{"title":"Experimental Studies on Post-Explosion Lesions in a Model of Human Soft Tissues","authors":"A. Smędra, Adrian Siadkowski, J. Berent","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0016.1468","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0016.1468","url":null,"abstract":"Descriptions of blast-related injuries have long been established in the textbooks. Since, for obvious reasons, it is difficult to perform ballistic studies on human tissues, such research is usually conducted on appropriate models, i.e., gelatin blocks and soap blocks – each of these materials has distinctive properties, which make them suitable for unique applications. The work aims to present the possibilities for analyzing the effects of explosion on the human body using a ballistic soap model. The tests performed allow to conclude that a shock wave affects the surface of the ballistic soap block, generating hemispherical craters, which begin to overlap when the distance between the explosive charge and block is reduced, until they form one semi-cylindrical hollow (when linear charge is used), which represents a temporary cavity. The results obtained allow for an assessment of the extent of post-explosion lesions.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":52820,"journal":{"name":"Problemy Mechatroniki","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42641445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Projectile for a New Intermediate Cartridge","authors":"Krzysztof Piasta, P. Kupidura, Grzegorz Leśnik","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0016.1464","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0016.1464","url":null,"abstract":"Evolution of contemporary military conflicts has revealed some shortcomings of existing individual small arms ammunition. The first attempts to undertake research and development works on new weapons and ammunition were made in the USA, however, some projects are also being launched in other countries. This paper presents a short review of the newly developed rounds for perspective small arms’ systems as well as an attempt to determine a caliber of perspective individual weapon. For this purpose, some preliminary external and terminal ballistic analyses were conducted for various diameter projectiles of the same design.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":52820,"journal":{"name":"Problemy Mechatroniki","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46584441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Autonomous Robot Project Based on the Robot Operating System Platform","authors":"Szymon Cherubin, W. Kaczmarek, Natalia Daniel","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0016.1462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0016.1462","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents the concept of an autonomous mobile robot running on the ROS system and using advanced algorithms for 2D map generation and autonomous navigation. The authors focused on presenting the hardware platform, the Linux-based software and the Robot Operating System (ROS) platform. This article also introduces an algorithm that provides the generation of a 2D map of the surroundings, autonomous robot driving and remote control of the device. Measurements of the temperature of the computer helped in the decision on which cooling system to use.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":52820,"journal":{"name":"Problemy Mechatroniki","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44765573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gabriel F. Noja, A. Rotariu, M. Mărmureanu, Adrian Malciu, B. Pulpea, Florin-Marian Dîrloman
{"title":"Theoretical and Experimental Research on Gun Propellant Burning","authors":"Gabriel F. Noja, A. Rotariu, M. Mărmureanu, Adrian Malciu, B. Pulpea, Florin-Marian Dîrloman","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0016.1453","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0016.1453","url":null,"abstract":"The paper presents a method to determine the burning rate law and the progressivity coefficient of the fine-grained propellants shape. To achieve the objective of this paper, a series of tests were performed in a closed vessel. The results obtained from these tests were processed to determine experimentally the burning rate and the progressivity coefficient of the propellant shape starting from the premise that the burning surface has identical values for the same value of the volume fraction of burned propellant in two closed vessel tests at different loading densities. The experimental determination of the progressivity coefficient of the propellant shape shows that irregularities of the shape of the fine-grained propellants and gradual ignition lead to values completely different from the theoretical ones.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":52820,"journal":{"name":"Problemy Mechatroniki","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45819810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Moczulak, Wojciech Miąskowski, Igor Dybich, W. Dudda
{"title":"Effects of Foil Bearing Load on Working Foil Wear","authors":"B. Moczulak, Wojciech Miąskowski, Igor Dybich, W. Dudda","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0016.1463","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0016.1463","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents issues related to the study on the impact of high-speed foil bearing service loads on the wear of working foils. The work includes a brief introduction, test methodology and a description of the test stand for testing the wear on working foil bearings under simulated operating conditions. The test stand was located in the Machinery Design Fundamentals laboratory at the Faculty of Technical Sciences of the University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn (Poland), where it is used for start-stop tests. The article describes the course of the tests and the results, providing relevant conclusions and a better understanding of the phenomena occurring during work with foil bearings.","PeriodicalId":52820,"journal":{"name":"Problemy Mechatroniki","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45679587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Study of the Possibility of Applying Parallel Programming to the Algorithms of Space-Time Adaptive Processing","authors":"Błażej Ślesicki, A. Kawalec, Anna Slesicka","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0016.0048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0016.0048","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the description, assumptions and subsequent steps of the space-time adaptive processing (STAP) algorithms used as a signal processing tool in radars. The possibilities of object detection using the Sample Matrix Inversion (SMI) and Data Domain Least Squares (DDLS) algorithms were compared and showned. The article shows the impact of the use of parallel programming on the computation time of both algorithms. The main aim of this study was to propose an efficient method for the real-time implementation of the STAP algorithm in airborne radar systems. The idea of using parallel programming in STAP, supported only by the preliminary research results presented above, gives a real chance for the casual implementation of the STAP algorithm in a radar operating in close to real time mode.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":52820,"journal":{"name":"Problemy Mechatroniki","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46840235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dariusz Rodzik, S. Grzywiński, P. Turek, S. Milewski
