Ekonomichni innovatsiii最新文献

{"title":"INSTITUTIONAL INSTRUMENTS FOR ECO-FOCUSED WATER TRANSPORT DEVELOPMENT","authors":"S. Ilchenko, А.V. Kens","doi":"10.31520/ei.2022.24.1(82).74-89","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31520/ei.2022.24.1(82).74-89","url":null,"abstract":"Topicality. In recent years, there has been increasing pressure on the marine and riverine environment due to increasing volumes and globalization processes in international trade. This situation has the effect of increasing the negative impact on the dynamics of the natural aquatic environment quality by increasing oil spills, emissions of chemicals and other harmful substances, air pollution and the indirect impact of these processes on water resources, waste disposal, noise and radioactive load. The forecast assessment of the dynamics of the world economy shows a gradual increase in the volume of shipping due to the increase in the world's population and consumption. Enhanced use of water basins requires new innovative management initiatives with the development of tools to ensure the ecological sustainability of marine and river ecosystems, taking into account the threats and risks of their introduction to the environment. The peculiarity of protecting the marine and riverine environment from navigation is that ships do not always operate within the flag state, and the further the ship moves away from it, the less the state has the opportunity to rely on traditional sovereignty within its jurisdiction. Involvement of many stakeholders in the process of water transport, lack of full autonomy of the flag state to regulate the activities of the ship outside its jurisdiction requires the development of methodological approaches and practical measures to develop ways and methods of institutional and organizational impact on ships based on international requirements. and standards. Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to analyse the existing and potential institutional resources for the prevention of technogenic threats from shipping and the development of water transport on the basis of eco-focused. Research results. It has been confirmed that at the present stage of economic development transport plays a leading role, as it is an important part of industry, consumption, agriculture. Water transport is responsible for the majority of international traffic, which results in negative consequences of its work. It is known that any type of transport, including maritime, is one of the biggest polluters of the environment, but the vital needs of mankind should not be met by future generations. Solving environmental issues is a relatively new direction in the science of management, however, in recent decades many countries have joined this practice, focusing on scientific support of programs and plans against global change, which affect not only marine and river biocenoses, but also have consequences in the form of a shift in the ecosystem framework of the entire planet. The activity of water transport is slowly growing in its scale and consequences, which requires more attention from government agencies, which should join international initiatives to obtain a positive result from environmental activities and increase the authority of the state. ","PeriodicalId":52598,"journal":{"name":"Ekonomichni innovatsiii","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43031514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"STRENGTHENING THE STATE CYBER DEFENSE AND CREATING OF CYBER TROOPS: STATE, PROBLEMS AND ORGANIZATIONAL-ECONOMIC MEASURES FOR UKRAINE","authors":"N. Avanesova, Y. Serhiienko, R. Lyubushin","doi":"10.31520/ei.2022.24.1(82).25-40","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31520/ei.2022.24.1(82).25-40","url":null,"abstract":"Topicality. In the last decade, cyberspace has become the fifth separate, specific and important area of armed struggle, along with four traditional ones - \"Earth\", \"Sea\", \"Air\" and \"Space\". The use of cyber troops and cyber weapons, cyber defense, cyber operations and cyber-attacks is now considered commonplace. Since 2014, Ukraine has been forced to repel hybrid Russian armed aggression, including in cyberspace. But the recognition of cyber defense as a new important component of its defense took place only in March 2016 in the Cyber Security Strategy of Ukraine [1] (hereinafter - the Strategy). At the same time, it states, in particular, that \"The basis of the national cybersecurity system will be the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine, the State Service for Special Communications and Information Protection of Ukraine, the Security Service of Ukraine, the National Police of Ukraine, the National Bank of Ukraine.\" The Strategy also for the first time for the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine (Ministry of Defense) and the General Staff of the Armed Forces of Ukraine (General Staff of the Armed Forces) identified additional new main tasks, namely: measures to prepare the state to repel military aggression in cyberspace; military cooperation with NATO related to cyber security and joint protection against cyber threats; Ensuring in cooperation with the State Service for Special Communications and Information Protection of Ukraine and the Security Service of Ukraine cyber protection of its own information infrastructure. Cyber defense - a set of political, economic, social, military, scientific, scientific and technical, informational, legal, organizational and other measures carried out in cyberspace and aimed at protecting the sovereignty and defense capabilities of the state, preventing armed conflict and repelling armed aggression. Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to determine the scientific basis for strengthening the state's cyber defense and creating cyber troops. The organization of effective cyber defense of the state requires the solution of a number of important tasks and, first of all, the elimination of gaps in the regulatory framework. It is unfortunate to recognize that so far, the legislation of Ukraine does not define the basics of cyber defense, especially the purpose, goals, principles and objectives of cyber defense, its subjects and objects, construction, preparation and conduct of such defense, as well as the relevant powers of public authorities. functions and tasks of military administration bodies, other state bodies, responsibilities of officials, rights and responsibilities of citizens of Ukraine, etc. And this, in our opinion, makes it impossible to adequately define the tasks of cyber troops, which should play a leading role in the implementation of cyber defense tasks and should be created to implement the aforementioned decision of the President of Ukraine. Research results. Modern challenges and integrated threa","PeriodicalId":52598,"journal":{"name":"Ekonomichni innovatsiii","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41291009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FINANCIAL SUPPORT FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF UKRAINIAN WATER TRANSPORT COMPETITIVE STRATEGIES IN THE MACROENVIRONMENT STRUCTURAL CHANGES CONDITIONS","authors":"B. Burkynskyi, V. Gryshchenko","doi":"10.31520/ei.2022.24.1(82).7-24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31520/ei.2022.24.1(82).7-24","url":null,"abstract":"Topicality. The study's relevance is because, over the past thirty years, the Government of Ukraine has faced a complex set of areas for financing the implementation of competitive strategies for water transport, including transport infrastructure. The efficiency of providing transport services for the transportation of goods and passengers by waterways and the operation of its infrastructure, the level of competitiveness of water transport depends on the correctness and justification of funding for the implementation of competitive strategies of water transport.\u0000Aim and tasks. The work aims to identify sources of financial support for the implementation of competitive strategies of water transport of Ukraine in the context of structural changes in the macro-environment.\u0000Research results. The study results suggest that the sources of funding to ensure the implementation of competitive strategies of water transport in Ukraine in the context of structural changes in the macro-environment can be divided into primary (taxes; fees; mandatory payments; targeted inter-budgetary transfers; capital accumulated by economic entities, credit, and financial institutions; payments by consumers of transport services for the carriage of goods and passengers by waterways; payments by users of water transport infrastructure, etc.) and additional (third parties contributions; contributions of property, assets, lands, or commercial firms owners to the development of existing or construction of new water transport infrastructure facilities; sale or long-term lease of property (lands) owned by the state or communities and adjacent to waterways and water transport infrastructure; related services - funds received from advertising, rent, catering services, shops, parking lots, motels, excursions, etc.). To find additional resources to finance the implementation of competitive water transport strategies, private capital can be attracted to finance transport infrastructure through various public-private partnership schemes. Alternative ways to finance the implementation of water transport competitive strategies include: the \"infrastructure plus ownership\" approach, the Regulated Asset Base (RAB) model, the mechanism of ?the least present value of revenue? (LPVR), non-tariff revenues from water transport. The analysis of the basic tools of financial maintenance of water transport competitive strategies in the conditions of structural changes of a macro-environment is carried out. Criteria for selecting sources of funding for the implementation of competitive water transport strategies are identified, among which are such as the size and stability of income and social impact of the project; economic efficiency of using a source of funding; payback period of investments; the level of solvency of investors; the level of balance of economic interests of project investors and those who will directly or indirectly benefit from its implementation; level of macroeconomic stability","PeriodicalId":52598,"journal":{"name":"Ekonomichni innovatsiii","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48543974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TAX INCENTIVES TO MANAGE LAND AS A NATURAL ASSET","authors":"L. Nekrasenko","doi":"10.31520/ei.2022.24.1(82).122-129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31520/ei.2022.24.1(82).122-129","url":null,"abstract":"Topicality. Successful economic development