Critical Reviews in Biomedical Engineering最新文献_第6页

An Inexpensive Earth Field NMR Spectrometer with Improved Shimming. 一种廉价的改进调光地球场核磁共振谱仪。

Critical Reviews in Biomedical Engineering Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/critrevbiomedeng.2021038394

C. Padma, ThejasVishnu Ramesh, Syed. Siddiq, S. Geethanath

{"title":"An Inexpensive Earth Field NMR Spectrometer with Improved Shimming.","authors":"C. Padma, ThejasVishnu Ramesh, Syed. Siddiq, S. Geethanath","doi":"10.1615/critrevbiomedeng.2021038394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1615/critrevbiomedeng.2021038394","url":null,"abstract":"A simple, cost-effective, do-it-yourself earth field nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer with shimming is demonstrated. A spectrometer for understanding magnetic resonance physics in an academic environment is presented here along with its coil and system component design. This system was designed with inexpensive and readily available electronic components costing less than US $130. The three signal chains in the system include the polarizer along with the polarization coil, transmitter driver with transceiver coil, and receiver circuit serving as a low-noise amplifier. A microcontroller acting as the signal generator and processor controls the entire system. Switching between the transmitter and the receiver is via a relay circuit. In experiments, the free induction decay obtained from the water sample lasted 2 s with an amplitude of 5 a.u. at 1512 Hz. The line width decreased by 13 Hz after active shimming compared to 3 Hz with passive shimming. The spin echo results of the commercially available Terranova-MRI system with and without sample were used as a benchmark for the low-cost earth field nuclear magnetic resonance spectrometer. The entire system had to be fine-tuned to visualize the free induction decay because the 1.2 kHz and 50 Hz noise was predominant before tuning. Future work will involve the incorporation of gradients and time-shared pulse sequence design.","PeriodicalId":53679,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Biomedical Engineering","volume":"49 3 1","pages":"1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67421190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Effect of Exercise on Neural Activation and Cognition: A Review of Task-Based fMRI Studies. 运动对神经激活和认知的影响:任务型fMRI研究综述。

Critical Reviews in Biomedical Engineering Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/CritRevBiomedEng.2021038975

Joshua E McGillivray, Hubert Debruin, Dinesh Kumbhare, Michael D Noseworthy

{"title":"The Effect of Exercise on Neural Activation and Cognition: A Review of Task-Based fMRI Studies.","authors":"Joshua E McGillivray, Hubert Debruin, Dinesh Kumbhare, Michael D Noseworthy","doi":"10.1615/CritRevBiomedEng.2021038975","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1615/CritRevBiomedEng.2021038975","url":null,"abstract":"Numerous studies have stressed the importance of exercise in promoting physical and mental health and for aiding in cognition. Encouragingly, physical exercise has been shown to reduce the risk of developing Alzheimer's disease and to mitigate hemiparesis experienced by stroke patients. Additionally, today where over 1.9 billion are overweight, physical exercise is imperative to save lives and to mitigate the burden on the healthcare system. Although the benefits of physical exercise have been explored, the underlying mechanisms to enact these benefits have not been well-characterized. Here we review exercise-induced changes in regional brain activation and modulation. Paradigms differing in intensity, duration, and type of motor movement have been used to assess exercise effects on memory, cognition, and disease mitigation in youth and elderly populations. To evaluate exercise-induced changes in neural activity, the noninvasive imaging technique, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), is employed. fMRI is recorded either during or after exercise intervention. Post-exercise fMRI is often paired with in-bore tests of cognition to provide insight into the associated brain regions. Whereas, during intervention, fMRI is used to detail muscle-associated neural activation profiles. Characterization of the region and magnitude of brain activation has been used to perform comparative studies and identify specific characteristics from individuals with varying motor and cognitive abilities. Further fMRI and exercise research, with the use of these metrics, could facilitate the development of tools for disease diagnosis or to assess level of dysfunction or progression.","PeriodicalId":53679,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Biomedical Engineering","volume":"49 2","pages":"21-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39746602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Prediction of Blood Glucose Concentration Based on CEEMD and Improved Particle Swarm Optimization LSSVM. 基于CEEMD和改进粒子群优化LSSVM的血糖浓度预测。

Critical Reviews in Biomedical Engineering Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/CritRevBiomedEng.2021038397

Gao Ping, Yan Lei

引用次数: 1

PMMA Bone Cement in Interventional Oncology. PMMA骨水泥在介入肿瘤学中的应用。

Critical Reviews in Biomedical Engineering Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/CritRevBiomedEng.2021037591

Julien Garnon, L Meylheuc, J Jennings, G Koch, R Cazzato, B Bayle, A Gangi

引用次数: 4

Evaluation and Test Methods of Industrial Exoskeletons In Vitro, In Vivo, and In Silico: A Critical Review. 工业外骨骼在体外、体内和硅片上的评估和测试方法:综述。

Critical Reviews in Biomedical Engineering Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/critrevbiomedeng.2022041509

Liying Zheng, B. Lowe, Ashley L. Hawke, John Wu

{"title":"Evaluation and Test Methods of Industrial Exoskeletons In Vitro, In Vivo, and In Silico: A Critical Review.","authors":"Liying Zheng, B. Lowe, Ashley L. Hawke, John Wu","doi":"10.1615/critrevbiomedeng.2022041509","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1615/critrevbiomedeng.2022041509","url":null,"abstract":"Industrial exoskeletons have been used to assist workers during occupational activities, such as overhead work, tool-use, mobility, stooping/squatting, and/or load carrying in various industries. Despite the promise of reducing the risk of work-related musculoskeletal disorders, there is a lack of sufficient evidence to support the safe and effective use of industrial exoskeletons. To assess the merits and residual risks of various types of exoskeletons in different work settings, more comprehensive evaluation procedures are needed. This review study aims to provide an overview of the existing viable and promising methods for evaluating the effectiveness of industrial exoskeletons. The different evaluation methods are organized into three categories-in vitro, in vivo, and in silico studies. The limitations and challenges in different types of evaluation approaches are also discussed. In summary, this review sheds light on choosing appropriate evaluation approaches and may help with decision-making during the development, evaluation, and application of industrial exoskeletons.","PeriodicalId":53679,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Biomedical Engineering","volume":"49 4 1","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67421309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Automated Atrial Fibrillation Detection by ECG Signal Processing: A Review. 基于心电信号处理的心房颤动自动检测综述。

