Annals of Indian Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Intensity and density of stressful life events in first suicide attempters with psychiatric morbidity and comorbidity: A case–control study","authors":"Ranganath R. Kulkarni, K. Rao, Shamshad Begum","doi":"10.4103/aip.aip_134_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aip.aip_134_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Stressful life events (LEs) have been pivotal to suicidal behavior in vulnerable individuals, although its quantum and clustering have remained unclear. This study aimed to estimate and compare the quantum and clustering of LEs across three time periods, three suicide intentionality–lethality categories, and three diagnostic groups in survivors of first suicide attempt (SoFSA). Materials and Methods: One hundred SoFSA were compared to 100 age- and sex-matched controls for LEs across psychiatric and/or personality comorbidity. Presumptive Stressful LE Scale, Risk-Rescue Rating Scale, Hamilton Depression- and Anxiety-Rating Scales, and structured and semi-structured clinical interviews were administered for comprehensive mental health evaluation. Results: SoFSA with age ≥30 years, male gender, schooling <10 years, middle-lower socioeconomic class, married, extended/joint family living, family history of psychiatric disorders/suicide, and concomitant depression–anxiety exhibit significantly higher undesirable, ambiguous, and total LEs across time periods. One-way analysis of variance with post hoc analysis revealed SoFSA who attempted medically serious suicide suffered higher undesirable (F[2,97] = 4.43; P = 0.014) and total (F[2,97] = 3.39; P = 0.038) LEs during recent 6 months compared to medically nonlethal group. SoFSA diagnosed with comorbid psychiatric and personality disorders experienced higher undesirable, ambiguous, and total LEs across all time periods (P < 0.0001), compared to either disorder alone. Desirable LE did not significantly differ across all time periods and diagnostic categories, but ambiguous LE was the only significant finding among SoFSA with personality disorders. Conclusion: This study sheds newer insights that quantitative estimation (intensity and density) of LEs has a potential role in suicide-risk evaluation, with clustering of total or undesirable LE (>3 within 1 year or >10 lifetimes) and ambiguous LE (≥1 within 1 year or > 3 lifetimes) posing risk for psychiatric morbidity and medically serious suicidal behavior (especially, if lifetime total LE > 10). SoFSA with comorbid psychiatric and personality disorders experience higher intensity and density of LEs than either disorder alone, across all time periods.","PeriodicalId":52916,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Indian Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139327927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Online support group: Ways to care for the caregivers during the pandemic","authors":"Z. Maritska, Latifah Nudhar, B. Prananjaya, Raden Mulya Liansari, Nita Parisa, P. Suryani, Miranti Dwi Hartanti, Rizka Fathia, Muhammad Adam Triyoga, Mohammad Atthariq Ramadhan, F. Anggraini, J. Salim, S. Putri","doi":"10.4103/aip.aip_189_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aip.aip_189_22","url":null,"abstract":"The current world situation has put many at risk of having mental health issues, with the caregivers of mental disorders patients no exception. The pandemic has limited their access to the support they need in providing care for people with mental illnesses. Thus, a group of lecturers and students from the faculty of medicine at Universitas Sriwijaya assist families/caregivers of people with mental disorders during the pandemic through an online platform. The team screened for potential families/caregivers of mental disorder patients who went to Ernaldi Bahar Mental Hospital in Palembang, Indonesia. Twenty-four families of mental disorder patients consented to join the WhatsApp group with the doctors, who took a turn sharing varied topics weekly for 4 months (June–September 2021) through the WhatsApp messaging platform. Families found it helpful to join the group because they could interact and ask questions directly to doctors who are experts in their field, signifying that this activity is beneficial for families of people with mental disorders to increase resilience during the pandemic.","PeriodicalId":52916,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Indian Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139329376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Melatonin revisited: Clinically relevant facts","authors":"Shorouq Motwani, A. De Sousa","doi":"10.4103/aip.aip_196_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aip.aip_196_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52916,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Indian Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139330053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic challenges in the assessment of psychiatric illness among persons with speech and hearing impairments in India","authors":"Sincy Treesa Joseph, Aishwarya Rao, Shalini Perugu, Bhuvaneshwari Sethuraman","doi":"10.4103/aip.aip_8_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aip.aip_8_23","url":null,"abstract":"The prevalence of psychiatric illness among the hearing impaired does not vary from the general population. This case series highlights two different presentations of psychiatric illness in speech and hearing-impaired patients. The first case describes a patient that was diagnosed to have unspecified