{"title":"Reliability and Reference norms of heel-to-toe walking, lateral walking, and step-over walking among young adults: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Nidhi Sharma, Simranjeet Kaur, Parveen Kumar","doi":"10.5114/areh.2023.128058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/areh.2023.128058","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Clinimetric properties play an essential part in clinical practice in order to select the appropriate measurement instrument and reference value aid in the evaluation of intervention efficacy and precision of tool. This study aims to establish inter-rater and intra-rater reliability as well as normative reference values of heel-to-toe walking, lateral walking, and step-over walking among young adults. Material and methods: In this cross-sectional study, 400 young adults in the age group between 18 and 25 years were recruited according to the eligibility criteria. All the tests were recorded 3 times with the help of a stopwatch to calculate inter-rater and intra-rater reliability. The mean values were statistically analysed. Kolmogorov Smirnov test was used for the normality of the data. The descriptive statistics are reported as geometric mean (GM) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: Heel-to-toe (ICC = 0.99, Cronbach’s α – 0.994), lateral (ICC = 0.96, Cronbach’s α – 0.988), and step-over walking (ICC = 0.96, Cronbach’s α – 0.987) demonstrated excellent intra-rater reliability. Inter-rater reliability was excel - lent for heel-to-toe walking (ICC = 0.92, Cronbach’s α – 0.923), lateral walking (ICC = 0.84, Cronbach’s α – 0.846), and step-over walking (ICC = 0.92, Cronbach’s α – 0.929). Reference norms for step-over, heel-to-toe walking, and lateral walking came out to be 24.71s, 35.02s, and 20.09s, respectively. Conclusions: Findings indicate that heel-to-toe walking, lateral walking, and step-over walking are reliable tests and can be further recommended to measure coordination among young adults.","PeriodicalId":52524,"journal":{"name":"Postepy Rehabilitacji","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71063573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Influence of Muscle Activation of Posterior Oblique Sling in Different Hip Positions among Three Different Shoulder Movements in Overhead Athletes: An Observational Study","authors":"Amrinder Singh, Meet Patel, Monika Sharma","doi":"10.5114/areh.2023.128014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/areh.2023.128014","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Overhead movement demands optimal pelvic and scapular stability and alignment for efficient energy transfer during shoulder movements. Throughout a sports game, hyperactivity of the pelvic and scapular musculature might affect performance. As a result, we can establish goals for muscle strength and injury prevention. To study the muscles activation of posterior oblique sling muscles (POS) in different hip positions (Standing, Sitting and Lunge) with three different shoulder movements (flexion, extension & abduction) among a sportsman population. Material and methods: Muscle activation was recorded by surface electromyography in 38 male athletes of different sports cricket (bowlers)-10; baseball-9; volleyball-9; control group (recreational overhead)-10. Maximum voluntary iso - metric contraction (MVIC) measurements were collected in order to compare muscular activation. Every player performed shoulder flexion, abduction and extension in standing, sitting and lunge positions. Results: Significant differences in muscle activity were noted using a 3-way ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc test. The results of the study showed statistically significant interactions between individual groups, positions and musc - les with shoulder movements (p = 0.001) and a pairwise comparison between subjects showed a significant difference (p = <0.05). Conclusions: All hip position changes may be beneficial in scapular rehabilitation training because more muscles are employed. However, in shoulder extension motions, posterior oblique sling muscles are activated more than abduction muscles. While sitting, the serratus anterior is the most active muscle, more than the lower trapezius, latissimus dorsi, and gluteus maximus.","PeriodicalId":52524,"journal":{"name":"Postepy Rehabilitacji","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71063615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Parents of children with developmental disability have insufficient knowledge about healthy sleep in children","authors":"Demet Karabulut, A. Akbaş","doi":"10.5114/areh.2023.129031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/areh.2023.129031","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Since sleep disorders bring many physical and psychological problems in childhood, it is important for parents to have sufficient knowledge about healthy and problematic sleep to detect the sleep disorders from the earliest period. The aim of this study was to examine the knowledge about healthy sleep in children among parents of children with developmental disability. Material and methods: The study included 146 children with developmental disabilities between the ages of 2-17 years old. Children’s sleep durations were classified into two groups, according to the American Academy of