Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica最新文献

Toxicity and Biochemical Effects of Cumin and Basil Essential Oils on Tribolium Castaneum 孜然和罗勒精油对蓖麻的毒性及生化作用

Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.2478/sab-2021-0005

A. F. Omar, M. El-Ebiary, G. Nasr, H. M. Hassan

引用次数: 3

Plant Extracts Inducing Enzyme Activity in Grains Against Loose Smut Disease 植物提取物诱导谷物抗疏松性Smut病的酶活性

Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.2478/sab-2021-0006

B. Karsou, R. Samara

{"title":"Plant Extracts Inducing Enzyme Activity in Grains Against Loose Smut Disease","authors":"B. Karsou, R. Samara","doi":"10.2478/sab-2021-0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/sab-2021-0006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study investigated the role of endogenous Palestinian plant extracts in inducing wheat and barley resistance systems against loose smut disease with the aim to alternate the chemical pest control with natural fungicides. Twenty indigenous herbal plant extracts and essential oils were assessed for their biological and antifungal properties against Ustilago tritici and Ustilago nuda. Their potential role in inducing resistance pathways was studied on four different cultivars of wheat and barley. Two common enzyme indicators – guaiacol peroxidase (POX) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) – are expressed in plants only after physical or chemical induction. The antifungal activity of the plant extracts was investigated in vitro. Totally 70 % of the plant extracts showed antifungal activity against Ustilago tritici and Ustilago nuda. Coridothyme extracts ranked first (61 %) in the fungal growth inhibition, followed by varthemia, salvia, ambrosia, artemisia, and lemon thyme. Some plant extracts significantly increased the POX and PPO effect compared to control for all the wheat and barley cultivars tested. The study revealed that oregano, clove or lavender and pomegranate, common yarrow or chamomile oil effectively induced the resistance indicator enzymes in wheat and barley.","PeriodicalId":53537,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46982842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

In Vitro Assessment of N-Phenyl Imides in the Management of Meloidogyne Incognita N-苯基酰亚胺在根结线虫治理中的体外评价

Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica Pub Date : 2021-09-01 DOI: 10.2478/sab-2021-0007

O. Fabiyi, A. Claudius-Cole, G. Olatunji

{"title":"In Vitro Assessment of N-Phenyl Imides in the Management of Meloidogyne Incognita","authors":"O. Fabiyi, A. Claudius-Cole, G. Olatunji","doi":"10.2478/sab-2021-0007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/sab-2021-0007","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The infestation with root knot nematode Meloidogyne spp. is a key issue in agriculture. Conventional control methods are based on the use of synthetic nematicides, which comes with severe environmental problems. In this study, n-phenyl imide and n-phenyl phthalamic acid were synthesized and reacted independently with Enantia chlorantha crude extract–manganese chloride complex. The effects of the resulting organic compounds were appraised against the root knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid and White 1919) juveniles and eggs in two laboratory experiments. The most active compound was n-phenyl phthalamic acid (PN/TLMA) with 4% egg hatch over a 9-day observation after treatment as against distilled water which recorded 100% egg hatch at 9 days after treatment. n-Phenyl phthalamic acid showed 100% juvenile mortality at 10 days of observation compared to carbofuran dissolved in water (CBFN/water) and carbofuran dissolved in hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (CBFN/HPCD) while no outstanding (P < 0.05) difference was recorded between the effects of other organic compounds and carbofuran in both solvents. The different rates of treatment applications were not appreciably (P<0.05) dissimilar on percentage juvenile mortality and egg hatch. The nematicidal test results indicated that the synthesized imide compounds with manganese complex moiety are a promising basis for developing new nematicidal compounds with less environmental hazard.","PeriodicalId":53537,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49413206","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Response of Laying Hens to Aqueous Extracts of Petiveria alliacea Root and Leaf 蛋鸡对韭菜根和叶水提物的反应

Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.2478/sab-2021-0004

A. M. Oyeleke, O. Adeyemi, L. T. Egbeyale, R. Sobayo, R. Olaifa

{"title":"Response of Laying Hens to Aqueous Extracts of Petiveria alliacea Root and Leaf","authors":"A. M. Oyeleke, O. Adeyemi, L. T. Egbeyale, R. Sobayo, R. Olaifa","doi":"10.2478/sab-2021-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/sab-2021-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study investigated the response of laying hens to aqueous extracts of Petiveria alliacea root and leaf. A total of 288 eighteen-week-old Isa brown pullets were used for the 25-week study. The pullets were arranged in a 2 × 4 factorial experimental layout in a completely randomized design. The pullets were distributed into two groups administered root extract or leaf extract. Pullets in each group were allotted to four subgroups administered aqueous extracts of Petiveria alliacea at 15, 30 and 45 g l–1 concentration levels making eight treatments in total. Each treatment was replicated three times with twelve pullets per replicate. Eimeria oocyst counts and intestinal bacteria counts were lower (P < 0.0001 and P = 0.0028, respectively) in hens administered 15, 30 and 45 g l–1 of Petiveria alliacea extracts than the control. The highest (P < 0.0001) antibody titre against Newcastle disease vaccine was recorded in hens administered 30 and 45 g l–1 concentrations of root (9.06 and 9.10 log2, respectively) and leaf (9.08 and 9.18 log2, respectively) extracts. The liver sections of hens in all treatments appeared normal. In conclusion, aqueous extract of Petiveria alliacea root and leaf at 30 and 45 g l–1 concentrations performed best as antimicrobial and immune stimulating agent without impairing liver health.","PeriodicalId":53537,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45349105","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Lacticaseibacilli and Lactococci from Slovak Raw Goat Milk and their Potential 斯洛伐克生羊奶中的乳杆菌和乳球菌及其潜力

Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica Pub Date : 2021-06-01 DOI: 10.2478/sab-2021-0003

A. Lauková, M. Simonová, M. Tomáška, M. Kološta, M. Drončovský, E. Dvorožňáková

{"title":"Lacticaseibacilli and Lactococci from Slovak Raw Goat Milk and their Potential","authors":"A. Lauková, M. Simonová, M. Tomáška, M. Kološta, M. Drončovský, E. Dvorožňáková","doi":"10.2478/sab-2021-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/sab-2021-0003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Strains potential such as bacteriocin activity, biofilm formation ability, growth in skim milk, susceptibility to antibiotics, tolerance to bile and low pH as well as enzyme production was tested in the species Lacticaseibacillus paracasei and Lactococcus lactis detected in Slovak raw goat milk. The strains showed mostly low-grade biofilm formation ability, susceptibility to antibiotics and sufficient tolerance to oxgall/bile. Lacticaseibacillus (Lcb.) paracasei ZM-1, ZM-2 and Lactococcus (Lc.) lactis PD MO 1/8 showed high tolerance to pH 3 (67 %, 83 % and 63 %, respectively). The strains showed bacteriocin activity against the principal indicator Enterococcus avium EA5 (inhibition zone ranging 5–24 mm). A concentrated substance of Lcb. paracasei LPa ML 12/1 (pH 6.3) inhibited EA5 strain (inhibition activity 100 AU ml–1). Lcb. paracasei ZM-1 and ZM-2 also produced a high amount of β-galactosidase (40 nmol). Although the strains indicated their beneficial potential, additional testing is needed; some tests are in processing for further possible application of selected strains in dairy.","PeriodicalId":53537,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41506315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Early-Season Effects of Wildfire on Soil Nutrients and Weed Diversity in Two Plantations 季前野火对两种人工林土壤养分和杂草多样性的影响

Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica Pub Date : 2021-03-01 DOI: 10.2478/sab-2021-0001

