Acta Silvatica et Lignaria Hungarica最新文献

{"title":"The Multifunctional Role of Shelterbelts in Intensively Managed Agricultural Land – Silvoarable Agroforestry in Hungary","authors":"N. Szigeti, N. Frank, A. Vityi","doi":"10.37045/aslh-2020-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37045/aslh-2020-0002","url":null,"abstract":"– The use of shelterbelts as windbreaks to protect and increase field productivity has a long history in Hungary. Nevertheless, when shelterbelts began to wane, many environmental problems such as soil drying, deflation, and erosion began to occur, which in turn led to economic difficulties. Earlier field experience supported by new results indicates that shelterbelts are beneficial for intensively-treated fields, this despite the space shelterbelts require. Our research study aims to summarize the information available in Hungarian and international literature regarding the most effective shelterbelt structure. In addition, the study supports the design of multipurpose tree plantations with recommendations to mitigate climate change impacts and minimize the negative effects of intensive agricultural technology. In this article we would like to draw attention to the fact that shelterbelts can serve as effective tools in agroforestry and can be regarded as a means of ensuring economically and environmentally sustainable methods for agriculture. Below, we summarize how shelterbelts can help with adaptation to coming global and local challenges; we also describe why and how shelterbelts can be renewed and implemented in a reasonable way.","PeriodicalId":53620,"journal":{"name":"Acta Silvatica et Lignaria Hungarica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88283425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Non-polar Extractable Substances on Soils and on Vegetation Cover from old Environmental Burdens","authors":"Ivana Knapcová, H. Hybská, H. Ollerová, D. Samešová, O. Vacek, Martina Lobotková, Darina Veverková, T. Rétfalvi","doi":"10.37045/aslh-2020-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37045/aslh-2020-0007","url":null,"abstract":"This case study focuses on the assessment of the effect of soil pollution by gudrons disposed in landfills. Waste products are acid tars, called \"gudron\" in the Slovakian terminology. Gudrons are waste products resulting from sulphonation technologies used in oil processing. In the Slovak Republic, gudron landfills are risk localities and are classified as old environmental burdens. Non-polar extractable substances (NES) as well as the activity of soil cellulase and basal soil respiration in soil samples taken from four different distances from the pollution sources were analysed. The effect of landfills on vegetation was assessed by recording the number and cover of plants on the sampling points. Long-term and gradual gudron contamination of the surrounding areas from both landfills is evident and has been proven by monitored NES concentrations. The pollution progress was predicted by the use of logistical function (based on the NES indicator) due to the increasing distance from the sources of pollution. Comparison of these two areas showed markedly higher oil substances pollution in the soil samples taken from the surroundings of the landfill Predajna 2. Determined content of NES did not meet the criteria of permissible concentration in soil samples, not even at a distance of 150 m (< 0.1 mg kg-1 in compliance with the Law No. 220/2004 Coll.). When determining basal soil respiration, the production of CO2 corresponded with oil pollution determined by the NES indicator. High concentrations of NES hinder enzymatic cellulase activity. The decomposition of cellulose occurs only at lower concentrations of NES. It is possible to range the soils of lower NES concentrations (soils taken from the distances of 70 m and 150 m from Predajna 1; 110 m and 150 m from Predajna 2) among the soils with weak or middle soil cellulose activity. This indicates that microbial activity was detected in the soil samples, and the values of this microbial activity were higher due to a decrease of inhibitors caused by oil pollution. That total surface vegetation cover increases as distance from the landfills increases indicated the validity of these facts.","PeriodicalId":53620,"journal":{"name":"Acta Silvatica et Lignaria Hungarica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84872567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of Physical, Chemical and Biological Soil Properties under Norway Spruce, European Beech and Sessile Oak – a Case Study","authors":"B. Heil, Dávid Heilig, G. Kovacs","doi":"10.37045/aslh-2020-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37045/aslh-2020-0004","url":null,"abstract":"This study examined the interaction of tree species and soil development in litter and the 0-10 cm mineral topsoil layer in European beech, Norway spruce, and sessile oak forests. It also compared the main soil chemical, physical, and selected microbiological indicators as well as the microbial biomass, basal and substrate induced respiration, lipid phosphate content, phospholipid fatty acid profiles (PLFA), and respiratory quinones (RQ). With Norway spruce, soil pH, clay, and silt content were significantly lower, while exchangeable acidity was higher. This leads to a major loss of exchangeable cations of the upper soil layer resulting in lower base saturation. The microbial metabolic activity and microbial biomass of deciduous forest soils were significantly higher. The respiratory quotient (q) was highest in spruce, indicating disadvantageous circumstances for microbial activity. Our results demonstrate the importance of a complex study of physicochemical and biological soil parameters when investigating the impact of forest management on soil by, for example, providing data for the development of forest condition monitoring activities.","PeriodicalId":53620,"journal":{"name":"Acta Silvatica et Lignaria Hungarica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82022520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Standard Output of Forest Index ‒ an Indicator of Site