Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica最新文献_第3页

Truncated Non-Nuclear Transposable Elements in Grapevine: A Mini Review 葡萄中截断的非核转座因子:综述

Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/sab-2019-0030

A. Milovanov, J. Tello, U. Anhalt, A. Forneck

{"title":"Truncated Non-Nuclear Transposable Elements in Grapevine: A Mini Review","authors":"A. Milovanov, J. Tello, U. Anhalt, A. Forneck","doi":"10.2478/sab-2019-0030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/sab-2019-0030","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this mini-review we present insight to the non-nuclear transposable elements and in silico analysis of miniature inverted transposable elements (MITEs) in the grapevine mitochondrial genome. Here we report the identification of 17 truncated sequences in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) mitochondrial genome which expectedly belongs to the four ancient transposon families (hAT, Tc1Mariner, Mutator and PIF/Harbinger). Some sequences with a high rate of homology in chloroplast and nuclear genomes were also identified. Thus, it suggests the intercellular gene transfer between these three organelles. These partial sequences showed a high level of similitude with full MITE sequences, and they were found in their inner region, supporting their MITE origin. Further analysis revealed these sequences in other life kingdoms (including eubacteria and archaea), which indicates their ancient origin. Further research showed that 13 out of the 17 sequences are conserved domains of the genes where they are located, suggesting their contribution to gene evolution. Therefore, we suppose that more studies of nature, origin and functional meaning of these sequences and their fusion with genes are necessary. In the light of our observations it will be useful for further studies of V. vinifera genome organizing and systematics, as well as for other species.","PeriodicalId":53537,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica","volume":"50 1","pages":"219 - 227"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42127598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Canopy-Dwelling Arthropod Response to Rynaxypyr and Lambda-Cyhalothrin Treatments in Maize 玉米冠层节肢动物对赖氨酰和氯氟氰菊酯处理的反应

Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/sab-2019-0033

S. Keszthelyi, Z. Pónya

{"title":"Canopy-Dwelling Arthropod Response to Rynaxypyr and Lambda-Cyhalothrin Treatments in Maize","authors":"S. Keszthelyi, Z. Pónya","doi":"10.2478/sab-2019-0033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/sab-2019-0033","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The technology of grain corn production has recently been continuously changing due to spreading of insecticidal in-crop treatments in Europe. The aim of these interventions is to prevent damage caused by serious lepidopterous pests in maize. We carried out in-maize field experiments using two different active ingredients of insecticides in four consecutive years (2014–2017). A field experiment was conducted to compare the effect of applications of rynaxypyr (ANT) and rynaxypyr + lambda-cyhalothrin (PYR) on the canopy-dwelling arthropod community in commercial maize grain acreage. The effects of both ANT and PYR treatments against Ostrinia nubilalis Hübner (Lep.: Crambidae) were tested through four-year field experiments. The quantitative and qualitative assemblages of the perished arthropods and diversity alterations measured by canopy netting and grounded tarpaulins greatly differed in the different insecticide treatments. A significant number of dead arthropods was recorded after PYR treatment. Populations of other natural enemies (Coccinellidae, Chrysopidae, etc.) and endangered species (Calomobius filum, Rossi) were also negatively affected. The arthropod community of the examined maize plots was drastically altered by sprayings, which, among other factors, may account for the mass appearance of the other non-target pest organisms (Aphidae: Rhopalosiphum spp., Miridae: Trygonotylus spp.).","PeriodicalId":53537,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica","volume":"50 1","pages":"236 - 243"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47548129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Calcium Chloride and Drought Stress Changed Grain Yield and Physiological Traits in Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.) 氯化钙和干旱胁迫对芝麻籽粒产量和生理性状的影响

Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/sab-2019-0029

M. Heidari, N. Amirfazli, H. Ghorbani, F. Zafarian

{"title":"Calcium Chloride and Drought Stress Changed Grain Yield and Physiological Traits in Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)","authors":"M. Heidari, N. Amirfazli, H. Ghorbani, F. Zafarian","doi":"10.2478/sab-2019-0029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/sab-2019-0029","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Water deficit or drought stress is one of the most significant abiotic stresses that induce reduction in plant growth and crops yield. Calcium chloride has been shown to ameliorate the adverse effects of drought stress on many plants. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the role of calcium chloride in drought resistance and its effect on some physiological characteristics in sesame. Calcium is essential for good growth and structure of plants. In sesame (Sesamum indicum L.), the foliar application of calcium chloride (C1=0 (control), C2=5, C3=10 and C4=15 mM concentration) significantly affected on grain yield under drought stress (W1= 7 (control, no drought stress-plants irrigation at a 7-day interval), W2= 12 (severe drought and plants irrigation at a 12- day interval) and W3= 17 (the most severe drought and plants irrigation at a 17-day interval). Drought stress reduced grain yield and 1000 seed weight, but these were enhanced by foliar application of calcium chloride when drought levels increased from W1 to W3. Although the increasing calcium chloride concentration reduced the content of photosynthesis pigments in leaves, the drought treatment until W2 increased the content of photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll “a” and carotenoids) in leaves. The foliar application of calcium chloride increased the seed weight in plant, the number of capsules per plant, plant height, and the concentration of potassium and phosphorus in leaves and seeds. The greatest amount of potassium in leaves and seeds were measured under the W1C3 treatment. Sesame plants under W3C3 and W2C3 had the highest amount of phosphorus in leaves and seeds, respectively. Overall, although drought stress reduced the growth and grain yield in sesame, the foliar application of calcium chloride at the concentration of 10 mM, prevented the drought-stressed sesame plants from damage by improving their physiological parameters.","PeriodicalId":53537,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica","volume":"50 1","pages":"211 - 218"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44656234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Quality Attributes that Matters When Purchasing Milk by Slovak Consumers 斯洛伐克消费者购买牛奶时考虑的质量因素

Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/sab-2019-0034

K. Kurajdová, J. Táborecká-Petrovičová, G. Nedelová

引用次数: 1

Identification of the Location of Vanished Objects of Baroque Land in Lysá Nad Labem 莱士<s:1>纳德拉贝姆巴洛克时期土地上消失物品的位置鉴定

Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/sab-2019-0032

M. Havlová

引用次数: 0

Future Agriculturists: Czech and U.S. Agricultural Students’ Attitudes Towards Agriculture 未来的农业学家：捷克和美国农业学生对农业的态度

Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/sab-2019-0035

H. Chýlová, P. Michálek, P. Rymešová, L. Natovová

{"title":"Future Agriculturists: Czech and U.S. Agricultural Students’ Attitudes Towards Agriculture","authors":"H. Chýlová, P. Michálek, P. Rymešová, L. Natovová","doi":"10.2478/sab-2019-0035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/sab-2019-0035","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The future of agriculture in the EU is endangered by a constantly diminishing number of young skilled agricultural workers starting their career in agribusiness. The problem of not pursuing in the agricultural career after the university graduation forced us to compare different attitudes of students from the USA (Ohio State University) and the Czech Republic (Czech University of Life Sciences Prague). The article deals with the attitudes towards agriculture in two groups of agriculture university students (n = 201). The data were collected with the use of a standardized Questionnaire on Measuring the Affective and Cognitive Properties of Attitudes. The results of Man-Whitney test indicate that both groups of students show significantly more the affective than the cognitive base of their attitude. Furthermore, U.S. students display more positive attitudes towards the agriculture workers than Czech students. Authors bring forward the issue of attitudes in an attempt to find a way to influence the decision making of skilled agri-graduates to prefer the field of agribusiness over other careers and propose to focus on a change in attitudes, for example by the increase of the level of practical experience with agribusiness in school farm estates.","PeriodicalId":53537,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica","volume":"50 1","pages":"251 - 258"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41471381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Influence of Canahua and Quinoa Wholemeals on Properties of Non-Fermented Wheat Dough Canahua和Quinoa全麦对未发酵小麦面团性质的影响

Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica Pub Date : 2019-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/sab-2019-0031

I. Švec, M. Hrušková, R. Kapačinskaitė, T. Hofmanová

引用次数: 0

Isolation, Screening and Response of Maize to Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria Inoculants 玉米对植物生长促进根际细菌菌种的分离、筛选及响应

Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica Pub Date : 2019-09-01 DOI: 10.2478/sab-2019-0025

A. Akintokun, E. Ezaka, P. Akintokun, O. Shittu, L. Taiwo

{"title":"Isolation, Screening and Response of Maize to Plant Growth Promoting Rhizobacteria Inoculants","authors":"A. Akintokun, E. Ezaka, P. Akintokun, O. Shittu, L. Taiwo","doi":"10.2478/sab-2019-0025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/sab-2019-0025","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The use of plant growth promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) as biofertilizer is a relatively safer, environment friendly and cost effective. This work was designed to assess plant growth promoting abilities of rhizobacteria and evaluate their effect on germination and growth of maize. The bacteria were isolated and screened for plant growth promoting abilities using Pikovskaya agar, Aleksandrov agar and Jensen media. Twelve isolates that showed multiple attributes were further screened for indole acetic acid (IAA) and gibberellic acid (GA) production; best five isolates were selected for further studies. The results of IAA and GA production showed a considerable amount of IAA and GA produced by the isolates which ranged between 9–94 and 21–97 mg l–1, respectively. The selected isolates identified as Bacillusmojavensis, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Alcaligenes faecalis, Pseudomonas syringae and Bacillus cereus showed a significant difference(P≤0.05) in the amount of potassium(K) and phosphorus(P) solubilized at different source of K (KCl and mica powder) and P (Ca2PO4 and rock phosphate). The isolates also recorded significant level of nitrogen fixing ability with Alcaligenes faecalis strain P156 fixing the highest amount of nitrogen (11.4 mg N fixed per l) and least by Bacillus mojavensis strain NBSL51 (6.3 mg N fixed per l).The results of plant inoculation test showed that Bacillus cereus strain 20UPMNR significantly enhanced the root and shoot dry weight. All the selected isolates enhanced shoot and root length except Bacillus mojavensis which produced less effect on root length when compared to the control. These results have provided vital information for the development of a bio fertilizer for maize.","PeriodicalId":53537,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica","volume":"50 1","pages":"181 - 190"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41517836","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 15

Detection of Animal Occurrence Using an Unmanned System 使用无人系统检测动物事件

Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica Pub Date : 2019-09-01 DOI: 10.2478/sab-2019-0028

J. Lešetický, P. Matějka, M. Olmr

引用次数: 0

Muscle Fibre Types and Their Relation to Meat Quality Traits in Pigs 猪肌纤维类型及其与肉质性状的关系

Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica Pub Date : 2019-09-01 DOI: 10.2478/sab-2019-0022

N. Lebedová, R. Stupka, J. Čítek, K. Zadinová, E. Kudrnáčová, M. Okrouhlá, P. Dundáčková

引用次数: 1