Forum Arkeologi最新文献

{"title":"IDENTIFIKASI DAN PEMAKNAAN RELIEF FLORA PADA TINGGALAN ARKEOLOGI DI LERENG BARAT GUNUNG LAWU","authors":"Heri Purwanto, C. P. Titasari","doi":"10.24832/fa.v32i2.580","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24832/fa.v32i2.580","url":null,"abstract":"The holy building religious in the past founded in Indonesia equipped with various componens. One of the componens that to interesting for talking is relief. the temples is locatated in western slope Mount Lawu much to contain various kinds of relief, but this study want to identify the kind of type of flora that enshrined in the form of relief as well as looking for the functions and benefits. Data collection was done through observation and literature review. Data analysis was using qualitative and contextual. This research managed to identify twelve the kinds of relief is coconut, jackfruit, eggplant, areca nut, durian, lotus, banyan tree, wine, plants spread, silk cotton tree, bulging, banana?. This flora reliefs carved in different places is in the housing, the grave, and the forest. The function showed is for beautify temple building, showed environment in the past, and function link to religious. The past peoples that lived in research site to using flora to the foods, medicine, and holy ritual. Bangunan suci keagamaan masa lalu yang ditemukan di Indonesia dilengkapi dengan berbagai komponen. Salah satu komponen yang menarik untuk dibicarakan adalah relief. Candi-candi yang terletak di Lereng Barat Gunung Lawu mengandung berbagai jenis relief, namun studi ini lebih memfokuskan terhadap relief tumbuh-tumbuhan. Untuk itu penelitian ini ingin mengidentifikasi jenis-jenis flora yang diabadikan dalam bentuk relief serta menelusuri fungsi dan manfaatnya. Metode pengumpulan data yang digunakan meliputi observasi dan kajian pustaka. Analisis yang digunakan ialah kualitatif dan kontekstual. Penelitian ini berhasil mengindentifikasi duabelas jenis flora yaitu kelapa, nangka, terung, pinang, durian, teratai, beringin, anggur, tumbuhan menjalar, randu, kepuh, dan pisang?. Relief-relief flora ini dipahatkan diberbagai lokasi baik di perumahan, kuburan, maupun hutan. Fungsi yang ditunjukkan adalah untuk memperindah bangunan candi, menunjukkan lingkungan masa lalu, dan fungsi dalam kaitan keagamaan. Masyarakat masa lalu yang hidup di situs penelitian memanfaatkan berbagai jenis flora untuk bahan makanan, obat-obatan, dan upakara.","PeriodicalId":52717,"journal":{"name":"Forum Arkeologi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43669671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PENGARUH BANGUNAN UMA LENGGE TERHADAP KEHIDUPAN SOSIAL DAN BUDAYA MASYARAKAT DESA MARIA KECAMATAN WAWO KABUPATEN BIMA","authors":"Chrisantya Angelita, Renhard Fernandus Manurung, Ni Made Yuni Sugiantari, Adinda Sanita Putri Khinari, R. A. Bawono","doi":"10.24832/FA.V32I1.552","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24832/FA.V32I1.552","url":null,"abstract":"Uma Lengge building is traditional building in Bima District West Nusa Tenggara which functions as the residence of Mbojo tribe and place to store food. The study aims to analyze the characteristics and relation of Uma Lengge buildings with the social and cultural life of Maria Village. The approach used in this study is archaeological approach with qualitative descriptive method. The study began with collecting data through literature study, direct observation, and interviews. The trapezoidal part of the roof with legs, has two pieces of crossing each other at each end of the ridge with bamboo material. The door leads to Mecca. The front part of the house may not be faced with another houses. Uma Lengge has three main parts such as the foundation, the first floor and second floors. The building of Uma Lengge has links with social values such as the value of mutual cooperation, value of hospitality, value of deliberation, value of helping and cultural values in Ampa Fare ceremony and inter dowry ceremony. Bangunan Uma Lengge merupakan bangunan tradisional di Kabupaten Bima Nusa Tenggara Barat. Bangunan ini berfungsi untuk tempat tinggal masyarakat suku Mbojo sekaligus tempat menyimpan bahan makanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis karakteristik serta keterkaitan bangunan Uma Lengge terhadap kehidupan sosial dan kebudayaan masyarakat Desa Maria. Pendekatan yang digunakan adalah pendekatan arkeologi dengan metode deskriptif kualitatif. Penelitian dimulai dengan melakukan pengumpulan data melalui studi pustaka, pengamatan secara langsung di