Annals of Indian Psychiatry最新文献

{"title":"Exploring various factors of major self-mutilation in psychosis: A case series from North India","authors":"Rohit Gondwal, Robin Victor, Priyaranjan Avinash, Arghya Pal","doi":"10.4103/aip.aip_128_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aip.aip_128_22","url":null,"abstract":"Self-injurious behavior can be seen in various physical and psychiatric illnesses. Violence toward self is higher as compared toward others in psychotic illness. This relationship is complex and is associated with various clinical factors such as nature and severity of delusion and hallucinations, frequency of hallucinations, certain positive symptoms, duration of untreated psychosis, social isolation, substance use, age and gender of the patient, poor compliance to treatment and lack of follow up, and sociocultural factors such as lack of insight regarding mental illness in attendants of patients, the stigma associated with mental illness and treatment, the belief of supernatural causation of psychotic symptoms, and having more faith on indigenous alternative/complementary method of treatment. Here, we present case series of people who were suffering from some form of psychosis and presented to us with a severe self-inflicted injury. We emphasize on the potential benefit of early identification and redressal of the abovementioned clinical and sociocultural factors associated with higher MSM in patients with psychotic illness and prompt intervention and treatment in such types of cases for a better outcome.","PeriodicalId":52916,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Indian Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49447016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparison of intelligence in children with autism and controls: Raven's progressive matrices and wechsler intelligence scale-III","authors":"Ashish Chepure, Priyanka Jog, Apurva Ungratwar, A. Subramanyam, Ravindra Kamath","doi":"10.4103/aip.aip_22_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aip.aip_22_22","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Intelligence in children with autism has been underestimated for long. Previous studies have reported an uneven performance on intelligence tests. Better performance on Raven's Progressive Matrices (RPM) as compared to Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children and Adults (WISC-III) has been found in some studies. RPM is quick and easy to administer. Hence there is a need to understand if RPM is a comparable test to tap the intelligence in children with autism. Aims and Objectives: To find the percentile IQ scores of children with autism and controls using RPM and WISC and to compare the performance of the two groups using the IQ tests. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study including 15 children with autism and normal controls was done. The children were subjected to WISC-III and RPM. Results: The study shows that normal children perform better on intelligence tests than children with autism. Both tests can be used to measure intelligence in children with autism fairly owing to their correlation. However, RPM showed better scores than WISC-III for children with autism. Conclusions: Matrices can be used as an alternative and an even better test to measure intelligence in children with autism just as the standard WISC-III. Further studies in a larger population of children with autism are warranted to validate our findings.","PeriodicalId":52916,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Indian Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47400917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychosis and its linear outcomes: Huntington's disease","authors":"Dimple Gupta, Akansha Bhardwaj, Abhinav Ankur, Chirag Ambaliya","doi":"10.4103/aip.aip_195_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aip.aip_195_22","url":null,"abstract":"Huntington's disease (HD) is a rare chronic neurodegenerative disease, characterized by a triad of abnormal choreatic movements and cognitive and psychotic disorders. Interestingly, in spite of the typical triad characteristic of HD, a very small group presents with psychotic features. In this article, we present a 40-year-old female patient with a confirmed diagnosis of HD after molecular evidence of cytosine-adenosine-guanine whose initial symptoms were psychiatric in origin and comprised full-blown psychotic presentation.","PeriodicalId":52916,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Indian Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44532070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A study on factors affecting psychological capital in employed LGBTQ+ individuals","authors":"Pooja Vora, Sruthi Sivaraman","doi":"10.4103/aip.aip_115_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aip.aip_115_23","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Individuals who belong to the LGBTQ+ community usually have a lower level of hope, efficacy, resilience, and optimism than the general population. Factors such as age, perceived social support (PSS), and coming out influence psychological capital (PsyCap) in LGBTQ+ individuals. The aim of the current study is to investigate factors such as age, PSS, and coming out influencing PsyCap, among employed LGBTQ+ individuals. Methodology: The data for the study were collected through Google Forms. The sample consists of 200 employed individuals who belong to the LGBTQ+ community using purposive sampling. The sample was evaluated using a sociodemographic profile pro forma, the 24-item PsyCap Questionnaire, and the Multidimensional Scale of PSS (MSPSS). The individuals were divided into groups based on age, PSS, and status of coming out and their scores on the PsyCap were compared and the data were statistically analyzed. Results: The PsyCap scores were compared