ep.72.5.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32910/ep.72.5.6","url":null,"abstract":"The paper disentangles gross savings into government and private savings and investigate their impact on gross investment. Our methodology is based on a balanced panel of four MENA countries (Tunisia, Jordan, Egypt and Lebanon) for the period 2000-2017 by employing the Panel Vector Autoregressive Model (PVAR). Our findings show that government savings as a ratio of GDP does not have any impact on investment while private savings as a ratio of GDP does. Both variables exhibit the correct signs. The results also show that mobility of private saving is high and seemingly statistically inconsistent with the Fielstein and Horioka (1980) puzzle. Our paper also reveals that even though OECD countries are more open than our sample countries, the higher capital mobility of our sample is driven by the economic and political instability in the region.","PeriodicalId":53985,"journal":{"name":"Ekonomski Pregled","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69444308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding Social Media Marketing activities in Western Balkans","authors":"Visar Rrustemi, Gezim Jusufi","doi":"10.32910/ep.72.6.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32910/ep.72.6.4","url":null,"abstract":"Digital marketing activities through social media are being developed extensively by firms in the Western Balkans region, therefore the purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of social media marketing activities on increasing sales of SMEs in the Western Balkans, with special emphasis on those of Kosovo. Using a sample of 100 manufacturing SMEs, we have researched the impact of digital marketing activities which are carried out through social media, on increasing the sales or turnover of these SMEs. The achieved results were analyzed through probit regression. The results show that facebook is mostly used for business activities in these SMEs. Also, the analyzed SMEs give a lot of importance to the opinions and comments of consumers expressed on social media. They design their business policies based on the comments and opinions received from online consumers. This empirical research provides data on the implementation of social media marketing activities by SMEs in the Western Balkans region.","PeriodicalId":53985,"journal":{"name":"Ekonomski Pregled","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69444450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predicting bankruptcy based on the full population of Croatian companies","authors":"S. Bogdan, Luka Šikić, S. Bareša","doi":"10.32910/ep.72.5.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32910/ep.72.5.1","url":null,"abstract":"This paper analyses the bankruptcy prediction based on the population of companies representative of the total business sector in Croatia. The representativity of the sample is achieved through the propensity score matching of the full population of bankrupt and similar non-bankrupt companies. The robust estimation of bankruptcy prediction is carried out through the multiple discriminant analysis (MDA) and logistic regression (logit). The results indicate high classification accuracy of both models, but more favourable performance of the logit estimation. Overall accuracy of the MDA model was 73.7%, while the overall accuracy of the logit model was 76.3%. The results serve as a bankruptcy estimation benchmark for the business sector in Croatia.","PeriodicalId":53985,"journal":{"name":"Ekonomski Pregled","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69443552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimalni porez za jedno\u0000homogeno dobro na dva tržišta uz troškove izvoza kao problem dvorazinskog\u0000programiranja","authors":"Zrinka Lukač","doi":"10.32910/ep.72.6.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32910/ep.72.6.2","url":null,"abstract":"Oporezivanje je jedan od najmoćnijih instrumenata fiskalne politike koji ima značajne posljedice na ponudu i potražnju, utječe na ekonomski rast i investicije kao i na konkurentnost poduzeća. Također, utječe na poticaj poduzećima da ostanu u nekoj zemlji ili premjeste svoje poslovanje drugdje. Stoga je osmišljavanje optimalne porezne politike od presudnog značaja za svaku vladu. U ovom radu razmatra se problem određivanja optimalne porezne politike za jedno homogeno dobro koje proizvode dva konkurentska poduzeća smještena u dvije različite zemlje. Svako poduzeće ima jedan proizvodni pogon koji je smješten u zemlji iz koje poduzeće dolazi, dok se proizvod prodaje u obje zemlje. Države imaju različite porezne sustave. Ako poduzeće prodaje proizvod na stranom tržištu, uz trošak proizvodnje ima i trošak izvoza koji se sastoji od troškova prijevoza i troškova carine. Problem se modelira kao problem programiranja s dva sljedbenika, pri čemu vođa (vlada) maksimizira porezni prihod dok sljedbenici (poduzeća) maksimiziraju svoje funkcije dobiti. Uz to što se formulira novi model koji do sada nije poznat u postojećoj literaturi, u radu se izvodi optimalna razina poreza i pripadni iznos poreznog prihoda, izvode se optimalne razine proizvodnje i izvoza poduzeća, razmatraju se svojstva funkcije dobiti i utjecaj povećanja poreza na optimalne količine i funkcije prihoda i dobiti poduzeća te se pokazuje kako se teret poreza raspodjeljuje između proizvođača i potrošača. Model se ilustrira numeričkim primjerom.","PeriodicalId":53985,"journal":{"name":"Ekonomski Pregled","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69444434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Međuzavisnost rentabilnosti i likvidnosti primjenom panel VAR modela","authors":"Aljoša Šestanović, Bojan Tomić, Dolores Pušar Banović","doi":"10.32910/ep.72.6.