Biznes Inform最新文献

{"title":"Specifics of Economic Relations in the Thermal Power Industry of Ukraine","authors":"Mykola O. Kyzym, Viktoriia Ye. Khaustova, Yevhen I. Kotliarov","doi":"10.32983/2222-4459-2023-8-157-170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2023-8-157-170","url":null,"abstract":"The main directions of Ukraine’s development in the medium term are the recovery and development of the country after the russian armed aggression, as well as the reform of the mechanisms for managing and regulating the economy in general and the thermal power industry in particular in accordance with the criteria set for accession to the EU. The aim of the study is to identify and generalize the specific features of economic relations in the thermal power industry of Ukraine. The article proposes a classification of factors that can be used to characterize the heat supply system of a particular settlement; the Ukrainian legislation regulating relations in the field of heat supply is studied; the prerequisites for reforming the heat supply sector in the direction of creating regional thermal energy markets are determined. The features of the organization of heat supply in the regions and settlements of Ukraine by types of energy carriers and the structure of thermal energy production are studied (steam or hot-water boilers, combined heat and power district heating, thermal power plants, nuclear power plants). The structure of thermal energy production in some large cities of Ukraine is analyzed. It is determined that an important feature of activity in the field of thermal supply is the centralization of capacities. An analysis of thermal supply systems in large cities of Ukraine has been carried out and it has been proved that the simultaneous use of both large generating capacities and small autonomous boiler houses is typical. Based on the study of existing projects of new buildings from the Database of Energy Certificates of the State Agency on Energy Efficiency and Energy Saving of Ukraine, it is proved that in recent years, in the design and construction of new residential buildings, there has been a tendency to abandon district heating. The features and priority of the use of various heating schemes in residential new buildings of the country are determined. The ownership structure of economic entities in the sphere of district heating of communal energy in Ukraine is analyzed. The number of unprofitable and profitable enterprises of thermal power engineering is studied in the context of forms of ownership. The features of economic relations in the thermal power industry of Ukraine are generalized, which generally characterize the specifics of the organization and functioning of this sphere and constitute the basis for its further reform and post-war development","PeriodicalId":53291,"journal":{"name":"Biznes Inform","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135908020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Improvement of the National System of Lifelong Learning","authors":"Inna P. Chaika, Oleksandr V. Khursa","doi":"10.32983/2222-4459-2023-9-123-129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2023-9-123-129","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the article is to update the current state of the national lifelong education system and to formulate proposals for its improvement through the wide involvement of higher education institutions (HEIs) in this process. On the basis of the analysis, systematization and generalization of official documents that in recent years regulate the sphere of lifelong education in Ukraine, also the plans on the part of the national state-based structures for the further development of the direction of «Adult Education», the main problem areas, the current state and vectors of development of this sphere are identified. As a result of the study, it is proposed to develop the system of adult education in Ukraine, including through the creation of creative hubs in higher education institutions, accessible to different categories of the adult population (by age, level of previous education, skills). University hubs as centers of creative entrepreneurship should be built on the interaction of human creativity, ideas, knowledge, technologies, protection of intellectual property; they should gradually alter the economic life and social climate of local communities for the better through joint intellectual, emotional, and material practices. At that, university creative hubs as centers of cooperation between institutions and individuals will contribute to the formation of practices of openness, trust, and the development of professional associations of local communities. The prospect for the development of creative hubs of HEIs is the impact on other spheres of public life, such as employment policy, social, humanitarian policy, Euro-Atlantic integration (through advanced training and retraining of the population, promoting its employment, better informing communities, opening new opportunities for representatives of business, public organizations, etc., international cooperation, and so on). Therefore, further research in this direction should be the development of practical recommendations for the formation of a platform for horizontal economic and social interactions of the university creative hub with the local community.","PeriodicalId":53291,"journal":{"name":"Biznes Inform","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135559276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Generalization of Scientific Approaches Regarding the Essence of the Concept of «Fixed Assets» as an Object of Accounting","authors":"Lesja M. Vasilieva, Tetjana О. Buhai","doi":"10.32983/2222-4459-2023-9-186-191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2023-9-186-191","url":null,"abstract":"The article emphasizes that the activity of each enterprise presupposes the availability of means of production and appropriate material conditions, which are one of the most important elements of productive forces, as well as the main element of the material and technical base. It is noted that the key elements of management of fixed assets are organization, timely receipt and analysis of accounting and analytical information. The carried out analysis of scientific literature, normative legal acts along with generalization of scientific approaches to the essence of the concept of «fixed assets» made it possible to allocate the main features of fixed assets, namely: fixed assets are tangible (physical) assets