Journal of Affective Disorders Reports最新文献

{"title":"Affective temperament, attachment style and life events related to abandonment in an Italian sample with somatic symptoms","authors":"Carmela Mento ,&nbsp;Clara Lombardo ,&nbsp;Chiara La Barbiera ,&nbsp;Simone Minossi ,&nbsp;Maria Catena Silvestri ,&nbsp;Abed Hadipour Lakmehsari ,&nbsp;Fiammetta Iannuzzo ,&nbsp;Giovanni Genovese ,&nbsp;Maria Rosaria Anna Muscatello ,&nbsp;Toshio Kawai","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100845","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100845","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study investigates the psychological factors influencing somatic symptoms following the end of a romantic relationship. We hypothesize that affective temperaments may predict attachment styles and depressive rumination components in individuals who have experienced abandonment. Furthermore, we postulate that gender differences exist in the variables under investigation.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>The administered tests included: Temperament Evaluation of Memphis, Pisa, Paris and San Diego Questionnaire (TEMPS-A), Attachment Style Questionnaire (ASQ) and Ruminative Response Scale (RRS). The differences between the groups were assessed using Student's <em>t</em>-test for independent samples. In addition, regression analysis, in which the RRS (Brooding, Reflection and Depression) and ASQ (Confidence, Discomfort with Closeness, Need for Approval, Preoccupation with Relationships, and Relationships as Secondary) variables were considered dependent variables and all the TEMPS-A factors were included in the equation.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Subjects at the end of a love affair presented the following psychosomatic symptoms: difficulty breathing, chest pain, feeling faint, sweating, dizziness, fatigue, palpitations, air hunger, difficulty sleeping, and swollen legs and ankles. The Anxious and Hyperthymic temperaments were negative predictors of the ruminative depressive dimension, and of “Confidence” and “Discomfort with Closeness” in the ASQ. The Cyclothymic and Anxious temperaments were predictors of “Discomfort with Closeness”, “Need for Approval”, “Preoccupation with Relationships”, and “Relationships as Secondary”.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Affective temperaments play a crucial role in determining how an individual deals abandonment in a romantic relationship, significantly influencing attachment styles and the tendency towards depressive rumination.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100845"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142427038","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Global prevalence of obsessive-compulsive disorder in pregnancy and postpartum: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Nader Salari ,&nbsp;Sina Sharifi ,&nbsp;Masoud Hassanabadi ,&nbsp;Fateme Babajani ,&nbsp;Habibolah Khazaie ,&nbsp;Masoud Mohammadi","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100846","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100846","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>One of the most important challenges during pregnancy and postpartum is physical and emotional changes, including obsessive compulsive disorder. The aim of the current study is to investigate the global prevalence of obsessive-compulsive disorder during pregnancy and postpartum through a systematic review and meta-analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this research, a systematic search was conducted in several electronic databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar search engine. The search was conducted until March 2023 to find studies on the prevalence of obsessive-compulsive disorder during pregnancy and after giving birth. The Random Effects Model was used to perform the analysis and the heterogeneity of the studies was evaluated using the I² index. Also, Comprehensive Meta-Analysis Software version 2.0 was used for data analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In a review of 21 studies with a volume of 2<span><span>Fairbrother et al., 2016</span></span>581 people, the prevalence of obsessive-compulsive disorder during pregnancy was reported as 9.1 (95 %CI: 5.2–15.6). Also, in a review of 12 studies with a volume of 7649 people, the prevalence of obsessive-compulsive disorder in postpartum period was reported as 6.2 (95 % CI: 4–9.5).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Based on the findings of the meta-analysis, it was revealed that in the context of pregnancy and postpartum, the prevalence of obsessive-compulsive disorder is a significant concern. Hence, more attention and support of clinicians who care for women in this period is essential. By proactively reducing the complications of OCD in both women and their infants, society can work toward ensuring positive health outcomes for all.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100846"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142357621","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Online anti-stigma interventions for mental health help-seeking in young people: A systematic review","authors":"Laura Williams,&nbsp;Warren Bartik,&nbsp;Suzie Cosh","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100841","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100841","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Young people (14–25 years) have the lowest tendency to seek mental health services, despite being the population with the highest prevalence of mental illness. Past help-seeking literature frequently identifies stigma as a key barrier to accessing services within this age group. As young people use the internet as their predominant source for health information, this systematic review aimed to examine the effectiveness of online anti-stigma interventions on reducing young people's self-stigma and perceived public stigma towards mental health help-seeking.