CANADIAN REVIEW OF AMERICAN STUDIES最新文献

{"title":"\"It's Still Real to Me\": Contemporary Professional Wrestling, Neo-Liberalism, and the Problems of Performed/Real Violence","authors":"Brian Jansen","doi":"10.3138/cras.2018.024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/cras.2018.024","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Beginning from the premise (vis-à-vis wrestler-turned-scholar Laurence de Garis) that professional wrestling scholarship has historically overlooked the embodied, physical dimension of the form in favour of its drama, and reflecting on a series of professional wrestling story-lines that have blurred the lines between staged performance (\"kayfabe\") and reality, this article suggests that the business of professional wrestling offers a vivid case study for the rise and dissemination of what political theorist Wendy Brown calls neo-liberal rationality: the dissemination of the market model to every aspect and activity of human life. Drawing on Brown's work, the language of World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) contracts, and professional wrestling's territorial history, this article argues that contemporary story-lines in professional wrestling rationalize, economize, and trivialize the form's very real violent labour, even rendering audiences complicit in said violence—while serving also as a potent vehicle for understanding the metaphorical (and sometimes literal) violence of neo-liberal rationality more broadly.Résumé:En commençant par la prémisse (en lien avec le lutteur devenu chercheur Laurence de Garis) que les études sur la lutte professionnelle ont, historiquement, ignoré la dimension physique de la forme pour y préférer le drame, et en réfléchissant sur une série de scénarios qui ont rendu floues les frontières entre la performance théâtrale (« kayfabe ») et la réalité, cet article suggère que la lutte professionnelle offre une étude de cas pour l'essor et la diffusion de ce que la théoricienne politique Wendy Brown nomme la rationalité néolibérale : la diffusion du modèle de marché à tous les aspects et activités humaines. En se basant sur le travail de Brown, le langage des contrats du World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) et l'histoire territoriale de la lutte professionnelle, cet article soutient que les scénarios contemporains en lutte professionnelle rationalisent, économise et banalise le travail violent très réel de la forme, rendant même l'auditoire complice de cette violence—tout en étant un véhicule puissant pour comprendre la violence métaphorique (et parfois littérale) de la rationalité néolibérale.","PeriodicalId":53953,"journal":{"name":"CANADIAN REVIEW OF AMERICAN STUDIES","volume":"50 1","pages":"302 - 330"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45605681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychoanalysis: Critiques and Possibilities, Then and Now","authors":"Hilda Fernandez-Alvarez","doi":"10.3138/cras-2019-014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/cras-2019-014","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Focusing on a moment in time, 1968, when the revolutionary spirit seized the public will, this article explores the differences in the reception of Lacanian psychoanalysis in the mental health system, contrasting two discourses fifty years apart: then and now. I first present the case of La Borde clinic, a psychiatric institution in Cour-Cheverny, France, which incorporated a Marxist-Lacanian approach in the treatment of those suffering from mental illness. I compare this clinic with current globalized, evidence-based psychotherapies, whose main approach consists of the implementation of cognitive-behavioural modalities that deploy what Lacan calls the “university discourse.” I aim to provide some insight on the critiques and possibilities of these two radically opposed responses to human suffering.Résumé:En se concentrant sur un moment précis, l’année 1968, lorsque l’esprit révolutionnaire s’est emparé de la volonté publique, cet article explore les différentes réceptions de la psychanalyse lacanienne par le système de santé mentale, mettant en contraste deux discours séparés de cinquante ans : alors et maintenant. Je présente d’abord le cas de la clinique La Borde, un établissement psychiatrique à Cour-Cheverny, en France, lequel incorporait une approche marxiste-lacanienne dans le traitement de ceux souffrant de maladies mentales. Je compare cette clinique avec les psychothérapies actuelles, qui sont basées sur les preuves et dont l’approche principale consiste à implanter des modalités cognitivo-comportementales qui utilisent ce que Lacan appelle le « discours universitaire ». Je cherche à fournir une compréhension des critiques et des possibilités offertes par ces deux réponses radicalement opposées à la souffrance humaine.","PeriodicalId":53953,"journal":{"name":"CANADIAN REVIEW OF AMERICAN STUDIES","volume":"51 1","pages":"20 - 31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43835808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Labour Imaginaries in Samuel R. Delany's Nova","authors":"Lysa M. Rivera","doi":"10.3138/cras.2018.021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/cras.2018.021","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This