Zhurnal Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta Geografiia geologiia最新文献

{"title":"Assessment of economic and geographical location of regions and cities of regional submission of the Republic of Belarus","authors":"M. Drahun, Artur S. Mazan, Maksim A. Dubavets","doi":"10.33581/2521-6740-2021-1-50-64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33581/2521-6740-2021-1-50-64","url":null,"abstract":"A methodology for assessing the economic and geographical location of the territory is proposed, which is tested on the example of regions and cities of regional submission of the Republic of Belarus. A statistically significant relationship has been established between the level of socio-economic development of the studied territories and the distance of their administrative centers to large economic centers of the country, the area of the territory, the density of highways and the length of international oil and gas pipelines passing through the territory of administrative-territorial units. An integral indicator of the economic and geographical location of regions and cities of regional submission of the Republic of Belarus is proposed. A differentiated approach to the socio-economic development of the studied territories is substantiated on the basis of a change in their economic and geographical location, in connection with which appropriate measures of a practical nature are proposed.","PeriodicalId":52778,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta Geografiia geologiia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46791508","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical-geographical natural systems within waters of the World Ocean","authors":"Y. Shuisky","doi":"10.33581/2521-6740-2021-1-35-49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33581/2521-6740-2021-1-35-49","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the data of theoretical developments in the fields of ocean geography and system-geographical analysis, a hierarchical scheme of natural systems in the water layer of the World Ocean has been examined. The aim of the work is to carry out the first attempt to compare landscapes on land, natural systems in the coastal zone (the zone of contact between land and the World Ocean) and those in the World Ocean. The differentiation of the oceanic natural environment which is a possible version of a systematised list of systems ranging from individual oceans to individual eddies (or impulses) in the deep sea and on the shelf of shallow water are discussed. This work therefore, attempts to find new ways for the synchronous study of the hierarchical series of the coastal zone and the water layer of the World Ocean, along with land landscapes as part of the geographic shell of the Earth. This approach will make it possible to obtain a series of systems for the entire geographic envelope. This is a promising approach for an indebt development of physical geography in general.","PeriodicalId":52778,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta Geografiia geologiia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45288701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Economic and geographic analysis of road service structure of the Republic of Belarus (on the example of highways)","authors":"Dmitry P. Korotysh, Nikolai S. Sheleg","doi":"10.33581/2521-6740-2020-2-60-69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33581/2521-6740-2020-2-60-69","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the economic and geographic characteristics of territorial differences in roadside services providing on the main roads of the Republic of Belarus of the 2015–2019. At present, the relevant issues related to the problems, organization, functioning and increasing the efficiency of roadside service facilities are widely represented in the studies of economists. However, the issue of the territorial organization of roadside service has not been practically studied in geographical science. The aim of the work is an economic and geographical analysis of spatial differences and patterns in the development of roadside services on the main roads of the Republic of Belarus and suggesting priority development areas, taking into account economic and geographical factors and identified regularities. The research provides a comparative analysis of the roadside service in the main roads and economic and geographical factors which determine the development of the roadside service network. Such factors include: traffic intensity, population of the administrative region, transport accessibility of service facilities for urban residents, level of socio-economic development of the region. The patterns of territorial differentiation of roadside services have been established, which are manifested in a high concentration of objects and services in areas with high traffic, attraction to large cities and the state border. The question of the service complexity, which is expressed in the number of roadside services types and the development of multifunctional facilities, which provide 5 or more types of services, is considered. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that the research of geographical aspects of roadside services is performed for the first time in the country and international aspects of the problem, an economic and geographical typology of main roads was proposed based on the type of roadside service structure and belonging to trans-European transport corridors using the example of the Republic of Belarus. The following typology enables to determine the underdevelopment of certain types of roadside services, such as car service stations, car washes, and guarded parking lots. The value of this study lies in identifying priority directions for the development of highways roadside service based on identified road services particularities: expanding the range of roadside services on facilities territory, developing a network of secure parking lots, including for trucks, developing multifunctional service complexes, providing paid and free self-service system services.","PeriodicalId":52778,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta Geografiia geologiia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69454501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Palaeocarpological and palaeoclimatic studies of the murtic interglacial flora of the Belarusian upland","authors":"Heorhi I. Litviniuk","doi":"10.33581/2521-6740-2020-2-70-77","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33581/2521-6740-2020-2-70-77","url":null,"abstract":"The Muravian interglacial horizon is the last warm period of time span closest to our time, as well as one of the marking horizons in the complex composed layer of Quaternary deposits in Belarus. The study of the Muravian deposits, as well as an elucidation of the paleogeographic conditions that existed at that time, can make it possible to predict climate changes on our planet in the future. Based on the analysis of palaeocarpological materials obtained by the author in the study of reference sections located within the territory of the Belarusian upland and reflecting the optimal phases of the Muravian interglacial, a brief analysis of the composition of fossil floras is carried out, the conditions for their formation are established, and paleoclimatic reconstructions were performed on the basis of the obtained materials. The data obtained indicate that the average July temperatures at the optimum of the Muravian interglacial on the territory of the Belarusian upland were +17.0 till +24.0 °С for the eastern regions and +17.0 till +21.2 °С for the Grodno upland. The average January temperature ranged from +2.0...+7.0 to –3.0...–7.2 ºC. The results obtained are in good agreement with the data of other methods, in particular, palynological analysis based on the study of fossil pollen and spores. In accordance with the modern climatic indicators of the territory of Belarus, the climate at the optimum of the Muravian interglacial was at least several degrees warmer than the current one, and the winters were much milder.","PeriodicalId":52778,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta Geografiia geologiia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46218307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of the meteorological situation in the conditions of icing and ice","authors":"Yulia A. Hledko, Katsiaryna S. Berazhkova","doi":"10.33581/2521-6740-2020-2-14-25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33581/2521-6740-2020-2-14-25","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the study of the problem of ensuring the safety of aircraft on the territory of the Republic of Belarus and, directly, on the territory of the Minsk airfield. Icing and ice are some of the most dangerous meteorological phenomena for aviation. In order to prevent accidents related to these phenomena, it is necessary to have a clear idea of the laws of their occurrence and distribution, as well as their relationship to each other. To study the spatial and temporal patterns of ice distribution, the actual meteorological data of Belhydromet for 1989–2016 were processed at all meteorological stations of the Republic of Belarus. Also, charts of the chronological progress of the average monthly number of days with ice and the average annual number of days with ice at all meteorological stations on the territory of the Republic of Belarus for the above period were constructed and analyzed. The tendency to change the average annual number of days with ice over the period from 1989 to 2016 is analysed. The icing analysis for 2014–2018 was also carried out according to the data of the Civil Aviation Meteorological Station «Minsk». The accompanying meteorological elements, such as the shape of the clouds, the direction and strength of the wind, air temperature, as well as the synoptic situation, are analysed. The map of the spatio-temporal distribution of ice is constructed using ArcGIS by the method of equal intervals.","PeriodicalId":52778,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta Geografiia geologiia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49067912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Modern changes of the runoff characteristics of the rivers of the Greater Caucasus","authors":"I. Aliyeva","doi":"10.33581/2521-6740-2020-2-26-33","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33581/2521-6740-2020-2-26-33","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the