lapangan, melakukan wawancara untuk data penelitian melalui informan. Diperoleh data pada bagian atap bangunan berbentuk trapesium sama kaki serta memiliki dua buah wanga yang saling menyilang pada setiap ujung bubungan atap dengan bahan bambu. Bagian pintu bangunan arah hadap mengarah ke Mekah, bagian depan bangunan tidak boleh berhadapan dengan bagian depan bangunan di sekitar tetapi bertolak belakang terhadap bangunan lainnya. Bangunan Uma Lengge memiliki tiga bagian utama seperti bagian pondasi, lantai satu dan lantai dua sekaligus atap. Bangunan Uma Lengge memiliki keterkaitan dengan nilai sosial kehidupan masyarakat Maria seperti; nilai gotong royong; nilai silahturrahmi; nilai musyawarah; nilai tolong menolong dan keterkaitan pada nilai kebudayaan dalam kehidupan masyarakat Desa Maria seperti; upacara Ampa Fare dan upacara mengantar mahar.","PeriodicalId":52717,"journal":{"name":"Forum Arkeologi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41947493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NILAI KESUBURAN TRADISI BUKAKAK DI DESA PAKRAMAN SANGSIT DANGIN YEH, SAWAN, BULELENG","authors":"I. M. Purna","doi":"10.24832/FA.V32I1.543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24832/FA.V32I1.543","url":null,"abstract":"Ethnic Balinese in Sangsit Pakraman Village, Sawan Subdistrict, Buleleng Regency had adaptive abilities that are manifested in the form of Bukakak traditions. The problem that will be revealed in the context of preserving the Bukakak tradition is, 1) the form of Bukakak tradition, 2) the values of Bukakak tradition. The purpose of the study is to know the origin, and understand the benefits and values contained in the Bukakak tradition. The approach used to examine the Bukakak tradition, namely, Cultural Ecology which contains ‘grace’ in accordance with beliefs and faith of its supporting community. This study uses qualitative interpretative method. The organization of this tradition is centered on Gunung Sekar Temple so that religious values and solidarity are the main objectives. Because it is not surprising that this tradition was born based on the view of cosmology in the form of ‘cili’ and Lingga-Yoni, that this nature is fertile built by the motherland (predana) and the sky (akasa-purusa). The conclusion of this research is that the implementation of the Bukakak tradition is very important because it evokes the work ethic of the farmer in addition to integrate the farming community and other professions in Sangsit Dangin Yeh Pakraman Village. Etnis Bali yang berada di Desa Pakraman Sangsit, Kecamatan Sawan, Kabupaten Buleleng telah memiliki kemampuan beradaptasi denganalam yang diwujudnyatakan dalam bentuk tradisi Bukakak. Masalah yang akan diungkap dalam rangka pelestarian tradisi Bukakak yaitu, 1) Bentuk tradisi Bukakak, 2) Nilai-nilai dalam tradisi Bukakak. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui asal-usul, dan memahami, manfaat dan nilai yang dikandung dalan tradisi Bukakak. Pendekatan yang digunakan untuk mengkaji tradisi Bukakak yakni, Ekologi Budaya yang mengandung ‘rahmat’ sesuai dengan kepercayaan dan keyakinan masyarakat pendukungnya. Penelitian ini mempergunakan metode qualitative interpretative. Penyelenggaraan tradisi ini dipusatkan di Pura Gunung Sekar sehingga, nilai religius dan solidaritas menjadi tujuan utama. Karena itu tidak mengherankan kalau tradisi ini lahir didasari pandangan kosmologi dalam bentuk cili dan Lingga-Yoni. Bahwa alam ini subur yang dibangun oleh ibu pertiwi (predana) dan langit (akasapurusa). Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini penyelenggaraan tradisi Bukakak menjadi amat penting karena membangkitkan etos kerja petani disamping mengintegrasikan masyarakat petani dan profesi lain di Desa Pakraman Sangsit Dangin Yeh.","PeriodicalId":52717,"journal":{"name":"Forum Arkeologi","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41366549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SEJARAH DAN PROSPEK PENGEMBANGAN SITUS KAPAL KARAM WAIRTERANG, SIKKA, NUSA TENGGARA TIMUR","authors":"I. W. Sumerata, Ida Ayu Gede Megasuari Indria, U. J. Wisha","doi":"10.24832/FA.V32I1.559","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24832/FA.V32I1.559","url":null,"abstract":"Indonesia has very large water areas and dense maritime activities which is very rich in underwater archeological remains. These artefacts certainly have the significance value of history, science, and culture. One of the potential underwater archaeological remains found is the site of Waiterang shipwreck in Sikka