Zhurnal Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta Geografiia geologiia最新文献

{"title":"Classification of mineral components of granitoid rocks by using methods of digital petrography and machine learning","authors":"Елена Анатольевна Василёнок","doi":"10.33581/2521-6740-2020-1-75-85","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33581/2521-6740-2020-1-75-85","url":null,"abstract":"Machine learning methods have begun to be used in petrography relatively recently. However, thanks to the rapid programming development, more powerful algorithms and tools appear, the use of which to solve petrographic tasks hasn’t yet been considered. That’s why the purpose of this work was to use modern machine learning methods to identify mineral components from macro images of rock samples, as well as to use digital image processing methods. This article presents the method of determination of quantitative characteristics and the method of classification of minerals on macro images of rocks. An open source program for analyzing and processing images ImageJ, and its plugin Trainable Weka Segmentation were used as a toolkit. Macro images are obtained by scanning polished granite samples. Seven macro images of various representatives of the granites were selected for the experiment. Training with a teacher was conducted, where the decision tree method was used for classification. Based on this data set, classes were created for each of the rock-forming minerals: quartz (Q), potassium feldspar (Fps), plagioclase (Pl) and biotite (Bi). Regions of interest were prepared and stored in one database on the basis of which the classifier was trained. Based on the obtained classification data, masks of each mineral were created. A quantitative analysis was performed based on these masks: the percentage content and amount of grains of each mineral were determined. Results are presented in tabular and graphical forms. ","PeriodicalId":52778,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta Geografiia geologiia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43932987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The current climate changes in Belarusian Polesje region: factors, consequences, projections","authors":"Ирина Сергеевна Данилович, В И Мельник, Беате Гейер","doi":"10.33581/2521-6740-2020-1-3-13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33581/2521-6740-2020-1-3-13","url":null,"abstract":"The study presents the pattern of climatic changes in the region of the Belarusian Polesje in current period and shows peculiarities of agricultural conditions on drained peat bogs during last decades. Also the climatic projections in the study region are presented with emphasize on agricultural indices. The climate changes in the region are synchronized with a global climate warming, and expressed more significant on the natural than drained areas. But at the same time a severe and extreme conditions for vegetation growth are more evident on the drained peat bogs. The precipitation sums exceeding have been noticed in the eastern part of the Belarusian Polesje in comparison with western part. The amelioration, deforestation and decrease of underlying surface roughness have led to wind speed growth and decrease of precipitation. The observed climate change tendencies will be kept in the current century. The growth of air temperature will continue, the largest deviations of the air temperature will be noticed in winter season. The deviations of minimal temperature will exceed deviations of maximal and mean temperature. The precipitation wills growth, but deviations will be heterogeneous during the current century. The largest growth of precipitation will be observed in winter season due to the rainfall of moderate intensity increase. But in the same time the duration of the drought periods will increase in summer.","PeriodicalId":52778,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta Geografiia geologiia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43496267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Types of underfit stream valleys on the territory of Belarus","authors":"T. Kalicki, A. Sanko, Yury Yu. Trifonov","doi":"10.33581/2521-6740-2019-2-108-120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33581/2521-6740-2019-2-108-120","url":null,"abstract":"According to the materials of geological and geomorphological mapping and the results of the analysis of remote sen sing data (ERS), the authors identify several types of valleys of underfit rivers in Belarus. They differ from each other according to their relief, features of sediment accumulation and stages of postglacial evolution of river valleys. Their sections are located in the section of the meltwater valleys and within outwash plains. Authors distinguish: Dnieperian type (one active and one dead channel of the valley), Drutian type (narrow fluvial and wide non-fluvial zones within one valley, the valley bends may resemble the channel bends of the palaeo-river that formed the valley), West Berezinian type with erosion and non-erosion variant (all stages of river development are presented – from braided channels through large mean ders to small meanders), the Palaeo-Islochian type (dead river channels, including meandering on the outwash plains).","PeriodicalId":52778,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta Geografiia geologiia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69454960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of organic carbon dynamics in podzolized chernozem soil in field crop rotation under the climate change","authors":"A. Polevoy, L. Bozko","doi":"10.33581/2521-6740-2019-2-65-78","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33581/2521-6740-2019-2-65-78","url":null,"abstract":"The work presents assessment of organic carbon in the soil and СО2 – C emissions for the ten-field crop rotation in a changing climate conditions. The expected weather conditions for the 2021–2050 are estimated with RCP4.5 and RCP8.5 models. The research uses the updated model for the soil carbon cycle RothC-26.3, which describes the dynamics of four active and one inert compartments