Ural-Altaic Studies最新文献_第2页

Условное деепричастие в лесном диалекте энецкого языка: корпусное исследование системы употреблений Enec森林方言中的条件剥夺：语料库使用系统研究

Ural-Altaic Studies Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.37892/2500-2902-2022-45-2-106-122

M. Ovsyannikova

{"title":"Условное деепричастие в лесном диалекте энецкого языка: корпусное исследование системы употреблений","authors":"M. Ovsyannikova","doi":"10.37892/2500-2902-2022-45-2-106-122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37892/2500-2902-2022-45-2-106-122","url":null,"abstract":"This corpus-based study examines the functions of the conditional converb in Forest Enets and investigates the differences in its use between two generations of Enets speakers. In line with the previous descriptions, independent clauses with conditional converbs are used as self-addressed questions (yes/no, special, and alternative questions). The conditional converb of the verb ɛ ‘be’ when used with numerals is developing into a marker of approximation. Dependent clauses with conditional converbs include protases of conditional and concessive conditional constructions as well as complement clauses. This study discusses the diachronic relation between independent clauses with conditional converbs and the protasis of conditional constructions and concludes that either of the two directions of development is possible. Complement clauses with conditional converbs include, first, irrealis complements to negative propositional attitude predicates (dʲɔxara ‘not know’, dʲurta ‘forget’), which, showing signs of relatively recent grammaticalization, have hitherto received scant attention by scholars, and, second, sentential subjects in modal constructions with such predicates as sɔjza ‘good’, bɔɔ ‘bad’ etc. To compare the use of the Enets conditional converb across types of clauses and generations of speakers, this paper analyses the occurrence of the future tense marker on the converb, the order of clauses in multi-clause constructions, the range of verbs in the main and in the dependent clauses. Many of these parameters can be interpreted as the signs of the growing level of clause integration in the process of grammaticalization of polypredicative constructions.","PeriodicalId":53462,"journal":{"name":"Ural-Altaic Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70125559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Отражение особенностей говоров жителей Семиреченской области в «Сказке о Кара-Мергене» 在《卡拉-默根童话》中，塞米雷琴地区居民谈话的特点反映了。

Ural-Altaic Studies Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.37892/2500-2902-2022-46-3-21-29

A. Gadzhieva

{"title":"Отражение особенностей говоров жителей Семиреченской области в «Сказке о Кара-Мергене»","authors":"A. Gadzhieva","doi":"10.37892/2500-2902-2022-46-3-21-29","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37892/2500-2902-2022-46-3-21-29","url":null,"abstract":"The article describes vowel and consonant features of “The Tale of Kara-Mergen” (Kazan, 1901) from N. N. Pantusov’s collection which was recorded in Semirechye. The author considers in detail the monument`s writing system and analyzes the phonological and morphological features of the text’s language in comparison with the data of previously studied Cyrillic books in the Kazakh language [Wisdom of Jesus the Son of Sirach 1891; Primer for Kyrgyz people 1892; School of Piety 1892; The Baptism of Russia 1892], which were published within the framework of the Kyrgyz mission at the end of 19th and the beginning of the 20th century. The analysis showed that the vocalism presented in “Kara-Mergen” does not differ significantly from the vocalism of the compared first Cyrillic books in Kazakh. A review of examples illustrating the tendencies of labial vowel harmony showed that the labialization of narrow vowels of the second, third and fourth syllables is fixed in writing in all cases. As a result of the study, it was concluded that the system of vowel harmony in “Kara-Mergen” differs from the literary Kazakh language and from the first books studied earlier. This confirms the fact that scientists have not previously studied the first books in the Semirechensk dialect. An analysis of the accusative affix, the archaic version of which (-ny) sporadically preserved in “Kara-Mergen” and in Western [Wisdom 1891] and Northern [Primer 1892] dialect books, shows that its change, apparently, was not yet completed at the end of the 19th century.","PeriodicalId":53462,"journal":{"name":"Ural-Altaic Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70126325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Фрагмент лексической системы казымского диалекта хантыйского языка: глаголы pitti ‘упасть, попасть’ и χɔjti ‘задеть, попасть’ и их аргументная структура 亨特方言卡齐姆词汇系统的一部分:pitti的动词“下降，下降”和jti的“冲击，击中”以及他们的论点结构

Ural-Altaic Studies Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.37892/2500-2902-2022-45-2-123-140