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32910/ep.72.6.5","url":null,"abstract":"Cilj istraživanja je, empirijskom konfirmacijom, utvrditi postojanje međuzavisnosti rentabilnosti i likvidnosti. Uzorak obuhvaća dvadeset nefinancijskih društava uvrštenih u barem jedan od dioničkih agregatnih ili sektorskih indeksa Zagrebačke burze. Panel podatci obuhvaćaju vremensko razdoblje od devet godina, počevši od 2009. godine do zaključno s obuhvatom 2017. godine. Istraživanje međusobnog kauzaliteta provedeno je Granger-ovim testom uzročnosti prilagođenog panel formulaciji podataka. U radu se koristi model panel vektorske autoregresije u sklopu koje je obrađena analiza strukture modela: ortogonalna dekompozicija varijanci prognostičkih pogrešaka i analiza ortogonalne funkcije impulsnih odziva. Rezultati pokazuju značajnu uzročnost varijabli rentabilnosti (prinos na ukupnu imovinu i prinos na vlastiti kapital) na koeficijente tekuće i ubrzane likvidnosti. S druge strane, nije utvrđena značajna uzročnost koeficijenata likvidnosti na varijable rentabilnosti. Rezultati su u skladu s očekivanjima iz financijske teorije prema kojoj postojanje značajne likvidnosti u društvu per se ne znači i značajan utjecaj na varijable rentabilnosti. Istraživanje je provedeno na ograničenom uzorku burzovno kotiranih društva na Zagrebačkoj burzi, što s obzirom na rezultate ovog istraživanja, sugerira provedbu sličnih istraživanja na širem uzorku društava uvrštenih na inozemnim burzama radi daljnje verifikacije rezultata. Originalnost istraživanja leži u sveobuhvatnoj sistematizaciji radova koji su istraživali kauzalnost profitabilnosti (i rentabilnosti) i likvidnosti, te izvornom pristupu testiranju međusobnih uzročnosti varijabli likvidnosti i rentabilnosti koristeći kompleksnije alate statističke analize.","PeriodicalId":53985,"journal":{"name":"Ekonomski Pregled","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69444455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The validity of the Fisher effect for an inflation targeting country","authors":"S. Gürel","doi":"10.32910/ep.72.5.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32910/ep.72.5.3","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this paper is to investigate the relationship between interest and inflation rates. In this regard, the validity of the Fisher Effect under an inflation targeting regime country is examined by considering the possibility of non-linearities. To this aim, the Fisher Effect is analysed by using various types of interest rates to identify the short-, mid- and long-term dynamics. Autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) and non-linear autoregressive distributed lag (NARDL) models were estimated for Turkish economy between 2006-2019 periods. The empirical findings of ARDL models reveal the validity of Fisher Effect both for short and long run. The results of NARDL models indicate a strong Fisher Effect in the long run, except for 5-year government bonds. For short-run, the Fisher Effect holds only when inflation rises and there is no significant result when inflation decreases.","PeriodicalId":53985,"journal":{"name":"Ekonomski Pregled","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69443612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Review of how Behavioural Insights have been Applied to Tax-Related Policy and Field Experiments in the European Union","authors":"Michael F. Müller","doi":"10.32910/ep.72.6.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32910/ep.72.6.1","url":null,"abstract":"Tax evasion is a problem in every country. Since taxes are the most important source of income for the state budget, finance ministers and tax authorities strive to increase tax compliance and secure higher tax revenues. In the context of European Union objectives to monitor the effects of behavioural insights and gather information for critical evaluation, this article contributes to these efforts by summarizing policies and measures related to increasing tax compliance. This article is based on a systematic review and is complemented by other relevant sources related to applying behavioural insights to tax policy. The article concludes that although there is empirical evidence to suggest that behaviourally informed initiatives and interventions have had a significant impact on tax compliance in the short term, there is not enough evidence to draw conclusions on the long-term effects. In addition, the real motives and causal mechanisms that have led to increased tax compliance are not entirely clear. The results of the research suggest that deterrence is an important factor. Although deterrence might increase tax compliance, it is uncertain whether it has any positive effect on tax morale in general. The article raises the argument that many behaviourally-informed techniques are actually based on deterrence. In this respect, the article calls for further research to reveal the real effects of behavioural insights. Further work on reviewing and evaluating research results will also be important, as individual initiatives across EU countries are not easily traceable. This fact represents the limits of this study and highlights opportunities for future research.","PeriodicalId":53985,"journal":{"name":"Ekonomski Pregled","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69444363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}