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>A search was conducted on four electronic databases, PsycINFO, PsycARTICLES, CINAHL, and PubMed in February 2023. Eligible studies contained: (i) participants between the ages of 14 and 25 years; (ii) were conducted online and utilised anti-stigma (self-stigma and/or public) intervention methods for mental health help-seeking; (iii) assessed changes in help-seeking attitudes, intentions, or behaviours for common mental health problems of depression, anxiety, emotional distress, self-harm, or suicidal thoughts. Six studies were eligible for this review.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Online anti-stigma interventions were mostly successful in reducing public stigma, and to a lesser degree self-stigma, and in improving young people's help-seeking intentions with some evidence also suggesting positive trends regarding increases in help-seeking behaviour and improved attitudes.</div></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><div>Due to limited eligible studies and the heterogeneity of the research, generalisations should be made with caution.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This review demonstrates the need for higher quality evaluations that utilise health behaviour models and can effectively assess the interplay between relevant variables and allow for the assessment of long-term intervention effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100841"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142357620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Non-invasive, non-convulsive brain stimulation beyond TMS and ECT in late-life mental disorders: A systematic review","authors":"Christian Wellnhofer ,&nbsp;Claudia Preuschhof","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100844","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100844","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This systematic review aims to present a comprehensive overview of research studies investigating non-invasive, non-convulsive neuromodulation techniques, beyond transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), for addressing late-life mental disorders typically occurring in outpatient settings in individuals aged 60 years and older.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A systematic literature search was performed on four databases yielding 5022 records: PubMed, EBSCO (APA PsycInfo, APA PsycArticles, Psychology and Behavioral Sciences Collection, PSYNDEX Literature with PSYNDEX Tests), Cochrane Library and Scopus.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 21 study records were included in this systematic review, comprising 6 study trials, of which only two were randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and 21 case reports extracted from the remaining 15 records. The predominant interventions investigated across the studies included transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS), trigeminal nerve stimulation (TNS), and photobiomodulation (PBM). These interventions were primarily explored in the context of geriatric depression, but also in bipolar disorder, schizoaffective disorder, catatonic schizophrenia, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).</div></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><div>The limited amount of data, biases in conducted studies and a lack of generalizability (e.g., many case reports) currently prevent quantitatively supported evaluations of the interventions in the older population.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Non-invasive, non-convulsive neuromodulation techniques for late-life mental disorders receive growing research interest. There is, however, a lack of adequately powered and well-designed high-quality studies for older age groups. Overall tDCS, TNS and PBM appeared to be safe and well-tolerated. Considering age-related challenges in pharmacological or psychotherapeutic interventions, non-invasive neuromodulation could be a promising treatment option.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100844"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142323104","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Amelioration of suicidal ideation in routine care psychotherapy: Preliminary findings from a large multicenter assessment","authors":"T. Teismann ,&nbsp;E.L. Brakemeier ,&nbsp;T. Brockmeyer ,&nbsp;H. Christiansen ,&nbsp;L. Fehm ,&nbsp;T. Forkmann ,&nbsp;J. Glombiewski ,&nbsp;J. Heider ,&nbsp;A. Hermann ,&nbsp;J. Hoyer ,&nbsp;T. In-Albon ,&nbsp;T. Kaiser ,&nbsp;T. Klucken ,&nbsp;T.M. Lincoln ,&nbsp;W. Lutz ,&nbsp;J. Margraf ,&nbsp;P. Odyniec ,&nbsp;A. Pedersen ,&nbsp;B. Renneberg ,&nbsp;J. Rubel ,&nbsp;J. Velten","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100843","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100843","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Suicidal ideation represents a major concern in clinical practice. Yet, little is known about the effects of routine psychotherapy on the amelioration of suicidal ideation. Therefore, the aim of the current study is to assess mental disorder-specific changes of suicidal ideation in a large sample of adult outpatients undergoing routine-care cognitive-behavioural therapy in Germany.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of <em>N</em> = 4549 adult outpatients, 64.2% female; age: <em>M(SD)</em> = 36.83 (14.03), range: 18–89 years of age, who completed cognitive-behavioral therapy at one of 26 outpatient clinics in Germany were included in the current study. Amelioration of suicidal ideation was assessed using the Suicide Item (Item 9) of the Beck-Depression Inventory.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Suicidal ideation was reported by 36.7% of the patients pretreatment and by 17.6% posttreatment. Effect sizes were small to moderate (<em>d</em> = 0.25 -0.51) and 4.4% reported an increase in suicidal ideation. Residual suicidal ideation at the posttreatment assessment was more likely in patients diagnosed with recurrent Major Depression, Dystymia, and Borderline Personality Disorder, and older patients.</div></div><div><h3>Limitation</h3><div>The study relies on a naturalistic sample, no waitlist or control conditions were involved.