of agriculture is one of the components of Ukraine's sustainable development. But this development very often leads to changes in natural and climatic conditions and to increased risks for doing business. Agricultural land is a natural asset and it should be taken into account that the change oflandscapes from natural vegetation to any other use can lead to loss, degradation, and fragmentation of the environment, all of which can have devastating consequences for biodiversity as a source of ecosystem services. Therefore, it is important to find ways to rationally manage the land.Aim and tasks. The purpose of our study was to substantiate the relevance of taxes for the management and rational use of land as a natural asset. As a tool, we consider a tax on crop rotation, which leads to a decrease in soil fertility and the release of carbon from dying plant residues. Crop rotation planning will help reprioritize crop selection, increase fertility and reduce carbon emissions.Research results. The main component of the sustainable development of the agricultural sector is soil fertility. At the same time, land use and agriculture are the main natural agents for reducing air pollution. Today, agriculture accounts for about 20% of greenhouse gas emissions, and humus losses range from 19% to 22% in different natural areas. Considering agricultural land as a natural asset, it should be taken into account that their irrational use leads to a change in natural and climatic conditions and an increase in risks for doing business. We have proposed to introduce carbon crop rotations as a tool for soil quality management. In our opinion, this should contribute to a change in priorities in the choice of agricultural crops, and as a result, an increase in fertility and an increase in carbon sequestration. To stimulate agricultural enterprises, we consider it expedient to introduce a tax on crop rotation. To substantiate this idea, we have created a model for the dependence of CO2 absorption/emission on the yield of various crops and a decision-making model for planning the costs of an agricultural enterprise.Conclusion. We have conducted a study of the relationship between the yield of various crops and the absorption/release of carbon dioxide. We put forward a hypothesis: there is a certain relationship between the yield of different crops and the balance of absorption/release of CO2. We have studied this connection. The model of dependence of CO2 uptake/emission on the yield of different crops shows that the ability to release carbon by plant residues of different agricultural crops has both a direct and inverse relationship with the yield of various crops. We have developed a decision-making model for planning the costs of an enterprise, subject to planning for environmental risks or paying a tax on carbon crop rotations. Thus, the problems of land use as a natural asset in agriculture can be solved by: the introducti","PeriodicalId":52598,"journal":{"name":"Ekonomichni innovatsiii","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43974808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"PRINCIPLES AND MECHANISMS OF FORMATION OF REGIONAL ECONOMIC SYSTEMS","authors":"O. Laiko, M. Yezhov, Z. Chechovich","doi":"10.31520/ei.2022.24.1(82).99-110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31520/ei.2022.24.1(82).99-110","url":null,"abstract":"Topicality. The study of the development mechanisms of regional economic systems is an urgent task in connection with the reform of decentralization in Ukraine, which creates new opportunities for economic development of territories. The relevance of this study is determined by: the State Strategy for Regional Development 2021-2027 (Strategic Objectives � 1-3) [1], the Concept of Local Government Reform [2], the National Economic Strategy for the period up to 2030 [3]. In particular, these documents emphasize [1] the need to build competitive regions and functional areas by involving all actors in development and overcoming the inequality of socio-economic development of regions.\u0000Aim and tasks. The aim of the article is to determine the conceptual foundations and methodological principles of building and increasing the capacity of economic systems of territorial communities in Ukraine, as well as the formation of mechanisms for implementing relevant principles of forming and ensuring effective functioning of regional economic systems.\u0000Research results. The basic principles according to which the regional economy should develop are revealed. The problem of regional economic systems (RES) management from the point of view of network management is considered. The hypothesis of a new economic system is put forward. The connection of the institutional basis of RES with the goals of sustainable development is shown. The institutional basis for ensuring the effective development of regional economic systems in the context of local government reform is substantiated and the current principles are formulated, according to which territorial economic systems should function in accordance with the requirements of national and European regulations. Hypotheses about the need to supplement the existing list of principles of functioning of regional economic systems with the principles of structural and institutional support of their development are proved. The mechanisms of realization of the principles of functioning of regional economic systems in modern conditions are substantiated, which include instruments: tax, credit, financial-budgetary, organizational-infrastructural, property-legal. Measures are proposed to ensure effective economic cooperation of communities.