on the basis of age groups, having come out or not come out, and scores on the MSPSS. The study showed that in employed LGBTQ+ individuals, coming out (t = 2.52, P = 0.012) and PSS (F = 31.84, P = 0.0001) had a positive effect on PsyCap, whereas age did not appear to be a significant variable causing improvement in PsyCap (t = 0.206, P = 0.837). Conclusions: Coming out and social support are important factors to build PsyCap in LGBTQ+ individuals. Further studies in larger workforces of these individuals in diverse workplace shall help us extrapolate the findings of the current study better.","PeriodicalId":52916,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Indian Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44590719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A knowledge attitudes and practice study of media consumption in medical students of tertiary care teaching institute and it's relation with their sexual attitudes and beliefs","authors":"Urmi Jha, Gaurav Pawar","doi":"10.4103/aip.aip_187_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aip.aip_187_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Media consumption has proven to be an influential factor in shaping the attitudes and beliefs of adolescents and young adults. The role of different types of media consumption and its correlation with the sexual attitudes and beliefs of medical students were studied. Aims: To study types of media consumption and its relation with sexual attitudes and beliefs in medical students of a tertiary care teaching institute. Materials and Methods: Forty-five participants, who studied in undergraduate and postgraduate medical courses in tertiary care teaching institute, were included in the study. The sexual attitudes and beliefs were assessed by using a Brief Sexual Attitudes Scale. Gender stereotypes and media consumption were assessed using the appropriate questionnaire of Likert style with grades of 1–5. Results and Discussion: Out of 45 participants with a mean age of 26.8 + 3. “Would like to have sex with multiple partners” had the highest mean score of 4.24 + 1.24, with A mean score of 4.64 + 0.9 for men expected to pay on dates corresponding mean score of 4.18 + 0.8 for liking comedies. Conclusion: There is a shift in paradigm related to sexual health from a religious outlook for procreation to satisfying basic human urges without commitment. Moreover, media has an important role to play in it. Openness on the topic is lacking, demanding further large-scale studies.","PeriodicalId":52916,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Indian Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44190190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vortioxetine-induced periorbital edema: An unusual case report","authors":"Avisha Mahla, Dimple Gupta, Ved Mahla, Akansha Bhardwaj","doi":"10.4103/aip.aip_1_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aip.aip_1_23","url":null,"abstract":"Drug-induced periorbital edema can be defined as extravasation of fluid to the extracellular space in periorbital tissues as a consequence of a pharmacologic agent. It is often a diagnosis of exclusion, arrived at after eliminating infection, nutritional, inflammation, and oncologic etiologies. In this case report, we wish to highlight a case of periorbital edema induced by vortioxetine. The authors describe a case of a 25-year-old male with a diagnosis of major depressive disorder, who developed periorbital edema after 5 days of taking vortioxetine. The authors observed a temporal relationship between periorbital edema and a new multimodal antidepressant-vortioxetine. This is the first reported case of periorbital edema due to vortioxetine in the literature. This can be of substantial importance as it is a relatively newer drug and will help psychiatrists to be more vigilant of this rare but serious side effect while prescribing the drug in their daily practice.","PeriodicalId":52916,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Indian Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48858396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perceived stress and burden in primary caretakers of substance use disorder","authors":"Amarpreet Singh, Jai Narayan","doi":"10.4103/aip.aip_59_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aip.aip_59_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: A substance-dependent person in the family affects almost all aspects of the family sphere. This leads to various problems, difficulties, or adverse events which affect the lives of family members and causes an enormous burden on family and caregivers. Aim and Methods: The present study aimed to assess the pattern of burden and stress perceived by the primary caretaker of substance use disorder. Results: Majority of the primary caretakers had moderate-to-severe financial burden, moderate-to-severe disruption in family routine, and moderate-to-severe disruption in family leisure and interaction. There was a mild disruption in the physical and mental health of the caretaker. Majority had moderate subjective burden and moderate-to-severe total family burden. Total perceived stress was moderate to severe in primary caretakers. Moderate-to-severe stress in all spheres was found. Conclusion: The effect of physical health and mental health was mild–moderate in all the primary caretakers. The burden and perceived stress were less in spouses as compared to nonspouses.","PeriodicalId":52916,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Indian Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46678368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aid of pulse oximeter during electroconvulsive therapy with cuff method to monitor limb