Sleep Medicine recommendations (sleeps at recommended levels/sleeps below the recommended levels). The difference between these groups was analyzed with the Independent Samples T Test. Results: The mean age of the children with developmental disabilities was 5.48 ± 2.42 years. In this study, only 2.74% of the parents of children with developmental disability answered more than 50% of the questions correctly. Par-ents of children who sleep at recommended levels had higher Parents’ Sleep Knowledge Inventory (PSKI) total scores than parents of children who sleep below the recommended levels (p = 0.047). Conclusions: It was determined that parents have insufficient knowledge about healthy sleep in children. This can explain the difference between children’s sleep-related characteristics, and emphasize the need to increase the number of studies on parents’ knowledge levels.","PeriodicalId":52524,"journal":{"name":"Postepy Rehabilitacji","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71063174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Assessment of the impact of injuries on basic movement patterns in amateur swimmers","authors":"Monika Roman, Anna Ogonowska-Słodownik","doi":"10.5114/areh.2023.129156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/areh.2023.129156","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Swimming is a sport that often involves various injuries, which can cause pain that can last for a lifetime. The aim of the study was to assess the impact of past injuries on basic movement patterns in amateur swimmers. Material and methods: Sixty amateur swimmers (32 women and 28 men) completed the Functional Movement Screen (FMS) test and a questionnaire on past injuries. The mean age of the respondents was 37 years (SD = 12.7), body weight 72 kg (SD = 13.7) and body height 175 cm (SD = 10). All subjects were adults, practicing amateur swimming for at least two hours a week. Any participant with injuries that had occurred in the previous four weeks was excluded from the study. Results: Among the respondents, 62% reported suffering injury: 78% being a traumatic injury, 35% an overload injury and 14% both types. The FMS test indicated an increased risk of injury in 20% of respondents, based on a result lower than or equal to 14 points. The mean score in the FMS test was 16 points. Additionally, 5% reported pain in the lumbar spine in the trunk stability push-up test. All other tests were passed by all study participants. No significant difference in global FMS score was found between injured and non-injured swimmers. Conclusions: The FMS score obtained by amateur swimmers does not appear to be influenced by previously expe - rienced injuries. Most of the respondents had suffered injuries in their lives, and these were mainly traumatic injuries.","PeriodicalId":52524,"journal":{"name":"Postepy Rehabilitacji","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71063292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The effects of action observation in the lower limb landing biomechanics: a systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"D. Conte, Jarno Miani, C. Pinzini","doi":"10.5114/areh.2023.127924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/areh.2023.127924","url":null,"abstract":"Non-contact ACL injuries usually occur when an athlete lands from a jump. Therefore, landing training is frequently used as an injury-prevention strategy. This systematic review aims to investigate the effects of action observation in the motor learning of the proper landing technique for healthy adults. Randomized controlled trials were deemed eligible if they included athletically active healthy adults without a history of lower limb injuries and if they compared action observation, in the form of direct observation or video feedback, to the control. The outcome measures were lower extremity biomechanical parameters: sagittal plane flexion angles, dynamic knee valgus and vertical ground reaction force. Six trials were included. Two trials were rated at low risk of bias, one trial with some concerns and three trials with a high risk of bias. Pooled data analysis indicated that action observation improves peak knee flexion (MD 15.95, 95% CI 3.53 to 28.38, I2 = 92%) and initial contact knee flexion (MD 4.05, 95% CI 1.62 to 6.48, I2 = 0%). It may also improve peak hip flexion (MD 18.16, 95% CI – 1.71 to 38.03, I2 = 92%) and dynamic knee valgus (SMD 0.52, 95% CI – 0.31 to 1.34, I2 = 75%) and has no effect on vertical ground reaction force (SMD – 0.04, 95% CI – 0.68 to 0.61, I2 = 62%) compared to the control. In conclusion, we can state that action observation is a potential strategy to enhance motor learning of the proper lan - ding technique in healthy individuals","PeriodicalId":52524,"journal":{"name":"Postepy Rehabilitacji","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71063602","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hernán Andrés de la Barra Ortiz, Faviola Jélvez, Diego Parraguez, Florencia Pérez, Catalina Vargas