article analyses the place and significance of labour in Samuel Delany's 1968 novel Nova. It traces the ways in which the novel, albeit conventional in its adherence to the space opera science fiction sub-genre, manages to deviate from mainstream science fiction at the time by recalibrating the genre in order to explore and interrogate the afterlife of European colonialism and the violent legacies of racialized labour that made it possible. More specifically, it traces the ways in which Delany's speculations into the future of labour extrapolate from not only incipient cybernetic technologies but also real-life histories of violent slave labour under colonialism and Empire.Résumé:Cet article analyse la place et l'importance du travail dans le roman de Samuel Delany Nova (1968). Il examine les manières dont le roman, quoique conventionnel dans son adhésion à l'opéra de l'espace, un sous-genre de la science-fiction, réussit à dévier de la science-fiction dominante de l'époque en recalibrant le genre afin d'explorer et d'interroger la vie après la mort du colonialisme européen et le legs violent du travail racialisé qui la rend possible. Plus spécifiquement, il trace les moyens dont les spéculations de Delany sur l'avenir du travail extrapolent non seulement des technologies cybernétiques émergentes, mais aussi des histoires violentes réelles de l'esclavagisme dans les colonies et l'Empire.","PeriodicalId":53953,"journal":{"name":"CANADIAN REVIEW OF AMERICAN STUDIES","volume":"8 9","pages":"241 - 256"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41247190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Jacques-Alain Miller in America","authors":"Will Greenshields","doi":"10.3138/cras-2019-013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/cras-2019-013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:In answer to the question “What do Americans want?” Jacques-Alain Miller—Lacan’s son-in-law, editor of his seminars, and the pre-eminent figure in the contemporary Lacanian institution—has stated “Žižek,” while also pessimistically musing that if Lacanian psychoanalysis were to triumph in America, it would be “an Americanized Lacan, pre-packaged for supermarkets.” This article introduces and examines Miller’s intellectual attitude toward America by first summarizing the primary arguments he advanced in his earliest addresses to American and anglophone audiences before turning to his more recent consideration of America as the exemplary “hypermodern civilization” and his development of the post-Lacanian clinical category of “ordinary psychosis” in response to both this hypermodernity and the establishment of a clinic of borderline personality disorders by the American analytic establishment.Résumé:En réponse à la question : « Que veulent les Américains », Jacques-Alain Miller — le beau-fils de Lacan, directeur de ses séminaires et figure prééminente au sein de l’institution lacanienne contemporaine — a dit : « Žižek », tout en notant de façon pessimiste que si la psychanalyse lacanienne devait triompher en Amérique, il s’agirait d’un « Lacan américanisé, préemballé pour les supermarchés ». Cet article présente et examine l’attitude intellectuelle de Miller envers l’Amérique en résumant d’abord arguments dans ses toutes premières allocutions à des auditoires américains et anglophones, puis en examinant ses pensées plus récentes de l’Amérique en tant que modèle de la « civilisation hypermoderne » et son développement de la catégorie clinique post-lacanienne de « psychose ordinaire » en réponse à tant cette hypermodernité qu’à l’établissement de troubles de la personnalité borderline par l’establishment analytique américain.","PeriodicalId":53953,"journal":{"name":"CANADIAN REVIEW OF AMERICAN STUDIES","volume":"51 1","pages":"19 - 3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43412668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Containing and Unleashing the Shock of the Modern in “A Clean, Well-Lighted Place,” “A Natural History of the Dead,” and “A Way You’ll Never Be”","authors":"L. La Rocque, Lance Lisa Narbeshuber","doi":"10.3138/cras-2020-001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/cras-2020-001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This article isolates three qualities of subjectivity occurring in three stories by Ernest Hemingway, from the existential self of “A Clean Well-Lighted Place,” to the historical consciousness of “A Natural History of the Dead,” to the radical subject of becoming of “A Way You’ll Never Be.” It tracks a spectrum of possible responses to the shock of the modern and argues that “A Way You’ll Never Be,” imagining a subjectivity akin to post-humanism, offers a unique vision of the self as something with no essential anchoring points.Résumé:Cet article examine trois aspects de la subjectivité se retrouvant dans trois nouvelles d’Ernest Hemingway : le soi existentiel dans « A Clean Well-Lighted Place », la conscience historique dans « A Natural History of the Dead » et le devenir dans « A Way You’ll Never Be ». Il examine une gamme de réponses possibles au choc de la modernité et soutient que la nouvelle « A Way You’ll Never Be », laquelle imagine une subjectivité semblable au post-humanisme, offre une vision unique du soi en tant qu’objet sans points d’ancrage essentiels.","PeriodicalId":53953,"journal":{"name":"CANADIAN REVIEW OF AMERICAN STUDIES","volume":"51 1","pages":"107 - 92"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42673444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Reclaiming Indigeneity: Recent Publications at the University of Arizona Press","authors":"M. Boyer-Kelly","doi":"10.3138/CRAS.2018.