\u0000Conclusion. The successful functioning of communities depends primarily on the activities of regional economic systems. The joint implementation of economic projects by communities is most conducive to their cooperation in all areas. The activities of the regional economic system must comply with the principle of structure and the principle of economic cohesion (economic solidarity). In the long run, these principles should lead to the emergence of a new solidarity-based economic paradigm.","PeriodicalId":52598,"journal":{"name":"Ekonomichni innovatsiii","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42666933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO THE EVALUATION AND SELECTION OF THE MANAGEMENT STRATEGY FOR THE INTRODUCTION OF FOREIGN ECONOMIC ACTIVITY AT THE ENTERPRISE","authors":"V. Fomishyna, T. Yakymchuk, Nadiia Fedorova, M.Ye. Rezanov","doi":"10.31520/ei.2022.24.1(82).154-165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31520/ei.2022.24.1(82).154-165","url":null,"abstract":"Topicality. The development of international economic integration and globalization of the world economy contributes to the intensification of foreign economic activity of enterprises, which opens up opportunities for economic growth through the expansion of sales channels. At the same time, operations in the foreign market are characterized by a significant degree of risk, the need for a detailed investigation of the political and economic situation ,the legal basis of foreign economic transactions, etc. Small and medium enterprises should be the basis of the economy of a developed country. Nowadays, Ukrainian authorities stimulate the creation of such enterprises and their entry into foreign markets through the Entrepreneurship and Export Promotion Office. The implementation of foreign economic activity in a small enterprise is more risky and challenging than in a large one. Therefore, the study of the peculiarities of the management strategy for the introduction of foreign economic activity at the enterprise is a topical issue today.\u0000Aim and tasks. The paper aims to develop and improve theoretical and methodological approaches to evaluation and selection of the management strategy for the introduction of foreign economic activity, which can be used by Ukrainian enterprises for the attraction of additional opportunities to foreign markets.\u0000Research results. The research results of theoretical and methodological approaches to the evaluation and selection of the management strategy for the introduction of foreign economic activity at the enterprise are presented. According to the investigation results of the ?strategic management? concept in the scientific literature from a general scientific point of view and taking into account the peculiarities of strategic management of the foreign economic activity, a modern understanding of strategic management is determined. Knowledge of these features allowed showing the logic of foreign economic activity strategic management process at the enterprise. Basic corporate strategies and ways of their implementation are proposed for the foreign economic activity strategy development. Their essence is specified using the sub-strategies, the so-called alternatives to the basic strategy. It is shown that the decision on the optimal choice of alternatives of foreign economic strategy is made by the company's management, taking into account the results of previous analytical work and assessment of potential markets, time constraints, and scale of activity. Analytical tools for the selection of strategic alternatives are offered. It is recommended to conduct a PEST/PESTEL analysis of the most perspective markets to select a market for expansion. Porter's Five Forces model is proposed to investigate the existing competition in the market. It will help to choose the best timing of entry. To choose the scale of market entry, an enterprise should consider the advantages and disadvantages of basic entry modes: exporting,","PeriodicalId":52598,"journal":{"name":"Ekonomichni innovatsiii","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49067795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"FORMATION OF ANTI-CRISIS INVESTMENT POLICY WITHIN MANAGING CHANGE IN THE FIELD OF WELLNESS AND RECREATION IN THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC PERIOD","authors":"H. Shevchenko","doi":"10.31520/ei.2022.24.1(82).166-175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31520/ei.2022.24.1(82).166-175","url":null,"abstract":"Topicality. Combined with the need to improve the health and efficiency of people who were infected with coronavirus, wellness recreation is one of the important strategic directions of change management in the context of normalization of the economy and all sustainable development processes in the pandemic and post-pandemic period. And accordingly, the sphere of wellness and recreation, especially given its state in Ukraine, needs to establish a systemic anti-crisis investment policy.Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the prerequisites and factors for the formation of anti-crisis investment policy in the management of changes in the field of wellness and recreation in the conditions of COVID-19 pandemic in Ukraine.Research results. In the article the prerequisites for managing changes in the field of wellness and recreation during the pandemic period are analyzed and summarized, namely: during 2020 in the world and in Ukraine the volume of investments in the creation of new jobs in the fields of hospitality, tourism and recreation is reduced; during 2020-2021 there are no significant positive changes in the increase or redistribution of investment in recreation or health care in Ukraine, especially in those regions that have a greater number of coronavirus infected; in the field of international tourism, which has a direct impact on the formation of the domestic market of recreational services, further decline is observed in the number of Ukrainians traveling abroad and a gradual stabilization of domestic travel in Ukraine.Conclusion. In the article conceptual principles of managing change in the field of wellness and recreation in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic are formulated, within the anti-crisis investment policy, which provides for the development of appropriate programs, the implementation of which requires a set of organizational and economic measures aimed at creating a favorable investment climate, structural transformation and improving economic, social and environmental indicators of wellness and recreation effectiveness in the conditions of coronavirus pandemic.","PeriodicalId":52598,"journal":{"name":"Ekonomichni innovatsiii","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43960208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"TOURISM 4.0 TOOLS FOR FACILITATION OF SUSTAINABLE TOURISM DATA COMPARISON (USING A CASE STUDY FROM VYLKOVE AND SFÂNTU GHEORGHE IN THE DANUBE DELTA)","authors":"P. Goriup, A. Schvab, H. Ratkajec, U. Starc-Peceny, T. Ilijaš","doi":"10.31520/ei.2022.24.1(82).55-63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31520/ei.2022.24.1(82).55-63","url":null,"abstract":"Topicality. Tourism is recognized as one of the most important commercial activities today. In 2019 it generated 10% of the total employment and represented a share of 10.4% of global GDP. Following the lead of cities, a growing number of towns and villages in rural areas are seeking to benefit from tourism, based on their local cultural and natural assets. This trend can be observed in the transboundary Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve of Romania and Ukraine where many formerly remote settlements have started to host increasing numbers of visitors. However, tourism can also impose a number of negative economic, social and environmental impacts on the destination and its region that could undermine the very attractiveness of the destinations concerned. Aims and tasks. A particular problem for authorities charged with developing regional rural tourism strategies and regulations is to have a standard method for assessing and comparing the visitor capacity and sustainability of different destinations. Emerging Tourism 4.0 technologies such as High-Performance Data Analytics (HPDA) can improve the efficiency and effectiveness of strategic planning and environmental sustainability. The general objective of the research reported here was to compare the current situation of two similar settlements in the Danube Delta Biosphere Reserve: Vylkove in Ukraine and Sfântu Gheorghe in Romania. In collaboration with the municipal councils, local businesses and civic organisations, we applied the Tourism Impact Model (TIM) developed by the Slovene company Arctur to data collected using the same methodology between August 2020 and May 2021. Overall, 295 questions were addressed. The data could be quantitative (amount of electricity or water used per day), or more subjective expert opinion (whether and when the settlement suffered from traffic congestion or satisfaction of residents with levels of incoming tourists). The data were also quality controlled and labelled according to their accuracy, type (digital or analogue) and frequency of collection. Research results. With respect to Vylkove and Sfântu Gheorghe, in both cases the tourism data collected were not sufficient to produce a full analysis for an overall DCC assessment. However, it was possible to examine the data for each of the main TIM pillars individually (Environment, Economy, Social / Cultural and Collaboration) and make a comparison between the destinations. From these data, it is clear that while both destinations are generally managing tourism poorly (as Sleepers), Sfântu Gheorghe has a better overall condition than Vylkove across the four pillars since it scores higher in the Champion character. Vylkove suffers from having a large amount of missing data, probably because the town council derives little direct benefit from tourism (it is a receiver of impacts but most of the revenue goes to external parties) so it does not collect information. On the other hand, compared with Sfântu Gheorghe, it doe","PeriodicalId":52598,"journal":{"name":"Ekonomichni innovatsiii","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44463264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"INSTITUTIONAL AND ECONOMIC MECHANISM OF SELECTIVE REGULATION OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF MARKETS FOR BREAD AND BAKERY