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Diagnostic and Management Approach to Reflux-Related Cough. 反流性咳嗽的诊断与治疗方法
Gastroenterology and Hepatology Pub Date : 2026-01-01
Ofer Z Fass, Rena H Yadlapati
{"title":"Diagnostic and Management Approach to Reflux-Related Cough.","authors":"Ofer Z Fass, Rena H Yadlapati","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic cough, defined as cough persisting longer than 8 weeks, affects approximately 10% of the global population and significantly impairs quality of life. Gastroesophageal reflux disease is a recognized cause of chronic cough, yet the relationship remains complex and poorly understood. Up to 75% of patients with reflux-related cough lack classic gastroesophageal symptoms such as heartburn or regurgitation, making diagnosis particularly challenging. Although direct tissue irritation by refluxate has been proposed as a primary mechanism, evidence also supports a vagally mediated esophageal- tracheobronchial reflex. Cough hypersensitivity is also recognized as an important mechanism, amplifying responses to reflux and contributing to persistent symptoms despite reflux-directed therapy. Diagnostic evaluation requires a structured approach integrating clinical assessment, empiric treatment trials, and objective testing including ambulatory reflux monitoring. Upper endoscopy may reveal reflux complications, but most patients with reflux-related cough have normal endoscopic findings. Management involves a stepwise approach beginning with lifestyle modifications and proton pump inhibitor therapy, with neuromodulators and behavioral interventions reserved for refractory cases. Surgical intervention may benefit carefully selected patients but requires shared decision-making regarding risks and benefits. Development of more accurate diagnostic tools and unified clinical guidelines will be critical for advancing the management of this difficult-to-treat condition. This article reviews reflux-related cough, including its diagnostic evaluation and management strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":52498,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology and Hepatology","volume":"22 1","pages":"31-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12872264/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146127529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Update on Methylation Markers as Risk Predictors of Hepatocellular Carcinoma. 甲基化标志物作为肝细胞癌风险预测因子的最新进展。
Gastroenterology and Hepatology Pub Date : 2026-01-01
Jose Debes
{"title":"Update on Methylation Markers as Risk Predictors of Hepatocellular Carcinoma.","authors":"Jose Debes","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52498,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology and Hepatology","volume":"22 1","pages":"43-45"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12872265/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146127532","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Systematic Approach to Treatment of Chronic Pancreatitis. 慢性胰腺炎的系统治疗方法。
Gastroenterology and Hepatology Pub Date : 2026-01-01
Darius J Javidi, Neechi Okwor, Timothy B Gardner
{"title":"Systematic Approach to Treatment of Chronic Pancreatitis.","authors":"Darius J Javidi, Neechi Okwor, Timothy B Gardner","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a progressive fibroinflammatory disease of the pancreas with complex pathogenesis and diverse etiologies. CP can lead to numerous complications, including pain, exocrine pancreatic insufficiency, and endocrine insufficiency. Although CP is challenging to treat, there are a broad array of treatment strategies, including medical management, endoscopic interventions, and surgery. The goal of this article is to provide a systematic approach to management of CP and an overview of the evidence supporting different therapies.</p>","PeriodicalId":52498,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology and Hepatology","volume":"22 1","pages":"20-30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12872268/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146127496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Remote Patient Monitoring and Connected Technologies in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. 炎症性肠病的远程患者监测和连接技术。
Gastroenterology and Hepatology Pub Date : 2025-12-01
Hyder Said, Robert P Hirten
{"title":"Remote Patient Monitoring and Connected Technologies in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.","authors":"Hyder Said, Robert P Hirten","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Remote patient monitoring (RPM) has emerged as a valuable complement to traditional in-person clinical assessments, particularly since the COVID-19 pandemic. RPM encompasses a wide range of tools and technologies that enable the longitudinal collection of biometric, behavioral, and biochemical data outside the conventional clinic setting. These programs have been successfully integrated across several medical subspecialties, such as cardiology, endocrinology, and psychiatry, where the availability of real-time data has facilitated timely evaluation and management of chronic conditions. Building on these successes, the field of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has begun adopting RPM and connected health technologies to enhance both access to and quality of care. These innovations include the integration of point-of-care testing for conventional biomarkers, the development of novel biomarkers from other biospecimens (eg, mucus and sweat), and the advent of passive physiologic monitoring aimed at predicting and preventing disease relapses. This article examines current literature on RPM across chronic diseases, explores its emerging applications in IBD, and presents key barriers hindering its broader implementation.</p>","PeriodicalId":52498,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology and Hepatology","volume":"21 12","pages":"757-764"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12872267/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146127323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Insights Into Colonoscopic Surveillance for Dysplasia in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. 炎症性肠病中不典型增生的结肠镜监测。