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/CRAS.2018.010","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Colonial voices have often attempted to silence Indigenous voices, but contemporary publisher the University of Arizona Press is dedicated to disseminating scholarly texts that give voice to colonized peoples. The press's fall 2017 catalogue is particularly interesting because of its dedication to Indigenous activism, publishing three texts that depict varied ways in which Indigenous communities are attempting to overcome stereotypes and colonial trauma while also reflecting upon one another, allowing for new discussions to build within academia and beyond. Native Apparitions focuses on visual sovereignty and reclaiming Indigenous identity, Sovereign Acts includes various contributions that add to political activism and explore issues of sovereignty, while Marking Indigeneity elaborates on Tongan communities, in particular, the concepts of time and space in contemporary society. Highlighting current trends within one press's catalogue, this review discusses the authors' expressed need to reclaim Indigenous identities, cultures, and languages separately, yet it also examines larger Indigenous concerns across multiple communities.Résumé:Les voix des colons ont souvent tenté d'enterrer celles des Autochtones. En réaction à cela, une maison d'édition contemporaine, les Presses de l'Université de l'Arizona (University of Arizona Press), se consacre à la diffusion de textes savants qui redonnent une voix aux peuples colonisés. Son catalogue de l'automne 2017, consacré au militantisme autochtone, est spécialement intéressant. Il présente trois ouvrages dépeignant les tentatives des communautés autochtones pour surmonter les stéréotypes et les traumatismes coloniaux tout en réfléchissant les unes aux autres, ce qui fait naitre de nouveaux échanges au sein du milieu universitaire et au-delà. Native Apparitions s'intéresse à la souveraineté visuelle et à la réappropriation de l'identité autochtone, Sovereign Acts est un recueil de contributions qui ajoutent à l'activisme politique et explorent les questions liées à la souveraineté, tandis que Marking Indigeneity étudie les communautés tonguiennes, en particulier les concepts de temps et d'espace dans la société contemporaine. Suivant le fil des tendances actuelles à partir de ce catalogue particulier, le présent article réfléchit au besoin exprimé par les auteurs de revendiquer séparément les identités, les cultures et les langues autochtones, sans négliger l'examen de certaines autres préoccupations touchant plus largement de nombreuses communautés.","PeriodicalId":53953,"journal":{"name":"CANADIAN REVIEW OF AMERICAN STUDIES","volume":"50 1","pages":"192 - 199"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42403329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Introduction—Fifty Years of American Studies","authors":"Priscilla L. Walton, Bruce Tucker","doi":"10.3138/cras.2019.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/cras.2019.008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":53953,"journal":{"name":"CANADIAN REVIEW OF AMERICAN STUDIES","volume":"50 1","pages":"1 - 7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46036281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Finding Canada's Place in Richard Weaver's American Stereopticon: David Cronenberg's Obscene Critique of the \"Canadian Way of Life\"","authors":"D. Jarvis","doi":"10.3138/cras.2019.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/cras.2019.009","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:Richard Weaver's theory of the stereopticon can be described as the creation of false realities through artificially produced spectacles of sights and sounds. David Cronenberg's early-career Canadian-themed horror films view the stereopticon as completely directing evolutionary human development. Weaver bemoaned the loss of a metaphysically grounded religious world view that could hold back the obscenity of the stereopticon. Alternatively, Cronenberg dissects the obscenity of the stereopticon according to its own form and content.Résumé:La théorie de la lanterne magique de Richard Weaver peut être décrite comme étant la création de fausses réalités par l'entremise de spectacles de sons et lumières produits artificiellement. Les films d'horreur avec un thème canadien que David Cronenberg a réalisés en début de carrière présentent la lanterne magique comme dirigeant complètement le développement évolutionnaire humain. Weaver se plaignait de la perte d'une vision du monde religieuse enracinée dans la métaphysique, laquelle pouvait freiner l'obscénité de la lanterne magique. En revanche, Cronenberg dissèque cette obscénité d'après sa propre forme et son contenu.","PeriodicalId":53953,"journal":{"name":"CANADIAN REVIEW OF AMERICAN STUDIES","volume":"50 1","pages":"121 - 142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42125501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Eisenhower Blues: Returning GIs and Racial Masquerade in Post-War American Film and Fiction","authors":"A. Redding","doi":"10.3138/cras.2019.