nonorganic psychosis after a detailed assessment and observation. The second case describes the challenges in diagnosing depression versus organicity. Difficulties in communication act as a barrier to psychiatric assessment, and there are no clear guidelines for the same. Both of these cases summarize the challenges faced in assessment, mental status examination, the lack of knowledge of linguistics hindering assessment, and the paucity of literature on psychiatric problems in speech and hearing impaired, especially in India. We found that these may be overcome by consistent ward observation, assessment of psychomotor activity, affect, functional analysis of aggression, and course and duration of the presenting illness.","PeriodicalId":52916,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Indian Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139331425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A study of psychological impact on adolescent children of parents with alcohol use disorder","authors":"Shwetali Gholap, Vivek Bapurao Chavan, A. Karad, Manjeet Santre","doi":"10.4103/aip.aip_26_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aip.aip_26_22","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Children of alcoholics face risks of problem behavior during childhood and mental health problems in adult life. Identifying these problems at the earliest can significantly reduce the problems in future. Aim: We aimed to study psychological impact on adolescent children of parents with alcohol use disorder. Settings and Design: This is a cross-sectional study done at a tertiary care hospital in Maharashtra. Materials and Methods: Convenience sampling technique was used. One hundred adolescent children of alcohol use disorder patients were evaluated for problem behavior and perceived stress using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL) and Perceived Stress Scale, respectively. Current status of severity of alcohol use in parents was assessed using the Severity of Alcohol Dependence Questionnaire. Statistical Analysis Used: Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences Software Package (version 20.0). Results: In our study, we found that children whose fathers had severe alcohol dependence were exhibiting more externalizing behavior on CBCL and higher perceived stress and it was statistically significant. Conclusion: A positive correlation was found between severity of alcohol use in fathers and problem behavior in children.","PeriodicalId":52916,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Indian Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139328016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intracranial arachnoid cysts presenting with first-episode mania and subsequent hyperammonemic encephalopathy: A case report","authors":"S. Kantipudi, Navina Suresh","doi":"10.4103/aip.aip_101_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aip.aip_101_21","url":null,"abstract":"Intracranial arachnoid cysts are often an incidental discovery in the course of neuroimaging for other conditions. While often asymptomatic, cysts which enlarge can cause mass or pressure effects on adjacent structures. We report a 33-year-old male patient who presented with first episode of manic symptoms. Following treatment with sodium valproate patient developed altered sensorium and was subsequently diagnosed with middle cranial fossa arachnoid cysts and valproic acid-induced hyperammonemic encephalopathy that was successfully treated with enteric lactulose. There are several case reports of arachnoid cysts presenting in patients with psychiatric disorders and debating whether these cysts are a cause or co-occurrence. In 16 reported patients, who had arachnoid cysts with psychiatric symptoms, 9 had cysts exerting mass/pressure effects. Three patients had surgical intervention and showed significant improvement following surgery. So did 1 patient who was treated with mannitol infusion. Intracranial arachnoid cysts may also present with atypical psychiatric symptoms or complicate the treatment process by way of poor response or treatment emergent adverse effects. There is an important role for thorough neurological examination, neuroimaging, and vigilant use of psychotropics in such patients.","PeriodicalId":52916,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Indian Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70646590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A case of steroid induced psychosis","authors":"Ashish Narvariya, Surbhi Batra, M. Kandpal","doi":"10.4103/aip.aip_116_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aip.aip_116_21","url":null,"abstract":"Corticosteroids are one of the widely used drugs in medicine; however, the use of steroids is associated with undesirable side effects. We present here a case of 18-year-old girl with nephrotic syndrome who developed auditory hallucinations, muttering to self, social withdrawal, and fearfulness after she was given steroids for her treatment. Steroids were tapered and stopped, and she was started on olanzapine after which she improved completely. Although a relationship between hypothalmic–pitutary axis and psychosis has been clearly established, still there is a dearth of literature in the area of steroid-induced psychosis and its management.","PeriodicalId":52916,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Indian Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70646945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Risperidone-induced maculopapular rashes in a child","authors":"Enub Ali, Ankur