analysis of modern changes in annual runoff, its main components – underground and surface runoff, as well as the minimum winter and summer-autumn runoff rivers of the Greater Caucasus within Azerbaijan. A brief review of previous studies on flow changes in the country is given. It is noted that in these works the method of geographical comparison and linear trend analysis were used. It is concluded that the changes in the surface and under ground runoff of the rivers of the Greater Caucasus due to climate change have not yet been analysed. The data on the runoff of 17 hydrological observation points covering 1934–2017 were analysed. All these hydrological observation points are located in the mountainous part of the river basins, i. e. runoff indices characterise the natural or conditionally natural regime of rivers. The annual values of the underground flow were determined as the arithmetic average of the monthly average minimum winter and summer-autumn water discharges. The annual values of surface runoff are calculated as the difference between annual and underground runoff. The method of geographical comparison is used. Calculations and generalisations of the results obtained are performed for different periods, according to the recommendations of the World Meteorological Organisation. It was revealed that, for 1981–2010 and 2001–2017 surface runoff of the rivers of the studied region decreased compared to runoff for the base period (1961–1990), due to a decrease in the amount of snow precipitation and a decrease in the volume of spring flood. However, there was a more significant increase in the underground flow of rivers and, therefore, an increase in annual flow was observed throughout the region. The dynamics of changes in the minimum river flow, especially in the winter season, is also positive, since over the past decades the snow cover has been melting earlier than usual, and favorable conditions are being created for the formation of groundwater that feeds the rivers during periods of minimal runoff. It is noted that the revealed nature of changes in various indices of river flow in the studied region is associated with climate change.","PeriodicalId":52778,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta Geografiia geologiia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44193258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Calculation of winter average ten-day minimum flows of rivers of the Lake Sevan Basin and analysis of its time variability","authors":"Вардуи Гургеновна Маргарян","doi":"10.33581/2521-6740-2020-1-27-35","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33581/2521-6740-2020-1-27-35","url":null,"abstract":"Studying decadal minimum costs, especially in the context of expected climate change, is relevant and urgent. Both on the rivers of the study area and the whole republic, minimum water discharge is observed during periods of summer- autumn and winter low water. In both cases, the power of the rivers is mostly underground. However, summer-autumn rains can often disrupt the river’s feeding patterns and cause flooding. The paper calculated the winter average ten-day minimum costs for posts that have a long series of observations on rivers flowing into Lake Sevan. In a number of longterm observations, the dynamics of changes in the winter average ten-day minimum costs of rivers flowing into the basin and the patterns of their spatial distribution have been estimated. As a source material daily data from actual observations at 12 hydrological posts in the study area of the Service of the Hydrometeorology and Active Influence on Atmospheric Phenomena, Ministry of Emergency Situations of the Republic of Armenia, are used. All observed hydrological posts have a number of observations 40 years or more. The methods used in the work are: mathematical-statistical, extrapolation, interpolation, analysis, analogue and correlation. It turned out that most rivers in the Lake Sevan Basin have a tendency to increase in winter average ten-day minimum costs.","PeriodicalId":52778,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta Geografiia geologiia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48823557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The correlation of the environmental dynamics of the southeastern periphery of the Poo zer ye (Valdai) glaciation in the Late Glacial and Holocene","authors":"Валентина Петровна Зерницкая, Борис Павлович Власов, Алексей Васильевич Матвеев, Алексей Александрович Новик, Дмитрий Александрович Субетто, Юрий Анатольевич Кублицкий, Александр Владимирович Орлов","doi":"10.33581/2521-6740-2020-1-45-59","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33581/2521-6740-2020-1-45-59","url":null,"abstract":"The landscape-climatic reconstruction in the southeastern sector of the last Scandinavian (Poozerye (Valdai)) glaciation was carried out within transect in the direction from Lake Naroch (Belarus) to the Lake Ilmen (Russia) based on palynological, isotopic and radiocarbon data. The first stage of deglaciation of the territory located between the maximum Orsha (Ostashkov) stage and the