{"title":"Effectiveness of high-intensity laser therapy in patients with plantar fasciitis: a systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials","authors":"Hernán Andrés de la Barra Ortiz, Faviola Jélvez, Diego Parraguez, Florencia Pérez, Catalina Vargas","doi":"10.5114/areh.2023.131577","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/areh.2023.131577","url":null,"abstract":"AMA de la Barra Ortiz H, Jélvez F, Parraguez D, Pérez F, Vargas C. Effectiveness of high-intensity laser therapy in patients with plantar fasciitis: a systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Advances in Rehabilitation / Postępy Rehabilitacji. 2023. doi:10.5114/areh.2023.131577. APA de la Barra Ortiz, H., Jélvez, F., Parraguez, D., Pérez, F., & Vargas, C. (2023). Effectiveness of high-intensity laser therapy in patients with plantar fasciitis: a systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Advances in Rehabilitation / Postępy Rehabilitacji. https://doi.org/10.5114/areh.2023.131577 Chicago de la Barra Ortiz, Hernán Andrés, Faviola Jélvez, Diego Parraguez, Florencia Pérez, and Catalina Vargas. 2023. \"Effectiveness of high-intensity laser therapy in patients with plantar fasciitis: a systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials\". Advances in Rehabilitation / Postępy Rehabilitacji. doi:10.5114/areh.2023.131577. Harvard de la Barra Ortiz, H., Jélvez, F., Parraguez, D., Pérez, F., and Vargas, C. (2023). Effectiveness of high-intensity laser therapy in patients with plantar fasciitis: a systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Advances in Rehabilitation / Postępy Rehabilitacji. https://doi.org/10.5114/areh.2023.131577 MLA de la Barra Ortiz, Hernán Andrés et al. \"Effectiveness of high-intensity laser therapy in patients with plantar fasciitis: a systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials.\" Advances in Rehabilitation / Postępy Rehabilitacji, 2023. doi:10.5114/areh.2023.131577. Vancouver de la Barra Ortiz H, Jélvez F, Parraguez D, Pérez F, Vargas C. Effectiveness of high-intensity laser therapy in patients with plantar fasciitis: a systematic review with meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials. Advances in Rehabilitation / Postępy Rehabilitacji. 2023. doi:10.5114/areh.2023.131577.","PeriodicalId":52524,"journal":{"name":"Postepy Rehabilitacji","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135698943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Comparison of the immediate effects of cervical manipulation and foam roller applications in individuals with non-specific neck pain","authors":"Tuğçe Tahmaz, Hazal Genç, Gamze Demircioğlu","doi":"10.5114/areh.2023.131252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/areh.2023.131252","url":null,"abstract":"AMA Tahmaz T, Genç H, Demircioğlu G. Comparison of the immediate effects of cervical manipulation and foam roller applications in individuals with non-specific neck pain. Advances in Rehabilitation / Postępy Rehabilitacji. 2023. doi:10.5114/areh.2023.131252. APA Tahmaz, T., Genç, H., & Demircioğlu, G. (2023). Comparison of the immediate effects of cervical manipulation and foam roller applications in individuals with non-specific neck pain. Advances in Rehabilitation / Postępy Rehabilitacji. https://doi.org/10.5114/areh.2023.131252 Chicago Tahmaz, Tuğçe, Hazal Genç, and Gamze Demircioğlu. 2023. \"Comparison of the immediate effects of cervical manipulation and foam roller applications in individuals with non-specific neck pain\". Advances in Rehabilitation / Postępy Rehabilitacji. doi:10.5114/areh.2023.131252. Harvard Tahmaz, T., Genç, H., and Demircioğlu, G. (2023). Comparison of the immediate effects of cervical manipulation and foam roller applications in individuals with non-specific neck pain. Advances in Rehabilitation / Postępy Rehabilitacji. https://doi.org/10.5114/areh.2023.131252 MLA Tahmaz, Tuğçe et al. \"Comparison of the immediate effects of cervical manipulation and foam roller applications in individuals with non-specific neck pain.\" Advances in Rehabilitation / Postępy Rehabilitacji, 2023. doi:10.5114/areh.2023.131252. Vancouver Tahmaz T, Genç H, Demircioğlu G. Comparison of the immediate effects of cervical manipulation and foam roller applications in individuals with non-specific neck pain. Advances in Rehabilitation / Postępy Rehabilitacji. 2023. doi:10.5114/areh.2023.131252.","PeriodicalId":52524,"journal":{"name":"Postepy Rehabilitacji","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135444897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Smolis-Bąk, Kamila Szcześniak, I. Kowalik, A. Mierzyńska, Grzegorz Skorupski, Łukasz Lasecki, Jerzy Osak, Magdalena Furmanek, H. Szwed, R. Dąbrowski
{"title":"Assess the risk of falling after cardiac surgery","authors":"E. Smolis-Bąk, Kamila Szcześniak, I. Kowalik, A. Mierzyńska, Grzegorz Skorupski, Łukasz Lasecki, Jerzy Osak, Magdalena Furmanek, H. Szwed, R. Dąbrowski","doi":"10.5114/areh.2022.114515","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/areh.2022.114515","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Balance and coordination disorders are factors provoking falls in the elderly. Their fast and precise identification is therefore of vital importance.The aim of study was to assess the risk of falls and the influence of early hospital rehabilitation on the balance and coordination parameters in patients after cardiac surgery. Material and methods: The study was conducted on 207 patients: 44 women and 163 men (mean age 60.2 ± 14.0), who participated in cardiac rehabilitation following cardiac surgery. The risk of falls was tested twice with the use of the FallSkip device: after the initial mobilization and before the discharge. Results: After rehabilitation, improvement was noted in the whole group in all analysed functional parameters and in the reduction of the risk of falls (p < 0.0001). A significantly higher risk of falls was observed in women in comparison with men, in indywiduals aged >70 in comparison with patients aged <70 (p < 0.001). After rehabilitation the risk of falls decreased significantly in men (p < 0.001) and in individuals aged <70, (p < 0.001), as well as in patients with the body mass index <30 (p < 0.012). There was a tendency for better results in men in all tested parameters. Conclusions: It was observed that even a short, limited mobility of the patient after surgery (approx. 