Quality","authors":"E. Schiberna","doi":"10.37045/aslh-2020-0008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37045/aslh-2020-0008","url":null,"abstract":"The Standard Output of Forest Index (SOFI) describes the ability of forests to produce financial value from wood production based on the standardized monetary value of the mean annual increment of the potential final harvest relative to a reference forest type. It can be applied on regions where the forests can be classified into major tree species or species groups and into site classes. The potential volume of final wood harvest is estimated through yield tables. Using the share of lowquality and high-quality wood product groups in the final harvest, and their respective standardized price, the output value of the final harvest is expressed and then divided by the rotation age. This standardized output is compared to a reference forest type identified by its tree species and site class, and multiplied by 10 points. The SOFI of the reference forest, therefore, is 10, while higher values represent higher potential output and smaller values represent smaller potential output. With the necessary modifications, the SOFI can be applied to uneven-age forests as well. It can primarily be used to describe and compare the financial output potential of larger forest areas.","PeriodicalId":53620,"journal":{"name":"Acta Silvatica et Lignaria Hungarica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78435019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Meteorological and Site Parameters on the Health Status of Beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) Forests in Hungary","authors":"Gergely Janik, Zoltán Pödör, A. Koltay, A. Hirka, János Juhász, Gyula Kovács, G. Csóka","doi":"10.37045/aslh-2020-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37045/aslh-2020-0005","url":null,"abstract":"The influence of meteorological parameters on the health status of beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) was analyzed using long term datasets (1989-2010) collected in 15 sample plots located in Hungary’s main beech regions. Leaf loss values were correlated with different meteorological parameters as explanatory variables. Analysis was performed by the CReMIT (Cyclic Reverse Moving Intervals Techniques) method. Weather, stand, and site parameters were also examined with PCA for comparison. Leaf loss levels showed stronger correlations with maximum monthly temperatures than with monthly precipitation sums. The monthly number of summer days and monthly number of hot days displayed a similar correlation to leaf loss as the maximum monthly temperature did. The correlations were regularly stronger and more frequent on more arid sites where the climate is less favorable for beech. Temperature affected leaf loss more than precipitation did. Our results show that beech forests may suffer heavy damage if climate change continues as projected.","PeriodicalId":53620,"journal":{"name":"Acta Silvatica et Lignaria Hungarica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74253007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Management of Robinia pseudoacacia cv. ‘Üllői’ – ‘Üllői’ locust","authors":"K. Rédei, Z. Keserű, I. Bach, J. Raso, T. Ábri, F. Szabó, J. Gál","doi":"10.37045/aslh-2020-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37045/aslh-2020-0001","url":null,"abstract":"– Black locust ( Robinia pseudoacacia L.) is the most widespread introduced tree species in Hungary. Though it covers 24% of the country’s total forest area, the wood industry has difficulties processing large quantities of this poor quality wood. To address this issue, the Hungarian Forest Research Institute (FRI) initiated a selective breeding program designed to improve black locust wood quality. The breeding was based mainly on the small, elite breeding populations of the so called “ship mast” locust, which possess solid, straight, fork-free stems. Mono- and multi-clonal cultivars were developed and cultivar comparative and growing trials were established. Among the selected cultivars, the cultivar ‘Üllői’ locust ( Robinia pseudoacacia cv. ‘Üllői’ ) proved one of the best. As a result, a comprehensive review on the management of ‘Üllői’ locust in Hungary was compiled. This study provides a contribution to the improvement of growing technology used for selected black locust cultivars.","PeriodicalId":53620,"journal":{"name":"Acta Silvatica et Lignaria Hungarica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84638225","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Local Case Study of Coniferous Forest Litter of the \"Pinus halepensis Mill\" in Arid and Semi-arid Areas of Western Algeria","authors":"Mohamed Zoudi, Amine Habib Borsal, Ayoub Allam, R. Gros, C. Rébufa, Anne Marie Farnet da Silva","doi":"10.37045/aslh-2020-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37045/aslh-2020-0003","url":null,"abstract":"– Forest tree species produce litter, which is the plant/soil interface that ensures the maintenance of soil fertility whose properties depend on the botanical species considered. The differences of properties are marked in the nature of the decomposition processes and the forms of humus which result from it. In this study, the physicochemical characteristics and biological activity of litter were compared in coniferous plots located in the semi-arid and the arid zones of western Algeria. The objective of this work was to characterize and compare the physical-chemical properties and microbiological characteristics of softwood forest litter in the semi-arid and arid areas of western Algeria. We analyzed the properties of 50 samples of Aleppo pine litter collected from five stations in each zone. Analysis results show a highly significant difference (p<0.05) in the physical-chemical properties between the semi-arid and arid zone: humidity (20.7% – 6.51%), pH (5.98 – 6.14), conductivity (0.42 mS/cm – 0.65 mS/cm), carbon (45.74% – 73.42%), nitrogen (1.17% - 0.86%) and C/N ratio (37.47 – 73.42). A comparison of the mean of microbial biomass and their efficacy reveals what is homogeneous in both zones, with a small difference in basal respiration. The heterogeneity of