Critical Reviews in Biomedical Engineering Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/critrevbiomedeng.2022041650

Jader Giraldo-Guzmán, S. H. Contreras-Ortiz, M. Kotas, F. Castells, Tomasz Moron

引用次数: 0

COVID-19 Threat to the World: Current and Possible Diagnostic/Treatment Strategies. COVID-19对世界的威胁:当前和可能的诊断/治疗策略。

Critical Reviews in Biomedical Engineering Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/CritRevBiomedEng.2021036595

Mohd Mughees, Himanshu Chugh, Samar Husain Naqvi, Saima Wajid

{"title":"COVID-19 Threat to the World: Current and Possible Diagnostic/Treatment Strategies.","authors":"Mohd Mughees, Himanshu Chugh, Samar Husain Naqvi, Saima Wajid","doi":"10.1615/CritRevBiomedEng.2021036595","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1615/CritRevBiomedEng.2021036595","url":null,"abstract":"The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has resulted in a world-wide crisis. To contain the virus, it is important to find infected individuals and isolate them to stop transmission. Various diagnostic techniques are used to check for infection. With the havoc that severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has created, it is imperative to work on alternative diagnostic techniques that can be used at both point of care with little or no expertise and at mass testing (i.e., when screening). Despite extensive research, to this date no specific effective treatment or cure is available to neutralize this viral infection. Globally, researchers are working to develop effective treatments, and several vaccines have been approved for public use. We found the studies that we explored for this review using appropriate key words for indexing in PubMed and Google Scholar from 2019 to 2020. We compile various techniques that have been used worldwide to diagnose and treat SARS-CoV-2 and discuss novel methods that may be modified for use in diagnosis and treatment. It is crucial to develop a more specific serological test for diagnosis that can rule out the possibility of COVID-19 and be used for mass testing. An affordable, safe, targeted, effective treatment must be developed to cure this disease, which has created a public health emergency of international concern.","PeriodicalId":53679,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Biomedical Engineering","volume":"49 1","pages":"21-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39275141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Research in Tissue Engineering Scaffold Materials for Alveolar Bone Repair. 牙槽骨修复组织工程支架材料的研究。

Critical Reviews in Biomedical Engineering Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/critrevbiomedeng.2022041926

Dezhao Che, Yihua Feng, Chao Wei, Xuan Zhou, Jiahui Zhang, Yanbin Shi, Li Wang

引用次数: 1

Deep Learning-Based Denoising for High b-Value at 2000 s/mm2 Diffusion-Weighted Imaging. 基于深度学习的2000 s/mm2弥散加权成像高b值去噪。

Critical Reviews in Biomedical Engineering Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/CritRevBiomedEng.2022040279

Seema S Bhat, Pavan Poojar, Chennagiri Rajarao Padma, Rishi Kashyap Ananth, M C Hanumantharaju, Sairam Geethanath

{"title":"Deep Learning-Based Denoising for High b-Value at 2000 s/mm2 Diffusion-Weighted Imaging.","authors":"Seema S Bhat, Pavan Poojar, Chennagiri Rajarao Padma, Rishi Kashyap Ananth, M C Hanumantharaju, Sairam Geethanath","doi":"10.1615/CritRevBiomedEng.2022040279","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1615/CritRevBiomedEng.2022040279","url":null,"abstract":"Diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) allows white matter quantification of the white matter tracts of the brain. However, at a high b-value (≥ 2000 s/mm2), DWI acquisition suffers from noise due to longer acquisition times obscuring white matter interpretation. DWI denoising techniques can be used to acquire high b-value DWI without increasing the number of signal averages. We used a residual learning-based convolutional neural network (DnCNN) to reduce noise in high b-value DWI based on the literature review. We applied the proposed denoising method on high b-value, retrospectively collected DWI data with multiple noise levels. Experimental results show an improved image quality after denoising in retrospective DWI (average PSNR before and after denoising: 27.63 ± 1.06 dB and 51.76 ± 1.95 dB, respectively). The prospective DWI included one and two signal averages for denoising. DWI with four signal averages was used as the reference. Representative images show high b-value prospective DW images denoised using the DnCNN. We demonstrated DnCNN for cases of multiple noise levels and signal averages. For the prospective study, the PSNR values for 1-NEX before and after denoising were 27.39 ± 3.75 dB and 27.68 ± 3.75 dB. For 2-NEX, the PSNR values before and after denoising were 27.51 ± 4.18 dB and 27.75 ± 4.05 dB.","PeriodicalId":53679,"journal":{"name":"Critical Reviews in Biomedical Engineering","volume":"49 6","pages":"1-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40629733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Advances in Mechanical Thrombectomy for Acute Ischemic Stroke Due to Large Vessel Occlusion. 机械取栓治疗大血管闭塞性急性缺血性脑卒中的研究进展。

Critical Reviews in Biomedical Engineering Pub Date : 2021-01-01 DOI: 10.1615/critrevbiomedeng.2022042563

M. Kameda-Smith, A. M. Pai, Y. Jung, T. Duda, B. van Adel

引用次数: 0