{"title":"Using a System for Projectile Acoustic Location During a 35 mm AM-35 Naval Gun Tests for the Naval Armament System","authors":"Dariusz Rodzik, S. Grzywiński, P. Turek, S. Milewski","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0016.0055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0016.0055","url":null,"abstract":"The paper is a continuation of the cycle of presentations of the results for the research task commenced in 2018, at the 12th International Armament Conference (Poland), with the aim of developing a method and system for assessing firings at surface targets, during implementation of R&D project no. O ROB 0046 03 01. The paper presents simulation test results and experimental characteristics of the pressure disturbances caused by the motion of a 35 mm TP-T projectile on the basis of which the sensor parameters and configuration on the surface target were selected. A description of the adopted design solutions for the firing assessment system were presented. \u0000Finally, selected performance results were presented for the projectile acoustic location system used to assess 35 mm combat firings of the AM-35 naval gun during Naval Armament System qualification tests.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":52820,"journal":{"name":"Problemy Mechatroniki","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45477589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Different Methods of Calculating Pressure Inside the Barrel in Post-Muzzle Period of a Shot","authors":"Damian Szupieńko, Radosław Trębiński","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0016.0053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0016.0053","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the results of calculations of the pressure of propellant gases inside the barrel in a post-muzzle period of a shot. Three methods of calculating the pressure in the barrel bore in the post-muzzle period of the shot were used in the work: the Brawin method, the method describing the outflow of gases from the barrel bore to the environment, and the method using the phenomenon of the transition of a pressure-averaging rarefaction wave from the barrel muzzle to the bottom of the combustion chamber. In the conducted tests, the obtained pressure courses were used to determine the impact of the use of various methods describing the post-muzzle period of a shot on the behaviour of the weapon automatics system operating on the recoil principle. \u0000\u0000\u0000A comparison of the pressure courses, obtained with the use of various methods, and the recoil velocities of the elements of the recoiling assembly, determined with the use of mathematical and physical models of recoil firearm operation, showed that in the case of recoil operated weapons, the differences between the methods are small - the differences between the recoil velocities determined with the use of various methods did not exceed 5%. Both, the pressure courses and the recoil velocities of the recoiling elements of the firearm operating on the recoil principle determined with the use of various methods of describing the pressure course in the post-muzzle period of the shot are at a similar level.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":52820,"journal":{"name":"Problemy Mechatroniki","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41462171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Trajectory of 7.62 × 51 mm Projectiles Fired at Different Initial Velocities","authors":"Grzegorz Leśnik, M. Pac, Ł. Szmit","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0016.0054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0016.0054","url":null,"abstract":"The subject of the analysis involves the trajectories of 7.62 mm Lapua Scenar GB432 projectiles and “Ball” lead core projectiles manufactured by MESKO S.A. (Poland) fired at different initial velocities from 16, 20 and 26 inch long barrels. Calculations in the scope of the external ballistics concerning the characteristics of the trajectories of projectile fired from the analysed weapons were made using the PRODAS 3.5 software by Arrow Tech, using a mathematical model of the solid body movements with six degrees of freedom. During the analyses, the phenomena of the internal and transient ballistics and barrel vibrations were not taken into account. The subject of the study was only the trajectory of a projectile fired with a specific initial velocity corresponding to a barrel of a given length. The impact of wind was assessed by modifying the atmosphere model by adding a side wind blowing at a constant velocity throughout the distance. \u0000The results allowed the analysis of the effect of the barrel length and the associated initial velocity of the projectile on the nature of the projectile trajectory, especially the obtained overheight path and projectile range. The impact of the side wind on different types of projectiles was also assessed. When shooting precision rifles, it is better to use rounds with heavy projectiles, optimized for long-distance shooting. Lightweight-projectile rounds can be successfully used in the semi-automatic rifles used for support at the lowest levels, where more manoeuvrability (including barrels with a length not exceeding 20 inches) and higher fire rate is required, and, at the same, where shooting at distances exceeding 500 m is not necessary. Lightweight-projectile rounds can also be successfully used for marksmanship training at distances below 500 m, where the differences between the trajectories of different projectiles are the least.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":52820,"journal":{"name":"Problemy Mechatroniki","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46830915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Experimental Study of Air-Assisted Rocket System Models for Launching Payloads into a Low Earth Orbit","authors":"M. Frant, M. Majcher, Łukasz Omen, P. Zalewski","doi":"10.5604/01.3001.0016.0052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0016.0052","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the results of aerodynamic testing of air-launch rocket kit models for launching payloads into a low Earth orbit. The work was performed in a low-speed wind tunnel at the Military University of Technology (MUT, Warsaw, Poland)), using symmetrical airflow. Two carrier aircraft models were tested, i.e., Su-22 and MiG-29 aircraft without launched payloads and with these payloads at a dynamic pressure of q = 500 [Pa] and the range of angles of attack at α = -2828. The values obtained related to the aerodynamic drag coefficient, aerodynamic lift coefficient, pitching moment coefficient and lift to drag ratio, and are given in tabular and graphic forms. The tests were primarily used to validate the numerical results obtained during implementation of the project “Air-assisted rocket system for launching payloads into low Earth orbit - feasibility study”.\u0000\u0000","PeriodicalId":52820,"journal":{"name":"Problemy Mechatroniki","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42816036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}