these results indicates","PeriodicalId":53620,"journal":{"name":"Acta Silvatica et Lignaria Hungarica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82387440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stakeholder Analysis to Support Secondary Norway Spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) Forest Conversion in the Ukrainian Carpathians","authors":"O. Pelyukh, A. Paletto","doi":"10.2478/aslh-2019-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/aslh-2019-0006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Stakeholder analysis is a crucial step in the participatory process to involve all groups of interests in sustainable forest management. This paper aims to develop a method of stakeholder analysis to identify and classify stakeholders involved in secondary Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) stand conversions. The method is based on a questionnaire survey and structured into three stages: (1) stakeholder identification; (2) analytical characterization of stakeholders; and (3) stakeholder aggregation. Stakeholders are classified according to their interest level and importance while considering the relationships among them (social network analysis). Stakeholder analysis is applied in the Ukrainian Carpathians, which is characterized by cultural and economic dependence on forest resources. The results highlight seven “supporters” and six “opponents” as well as three key stakeholders and four primary stakeholders. We propose involving up to three stakeholders from each homogeneous group to balance stakeholder contributions and enhance the democratization of the forest conversion decision-making process.","PeriodicalId":53620,"journal":{"name":"Acta Silvatica et Lignaria Hungarica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74184874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environmental Life-Cycle Assessment of Arable Crop Production Technologies Compared to Different Harvesting Work Systems in Short Rotation Energy Plantations","authors":"A. Polgár, Z. Kovács, Veronika Elekné Fodor, A. Bidló","doi":"10.2478/aslh-2019-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/aslh-2019-0005","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Environmental life cycle assessment (LCA) was developed as a tool for sustainable, decision-supporting environmental management. Applying agricultural sector-LCA in order to achieve both internal (comparative) and external (efficiency enhancing) benefits is a priority. Since the life-cycle assessment of products and processes attracts great interest, applying the method in agriculture is relevant. Our study undertakes a comparative environmental life-cycle assessment (LCA) of local arable crop production technologies used for the main cultivated plants: maize, sunflower, lucerne, cereals, and canola (environmental data in the territorial approach calculated on a 1 ha unit and in the quantitative approach calculated on 1 t of produce). We prepared an environmental inventory of the arable crop production technologies, constructed the life-cycle models, and executed the impact assessment. We also compiled an environmental ranking of technologies. In the impact interpretation, we compared the results with the values of short rotation energy plantations in each impact category. We analysed carbon footprints closely. The obtained results help better assess environmental impacts, climate risks, and climate change as they pertain to arable crop production technologies, which advances the selection of appropriate technologies adjusted to environmental sensitivities.","PeriodicalId":53620,"journal":{"name":"Acta Silvatica et Lignaria Hungarica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78275045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Combined Multi-assay Evaluation of the Antioxidant Properties of Tree Bark","authors":"Esztella Tálos-Nebehaj, L. Albert, Eszter Visi-Rajczi, T. Hofmann","doi":"10.2478/aslh-2019-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/aslh-2019-0007","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Wood logging generates considerable amounts of bark by-product, which are a potential antioxidant source well worth extracting and using. The present work compares the antioxidant properties of the bark of the following selected Hungarian forest tree species: white poplar (Populus alba L.), black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia L.), sessile oak (Quercus petraea Liebl.), black poplar (Populus nigra L.), silver birch (Betula pendula Roth), European larch (Larix decidua Mill.), scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), wild cherry (Prunus avium L.), European hornbeam (Carpinus betulus L.) and sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.). Inner and outer bark were investigated separately. Total polyphenol content (TPC) was determined by the Folin-Ciocâlteu method, whereas antioxidant capacity was assayed using the ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP), 2.2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and ABTS (2,2’-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)) methods. The overall antioxidant power of the samples was evaluated using a scoring system that combined the FRAP, DPPH, and ABTS assay results. The TPC levels did not always follow the FRAP, DPPH, and ABTS assay values. Differing reaction mechanisms and sample compositions are possible reasons for this. The presented scoring evaluation was suitable for the assessment and comparison of complex antioxidant properties of tree bark samples. According to the scores, inner bark showed higher scores compared to outer bark for most species with the exceptions of black poplar, black locust, white poplar, sweet chestnut, and European larch. The highest overall antioxidant capacities were determined in the inner bark of wild cherry and the outer bark of sweet chestnut. The species with the overall lowest scores were black locust and black poplar.","PeriodicalId":53620,"journal":{"name":"Acta Silvatica et Lignaria Hungarica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84950984","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}