CANADIAN REVIEW OF AMERICAN STUDIES最新文献

{"title":"Film Theory after Copjec","authors":"A. Ballas","doi":"10.3138/CRAS-2019-010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/CRAS-2019-010","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:The importation of Lacanian psychoanalysis into film theory in the 1970s and 1980s ushered in a new era of cinema scholarship and criticism. Figures including Raymond Bellour, Laura Mulvey, and Christian Metz are often considered the pioneers of applying Lacanian psychoanalysis in the context of film theory, most notably through their writings in Screen Journal. However, where French and British scholarship on Lacan and film reached its limits, American Lacanianism flourished. When Joan Copjec’s now classic essay “The Orthopsychic Subject: Film Theory and the Reception of Lacan” was published in 1989, the trajectory of Lacanian film theory would become radically altered; as Todd McGowan recently put it, the “butchered operation” on Lacan committed by Mulvey and (quoting Copjec) the “Foucaultianization” of Lacan under the auspices of Screen Journal were finally indicted in one gesture through Copjec’s critique. Copjec and McGowan’s unique American view of Lacan marks a pivotal point in the convergence of psychoanalytic theory and cinema studies; by seeking to wrest Lacan from historist/deconstructionist theories of the subject, and by revisiting Lacan beyond the mirror stage, Copjec and McGowan can be said to have instantiated a resuscitation or even a renaissance of Lacanian theory in film studies in particular and in American scholarship more generally. In this essay, this renaissance of Lacanian theory is examined, focusing on the innovations these two American thinkers brought to psychoanalytic film theory and the multiple paths carved out into other disciplines that followed. First, a detailed summation of the contentions between screen theory and Copjec’s position is introduced, as well as McGowan’s assessment thereof. Then, the trajectory of psychoanalytic film theory after Copjec’s arrival is the focus, including the major innovations in her thought from cinematic subjectivity to sexual difference (most notably from Read My Desire) and the way her position spread to philosophy and ontology. Finally, the article identifies the limitations of Copjec’s and McGowan’s thought and seeks new possibilities through which we may continue to apply psychoanalysis to the cinema in the wake of these two important thinkers.Résumé:L’importation de la psychanalyse lacanienne dans la théorie du film au cours des années 1970 et 1980 a apporté une nouvelle ère de recherche et de critique cinématographiques. Des figures comme Raymond Bellour, Laura Mulvey et Christian Metz sont souvent considérées comme étant les pionniers dans l’application de la psychanalyse lacanienne au contexte de la théorie du film, surtout dans leurs écrits pour le Screen Journal. Par contre, là où les recherches françaises et britanniques sur Lacan et la cinématographie ont atteint leurs limites, le lacanisme américain a prospéré. La publication en 1989 de « The Orthopsychic Subject: Film Theory and the Reception of Lacan », l’essai classique de Joan Copjec, a complètement cha","PeriodicalId":53953,"journal":{"name":"CANADIAN REVIEW OF AMERICAN STUDIES","volume":"51 1","pages":"63 - 81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46572348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Imagining Imperial Futures: Colonization as the Solution for Urban Uncertainty in Battlestar Galactica","authors":"E. L. McKagen","doi":"10.3138/cras-2020-003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/cras-2020-003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:In this essay, I argue that the American science fiction television series Battlestar Galactica (2003–2009) reflects uncertainty over survival in the urban present and in the near future, especially how humanity might survive in a closed system with no outside aid or resources. The Colonial Fleet highlights anxieties of contemporary cities driven to the edge of survivability by disaster. Through an examination of the fleet formation throughout the series—and of its survival in the series' conclusion—I argue that Euro-American colonization provides ultimate salvation, soothing the uncertainty present throughout the series narrative, thus presenting an image of a very certain imperial future.Résumé:Dans cet article, je soutiens que la série télévisée américaine de science-fiction Battlestar Galactica (2003-2009) reflète l'incertitude de la survie au sein du présent urbain et d'un avenir proche, surtout en ce qui concerne la manière dont l'humanité pourrait survivre dans un système fermé sans aide ou ressources externes. La flotte coloniale met en évidence les anxiétés des villes contemporaines qui sont poussées au bord de la capacité à survivre par des désastres. En examinant la formation de la flotte tout au long de la série—et de sa survie à la fin de la série—je soutiens que la colonisation euroaméricaine fournit le salut ultime, mitigeant l'incertitude actuelle tout au long du récit de la série, présentant ainsi l'image d'un avenir impérial très certain.","PeriodicalId":53953,"journal":{"name":"CANADIAN REVIEW OF AMERICAN STUDIES","volume":"50 1","pages":"413 - 427"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42092153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Screamers: Pop Ambition, Punk Nihilism, and Queer Futurities","authors":"P. Brown","doi":"10.3138/cras-2020-002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/cras-2020-002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:In this paper, I explore the synth-punk band the Screamers and the uncertain futures they represent. After describing punk rock briefly and situating the Screamers in the Los Angeles punk scene of the late 1970s, I analyze the futurity connoted by their use of synthesizers. I discuss the band's desire for a future in music and examine the American recording industry's hostility to punk, preferring the safer sounds of new wave. In the conclusion, I consider the purported nihilism of early punk by contextualizing punk's negativity within debates about queer futurities as well as within what Mark Fisher calls \"lost futures.