失业的心理影响：关于认知控制、情绪调节和痛苦的前瞻性研究

Q3 Psychology

Journal of Affective Disorders Reports Pub Date : 2024-10-18 DOI:10.1016/j.jadr.2024.100848

Nathan Van den Bergh , Igor Marchetti , Kristof Hoorelbeke , Alvaro Sanchez-Lopez , Rudi De Raedt , Ernst H.W. Koster

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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景人们在如何应对重大压力方面存在着重要的个体差异。尽管情绪调节和认知控制在应激恢复力和应激易感性中起着关键作用，但直接调查这些关系的研究相对较少，比如在面临失业等重大应激时。方法目前这项预先登记的研究旨在前瞻性地测试中介假设，即基线认知控制（通过认知任务的表现来评估）和自我报告的努力控制可预测情绪调节（后续研究1），进而预测内化症状或应激恢复力（后续研究2）。我们使用路径模型对 84 名失业者的数据进行了分析：一个是基于主要结果测量（重复性消极思维以及抑郁、焦虑和压力症状）的路径模型，另一个是基于次要问卷结果测量（积极思维方式和复原力）的路径模型。结果研究结果表明，在调查失业者的情绪症状时，努力控制和认知控制是需要考虑的相关远端因素。结论当前的研究表明，认知因素和情绪调节是如何对面临失业时的情绪困扰和恢复能力产生影响的。

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Psychological effects of unemployment: A prospective study on cognitive control, emotion regulation, and distress

Background

Important individual differences exist in how people respond to major stressors. Despite the key roles attributed to emotion regulation and cognitive control in resilience and vulnerability to stress, relatively few studies have directly investigated these relationships upon confrontation with major stressors, such as unemployment.

Methods

The current preregistered study set out to prospectively test mediational hypotheses, in which baseline cognitive control (assessed by performance on a cognitive task) and self-reported effortful control predict emotion regulation (follow-up 1), in turn predicting internalizing symptomatology or resilience (follow-up 2). Data of 84 people confronted with unemployment were analyzed using path models: one based on primary outcome measures (repetitive negative thinking and symptoms of depression, anxiety and stress) and one based on secondary questionnaire outcome measures (positive thinking style and resilience).

Results

The results show that effortful control and cognitive control are relevant distal factors to consider when investigating emotional symptoms in the unemployed.