Sachdeva, Shanta Passi","doi":"10.4103/aip.aip_135_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aip.aip_135_21","url":null,"abstract":"We report the case and the literature focusing on dermatological problems as a possible side effect of risperidone. A 10-year-old boy with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, who was maintaining well on atomoxetine, developed rashes on addition of risperidone for behavioral problems. This prompted us to evaluate the relationship between skin rashes and risperidone. Maculopapular rashes resolved after risperidone was stopped following 3 days of treatment and resurfaced after rechallenge. These dermatological side effects were possibly induced by risperidone. Possible association of antipsychotics with dermatological side effects was explored and discussed. Antipsychotic use may present with maculopapular rashes as a side effect.","PeriodicalId":52916,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Indian Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70647451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Family functioning in psychogenic nonepileptic seizures: Qualitative study","authors":"S. Haritsa, K.Ashok Reddy, Meghna Gupta","doi":"10.4103/aip.aip_153_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aip.aip_153_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) are understood as epileptic presentations without a neurological basis. PNES has underlying psychological stressors that manifest physiologically. However, family functioning has been poorly studied despite its potential to be one of the major stressors. Few studies on family functioning have focused on differences between PNES and epileptic seizures than an in-depth inquiry into family functioning in PNES. Methods: Patients diagnosed with PNES by a psychiatrist or neurologist through home videos were chosen to participate in the study. Participants had at least one seizure in the previous week before the interview, and those who had physical disabilities or comorbid epilepsy were excluded from the study. In-depth interviews were developed and conducted. Determined data was analyzed through latent thematic analysis. Results: Based on the determined data, nine themes were identified. They included interaction and attachment, communication, structure and system, distressful family factors, expressed emotions, cultural aspects, maladaptive coping, adaptive coping, and negative emotional experience. Approach avoidance and hints of ending relationships were the types of communication among PNES patients, attachment has been inconclusive, transgenerational trauma, disengaged boundaries, coalition, and maladaptive triangles are prevalent among families of PNES patients. Over-involvement and hostility are the expressed emotions that were found. Both maladaptive and adaptive coping strategies are found among PNES patients. Finally, superstitions and beliefs in possession exist among families of PNES patients. Conclusion: Family dysfunction is prevalent among families of PNES patients, and hence, family-based interventions are necessary.","PeriodicalId":52916,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Indian Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70649150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Severity, etiology, and outcome of delirium in indoor patients referred to consultation-liaison psychiatry","authors":"Veji K Odedara, Mahesh Suthar, Chintan Savani, Shivangi Aggarwal","doi":"10.4103/aip.aip_199_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aip.aip_199_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Delirium is a complex neuropsychiatric syndrome characterized by an acute decline in the level of consciousness, cognition, and impairment in attention, with adverse physical, cognitive, and psychological outcomes. Aims: This study aimed to assess the severity, etiology, and outcome of delirium in indoor patients referred to consultation-liaison psychiatry. Settings and Design: A prospective observational study was conducted on 200 indoor patients diagnosed with delirium at a tertiary care hospital in Gujarat, India. Materials and Methods: The Delirium Rating Scale-Revised-98 (DRS-R-98) was used for the severity and delirium etiological checklist for the cause of delirium. Statistical Analysis Used: Data were entered in an Excel sheet and analyzed with Epi Info. Continuous variables were expressed as mean and standard deviation while categorical variables were expressed as percentages. The association between categorical variables was tested with a Chi-square test. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: As per the DRS-R-98 score, 45.4%, 38%, and 16.5% of patients had less severe, severe, and nonsevere delirium, respectively. The most common etiology was metabolic and endocrine disturbances (66.5%) followed by systemic infection (41.5%), drug withdrawal (38.5%), and organ insufficiency (31.5%). The mean duration of the delirium episode was 3.7 days and length of the hospital stay was 8.6 days. Delirium was reversible in 91% and irreversible in 9% of patients and mortality was 9%. Conclusions: Delirium is reported commonly in middle-aged males. Metabolic and endocrine disturbances, systemic infection, and drug withdrawal are common causes of delirium. Delirium severity is related to a longer hospital stay, a low discharge rate, and higher mortality.","PeriodicalId":52916,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Indian Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45425433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}