Gastroenterology and Hepatology Pub Date : 2025-12-01
James D Lewis
{"title":"Insights Into Colonoscopic Surveillance for Dysplasia in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.","authors":"James D Lewis","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52498,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology and Hepatology","volume":"21 12","pages":"765-767"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12872270/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146127296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Interventional Endoscopic Ultrasound: Next Frontier or Dead End? 介入内镜超声：下一个前沿还是死胡同？
Gastroenterology and Hepatology Pub Date : 2025-12-01
Marc Giovannini
{"title":"Interventional Endoscopic Ultrasound: Next Frontier or Dead End?","authors":"Marc Giovannini","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52498,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology and Hepatology","volume":"21 12","pages":"779-782"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12872269/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146127307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Evolution of Advanced Combination Treatment in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. 炎性肠病高级联合治疗的进展
Gastroenterology and Hepatology Pub Date : 2025-12-01
Arpita Jajoo, Katherine Margolin, Berkeley N Limketkai, Alyssa Parian
{"title":"Evolution of Advanced Combination Treatment in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.","authors":"Arpita Jajoo, Katherine Margolin, Berkeley N Limketkai, Alyssa Parian","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite multiple new advanced therapeutic options for the treatment of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), almost half of patients do not achieve clinical remission and the number requiring intestinal resection has not significantly changed in over 20 years. To address the therapeutic ceiling seen with single-agent biologics or small molecules, clinicians have attempted combination therapy, known as advanced combination treatment (ACT), to target multiple inflammatory pathways involved in IBD pathogenesis. ACT may be particularly helpful for patients with long-standing refractory disease and those with extraintestinal manifestations. Initial trials have supported the safety and efficacy of ACT, showing clinical and endoscopic remission rates of 59% and 34%, respectively, and response rates of 69% and 43%, respectively, and few new safety signals. However, increased adverse events are seen in patients combining ACT and immunomodulators or corticosteroids. Conclusions are limited by the lack of robust randomized controlled trial evaluation and aggregate analysis of outcomes. This article will review the available data on the use of specific ACT regimens in IBD.</p>","PeriodicalId":52498,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology and Hepatology","volume":"21 12","pages":"745-756"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12872266/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146127367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Improvement in Health-Related Quality of Life After Treatment With Resmetirom in Cirrhotic and Noncirrhotic Patients With MASLD: Data From MAESTRO-NAFLD-1. 肝硬化和非肝硬化MASLD患者雷司替龙治疗后健康相关生活质量的改善：来自MAESTRO-NAFLD-1的数据
Gastroenterology and Hepatology Pub Date : 2025-12-01
{"title":"Improvement in Health-Related Quality of Life After Treatment With Resmetirom in Cirrhotic and Noncirrhotic Patients With MASLD: Data From MAESTRO-NAFLD-1.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52498,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology and Hepatology","volume":"21 12 Suppl 11","pages":"9-10"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12879031/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146144395","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Two-Year Time Course of Biomarker and Imaging Responses in Patients With Well-Compensated MASH Cirrhosis Treated With Resmetirom. 雷司替罗治疗良好代偿性MASH肝硬化患者的生物标志物和影像学反应的两年时间过程。
Gastroenterology and Hepatology Pub Date : 2025-12-01
{"title":"Two-Year Time Course of Biomarker and Imaging Responses in Patients With Well-Compensated MASH Cirrhosis Treated With Resmetirom.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52498,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology and Hepatology","volume":"21 12 Suppl 11","pages":"6-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12879063/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146144439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Long-term Treatment With Elafibranor Leads to Biochemical and Symptomatic Improvements for at Least 3 Years in Patients With PBC. 长期使用elafbranor治疗PBC患者至少3年的生化和症状改善。
Gastroenterology and Hepatology Pub Date : 2025-12-01
{"title":"Long-term Treatment With Elafibranor Leads to Biochemical and Symptomatic Improvements for at Least 3 Years in Patients With PBC.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":52498,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterology and Hepatology","volume":"21 12 Suppl 10","pages":"3-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12879037/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146144397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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