48 hours), incre ases the risk of fall. Rehabilitation after cardiac surgery significantly improved the effectiveness of gait, time of reaction in response to audio stimuli, increased muscular strength of lower limbs and significantly reduced the risk of falls. The FallSkip equipment is useful in the assessment of the risk of falls in patients after cardiac surgery.","PeriodicalId":52524,"journal":{"name":"Postepy Rehabilitacji","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71062426","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The effect of talk test-based aerobic exercise on pulmonary functions and quality of life among adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A randomized controlled trial","authors":"M. Saini, Jaspreet Kaur","doi":"10.5114/areh.2022.117002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/areh.2022.117002","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Talk test is widely accepted and costless subjective tool for exercise intensity prescription. However, its utility in diabetes rehabilitation is unexplored. Therefore, the objective of present study was to evaluate the effectiveness of talk test based aerobic exercise on pulmonary function test (PFT) and quality of life (QOL) among adults with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Material and methods: 90 patients were assigned to three groups: talk test group (TTG = 30), rating of perceived exertion group (RPEG = 30), and Control Group (CG = 30). 8-wks of supervised training was followed by 4-wks of unsupervised exercise at home for both the experimental groups. Forced Vital Capacity (FVC) and Forced Expiratory Volume at 1st second (FEV1) were measures of PFT. QOL was assessed through World Health Organization Quality of Life-brief Questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF). Results: PFT improvement in TTG & RPEG is superior to CG. However, there is no significant between group differ ence (p > 0.05). Further, the effect size in TTG was lesser than RPEG from baseline to 8-wk, 1.21 versus 1.46 and 1.42 versus 1.56 respectively for FVC and FEV1. However, it was more in TTG i.e. 1.26 and 1.08 in comparison to RPEG i.e. 0.51 and 0.57 respectively for FVC and FEV1 from 8-wk to 12-wk. The improvement in all the domains of QOL was significantly high in TTG & RPEG (p < 0.01) as compared to CG. Conclusions: The PFT and QOL among adults with T2DM can be improved through the aerobic exercise based on talk test. Additionally, talk test based exercise is more effective than RPE based exercise during unsupervised sessions.","PeriodicalId":52524,"journal":{"name":"Postepy Rehabilitacji","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71062716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Equilibrium coordination tests among children: A feasibility study","authors":"Nidhi Sharma, Asir John Samuel","doi":"10.5114/areh.2022.121224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5114/areh.2022.121224","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Normative reference scores have not been established for most equilibrium coordination tests. Hence, the aim of the present study was to confirm the feasibility of the methodology and procedures, and limitations, for of large-scale studies establishing normative reference scores for sideways walking, tandem walking, cross-stepping, heel walking and toe walking among children. Material and methods: In this cross-sectional study, 284 children (144 boys and 140 girls) aged 8-15 years were recruited from a senior secondary school to perform five equilibrium coordination tests. The children were asked to perform all tests in a random order, and the time taken in seconds (s) was recorded. The mean values were subjected to statistical analysis. The normality of the data was assessed with the Kolmogorov Smirnov test. The descriptive statistics are presen-ted as geometric mean (GM) and 95% confidence interval (CI). Results: The age, weight, height, and body mass index of the recruited children were 11.1 ± 2.1 years, 37.9 ± 9. kg, 141.3 ± 10.7 cm, and 18.7 ± 3.1 kg/m 2 respectively. The normative data of the trial for sideways walking, tandem walking, cross stepping, heel walking, and toe walking were 23.7 ± 8.8 s, 37.7 ± 6.7 s, 33.9 ± 11.3 s, 18.6 ± 8.8 s, and 14.5 ± 11.2 s, respectively. Conclusions: The findings indicate that it is feasible to conduct a large-scale study with a larger sample population to allow the data to be generalized to the global population.","PeriodicalId":52524,"journal":{"name":"Postepy Rehabilitacji","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71062811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}