Daria Ryzhova

{"title":"Фрагмент лексической системы казымского диалекта хантыйского языка: глаголы pitti ‘упасть, попасть’ и χɔjti ‘задеть, попасть’ и их аргументная структура","authors":"Daria Ryzhova","doi":"10.37892/2500-2902-2022-45-2-123-140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37892/2500-2902-2022-45-2-123-140","url":null,"abstract":"The study describes the semantics of the Kazym Khanty verbs pitti ‘to fall; to get into somewhere’ and χɔjti ‘to touch; to hit the target’ as analyzed from the perspective of the frame-based approach to lexical typology. According to this approach, semantic fields consist of certain situation types, or frames, which are denoted by the lexemes belonging to the field. The situation types correspond to distributional patterns and serve as a basis for cross-linguistic comparison of word meanings. The paper identifies and illustrates the sets of physical meanings of the verbs in question, with a special focus on the domain of variation between pitti and χɔjti. It is shown that these verbs concur in contexts involving the semantics of either getting (occasionally) into somewhere (cf. A fly got into my soup) or hitting the target (cf. The arrow hit him in the arm). Evidence from Kazym Khanty, as well as from available cross-linguistic data, suggests that these meanings are adjacent to each other, while the meaning ‘to get into somewhere’ is closer to the domain of falling, and the meaning ‘to hit the target’ is closer to the domain of physical contact. Thus, the meanings ‘to fall’, ‘to get into somewhere’, ‘to hit the target’, and ‘to touch’ form a semantic continuum with no clear-cut boundaries between the semantic fields. This hypothesis is further supported by morphosyntactic variation in encoding of the patientive argument of the verb χɔjti, which seems to be influenced by the morphological pattern inherent to the verb pitti.","PeriodicalId":53462,"journal":{"name":"Ural-Altaic Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70125570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Phonetic and lexical innovations in Ob-Ugric dialects in the 18th—21st centuries: new archival and field data 18 - 21世纪鄂布-乌戈尔方言的语音和词汇创新:新的档案和实地资料

Ural-Altaic Studies Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.37892/2500-2902-2022-46-3-63-74

Y. Normanskaya, Idalia Fedotova

{"title":"Phonetic and lexical innovations in Ob-Ugric dialects in the 18th—21st centuries: new archival and field data","authors":"Y. Normanskaya, Idalia Fedotova","doi":"10.37892/2500-2902-2022-46-3-63-74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37892/2500-2902-2022-46-3-63-74","url":null,"abstract":"This paper offers a comprehensive analysis of proximity between the dialects within Khanty and Mansi languages, which form the Ob-Ugric group within the Uralic languages. Even though they are thought to be closely related, research has shown the discrepancy between the phonological and lexicostatistical distance between Khanty varieties vs. Mansi varieties. In the article, innovations in phonology, morphology and basic vocabulary are brought together and compared. New data from archives (18th century) and latest fieldwork shed the light on chronology of phonetic, morphological and lexical changes. Using comparative method, it is shown that in the late 18th century Mansi dialects were still not very distant from each other. Moreover, phonetic differences which hindered mutual understanding between speakers of eastern and northern dialects in the 20th century became distinctive not earlier than 250 years ago. On the contrary, Khanty dialects were as distant as separate languages back in the late 18th century. Judging by glottochronological calculations, the time of divergence of contemporary Kazym and Vakh Khanty can be dated back as early as the beginning of the first millennium AD. These Khanty varieties have more differences than any Slavic and even Turkic (except Chuvash) languages between each other. Therefore, they should be counted as different languages, not dialects. Overall, from the extensive analysis of phonetics, morphology and basic vocabulary, it is proved that Mansi varieties were still dialects (until all but one became extinct) and Khanty varieties were separate languages when they were first recorded in the late 1700s.","PeriodicalId":53462,"journal":{"name":"Ural-Altaic Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70126231","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Севернохантыйский как язык с чертами аккузативного и иерархического кодирования 北韩语是一种具有公理和等级编码特征的语言。

Ural-Altaic Studies Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.37892/2500-2902-2022-46-3-43-62

Nikita Muravyev

引用次数: 0

«Букварь для вотяцких детей Сарапульского уезда»: графико-орфографические и фонетические особенности “萨拉普利亚县沃蒂亚克儿童图书”：图形、拼写和语音特征

Ural-Altaic Studies Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.37892/2500-2902-2022-45-2-7-33