District, East Nusa Tenggara Province. This paper aims to determine the importance of the shipwreck, therefore public could understand the historical event which happened there. Data collection is done through exploration, surveys, interviews, and then associated with relevant literatures. Exploration is carried out on primary archeological data and environmental data at the seabed and the surrounding area. Land surveys are carried out to observe archaeological remains in this area, while underwater surveys are carried out by diving techniques using SCUBA (Self Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus) equipment. The data were analyzed by descriptive, comparative, and oceanographic analysis methods. The results showed that the ship sunken during the Japanese occupation of Indonesia. The existence of a shipwreck at Wairterang has potential development of special interest of the underwater tourism and local history subject for educational purposes. Indonesia memiliki wilayah perairan yang sangat luas dan aktivitas maritim yang padat sehingga sangat kaya akan tinggalan arkeologi bawah air. Tinggalan tersebut tentunya memiliki siginifikansi informasi yang berkaitan dengan sejarah, ilmu pengetahuan, dan kebudayaan. Salah satu potensi tinggalan arkeologi bawah air yang ditemukan adalah situs kapal karam Waiterang yang terdapat di Kabupaten Sikka, Nusa Tenggara Timur. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui nilai penting dari kapal karam tersebut agar dipahami oleh masyarakat bahwa pada masa lalu di wilayah ini pernah terjadi suatu peristiwa sejarah. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui eksplorasi, survei, wawancara, dan kemudian dikaitkan dengan literatur yang relevan. Eksplorasi dilakukan terhadap data arkeologi primer dan data lingkungan, yaitu artefak-artefak di dasar laut dan kawasan sekitarnya. Survei darat dilakukan untuk mengobservasi tinggalan arkeologi yang terdapat di wilayah ini, sedangkan survei bawah air dilakukan dengan teknik selam dengan menggunakan alat SCUBA (Self Contained Underwater Breathing Apparatus). Data yang diperoleh selanjutnya dianalisis dengan metode analisis deskriptif, komparatif, dan analisis oceanografi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kapal tersebut karam pada masa pendudukan Jepang di Indonesia. Keberadaan kapal karam di Wairterang tersebut memiliki potensi untuk pengembangan wisata bawah air minat khusus dan juga perlu ditambahkan dalam mata pelajaran sejarah lokal di daerah.","PeriodicalId":52717,"journal":{"name":"Forum Arkeologi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48030658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PENDEKATAN EKOLOGI DALAM PERMUKIMAN KUNO SITUS DORO MANTO","authors":"I. N. Rema, nfn Syafrudin","doi":"10.24832/FA.V32I1.557","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24832/FA.V32I1.557","url":null,"abstract":"The Doro Manto site located in Hu’u District, Dompu Regency, West Nusa Tenggara. It has a perfected settlement culture that needs to be revealed. This study aims to find out the ancient settlements at Doro Manto Site through traces that are still found today. This research is qualitative research with an ecological approach. The data of this study were collected through literature studies and direct observation at Doro Manto Site. After the data is collected, it is analyzed and concluded. The results of this study are in the form of the spread of pottery sherds and stone holes located at the top of Doro Manto; throne of ncuhi on the slope; stone shower, stone stairs, hollow stones with a platform above it, grave with a cover in the form of a large stone and ‘batu gong’ as grave goods. There are also findings of ceramics and Chinese coin at the base of Doro Manto; rice fields and rivers downstream. Based on the results of these studies it can be seen that the Doro Manto Site is an ancient settlement site that utilizes high hills, with the application of local genius leka dana. Situs Doro Manto terletak di Kecamatan Hu,u, Kabupaten Dompu, Nusa Tengara Barat, memiliki budaya permukiman yang adiluhung yang perlu diungkap. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui permukiman kuno yang ada di Situs Doro Manto melalui jejak-jejak yang masih ditemukan saat ini. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif, dengan pendekatan ekologi. Data penelitian ini dikumpulkan melalui studi pustaka dan observasi langsung di Situs Doro Manto. Setelah data terkumpul, kemudian dianalisis dan disimpulkan. Hasil penelitian ini berupa sebaran kereweng dan lubang-lubang batu yang terletak di puncak Doro Manto; tahta ncuhi di lereng; pancuran batu, batu tangga, batu berlubang dengan tonjolan di atasnya, kubur dengan penutup berupa batu besar dan batu gong dengan bekal kubur, terdapat pula temuan keramik dan uang kepeng di pangkal Doro Manto; areal persawahan dan sungai pada bagian hilir. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut dapat diketahui bahwa Situs Doro Manto merupakan situs permukiman kuno masa ncuhi yang memanfaatkan bukit tinggi, dengan penerapan lokal genius leka dana.","PeriodicalId":52717,"journal":{"name":"Forum Arkeologi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41722974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PENGARCAAN DEWA WISNU PADA MASA HINDU-BUDDHA DI BALI (ABAD VII-XIV MASEHI)","authors":"I. K. S. W. Darma","doi":"10.24832/FA.V32I1.548","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24832/FA.V32I1.548","url":null,"abstract":"Figurine of goddess Vishnu is an archaeological remain of Hindu-Buddhist period that rarely found in Bali. This research examines the variation of iconography, as well as the role and the position of Vishnu in the Hindu-Buddhist period in Bali in VII-XIV Century AD. The purpose of this research is to reconstruct the history of Balinese culture in the past, especially in the religion aspect. The methods of data collection are literature study, observation and interviews as well as data processing through the analysis of comparative iconography, and iconoplastic. The theory that used to assist analysis is a theory of religious iconology and iconography of Erwin Panofsky. Based on the results of the study found that there is a variation of the iconography on the statues of Vishnu in Hindu-Buddhist period in Bali. The variation can be seen in the variety of depictions of jewelry, clothing, “laksana” and posture. There are also variations for the iconography that caused by the factors of the ability and creativity of the artists, social restriction, cultural influence and raw material of the statue. The role and position of Vishnu in the Hindu-Buddhist period in Bali as a protector and preserver. His position is important although it is not as high as the god of Shiva. Arca Dewa Wisnu merupakan tinggalan arkeologi dari periode Hindu- Buddha yang sangat sedikit ditemukan di Bali. Penelitian ini meneliti variasi ikonografi, serta peranan dan kedudukan Dewa Wisnu pada masa Hindu-Buddha di Bali abad VII-XIV Masehi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk merekonstruksi sejarah kebudayaan masyarakat Bali pada masa lalu terutama aspek religinya. Penulis menggunakan metode pengumpulan data seperti studi pustaka, observasi dan wawancara serta pengolahan data melalui analisis ikonografi, ikonoplastik dan komparatif. Teori yang digunakan untuk membantu analisis adalah teori ikonografi dan ikonologi Erwin Panofsky. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian ditemukan bahwa terdapat variasi ikonografi pada arcaarca dewa Wisnu pada masa Hindu-Buddha di Bali abad VII-XIV Masehi. Variasi terlihat pada ragam penggambaran perhiasan, busana, laksana, dan sikap tubuh. Adapun variasi ikonografi disebabkan oleh faktor kemampuan dan kreativitas seniman, batasan sosial, pengaruh budaya dan bahan baku arca. Peranan dan kedudukan dewa Wisnu pada masa Hindu-Buddha di Bali yaitu sebagai dewa pelindung dan pemelihara, kedudukannya sangat penting walaupun tidak setinggi Dewa Siwa.","PeriodicalId":52717,"journal":{"name":"Forum Arkeologi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43131816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"JEJAK PERMUKIMAN PADA BEKAS KAWAH DORO BENTE: SEBUAH PERSPEKTIF GEOARKEOLOGI KAWASAN TAMBORA","authors":"I. P. Yuda Haribuana, J. S. Edy Yuwono","doi":"10.24832/fa.v31i2.542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24832/fa.v31i2.542","url":null,"abstract":"Tambora Mountain region still has a mystery about a buried civilization, therefore research is still being carried out to uncover it. This researchaims to obtain archaeological evidence related to settlements on Doro Bente site, located on one of cratersremains on the southern slope of Mount Tambora. Data collection is done through excavation and survey, then analyzed using specific methods which is landscape, contextual, and comparative analysis. At the landscape scale, a recognition to landformis carried out through maps and elevation models, as well as determining the boundaries. Significant artifacts such as clay beads, necklace pendants, mest ballast, bronze