that the enterprise uses to carry out its main activities and achieve its goals, they can be of different types; all sources indicate that fixed assets must be used for a long time (namely, more than one year or one operating cycle). In accounting, fixed assets are accounted for as assets and depreciate over their useful lives. It is found that the criteria for determining fixed assets exist in order to determine which assets can be included in this category in the accounting of an enterprise. The criteria for determining fixed assets are provided, namely: materiality – the asset must have a physical form and exist in the real world; means of labor – a fixed asset is an object that is used in the production process or for the provision of services; long-term use is expected – the fixed asset is planned to be used for more than one year. It is emphasized that such an approach to the criteria for determining fixed assets allows for correct accounting, evaluation of fixed assets of enterprise and reflection in the financial statements in accordance with the relevant accounting standards and norms.","PeriodicalId":53291,"journal":{"name":"Biznes Inform","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135559623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing the Debt Sustainability of Territorial Communities in Ukraine","authors":"Ihor I. Koblyk","doi":"10.32983/2222-4459-2023-9-221-226","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2023-9-221-226","url":null,"abstract":"The article examines the essence of debt sustainability of territorial communities. The main factors of influence on ensuring the debt sustainability of territorial communities are considered, among which are: financial support for the functioning of local self-government bodies; infrastructure development; social protection of the community’s population; confidence on the part of investors. The conditions that ensure the debt sustainability of the local budget are defined as follows: rational financial planning; effective cost management; rational management of debt obligations; stability of income; control of risks; economic stability of the community; ability to pay debts. The features that characterize the debt sustainability of territorial communities are considered as follows: the ability to pay interest and the principal amount of debt; stability and balance of the budget; sustainability of income; capability to take into account the risks associated with debt obligations; creation of sufficient reserves; maintaining a low level of debt burden; ensuring and maintaining a favorable credit rating; effective financial management and debt control. An algorithm for diagnosing the current debt sustainability of a territorial community has been developed, which includes the following stages: collection and analysis of indicators of the financial condition of a territorial community; analysis of the debt structure of the territorial community; calculation of debt sustainability indicators; comparison of the actually calculated values of debt indicators with the values of these indicators for previous periods; development of recommendations for the implementation of the policy, taking into account the analyzed indicators of debt sustainability. The calculation of indicators for assessing the current debt sustainability of territorial communities is carried out. Based on their analysis, a number of measures for the effective implementation of debt policy and debt management of territorial communities are proposed.","PeriodicalId":53291,"journal":{"name":"Biznes Inform","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135559800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analyzing the World Experience of Building Indices for Assessing the Development of Startups and the Supporting Infrastructure","authors":"Mykyta M. Khaustov","doi":"10.32983/2222-4459-2023-8-93-106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2023-8-93-106","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study is to generalize the global experience of building indices for assessing the development of startups and the supporting infrastructure. It is determined that the world experience in building indices for assessing the development of startups and the supporting infrastructure is quite diverse. The article analyzes most famous indices, among which: Global Startup Ecosystem Index, Most startup friendly countries in the world, Global Startup Ecosystem Report, Startup Index of Nations, Cities, Startup Ranking. The structure of their construction, the peculiarities of collecting and processing information for computing, and the list of countries (cities, regions) under study are considered. The countries leading in the rankings and Ukraine’s place in them are identified. Based on the summarized information on the indicators used in the rankings that characterize the conditions for the development of startups, it is concluded that there is no single approach to defining such indicators. This leads to ambiguity in assessments of the preconditions for the emergence and promotion of startups. Thus, composite indicators allow to establish ratings of countries, but based on the heterogeneity of methodologies for compiling indices and the choice of indicators that form them, they provide contradictory results and make it impossible to analyze trends and growth points in the development of startup ecosystems, and differentiate the quality of startup development. This does not allow us to unambiguously identify strategic drivers of success for the development of startups in highly developed countries and countries that are catching up in their development. Identification of these drivers justifies the directions for further research in this area.","PeriodicalId":53291,"journal":{"name":"Biznes Inform","volume":"2016 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135908250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Problems and Prospects for the Development of Inclusive Tourism as a Component of Socioeconomic Development of Ukraine","authors":"Oksana Yu. Davydova, Oleksandra Yu. Mykhalchenko","doi":"10.32983/2222-4459-2023-8-179-184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2023-8-179-184","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the article is to study the current trends and initiatives of inclusive tourism in Ukraine, as well as to identify the challenges and opportunities associated with its development. The article examines the internal tourist flows in Ukraine. It