Maria Bezenova

{"title":"«Букварь для вотяцких детей Сарапульского уезда»: графико-орфографические и фонетические особенности","authors":"Maria Bezenova","doi":"10.37892/2500-2902-2022-45-2-7-33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37892/2500-2902-2022-45-2-7-33","url":null,"abstract":"The article describes the vowel and consonant features of the “Primer book for Votyak children of the Sarapul districtˮ (1913). It is practically impossible to consider the phonetic isoglosses of this written record without taking into account its graphic and spelling system; therefore, the article also pays special attention to the graphics and orthography of the source material. The phonetic features are described by comparing the vowel and consonant system of the primer with the vowel and consonant system of the modern Udmurt literary language, adding, whenever available, correspondences from the dialect dictionary by Y. Wichmann [Wichmann 1987], the materials for which were collected at the end of the 19th century. Furthermore, corresponding modern forms from the audio dictionaries based on 2013 field data are also indicated. Such a comparison makes it possible to try to determine the archaic or innovative nature of each identified feature. The analysis shows that most of the phonetic features of the primer, both innovative and archaic, are characteristic of modern dialects of the Southern dialect zone. It follows that this record was most likely written in one of the dialects located on the border of the Middle and Central-Southern dialects of the Udmurt language, i. e. its present-day counterpart would be the dialect of the northern part of the Malopurginsky district of the Udmurt Republic. However, it turns out to be difficult to locate it more precisely at the moment as, unfortunately, this area is described by dialectologists rather poorly today.","PeriodicalId":53462,"journal":{"name":"Ural-Altaic Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70126157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Компаративно-аттенуативная полисемия в финно-угорских языках 芬兰-乌戈尔语的比较属性多项式

Ural-Altaic Studies Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.37892/2500-2902-2022-46-3-75-95

Maria Cheremisinova

{"title":"Компаративно-аттенуативная полисемия в финно-угорских языках","authors":"Maria Cheremisinova","doi":"10.37892/2500-2902-2022-46-3-75-95","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37892/2500-2902-2022-46-3-75-95","url":null,"abstract":"The topic of this paper is comparative and attenuative polysemy in Finno-Ugric languages. In some Finno-Ugric languages comparative markers have attenuative meaning (‘a little bit, slightly’) as well. This paper focuses on three markers exhibiting such a polysemy: -ges in Beserman (Permic), -šək in Kazym Khanty (Ugric) and -rak in Hill Mari (Mari). These markers can be used in comparative constructions, have attenuative function and can be attached to the markers of negation. The markers can be used crosscategorically, therefore I also describe compatibility of the markers in different functions. In comparative constructions, all of the markers can be attached to adjectives and adverbs, while in Beserman it is also possible for the marker -ges to be combined with verbs, nouns and pronouns. However, in Kazym Khanty the marker -šək has attenuative meaning even in comparative constructions. In attenuative function, the markers in all three languages can attach to adjectives, adverbs, postpositions (or relational nouns), while in Beserman and Hill Mari verbs can be modified by the markers as well. Finally, comparative-attenuative markers in all of the languages can be attached to the markers of negation. In this function, the most common context allowing the use of the marker is the context meaning ‘not yet’: it appears in all of the described languages. In Kazym Khanty the marker -šək can also express the meaning of emphatic negation (‘no way’) when making a reference to future or present.","PeriodicalId":53462,"journal":{"name":"Ural-Altaic Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70126312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Енисейские рунические надписи Яр-хото (Из находок первой археологической экспедиции Академии наук в Восточный Туркестан) Yar Hoto的叶尼塞符文铭文（来自科学院第一次东突厥斯坦考古考察的发现）

Ural-Altaic Studies Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.37892/2500-2902-2021-43-4-69-83

Igor L. Kyzlasov

{"title":"Енисейские рунические надписи Яр-хото (Из находок первой археологической экспедиции Академии наук в Восточный Туркестан)","authors":"Igor L. Kyzlasov","doi":"10.37892/2500-2902-2021-43-4-69-83","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37892/2500-2902-2021-43-4-69-83","url":null,"abstract":"In 1898, Dmitry A. Klements examined a small cave monastery in the Turfan oasis near the ancient city of Yar-Khoto. On the walls of two residential caves (nos. 3 and 6), 13 graffiti in the so-called Yenisei runic script were discovered and copied. Upon Klements' returning to St. Petersburg, the inscriptions were immediately studied and identified by Academician Wilhelm Radloff (in Russian — Vasily V. Radlov), who published four prints of the inscriptions, their reading and translation. Later, using archival cop-ies, all graffiti were examined and read by Marcel Erdal. Turkologists, including Sergei G. Klyashtornyi, considered them to be marks of passing travelers. New insights and readings offered in this article link these inscriptions with the numerous Manichean prayer inscriptions made in the Yenisei runes known in the Sayan-Altai highlands. Based on the accumulation of such inscriptions in Southern Siberia, the places where Manichean monasteries existed in the early Middle Ages have been identified. Therefore, graffiti near Yar-Khoto were also left by monks who came from the Ancient Khakass state, and this was done in the 9th–10th cen-turies. The cave monastery surveyed in 1898 was Manichean, as indicated by the form of its central temple (cave 4) described in written sources, which had five sacred chambers, mandatory for such places of worship. Further study of the inscriptions should proceed from their religious purpose and their belonging to the northern, Siberian-Turkic version of Manicheism.","PeriodicalId":53462,"journal":{"name":"Ural-Altaic Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45850786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Монгольские элементы в этнонимике и этнотопонимах долины Зеравшана (XV—XIX вв.) 泽拉夫山山谷民族志和民族志中的蒙古元素（15-19世纪）