ring, ecofacts, features, and the results of landscape reconstruction, further strengthen the indications of settlements, even fromperiod before the 1815 eruption. Kawasan Gunung Tambora masih menyimpan misteri tentang peradaban yang terkubur, maka dari itu penelitian tetap dilakukan untuk mengungkap jejak-jejak peradaban tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan bukti arkeologis terkait permukiman di Situs Doro Bente,yang terletak pada bekas kawah salah satu gunung parasit di lereng selatanGunung Tambora. Pengumpulan datadilakukan melalui ekskavasi dan survei, kemudian dianalisis dengan metode khusus yaitu analisislanskap, kontekstual, dan komparatif. Pada skala lanskap dilakukan pengenalan bentukan lahan melalui peta dan model elevasi, serta menentukan batasannya. Melalui artefak yang signifikan seperti manik-manik tanah liat, bandul kalung, bandul pemberat, cincin perunggu, ekofak, fitur yang ditemukan, serta hasil rekonstruksi lanskap, semakin menguatkan indikasi permukiman, bahkandalam rentang waktu jauh sebelum letusan tahun 1815.","PeriodicalId":52717,"journal":{"name":"Forum Arkeologi","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68864202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"KRITIK TEKS PRASASTI SATRA","authors":"Hedwi Prihatmoko, Luh Suwita Utami","doi":"10.24832/fa.v31i2.521","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24832/fa.v31i2.521","url":null,"abstract":"Satra Inscription is one of the inscriptions which have never been wholly studied before, so epigraphy study of the inscription become significant. This research aims to evaluate the information contained in Satra Inscription for the purpose of reconstructing cultural history and placing it in historical context. The methods used in this research consist of data collection, analysis, and interpretation. The data were collected through observation and literature study. Analysis was done using textual critic approach, and interpretation was done by explaining the relevance of Satra Inscription in historical context. The research shows that Satra Inscription is a copied inscription (tinulad), and assumed of being inscribed after the middle of the 15th century AD. The inference is based on the inconsistency between the king’s name and the year mentioned. Palaeography study, the usage, and language pattern of the inscription are also strengthen the inference that Satra Inscription as copied inscription. Textual critic of the inscription shows that the usage of informations contained in Satra Inscription as historical data needs to be carefully used. Prasasti Satra merupakan salah satu temuan prasasti baru yang belum pernah diteliti secara menyeluruh, sehingga kajian epigrafi terhadap prasasti ini menjadi penting. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi informasi yang ada di Prasasti Satra untuk kepentingan rekonstruksi sejarah kebudayaan dan menempatkannya di dalam konteks sejarah. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini meliputi pengumpulan data, analisis data, dan penafsiran data. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi dan studi pustaka. Analisis data dilakukan melalui kritik teks, dan penafsiran data dilakukan dengan memaparkan relevansi Prasasti Satra di dalam konteks sejarah. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Prasasti Satra merupakan prasasti tinulad, yang penulisannya diduga setelah pertengahan abad ke-15 Masehi. Dugaan tersebut muncul berdasarkan adanya ketidaksesuaian antara penyebutan nama raja dengan angka tahun yang tercantum. Tinjauan dari aspek paleografi, penggunaan, dan pola bahasanya juga menguatkan dugaan tersebut. Kritik teks terhadap Prasasti Satra diperlukan agar tedapat kehati-hatian ketika menggunakan informasi yang terkandung di dalam Prasasti Satra sebagai data sejarah. Kata kunci: prasasti, satra, kritik teks, tinulad.","PeriodicalId":52717,"journal":{"name":"Forum Arkeologi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45945703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SEBARAN BANGUNAN PILLBOX SEBAGAI STRATEGI PERTAHANAN JEPANG DI TELUK AMBON","authors":"Muhammad Al Mujabuddawat, Wuri Handoko","doi":"10.24832/fa.v31i2.535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24832/fa.v31i2.535","url":null,"abstract":"One characteristic of the Japanese defense system is the existence of pillboxes. During the Japanese occupation of Ambon Island, the construction of the pillboxes was carried out in massive numbers as a defense strategy to anticipate attacks by the Allies who wanted