\"Résumé:Dans cet article, j'explore le groupe de musique synth-punk The Screamers et les futurs incertains qu'ils représentent. Après une description brève du punk rock et une mise en place des Screamers sur la scène punk rock de Los Angeles de la fin des années 1970, j'analyse la futurité connotée par leur utilisation des synthétiseurs. Je discute du désire du groupe d'avoir un avenir en musique et j'examine l'hostilité de l'industrie du disque américaine envers le punk, laquelle a préféré la sécurité de la new wave. Dans la conclusion, je réfléchis sur le prétendu nihilisme du punk à ses débuts en contextualisant la négativité du punk au sein des débats sur les futurités queers ainsi qu'au sein de ce que Mark Fisher nomme les « avenirs perdus ».","PeriodicalId":53953,"journal":{"name":"CANADIAN REVIEW OF AMERICAN STUDIES","volume":"50 1","pages":"428 - 451"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44795767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Panic, Don't Panic: Poetry and Affective Politics from the Cold War to Trump","authors":"Adam Beardsworth","doi":"10.3138/cras-2020-004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/cras-2020-004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:In both the Cold War and the Trump era, the fear of future threat has provided politicians with a carte blanche for generating anxiety among American citizens. This essay examines how poets in each era responded to the political cultivation of private insecurity, a practice that proliferates the fear, the anxiety, and the weariness that are grounded in the possibility of future threat. For many poets of both the Cold War and Trump eras, political critique lies not in the desire to express rational opposition to irrational policies but in the ability to make tangible the affective consequences of the cultivation of national insecurity.Résumé:Tant dans l'ère de la Guerre froide que dans l'ère de Trump, la peur de menaces futures a donné carte blanche aux politiciens de créer de l'anxiété parmi les citoyens américains. Cet article examine comment les poètes de chaque ère ont répondu à la l'entretien politique de l'insécurité privée, une pratique qui fait croître la peur, l'anxiété et la méfiance qui sont ancrées dans la possibilité d'une menace future. Pour de nombreux poètes des ères de la Guerre froide et de Trump, la critique politique ne se trouve pas dans le désir d'exprimer une opposition nationale aux politiques irrationnelles, mais dans l'habileté à rendre tangible les conséquences affectives de l'entretien d'une insécurité nationale.","PeriodicalId":53953,"journal":{"name":"CANADIAN REVIEW OF AMERICAN STUDIES","volume":"50 1","pages":"356 - 376"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43677846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"That's Our Word\": National Identity in Vaughan and Skroce's We Stand on Guard","authors":"Neta Gordon","doi":"10.3138/cras-2020-005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/cras-2020-005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Brian K. Vaughan and Steve Skroce's 2015 comic, We Stand on Guard, explores American foreign policy relating to national security, imperial military activity, and resource policy. The comic critiques early twentieth-century American oil policy, referring to the American incursion into Canada as \"blood for water\" while also alluding to \"War Plan Red,\" a plan developed in the United States in the 1920s and 1930s to invade Canada. Via the funhouse mirror of distorted, hackneyed images of Canadians, the comic criticizes the American \"character,\" portraying Canada as a nation of inclusion and diversity, of \"ordinary\" civilian love of nation and integrity, and as the target of violent American invasion and occupation.Résumé:La bande dessinée de Brian K. Vaughan et Steve Skroce We Stand on Guard (2015) explore les politiques étrangères américaines en lien avec la sécurité nationale, l'activité militaire impériale et les politiques des ressources. La bande dessinée critique la politique pétrolière américaine du début du XXe siècle, faisant référence à l'incursion américaine au Canada comme étant « du sang pour de l'eau » tout en faisant allusion au « War Plan Red », un plan développé aux États-Unis dans les années 1920 et 1930 pour envahir le Canada. Par l'entremise d'images éculées et déformées des Canadiens, la bande dessinée critique le « personnage » américain, montrant le Canada comme étant une nation d'inclusion et de diversité, d'amour civil « ordinaire » pour la nation et l'intégrité et en tant que la cible d'une invasion et d'une occupation violente américaine.","PeriodicalId":53953,"journal":{"name":"CANADIAN REVIEW OF AMERICAN STUDIES","volume":"50 1","pages":"399 - 412"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45807571","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introduction—Uncertain Futures","authors":"Ross Bullen, M. Wennekers","doi":"10.3138/cras-2020-007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/cras-2020-007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53953,"journal":{"name":"CANADIAN REVIEW OF AMERICAN STUDIES","volume":"50 1","pages":"353 - 355"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48358842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Intrinsic Irony of the Future Sublime","authors":"L. Heller","doi":"10.3138/cras-2020-006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/cras-2020-006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Sublimity