of the soil organic matter. The numerical studies consider three variants of the ten-fields crops rotation: 1) growing crops without fertilizing; 2) fertilization with mineral fertilizers in N45 P45 K45 and N90P90K 90 doses; 3) fertilization with organic fertilizers in the amounts of 9 and 18 t/ha. The research object is the balance of organic carbon in the soil and СО2 – C emissions from all crop rotation fields and the singular crop rotation field in the climate change conditions.","PeriodicalId":52778,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta Geografiia geologiia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43452087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retailers of the Lviv region","authors":"Viktoria A. Klapchuk, R. Lozynskyy","doi":"10.33581/2521-6740-2019-2-52-61","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33581/2521-6740-2019-2-52-61","url":null,"abstract":"We analyzed trading networks operating in the territory of the Lviv region. Also we determined the fraction of each retailers in the general structure of the retailers by region coverage. The research objects are 251 modern trade establishments, represented by such formats as minimarket, supermarket, hypermarket, discounters and cash & carry. The article analyzes the spatial development of the retail chains of Lviv as the largest city in the Lviv region. Determination of geospatial organization of the Lviv retailers allow us to identify perspective areas for the development of retailers. In the course of the research, it was found that one of the key indicators, in addition to the numbers of networks, is the general trading area of their establishments, after all it reflects the possibilities of the retailer’s in customer service. The largest areas, as a rule, have establishments in international trade networks, somewhat smaller – national networks, the smallest, respectively, in local area networks. For getting the complete information about the area of the trading establishments we used GIS methods. According to the received results, it was determined that the largest average area of retail establishments has international trade networks, and despite their small number, their fraction from the general is one of the largest. Using different indicators we created a database for cluster analysis, which makes possible to combine regions and cities of regional significance into certain groups according to the similarity of indicators. According to the results of the analysis, the districts of Lviv region were divided into 6 groups, and cities of regional significance for 4 groups. Received results can be used to determine the accessibility of the population to modern trade establishments, thus showing the level of development of social benefits, and also to create the investment attractiveness of some districts of the Lviv region.","PeriodicalId":52778,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta Geografiia geologiia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47726546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Social geography of the public spaces: social environment vs peripherality","authors":"K. Mezentsev, N. Provotar, M. Palchuk","doi":"10.33581/2521-6740-2019-2-15-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33581/2521-6740-2019-2-15-24","url":null,"abstract":"Transformations of public spaces in different parts of the city have their own characteristics. The fate of public space in the center and on the periphery may seem to be a predetermined by location. But the changing social environment makes its own adjustments. This paper analyzes the influence of the social environment on the public spaces changing in the peripheral part of Kyiv. Research subject is the contemporary transformation of two green public spaces in Kyiv neighborhoods. The aim of the paper is to determine the peculiarities of green public spaces transformations in the peripheral part of Kyiv influenced by the social environment, to determine the nature of its impact on public spaces changes. Analysis of the transformation of public spaces in the peripheral part of Kyiv confirmed the decisive role of the social environment, which is manifesting through the needs of local residents, and made it possible to identify the main factors of change: local initiatives, web forums, cooperation with business, new construction, changes in the residents’ age and social structure, housing ownership. Based on the analysis of users’ perception of public spaces, their accessibility, use, image and integration it was determined the most problematic aspects of the functioning of Kyiv neighborhoods’ public spaces that require priority changes. All this determines the scientific novelty and relevance of the study of green public spaces on the periphery of the city in the context of the social environment of their evolution.","PeriodicalId":52778,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta Geografiia geologiia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43341407","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of thermal conditions on potato yield in the administrative regions of the Republic of Belarus","authors":"O. V. Davydenko, P. S. Lopukh","doi":"10.33581/2521-6740-2019-1-46-62","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33581/2521-6740-2019-1-46-62","url":null,"abstract":"The analysis of the dynamics of thermal conditions during 1961–1988 and 1989–2015, as well as the adjacent decade of the study period. Changes were estimated for the average temperatures of individual months of the year, high average and maximum daily temperatures, as well as for the duration of the active vegetation period and the sums of active temperatures. The established increase in average annual temperatures was 0.4 °С per decade. At the same time, in the first half of potato vegetation (May – June) the thermal trends are ambiguous, while in the second half (July – August) the increase of average air temperatures prevails. The increase in temperatures in the summer months is accompanied by an increase in the prevalence of negative thermal effects on potato yields, which is confirmed