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/cras.2019.006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This article considers cross-racial encounters as well as racial mimicry and masquerade in works from the 1940s and 1950s, arguing that thrillers and other works of popular culture prove fertile ground for tracking the intersections of race and masculinity. Popular cultural texts of the period present a surprisingly uniform and articulate resistance to the consolidation of consensus culture. Pulp and paperback fiction reflect a crisis of assimilation on the part of returning white soldiers, depicting their predicament in the rhetoric of alienation and existential despair. Male protagonists resist their socially designated roles as responsible, married, breadwinning members of the managerial and professional classes. In novels by writers ranging from Nelson Algren to Richard Yates, prosperity is depicted as variously undesirable, unachievable, or too loathsome a burden to bear. Movies by directors such as Jules Dassin and John Huston lament the sacrifices men are seemingly compelled to make to enter into middle-class respectability. In these works, African American characters figure as \"authentic bearers of alienation.\" Consequently, the hard-boiled and noir melodramas of male \"self-reliance\" typically featured white protagonists navigating highly \"racialized\" and/or ethnic social spaces as they measured existential alienation against the economic disfranchisement. Often, as in Charles Willeford's fiction, such texts adopt a form of literary blackface to articulate discontent with the emerging post-war social order.Résumé:Cet article examine des rencontres transraciales ainsi que des imitations et des mascarades raciales dans les œuvres des années 1940 et 1950, soutenant que les suspenses et autres œuvres de la culture populaire sont des terres fertiles pour observer les intersections de race et de masculinité. Les textes de culture populaire de l'époque présentent une résistance étonnamment uniforme et articulée à la consolidation de la culture du consensus. Les romans pulps et les livres de poche reflètent une crise d'assimilation de la part du soldat blanc revenant de la guerre, montrant leur problématique dans la rhétorique d'aliénation et de désespoir existentiel. Les protagonistes mâles résistent les rôles désignés par la société en tant que membres responsables, mariés et gagne-pains des classes professionnelles et de gestion. Dans des romans écrits par des auteurs allant de Nelson Algren à Richard Yates, la prospérité est dépeinte comme étant soit indésirable, soit inatteignable, soit un fardeau trop horrible à porter. Des films par des réalisateurs comme Jules Dassin et John Huston se plaignent des sacrifices que les hommes semblent être obligés de faire pour entrer dans la classe moyenne respectable. Dans ces œuvres, les personnages afro-américains figurent comme les « porteurs authentiques de l'aliénation ». Par conséquent, les mélodrames noirs de l'« autonomie » masculine mettent généralement en vedette des protagonistes blanc","PeriodicalId":53953,"journal":{"name":"CANADIAN REVIEW OF AMERICAN STUDIES","volume":"50 1","pages":"44 - 8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43279466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Full Paper Jacket: Vietnam Book Cover Art","authors":"T. Blackmore","doi":"10.3138/cras.2019.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3138/cras.2019.002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract:This article chronicles the way book covers on American novels about the Vietnam War, both during and after the conflict, not only reflect the world of New York graphic design from 1960 onward but also mirror the United States' internal cultural struggle with the war. Having surveyed over 350 book covers, from high literary to war pulp fiction, the article concludes that only after two decades was the United States prepared to consider the Vietnam War thoughtfully, and even then it leaned toward erasure of rather than confrontation with it.Résumé:Cet article examine comment les couvertures des romans américains portant sur la guerre du Vietnam, tant durant le conflit qu'après celui-ci, non seulement reflètent le monde du graphisme à New York à partir des années 1960, mais aussi montrent le combat culturel interne qu'avaient les États-Unis face à la guerre. Après avoir regardé plus de 350 couvertures de livres, de la littérature sérieuse aux romans pulps, l'article conclut que seulement deux décennies se sont écoulées avant que les États-Unis soient prêts à traiter la guerre du Vietnam avec considération, quoiqu'ils avaient tendance à l'effacer plutôt qu'à la confronter.","PeriodicalId":53953,"journal":{"name":"CANADIAN REVIEW OF AMERICAN STUDIES","volume":"50 1","pages":"101 - 45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2020-01-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48958911","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}