is sincere and devoid of any irony, but it is intrinsically ironic in both concept and function. It blurs the difference between self and other yet reinforces one's sense of self. It overwhelms all reason but, simultaneously, one is acutely aware. The sublime allows one to experience terror but from a safe distance. It is within its disorientation that the conjoining of confusion and clarity happens. The Kantian conceit of the sublime implies a negative pleasure. Understanding comes through the inability to comprehend enormity fully. The sublime is a lofty notion, but all that is iconic quickly becomes ironic.Résumé:La sublimité est sincère et vide de toute ironie, mais elle est intrinsèquement ironique tant en matière de concept que de fonction. Elle brouille la différence entre le soi et l'autre tout en renforçant le sens de soi. Elle bouleverse la raison, mais, simultanément, l'on est intensément conscient. Le sublime nous permet de vivre de la terreur, mais d'une distance sécuritaire. C'est dans cette désorientation que l'union de la confusion et de la clarté a lieu. La prétention kantienne du sublime implique un plaisir négatif. La compréhension vient de l'inhabilité à complètement comprendre l'énormité. Le sublime est un concept noble, mais ce qui est ironique devient rapidement ironique.","PeriodicalId":53953,"journal":{"name":"CANADIAN REVIEW OF AMERICAN STUDIES","volume":"50 1","pages":"377 - 398"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45951095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introduction—Violent Labour in the Americas","authors":"Michael H. Epp","doi":"10.3138/cras.2018.019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/cras.2018.019","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53953,"journal":{"name":"CANADIAN REVIEW OF AMERICAN STUDIES","volume":"50 1","pages":"217 - 219"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41793488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Weeks'chiloowew: Resistance and Disidentification in Tomson Highway's Kiss of the Fur Queen and Jean de Léry's History of a Voyage to the Land of Brazil","authors":"Jan Olesen","doi":"10.3138/cras.2018.025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/cras.2018.025","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This article examines the relationship between symbolic and physical violence toward First Nations peoples in the Americas. It examines the mutual sympathies of symbolic and physical violence, and the interdependence between them. Through an examination of how colonial and postcolonial narratives recount symbolic violence—through problematic narratives—and physical violence—through institutions like residential schools—the article charts how resistance to this violence is both actively mobilized and innate. Developing José Esteban Muñoz's theory of disidentification, where resistance to colonial influence is neither an acceptance of dominant ideology nor overt resistance or opposition to it, early modern colonial documents are examined, and contemporary fictional texts demonstrate a third way of responding to dominant ideologies.Résumé:Cet article examine la relation entre la violence symbolique et physique envers les peuples des Premières Nations dans les Amériques. Il examine les sympathies mutuelles de la violence symbolique et physique, et leur interdépendance. En examinant comment les récits coloniaux et postcoloniaux racontent la violence symbolique—par l'entremise de récits problématiques—et la violence physique—par l'entremise d'institutions comme les écoles résidentielles—l'article examine comment la résistance à cette violence est à la fois activement mobilisée et innée. En développant la théorie de désidentification de José Esteban Muñoz, où la résistance à l'influence coloniale n'est ni l'acceptation de l'idéologie dominante, ni la résistance ouverte ou l'opposition, des documents coloniaux du début de l'ère moderne sont étudiés et des textes fictifs contemporains démontrent un troisième moyen de répondre aux idéologies dominantes.","PeriodicalId":53953,"journal":{"name":"CANADIAN REVIEW OF AMERICAN STUDIES","volume":"50 1","pages":"331 - 349"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49521817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lacan with Frost","authors":"D. Collins","doi":"10.3138/cras-2019-012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/cras-2019-012","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:In this article, the author argues that the unlikely pair of Jacques Lacan and Robert Frost have more in common than one might think. Several examples from Frost’s poetry and prose are adduced to show that he anticipated Lacan’s psychoanalytic insights in several respects. The similarities cannot be attributed to influence as the two were unaware of each other’s work. Frost was certainly aware of Freud but largely took issue with Freud’s view of human nature. It is argued that the basis of the similarities between the two thinkers is structural.Résumé:Dans cet article, l’auteur soutient que Jacques Lacan et Robert Frost ont plus en commun qu’on ne pourrait d’abord le croire. De nombreux exemples tirés de la poésie et la prose de Frost sont fournis pour montrer qu’il avait anticipé les idées psychanalytiques de Lacan, et ce, de plusieurs manières. Les similitudes ne peuvent être attribuées à l’influence, car ni l’un ni l’autre ne connaissait le travail de l’autre. Frost connaissait certainement Freud, mais n’était pas d’accord avec la manière dont Freud percevait la nature humaine. Nous soutenons que la base des similitudes entre les deux penseurs et structurelle.","PeriodicalId":53953,"journal":{"name":"CANADIAN REVIEW OF AMERICAN STUDIES","volume":"51 1","pages":"32 - 43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43264519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}