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Across primary diagnoses, a significant proportion of patients experience an amelioration of suicidal ideation over the course of routine-care psychotherapy. Still, a substantial proportion of patients report no change or an increase in suicidal ideation during treatment. Thus, continuous monitoring of suicidal ideation appears to be imperative throughout the psychotherapeutic process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100843"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142319968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Acute neuroaxonal remodelling after electroconvulsive treatment in patients with major depressive disorder: A pilot study","authors":"Francesco Bavato ,&nbsp;Lena Mehnert ,&nbsp;Erich Seifritz ,&nbsp;Malek Bajbouj ,&nbsp;Simone Grimm ,&nbsp;Boris B. Quednow","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100842","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100842","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an effective treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD). Neurofilament light chain (NfL) is a novel blood marker of neuroaxonal integrity, which is altered in some psychiatric disorders including MDD. Prior studies reported no long-term impact of ECT on NfL levels, but the acute effects are unclear yet. Therefore, we investigated serum NfL levels from 19 single ECT sessions in 13 patients with MDD. We found an acute increase in NfL levels post-ECT (Cohen's d=0.45), suggesting transient cytoskeletal remodelling in axons. Further research is needed to ascertain if these transient changes correspond to treatment response or side effects such as cognitive impairment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100842"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142357619","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive defusion as a mediator in the autobiographical memory and metacognitive awareness pathway to problem-solving in borderline personality disorder","authors":"Barzan Soleimani ,&nbsp;Kamran Yazdanbakhsh ,&nbsp;Anvar Dastbaz","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100837","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100837","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Problem-solving ability is influenced by numerous cognitive factors. However, a significant research gap exists regarding the mediating role of cognitive defusion in the relationship between autobiographical memory (AM) and metacognitive awareness with problem-solving. Given the critical role of problem-solving, this study aimed to model the relationship between AM and metacognitive awareness with problem-solving, considering the mediating role of cognitive defusion in individuals with borderline personality disorder (BPD).</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>The study population comprised all individuals with BPD referred to counseling centers and psychiatric clinics in Kurdistan province. A sample of 300 individuals diagnosed with BPD according to the DSM-V and willing to participate was selected. All data were collected using self-report questionnaires.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Path analysis results indicated that AM and metacognitive awareness had a significant positive direct effect on both problem-solving and cognitive defusion. Additionally, cognitive defusion significantly mediated the relationships between AM and metacognitive awareness with problem-solving.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>These findings provide evidence for the significant roles of AM and metacognitive awareness in problem-solving, with cognitive defusion acting as a crucial mediating factor in individuals with BPD. these results offer valuable insights for both theoretical understanding and clinical interventions, which could enhance problem-solving skills in individuals with BPD by strengthening cognitive defusion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100837"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142323156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A comparison of challenging and positive caregiving experiences for caregivers of individuals with schizophrenia spectrum and bipolar disorders","authors":"George J. Karambelas ,&nbsp;Kelly A. Allott ,&nbsp;Linda K. Byrne ,&nbsp;Anuradhi Jayasinghe ,&nbsp;Melissa Hasty ,&nbsp;Craig Macneil ,&nbsp;Amity E. Watson ,&nbsp;Kate Filia ,&nbsp;Sue M. Cotton","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100840","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100840","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Caregivers of people with serious mental illness experience challenges that may affect their mental health. Few researchers have explored whether positive or negative caregiver experiences differ due to disorder characteristics of the person receiving care. We aimed to determine whether caregiver appraisals and psychological functioning differed between caregivers of those diagnosed with schizophrenia spectrum (SSD) and bipolar disorder (BD).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Caregivers of people with SSD and BD participated in an online self-report survey assessing appraisals, distress, anxiety, depression, and psychological wellbeing. Independent samples <em>t</em>-tests and multivariate generalised linear models determined group differences, and Pearson correlation coefficients and Fisher <em>z-</em>score transformations determined differences in the strength of correlations between groups.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>108 caregivers participated in the study. Caregivers of people with SSD reported significantly greater negative appraisals of the care recipient's negative symptoms and dependency. Caregivers did not differ on positive appraisals. Both groups reported moderate distress, mild anxiety and depression, and moderate psychological wellbeing, but did not differ. Higher negative caregiver appraisals were more strongly associated with higher distress, anxiety and depression, and lower psychological wellbeing, for caregivers of those with SSD than BD.