by negative correlation coefficients of potato yield deviations from trend lines and indicators such as the air temperature in July and the number of hot days (with an average temperature above 20 °С and a maximum temperature above 30 °С). Statistical reliability of correlation between potato yield deviations from trend lines and July temperatures is confirmed only in 1989 –2015 and covers 60 administrative districts. In these and most of the remaining areas, the correlation coefficients are negative. It is established that the proposed and justified critical value of the number of days with a maximum temperature above 30 °С (10 and more) determines more than a third of the negative deviations of potato yield in most of the country, and the probability of its negative impact in the modern period is 70 %. The decrease in average yield is 12.7 c/ha (8 %). It was found that the most unfavorable hot period occurs during the tuber formation and growth of potato tubers, in connection with which possible measures of adaptation of potatoes to temperature increase are proposed: the use of heat-resistant potato varieties, the shift of potato planting dates to earlier dates, irrigation (in the case of a combination of high temperatures with insufficient moisture).","PeriodicalId":52778,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta Geografiia geologiia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47347967","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis and forecast spatiotemporal distribution of thunderstorms and hail the territory of Belarus","authors":"P. S. Lopukh, Katsiaryna S. Berazhkova","doi":"10.33581/2521-6740-2019-1-35-45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33581/2521-6740-2019-1-35-45","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the study of the problem of ensuring the safety of aircraft during take-off and landing. Thunderstorm and hail is one of the most dangerous meteorological phenomena in aviation. To prevent accidents associated with these phenomena, it is necessary to clearly understand the patterns of their occurrence and spatial distribution. In connection with the rapid growth of passenger and cargo traffic, it is necessary to be able to receive and provide actual meteorological information in real mode, as well as to be able to receive high-quality and timely weather forecast. To study the spatial-temporal patterns of the distribution of thunderstorms and hail, Belgidromet’s meteorological instrumental data for 1989–2016 was processed, synoptic maps were analyzed in comparison with calculated forecasts, including WRF, and maps were made using ArcGIS.","PeriodicalId":52778,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta Geografiia geologiia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46518291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geothermal field and geology of the Caspian Sea region","authors":"Mansouri Far Siamak, V. Zui","doi":"10.33581/2521-6740-2019-1-104-118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33581/2521-6740-2019-1-104-118","url":null,"abstract":"The Caspian Sea and adjacent areas form the vast oil and gas-bearing megabasin. It consists of North Caspian, Middle Caspian, and South Caspian sedimentary basins. The granite-metamorphic basement of the basins becomes from north to south younger in the direction from Early Precambrian to Early Cimmerian age. It represents a transitional zone from the southern edge of the East European Craton to Alpine folding. Geothermal investigations have been carried out both in hundreds of deep boreholes and within the Caspian Sea and a few preliminary heat flow maps were published for the Caspian Sea region. All they excluded from consideration the southern part of the region within Iranian national borders. We prepared a new heat flow map including the northern Iran. The purpose of the article is to consider heat flow pattern within the whole Caspian Sea region including its southern part. Two vast high heat flow anomalies above 100 mW/m2 distinguished in the map: within the southwestern Iran and in waters of the Caspian Sea to the North of the Apsheron Ridge, separated by elongated strip of heat flow below 50 –55 mW/m 2 . A general tendency of heat flow from growing was distinguished from the Precambrian crustal blocks of the North Caspian Depression to the Alpine folding within the territory of Iran. Analysis of the heat flow pattern is discussed and two heat flow density profiles were compiled.","PeriodicalId":52778,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta Geografiia geologiia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42106103","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Regional features of development of retail in the Republic of Belarus","authors":"N. Sheleg, Pavel L. Belakhvost","doi":"10.33581/2521-6740-2019-1-63-72","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33581/2521-6740-2019-1-63-72","url":null,"abstract":"A geographical analysis of the distribution of trade networks in the administrative districts of Belarus is given in the article. An assessment of the attractiveness of the regions of the country for retailers, incl. retail trade. The geographical structure of the largest retail trade network has been revealed. The dominance of individual retail chains in the segments of the sale of goods was determined. It has been established that the most developed regions in terms of trade are the largest cities and districts in terms of population and turnover. The modern trend of geographical expansion of trade networks in small and medium-sized regions of Belarus was noted. On an example of the largest trading networks the diffusion of expansion of trading territories is shown. The conclusion is drawn that, given the existing territorial structure, the development of new trade networks in most regions of the country is currently difficult and limited.","PeriodicalId":52778,"journal":{"name":"Zhurnal Belorusskogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta Geografiia geologiia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42770762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}