has been proved that the vast majority of people with disabilities cannot afford a comfortable barrier-free travel. The physical and societal barriers faced by people with disabilities traveling in Ukraine are studied. The fundamental factors by which inclusive tourism can contribute to sustainable development in Ukraine are identified. The priority directions for the development of inclusive tourism as a great potential for providing significant economic and social benefits have been identified. By promoting the practices of accessible tourism, Ukraine will be able to demonstrate its commitment to sustainable tourism development on the world stage of the hospitality sector and to prove the ability to position itself as an entity committed to the well-being of all interested population groups. The priority problems and advantages of the development of inclusive tourism in Ukraine are identified. The accessibility rating has been studied, which highlighted the major mobility problems faced by residents of large cities of Ukraine. The distribution of domestic tourists served by travel agents is studied both by the purpose of the trip and by regions. It is proved that the political and economic instability that has affected the Ukraine in recent years has supplied additional challenges for the development of inclusive tourism in the country. The features of tourism development in Ukraine are defined, in particular the directions of promoting the development of inclusive tourism, which will allow to develop a more inclusive and sustainable tourism industry, as well as position itself as a responsible and responsive direction. It is proved that the implementation of inclusive tourism practices is crucial for the growth and development of the Ukrainian tourism industry. These practices should be integrated into a comprehensive tourism management strategy that takes into account the needs and interests of all stakeholders. Prospect for further research in this direction is to determine the economic effect of the development of inclusive tourism in Ukraine, further development of the hospitality industry.","PeriodicalId":53291,"journal":{"name":"Biznes Inform","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135909503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global and Ukrainian High-Tech Markets: Features of Development, Marketing Strategies and Trends in the Context of Rapid Transformation","authors":"Kateryna Yu. Korsunova","doi":"10.32983/2222-4459-2023-8-106-113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2023-8-106-113","url":null,"abstract":"In a world where technological advancements shape not only markets but also societies, understanding the nuances of the high-tech industry is crucial for any stakeholder. Whether it’s global giants or emerging ecosystems like Ukraine, the common features are innovation, competition, and the relentless pace of change. Both operate in an environment characterized by stiff competition, rapid innovation, and a complex regulatory landscape. However, their individual growth and marketing strategies differ under the influence of local trends, existing skills, and government policies. McKinsey’s Technology Trends Forecast up to 2023 is a reminder of the acute talent shortage affecting the sector around the world. This adds another layer of complexity, making human capital as valuable as technological innovation. Clearly, both in Ukraine and elsewhere, the ability to attract, retain and develop talent is becoming a crucial factor for success in this sector. The marketing strategies employed in this sector are as complex as the technologies they aim to promote. From the need for thought leadership and content marketing to the benefits of partnerships, each approach has its own set of opportunities and challenges. Companies must constantly update their methods to adapt to new technological trends, as well as take into account the different regulatory and cultural landscapes in which they operate. The high-tech industry will continue to remain a key player in shaping the future economically, socially, and ethically. Policymakers and industry stakeholders must work in tandem to navigate this complex web of opportunities and challenges, keeping local needs and global shifts in mind. The only constant in the high-tech industry is changes, and success belongs to those who know how to adapt, innovate, and grow.","PeriodicalId":53291,"journal":{"name":"Biznes Inform","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135909599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Staff in the Implementation of the Conception of «Lean Production» at a Transport Enterprise","authors":"Olha I. Petrenko","doi":"10.32983/2222-4459-2023-8-288-294","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2023-8-288-294","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the article is to study the features of the role of staff in the transport enterprise on the basis of «lean production» as a component of the success of implementation. The article uses general scientific methods: analysis and synthesis, deduction, grouping, structural and system analysis. The main attention is paid to the role of staff in the successful implementation of the conception of «lean production». In today’s world, in the face of resource scarcity and global economic instability, business strives to minimize costs as much as possible. This leads to the introduction of advanced technologies that allow to effectively solve business tasks and quickly respond to changes in the market environment. However, the growing role of the human factor also requires competent, motivated, dedicated employees with great adaptive potential. To function successfully, companies need not only to reduce production costs, but also to increase the efficiency of staff. The new requirements encourage the study of the management experience of the world’s leading countries and the possibilities of its implementation, taking into account the national mentality, the realities of Ukrainian business and the political situation. The role of staff within the framework of the system of «lean production», which is implemented in order to achieve a balance between reducing costs and maintaining high quality of products, where human resources are one of the main sources of improving the efficiency of transport enterprise, has been studied. It is analyzed that the main components of the success of the implementation of the concept of «lean production» are as follows: top management, training and