PRODUCTS OF UKRAINE","authors":"O. Nikishyna, O. Zerkina","doi":"10.31520/ei.2022.24.1(82).130-142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31520/ei.2022.24.1(82).130-142","url":null,"abstract":"Topicality. The market of bread and bakery products is one of the socially important strategic markets of Ukraine, which ensures its food security. Today, the reproduction imbalances in the development of the bread market have deepened, which are a consequence, in particular, of the imperfection of its institutional environment. Modern institutional transformations are local and inconsistent, they do not provide a balanced development of the relevant market. Therefore, the need to change both approaches to the formation of public policy and mechanisms for its implementation in conditions of instability based on the introduction of selective regulatory measures and tools.\u0000Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the components of the institutional and economic mechanism of selective regulation of the reproduction development of the Ukrainian market of bread and bakery products in conditions of instability. During the research the following methods were used: dialectical, theoretical generalization and comparison, statistical analysis, structural-logical method.\u0000Research results. The article substantiates a comprehensive approach to the formation of state selective policy in the market dimension, identifies its characteristics, targets and functions. The key problems of institutional support for the reproduction development of the market of bread and bakery products, causal links between the operation of formal institutions and the state of reproduction processes in market sectors in terms of different spheres of commodity circulation (regulated, partially and unregulated) are identified. Components of the institutional and economic mechanism of selective regulation of the bread market of Ukraine, which combined both system-wide and selective regulatory measures that are purposefully focused on solving key problems of development of the relevant market are justified.\u0000Conclusion. The scientific novelty of the study is the development of theoretical and methodical principles of regulating the development of commodity markets on the basis of a selective approach. The applied value of the obtained results is determined by the possibility of their use by state and profile institutions in the course of improving the institutional environment of the Ukrainian bread market, as well as substantiation of strategic priorities of its development in conditions of instability.","PeriodicalId":52598,"journal":{"name":"Ekonomichni innovatsiii","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48007618","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"REPRODUCTION OF FIXED CAPITAL IN UKRAINE: SOME FEATURES AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR PUBLIC POLICY","authors":"A. Shcherbak, I. Spasskyi","doi":"10.31520/ei.2022.24.1(82).187-194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31520/ei.2022.24.1(82).187-194","url":null,"abstract":"Topicality. Ukraine's GDP has not reached the level of the early 1990s, and the competitiveness of the economy remains low. This is largely due to the state of the investment process. Generalized statistical data are usually used for its research. However, the situation at individual enterprises, especially in a transitional economy, is significantly different. To find out how the renewal of fixed capital takes place, to develop sound recommendations, it is necessary to analyze information concerning large groups of enterprises.Aim and tasks. The purpose of the article is to find out if there is a significant sector of enterprises with negative net investments in Ukraine. This will make it possible to give sound recommendations for improving economic policy.Research results. The article analyzes the reporting of 2.5 thousand industrial enterprises in Ukraine. It was found that more than a third of investments are in 5% of enterprises. At the same time, about 30% of them regularly make negative net investments. The existence of a significant sector of such enterprises has an extremely negative impact on the competitiveness of the national economy. It is substantiated that the main reasons for this situation are inadequate protection of property rights, a low level of competition and its unequal conditions in many markets.Conclusion. A significant reduction in the sector of enterprises with negative net investments is one of the most important conditions for increasing the competitiveness of the Ukrainian economy. This is possible as a result of reforms that will enhance competition, leveling its conditions, and reliable protection of property rights. The OECD Competition Assessment Toolkit should be used to remove anti-competitive regulations from legislation. In order to prevent a decrease in production and an increase in unemployment as a result of the bankruptcy of inefficient enterprises, it is necessary to take measures aimed at stimulating the development of the most dynamic companies and increasing their contribution to the economy, primarily by supporting gazelle firms and clusters.","PeriodicalId":52598,"journal":{"name":"Ekonomichni innovatsiii","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42747341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}