to retake Ambon Island territory. The purpose of this study was to determine the distribution pattern of Pillboxes and analyze the distribution of Pillboxes as part of the Japanese defense strategy in defending Ambon Bay. The data collection method uses the field observation method along the coast of the Ambon Bay which is the entrance of the sea traffic and airlines. This location is the center of settlements and government so that almost all strategic infrastructure is in this region — spatial data obtained from each pillbox object coupled with the Architectural Documentation Center (PDA) inventory data in 2007, then associated with related literature data, processed using Geographic Information System applications to produce the descriptive analysis. The results of this study indicate that the distribution of pillboxes location is generally divider into coastal and hilly locations and there are concentrations in strategic areas. The general conclusion of this study is the pillboxes placement strategy is an effective strategy both in attack and defense. Salah satu ciri khas dari sistem pertahanan Jepang yaitu keberadaan pillbox. Pada masa pendudukan Jepang di Pulau Ambon, pembangunan pillbox dilakukan dalam jumlah masif sebagai strategi pertahanan untuk mengantisipasi serangan Sekutu yang ingin merebut kembali wilayah Pulau Ambon. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pola sebaran Pillbox dan menganalisis sebaran Pillbox sebagai bagian dari bentuk strategi pertahanan Jepang dalam mempertahankan Teluk Ambon. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan metode observasi lapangan di sepanjang pesisir Teluk Ambon yang merupakan pintu masuk jalur laut dan udara. Lokasi ini merupakan pusat permukiman dan pemerintahan, sehingga hampir seluruh infrastruktur strategis berada di wilayah ini. Data spasial yang diperoleh dari setiap objek pillbox ditambah dengan data inventaris Pusat Dokumentasi Arsitektur (PDA) tahun 2007, lalu dikaitkan dengan data literatur terkait, diolah dengan menggunakan aplikasi Sistem Informasi Geografis untuk menghasilkan analisa deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa sebaran lokasi pillbox secara umum terbagi atas lokasi pantai dan perbukitan serta terdapat konsentrasi pillbox di lokasi strategis. Kesimpulan umum dari penelitian ini adalah strategi penempatan pillbox merupakan strategi yang efektif baik dalam menyerang maupun bertahan.","PeriodicalId":52717,"journal":{"name":"Forum Arkeologi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46005576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"GLM LVI: TINJAUAN OSTEOARKEOLOGIS ATAS SEBUAH RANGKA DARI GILIMANUK","authors":"Ashwin Prayudi, R. Suriyanto","doi":"10.24832/FA.V31I2.526","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24832/FA.V31I2.526","url":null,"abstract":"This research discuss human remain GLM LVI from Paleometallic sites called Gilimanuk, which located in Bali. The aims of this study is to find abnormalities, diseases, and culturaland habitual influences to the individual using macroscopical analysis from osteoarchaeological perspective. The results from this research shows this individual was female with age at death between 35-40 years old. She is interesting to be discussed because she shown evidence of kneeling and using her index finger extensively when she was alive. Moreover there were some diseases such as dental calculus, dental caries, periodontal, dental abscess, and cultural influences to her remain which are betel chewing and dental modification. Penelitian ini membahas mengenai rangka manusia individu GLM LVI yang berasal dari situs Paleometalik Gilimanuk di Desa Gilimanuk, Bali. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat penyakit dan pengaruh budaya terhadap rangka, dengan menggunakan metode analisis makroskopis dan pendekatan osteoarkeologis. Individu ini adalah seorang perempuan yang berusia 35 - 40 tahun ketika mati. Karakteristik ekstrimitas bawahnya menunjukkan bahwa individu ini sering melakukan aktivitas berlutut dan secara ekstensif menggunakan jari telunjuk pada masa hidupnya. Analisis patologis menunjukkan adanya beberapa jenis penyakit gigi, antara lain kalkulus, karies, periodontal, dan abses. Selain itu terdapat pengaruh kebudayaan berupa konsumsi pinang dan sirih, dan modifikasi gigi. Kata kunci: Gilimanuk, osteoarkeologi, berlutut, menginang","PeriodicalId":52717,"journal":{"name":"Forum Arkeologi","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42306289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}