education, employees, work culture, and motivation of staff. The staff motivation system should be simple and understandable to everyone, further is should be transparent and public. An efficient system of remuneration (compensations and bonuses) plays a significant role in staff management, namely, in attracting, motivating and retaining highly qualified employees. It is noted that the role of staff in the introduction and implementation of the concept of «lean production» is a key factor of success, especially for transport enterprises.","PeriodicalId":53291,"journal":{"name":"Biznes Inform","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135911390","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Directions for Streamlining the Public Policy of Improving the Quality of Medical Care for the Population in Ukraine","authors":"Taras G. Vasyltsiv, Iryna M. Biletska, Tetiana O. Rudkovska","doi":"10.32983/2222-4459-2023-8-275-280","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2023-8-275-280","url":null,"abstract":"The article emphasizes the urgency of forming and implementing a public policy of improving the quality of providing medical services to the population. The purpose of the study is the scientific substantiation of the methodological and applied principles of the streamlining of the public policy of improving the quality of medical care of the population in Ukraine. It is shown that carrying out the medical reform in Ukraine actualizes the problem of improving the quality of medical care for the population, especially at the local level; for territorial communities, this means, first of all, the formation of an integral system of medical care, which will cover its primary and secondary links and will allow to simplify the access of residents of the territory of the community to quality medicine. The development strategies of the regions of the Ukrainian Carpathians were analyzed, and on this basis it was proved that in Ukraine, at the regional and local levels, quite significant attention within the framework of public policy is paid to medicine in general and, in particular, to the improvement of the quality of medical care of the local population. The modern processes of transformation of the domestic system of providing medical services to the population are characterized, namely trends that reflect the fact that the health care system began to noticeably lose its stability during the spread of the COVID-19 pandemic, and with the unfolding of the full-scale Russian war on Ukraine, it experienced colossal shocks due to the transfer of part of medical workers to serve the needs of the army, migratory losses of personnel, increased burden on the industry due to a large number of injured civilians and military personnel, as well as a new wave of forced migrants. The directions of the public policy of improving the quality of medical care for the population in Ukraine were defined and substantiated, namely, the initialization of the infrastructural part of the health care reform; creation of a single coordination center based on the center of emergency medical care and disaster medicine; development of regulations regarding vulnerable population groups, including IDPs, in the context of obtaining the necessary medical and rehabilitation assistance; activation of work with international funds; ensuring rotation of medical and social workers at meeting points for IDPs.","PeriodicalId":53291,"journal":{"name":"Biznes Inform","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135911575","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Differences in Perceptions of Consumers of Educational Services about the Image of Universities","authors":"Valentyna M. Marchenko, Alla V. Hrechko, Oksana P. Kavtysh, Iryna V. Makaliuk, Valerii L. Osetskiy, Vitaliy V. Shutyuk","doi":"10.32983/2222-4459-2023-8-149-156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2023-8-149-156","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study is to quantify the level of divergence (similarity) of perceptions of potential consumers of educational services regarding the image of universities in order to strengthen their competitive position in the market of educational services. Within the terms of this purpose, the authors were given the following tasks: to assess the level of differences in the perception of the image of the university by consumers of educational services; to identify the sources of formation of their ideas about the quality of educational services. The article solves the problem of forming a positive image of universities in Ukraine in the context of determining its components, which, according to the results of a survey of students, had the most significant impact on the choice of a higher education institution (HEI), as well as determining the level of divergence of the criteria for its choice by consumers of educational services. An assessment of the image of higher educational institutions in the city of Kyiv is carried out according to the totality of external and internal local components, making it possible to identify the main priorities for choosing a future consumer of educational services. It is determined that the main components of the image when students make a decision to enter one or another from the studied higher education institution are: scientific cooperation with foreign higher education institutions; international partnerships; the scale of educational activities; infrastructure of the university. Based on the results of the study, matrices of perception of the image of universities have been developed and distances between them have been determined, which allow to identify the level of divergence of perceptions of consumers of educational services about the image of universities. Distinctive features of the obtained results are that they allow to determine how the perceptions of consumers of educational services change in the process of obtaining them in the studied universities, also to allocate those components of the image that should be given the greatest attention by HEIs in the process of forming a further strategy for attracting and retaining consumers of basic services. The sphere of practical use of the obtained results is the system of public administration bodies in the field of higher education, management bodies of higher education institutions.","PeriodicalId":53291,"journal":{"name":"Biznes Inform","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135908255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}