Ural-Altaic Studies Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.37892/2500-2902-2021-43-4-84-105

Azim Malikov

{"title":"Монгольские элементы в этнонимике и этнотопонимах долины Зеравшана (XV—XIX вв.)","authors":"Azim Malikov","doi":"10.37892/2500-2902-2021-43-4-84-105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37892/2500-2902-2021-43-4-84-105","url":null,"abstract":"This article, based on written sources and archival materials, analyzes the role of Mongolian components in the formation of tribal names and ethnotoponyms of the Zerafshan Valley from the 15th to the 19th centuries. The research revealed the dynamics of penetration and distribution of Mongolian ethnonyms at different levels of the tribal organization of Turkic-speaking tribes of the region. Numerous migrations of Turkic-Mongolian clans to the Zerafshan valley covered a long period, starting from the campaigns of Genghis Khan until the middle of the 18th century. In the region, at different times, the perception of the boundaries of the Mon-gol community changed. If in the 13th — early 14th centuries under the name Mongol an ethnopolitical community was understood, as well as the inhabitants of the Mogholistan region, then later it designated the tribe and clan as part of individual tribes. If in the first waves of migration of Mongolian tribes to the oases of Central Asia their composition could include the main Mongolian clans, then in the following centuries their Turkification took place in the steppe regions and already Turkified tribes or alliances of tribes containing Turkic clans invaded and settled into the valleys. As a result of the migrations of the nomadic population groups from the steppe regions to the Zerafshan valley, the tribal com-position of the population became enriched and the number of Mongolian names, which were perceived by the local population as Turkic, Uzbek, Kazakh and Karakalpak ethnonyms, increased. Many Mongolian elements were included in the toponymy not by the Mongols themselves, but by Turkic or Turkified tribes. The total number of Mongolian elements in the ethnotoponymy of the Zerafshan Valley rose due to the settlement of semi-nomadic clans in the 18th — early 19th centuries. They became more wide-spread in the Samarkand and Navoi provinces and less common in the Bukhara oasis.","PeriodicalId":53462,"journal":{"name":"Ural-Altaic Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49143652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Именное сочинение и комитативные конструкции в северных диалектах мансийского языка 曼西斯克北方方言的命名作品和委员会结构

Ural-Altaic Studies Pub Date : 2021-12-01 DOI: 10.37892/2500-2902-2021-43-4-124-148

Irina A. Khomchenkova, D. Zhornik

{"title":"Именное сочинение и комитативные конструкции в северных диалектах мансийского языка","authors":"Irina A. Khomchenkova, D. Zhornik","doi":"10.37892/2500-2902-2021-43-4-124-148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37892/2500-2902-2021-43-4-124-148","url":null,"abstract":"The paper describes coordinating and comitative constructions in Northern Mansi. It examines the following coordinating markers: the additive item os ‘ADD’, the lexeme tuwəl ‘then’, and the marker -ɣ ‘DU’ as well as the comitative postposition jot ‘COM’ and the instrumental marker -(ə)l, -təl. It shows that the items os and tuwəl do not impose restrictions on the number and part-of-speech attribution of conjuncts and can coordinate nouns with modifiers. In some idiolects, the basic NP coordinating strategy is to use tuwəl, while os is more restricted and primarily used as an additive particle. The double dual marker can only coordinate two NPs without modifiers. Its main function is to coordinate symmetrical pairs denoting objects that often occur together (e.g., mother and father, daughter and son). The postposition jot is used in the genuine comitative construction as well as in the actant, coordinat-ing, and inclusory constructions. In some idiolects, it is also used in copredicative constructions. The distribution of the instrumental case marker in the comitative function is very limited: it is only used in coordinating and inclusory constructions. In this case, it can be preceded by the dual possessive marker, which refers to both NPs. Furthermore, unlike the postposition jot, the instrumental case marker cannot be attached to pronouns. In coordinating comitative constructions, these markers can coordinate less symmetrical pairs denoting objects that often occur together (for example, mother and daughter).","PeriodicalId":53462,"journal":{"name":"Ural-Altaic Studies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46987587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0