Vepsian-Krestetskiy marginal formations lasted from 20.0 to 15.5 cal. ka BP. The onset of lake sedimentogenesis in this region dates from the final stages of the Pleniglacial (16.5–15.5 cal. ka BP). The vegetation cover about 14.7 cal. ka BP represented by grass-shrub tundra. At the beginning of the Belling-Allered interstadial, there was an active expansion of tree species (birch, pine) to the north, following the retreating glacier. At the end of the Allered (13.3 cal. ka BP), open pine forests with birch dominated in the north of Belarus, and birch and pine-birch in the neighboring regions of Russia. The beginning of the expansion of spruce, both in Belarus and in the northwestern regions of Russia, dates from 13.2 cal. ka BP, which is comparable with the oscillation of Herzensee (GI-1b). Late Dryas cooling characterized by the spread of herb-forest-tundra landscapes, in which, apart from pine and birch, spruce played a significant role. The boundary Late Glacial ‒ Holocene (about 11.5 cal. ka BP) is marked by a decrease in the content of spruce pollen, shrubs of tundra and grass. According to isotopic and palynological data during the Holocene, revealed episodes of cooling. Changes in vegetation occurred in the following sequence: birch and pine-birch forests (11.5‒10.0 cal. ka BP), mixed birch-pine with the participation of broadleaved species (10.0 ‒8.0 cal. ka BP), coniferous-broadleaved (8.0 ‒5.8 cal. ka BP), broadleaved ‒ dark coniferous (5.8‒2.7 cal. ka BP), dark coniferous and oak ‒ dark coniferous with birch forests (2.7 cal. ka BP ‒ modern stage).","PeriodicalId":52778,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta Geografiia geologiia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47637418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heat flow of Uzbekistan: geology and interpretation","authors":"V. Zui, D. N. Andreyev, Khikmatilla Kh. Rakhmatullayev","doi":"10.33581/2521-6740-2020-1-95-105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33581/2521-6740-2020-1-95-105","url":null,"abstract":"The first determinations of the heat flow density in Uzbekistan, as well as in Central Asia as a whole, were carried out in the middle 1960s. In subsequent years, many researchers, primarily in connection with the search and exploration of oil and natural gas deposits, studied the geothermal field of the region. The data accumulated to date show a significant heterogeneity of the thermal field in both Uzbekistan and the adjacent territory of Central Asia. Rare wells were studied in the desert areas of Kyzyl Kum and Kara Kum. The heat flow in Uzbekistan varies over a wide range from 20–30 to approximately 100 mW/m2. Its high values are characteristic of intermountain depressions and blocks of the earth’s crust with a dense network of deep faults. The heat flow increases significantly in the southern and eastern parts of Uzbekistan, as well as in the neighbouring territories adjacent to the mountain structures of the Tien Shan and Pamir, characterized by high seismicity, tectonic and thermal activation. An updated map of the heat flow density of Uzbekistan was compiled and, separately for the Fergana Depression. They reflect a significant regional variability of the geothermal field. With the transition from the relatively flat territory of the Turanian Plate to mountain structures, the degree of differentiation by the heat flow increases significantly. This is typical of the entire orogenic Alpine-Himalayan Belt.","PeriodicalId":52778,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta Geografiia geologiia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45351705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of salt structures on the location of glacial valleys within the Pripyat Trough (Belarus)","authors":"Михаил Евгеньевич Комаровский","doi":"10.33581/2521-6740-2020-1-60-74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33581/2521-6740-2020-1-60-74","url":null,"abstract":"It was found that glacial valleys in the Pripyat Trough are connected with the location of the halokinetic structures of the Upper-Famennian salt strata. Valleys were noticed over salt structures, which developed during the Quaternary. The most part of valleys is over salt diapires, pillows and swells, rarer they occur within synclinales and troughs. Within local anticlinales valleys focus mainly in its tops and limbs, which have incline down glacier. Within salt synclinales valleys lie over its axis and limbs, which are connected with adjacent anticlinales. The most typical regularities of the glacial valleys localization within the salt structures is their close connection with active fault systems. These faults propagate upwards from the tops and flanks of diapires across the Upper-Famennian and supra-salt overburden into the Quaternary, where underlie the valleys. The developing of salt structures and faults during the Narev and Dnieper glaciations created weakness zones in glacial bed that facilitated erosion by the glaciers and subglacial melt water.","PeriodicalId":52778,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta Geografiia geologiia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41443085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}