S. Oyedeji, O. O. Agboola, T.S. Oriolowo, D. A. Animasaun, P. Fatoba, A. O. Isichei

{"title":"Early-Season Effects of Wildfire on Soil Nutrients and Weed Diversity in Two Plantations","authors":"S. Oyedeji, O. O. Agboola, T.S. Oriolowo, D. A. Animasaun, P. Fatoba, A. O. Isichei","doi":"10.2478/sab-2021-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/sab-2021-0001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This study assessed early-season effects of spontaneous wildfires on soil fertility and weed diversity in two managed plantations – cashew and teak – in Ilorin, Nigeria. Soil pH and nutrients in the topsoils and subsoils of burned and unburned plantations plots after a spontaneous wildfire were analysed. Species diversity and similarity were determined based on the composition and abundances of weed flora two months post-fire. The fire effects on soil nutrients and weed composition in the plantations were evaluated using the canonical correspondence analysis. Burns incidence significantly improved the organic carbon, organic matter, and Ca contents while reducing total N and Mg in both plantations. Twenty-eight weed species were distributed in 9 angiosperm families. Fire differently affected weed composition, abundance and diversity in the plantations. Burning improved soil organic carbon and organic matter contents and restricted Tephrosia bracteolata, Desmodium tortuosum, Daniellia oliveri, Senna obtusifolia and Zornia latifolia to the burned cashew plantation. The occurrence of Euphorbia heterophylla, Eriosema psoraleoides and Crotalaria retusa in the burned teak plantation was associated with a direct fire effect on soil Na and Ca contents. Burning influenced soil nutrients in the studied plantations, but weed diversity increased in the teak plantation and was reduced in the cashew plantation.","PeriodicalId":53537,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49109782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Lipid Globules and Fatty Acids in Milk of Lactating Raccoon (Nyctereutes procyonoides) 泌乳浣熊乳汁中的脂球和脂肪酸

Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica Pub Date : 2021-03-01 DOI: 10.2478/sab-2021-0002

O. Szeleszczuk, P. Kilar, D. Maj

引用次数: 0

Fungal Contamination in the Working Environ-Ment of Waste Sorting Facilities: A Review 垃圾分类设施工作环境中的真菌污染研究进展

Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/sab-2020-0013

K. Perná, Z. Wittlingerová, M. Zimová

{"title":"Fungal Contamination in the Working Environ-Ment of Waste Sorting Facilities: A Review","authors":"K. Perná, Z. Wittlingerová, M. Zimová","doi":"10.2478/sab-2020-0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/sab-2020-0013","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In recent years, many studies have pointed to a relationship between the working activity in waste sorting facilities and the occurrence of health problems (respiratory, gastrointestinal, musculoskeletal, skin and eye irritations). Employees in these facilities are simultaneously exposed to many biological, chemical and physical factors. Due to the repeated detection of high concentrations of airborne fungi (reaching up to 1.8 x 106 CFU m–3) in the working environment involving potentially allergenic, infectious and toxigenic fungal species, it can be assumed that fungi may play an important role in the development of health problems. In terms of minimizing health risks, it is necessary to take several preventive and protective measures to reduce contamination of the working environment by biological agents. The basic recommendation is the consistent use of protective equipment as well as the observance of personal hygiene by the employees. Other necessary measures are the frequent air exchange inside the facility, educating the employees about health risks associated with waste sorting and establishment of regular medical check-ups.","PeriodicalId":53537,"journal":{"name":"Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42967634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Costs and Benefits of Green Tramway Tracks 绿色电车轨道的成本和效益

Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica Pub Date : 2020-12-01 DOI: 10.2478/sab-2020-0012

E. Jakubcová, E. Horváthová

引用次数: 1

Integration of Spectral Measurement and UAV for Paddy Leaves Chlorophyll Content Estimation 光谱测量与无人机集成用于水稻叶片叶绿素含量估算

Scientia Agriculturae Bohemica Pub Date : 2020-09-01 DOI: 10.2478/sab-2020-0011

M. F. Ghazali, K. Wikantika, I. Aryantha, R. Maulani, L. F. Yayusman, D. Sumantri

引用次数: 4