isolation","authors":"R. Tadke, A. Faye, S. Gawande","doi":"10.4103/aip.aip_101_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aip.aip_101_23","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52916,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Indian Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45593247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Concordance among the patient-, proxy-, and clinician-rated versions of World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule-2.0 36-item version in India","authors":"F. Paul, Shikha Tyagi, Subhash Das, Arif Ali","doi":"10.4103/aip.aip_84_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aip.aip_84_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The World Health Organization Disability Assessment Schedule-2.0 (WHODAS 2.0) is a disability assessment instrument which is based on the conceptual framework of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health. It provides a global measure of disability and it has seven domains-specific scores. Objective: The present study aims to check the concordance among the patient, proxy, and clinician-rated versions of WHODAS 2.0 in India. Materials and Methods: This study was cross-sectional and comparative in nature. Sixty samples of patients with severe mental illness (SMI) were selected using a consecutive sampling procedure as per the International Classification of Diseases (ICD-10) criteria. Using patient, proxy, and clinician administrative version of WHODAS 2.0, the study was conducted at the outpatient department of Mental Health Institute and Department of Psychiatry, Government Medical College and Hospital Sector 32, Chandigarh, India. Patients diagnosed with SMI as per the ICD-10 aged above 18 years of age with a total duration of illness of at least more than 2 years were included. Those who refused to participate were excluded. The data were analyzed using the SPSS software. The normality of quantitative data was checked by the measures of Kolmogorov–Smirnov tests of normality. The continuous data were reported as mean ± standard deviation. The categorical variables were reported as counts and percentages. The group comparisons were made with the help of ANOVA test. Results: This study included 60 patients with SMI, and the results show that there was no significant difference found among the patient, proxy, and clinician's assessment for most items, but the mean score of the clinician-rated version score (68.733) was higher in comparison to patient- and proxy-rated versions of WHODAS 2.0. Conclusion: The overall inter-reliability of WHODAS 2.0 among the patients, proxy, and clinician was moderate. There was no significant difference among the patient, proxy, and clinician's assessments for most items. This highlights the fact that one does not have to rely on professionals' ratings for assessing the disability among patients with SMI.","PeriodicalId":52916,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Indian Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45052632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in the burden of eating disorders in Pakistan over the past three decades: A joinpoint regression analysis","authors":"Syeda Zahra, Ravi Prakash Jha, Mahpara Safdar, Muhammad Khalid, Waseem Khalid, Muhammad Nawaz Ranjha","doi":"10.4103/aip.aip_8_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/aip.aip_8_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Eating is one of the most and foremost necessities of life. Eating is necessary for a being for growth, development, and maintenance of body and body system. However, a variety of problems are associated with eating, in which eating disorder is of the most common. Anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa are two most potential eating disorders mostly prevailing in youth of developing countries like Pakistan. A better understanding of its incidence is a basic requirement for improving its management. However, the temporal trend of eating disorder incidence in Pakistan is still unknown. Methods: The age- and gender-specific incidence and prevalence rates of eating disorders and their subtypes, anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, from 1990 to 2019 were collected from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 database. The annual percentage change and average annual percentage changes were calculated using joinpoint regression analysis to observe the trends in the incidence and prevalence rates of eating disorders and their subtypes in Pakistan over the past three decades. Results: From 1990 to 2019, age-standardized incidence rates (ASIRs) and age-standardized prevalence rates (ASPRs) of eating disorders continued to increase in both males and females, and similar trends were observed in anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa. ASIR of eating disorders and bulimia nervosa was higher among males as compared to females, during mentioned time frame, but it was reversed in the case of anorexia nervosa where ASIR was higher among females as compared to males. However, ASPRs of eating disorders including both the anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, was higher among females as compared to males. Joinpoint regression analysis showed that the incidence rates and prevalence rates have increased in all age groups. 15–19 and 20–24 years' age groups are having the highest incidence rates of eating disorders, anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa, for both males and females. Conclusion: Eating disorder burden continues to rise in Pakistan, particularly among adolescents and young adults. Further etiological studies are required to explain these increases and to facilitate the early identification of high-risk individuals.","PeriodicalId":52916,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Indian Psychiatry","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47276174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}