</div></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><div>Small between group sample sizes, and analyses may have been moderated by significant demographic differences between groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Caregivers can experience difficulties associated with their role, and some differences may be attributed to the care recipient's disorder. Future research and interventions should consider specific disorder characteristics, such as symptom profiles, to better support caregivers in having their specific needs addressed whilst themselves providing care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100840"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2666915324001264/pdfft?md5=fda22b9884751b721db5e34e00d71cf0&pid=1-s2.0-S2666915324001264-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142314849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gender matters for daily depression: Symptom fluctuations and links to self-expression","authors":"Ran Yan ,&nbsp;Natasha Chaku ,&nbsp;Nestor L. Lopez-Duran ,&nbsp;Patricia J. Deldin ,&nbsp;Adriene M. Beltz","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100839","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100839","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Depression is a global health burden, disproportionately affecting women. A lack of contextual, real-life assessments considering the oft-gendered context (e.g., expression) of daily symptom fluctuations may contribute to this disparity. The current study examines: a) gender differences in daily depressive symptoms – and fluctuations; and b) daily links between self-perceived gender expression and depressive symptoms.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Established adults (<em>N</em> = 96; <em>M_age</em> = 28.19, <em>SD_age</em> = 8.43) participated in an ecologically-valid multi-wave 100-day intensive longitudinal study. They reported daily on their depressive symptoms, and on their self-expression in the final study wave. Gender differences in daily symptoms fluctuations (intraindividual standard deviations) and their links to gender expression (person-specific residualized correlations) were examined.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Women experienced greater day-to-day symptom fluctuations than men, after accounting for the gender difference in baseline symptoms (<em>b</em> = -0.05; 95 % CI: [-0.093, -0.012]). Results from a subsample (<em>n</em> = 28) showed that daily links between gender expression and depressive symptoms were heterogeneous: For 38.5 % of men and 53.3 % of women, daily increases in congruent gender expressions (i.e., masculine for men and feminine for women) corresponded with daily symptom decreases, but many individuals (46.4 %) did not show meaningful relations.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Results highlight the utility of intensive longitudinal approaches for the study of depression and, for some people, the daily psychological relations with gender self-perceptions. Results also emphasize heterogeneity in depression etiology and the need for personalized basic and applied science.</div></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><div>Future research on individuals with varying gender identities and clinical experiences is needed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100839"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142441992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Herpes simplex reactivation triggers symptom exacerbation in patients with major depressive disorder","authors":"Ehraz Anis ,&nbsp;LeAnn Smart ,&nbsp;Colt Capan ,&nbsp;Cameron Forton ,&nbsp;Martha L Escobar Galvis ,&nbsp;Qiong Sha ,&nbsp;Eric Achtyes ,&nbsp;Lena Brundin","doi":"10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100838","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100838","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Herpes Simplex Virus (HSV) infection has been linked to depression, but the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown. We hypothesized that recurring HSV infection could exacerbate depressive symptomatology via activation of the immune response and the kynurenine pathway in patients with Major Depressive Disorder (MDD).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>32 MDD patients and 17 psychiatrically healthy individuals with a history of HSV recurrence were enrolled into the study. Blood samples were obtained, and psychiatric symptom severity was assessed at three separate visits- asymptomatic, active infection, and follow-up. Plasma levels of tryptophan metabolite levels were measured using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS), and inflammation-associated proteins were measured using high sensitivity electrochemiluminescence.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There was a significant effect of infection recurrence on IFN-γ and sICAM-1 levels, the latter being influenced by MDD diagnosis. This indicates that the effect of infection on sICAM-1 levels differs between control and depressed groups, although post hoc analysis suggests that interaction effect might be subtle. Infection recurrence had a significant effect on the reactivity of psychiatric symptoms. Finally, there was a positive correlation between levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-10 and IL-13 and depression severity in the cohort during infection recurrence.</div></div><div><h3>Limitations</h3><div>Relatively small sample size, limited number of male participants, and the relatively weak inflammatory stimuli studied.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>MDD patients might react with an exacerbation of symptoms along with elevations of inflammatory markers during HSV recurrence. Further, the association with symptom severity indicates that therapeutic modulation of inflammation may be beneficial in patients with MDD, especially during active infections.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":52768,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Affective Disorders Reports","volume":"18 ","pages":"Article 100838"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142323158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}