Zhongguo Zhongyao Zazhi最新文献

{"title":"[Mechanism of Xiaoyao Kangai Jieyu Formula in improving hippocampal neurovascular unit damage in breast cancer-related depression via HMGB1/TLR4 signaling pathway].","authors":"Nuo-Kun Li, Yu-Hong Wang, Pan Meng, Zi-Xuan Xiang, Song Yang, Yi-Jing Wang, Cai-Yang Wang, Ying He","doi":"10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20260601.801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20260601.801","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper aims to investigate the potential mechanism of action of Xiaoyao Kangai Jieyu Formula in treating breast cancer-related depression(BCRD).Thirty-two BALB/c mice were randomly assigned to a BCRD group,a positive drug group,a TCM group,and a blank control group.Except for those in the blank control group,the mice in all other groups received axillary inoculation of 1×10~6 4T1 inflammatory breast cancer cells(abbreviated 4T1).After tumor formation,the corticosterone suspension was subcutaneously injected into the back for 21 days to replicate the BCRD model.Simultaneously,oral administration of the treatment was initiated at the start of corticosterone injections and continued for 21 days.Depressive-like behaviors of mice were observed using the novel food test,tail suspension test,and open field test.Tumor volume,tumor weight,and tumor inhibition rate were measured in axillary subcutaneous tumors of mice.Histopathological changes of the tumors were examined via HE staining.DHE staining was used to detect the hippocampal reactive oxygen species(ROS) levels;immunofluorescence triple labeling was employed to detect changes in marker proteins of various cells in the hippocampal neurovascular unit(NVU);Nissl staining was used to examine the morphology of Nissl bodies in hippocampal neurons;a transmission electron microscope was used to examine the ultrastructure in hippocampal NVU cells.qRT-PCR and Western blot were employed to detect gene and protein expressions of high-mobility group box 1(HMGB1),tolllike receptor 4(TLR4),interleukin-1β(IL-1β),and tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) in the hippocampus.The results show that compared with those in the blank control group,the mice in the BCRD group exhibit significantly reduced total activity distance and total activity count in the open field(P<0.01),along with significantly increased tail suspension immobility time and first feeding time in the novel food test(P<0.05,P<0.01),indicating pronounced depressive-like behavior of mice in the BCRD group.ROS levels in the hippocampus were elevated.Significant increases in hippocampal HMGB1,TLR4,IL-1β,and TNF-α protein expression were observed(P<0.01).The marked damage to various cellular structures within the NVU was evident(P<0.05,P<0.01).Compared with the BCRD group,depressive behavior was significantly improved in mice in both the positive control drug group and the TCM group;in the positive control group,the expression of HMGB1,TLR4,and TNF-α proteins in the hippocampus decreased,and the expression of IL-1β protein was significantly reduced(P<0.05);in the TCM group,the expression of HMGB1,TLR4,IL-1β,and TNF-α proteins in the hippocampus was significantly reduced(P<0.05,P<0.01);cellular damage in the hippocampal NVU was alleviated.The positive drug group achieved a tumor inhibition rate of 32.43%,while the TCM group reached 44.59%,with both demonstrating slower tumor growth than the BCRD group.In conclusion,Xiaoyao Kang","PeriodicalId":52437,"journal":{"name":"Zhongguo Zhongyao Zazhi","volume":"51 17","pages":"4983-4992"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149185924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Defining and characterization of supramolecular complexes in TCM formulations].","authors":"Can Liu, Ru Qiao, Fu-Yuan He","doi":"10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20260709.301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20260709.301","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The supramolecular perspective offers a path distinct from component analysis for understanding the material basis of TCM compatibility, shifting the research focus from co-existence of components to formation of structures. It is common that precipitates or colloidal particles appear after co-decocting of medicinal materials, while such phenomena mostly reflect phase changes in the system and are insufficient to directly identify stable and definable supramolecular complexes. Against this background, this paper systematically reviews the determination path of supramolecular structures induced by compatibility along the evidence progression logic from phenomenon particles to causal complexes, and proposes a four-level evidence system consisting of phenomenological evidence(L1), intermolecular interaction evidence( L2), evidence of structural integrity and reversibility( L3), and functional causal evidence(L4). Furthermore, this paper distills the minimum evidence set(MES) supporting the judgment of structural existence. By critically evaluating the application conditions and limitations of commonly used characterization techniques in TCM systems, this paper aims to provide a more operational and reproducible analytical framework for supramolecular research on TCM compatibility, enabling different research conclusions to be understood and compared within a unified evidence context.</p>","PeriodicalId":52437,"journal":{"name":"Zhongguo Zhongyao Zazhi","volume":"51 17","pages":"4870-4877"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149186095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Ginsenoside Rg_1 attenuates OGD/R induced HT22 cell damage by inhibiting oxidative stress via ROS-ATM-CHK2 pathway].","authors":"Yu-Qi Yuan, Yuan-Yuan Lei, Xiao-Ying Shan, Biao Cai, Guang-Yun Wang","doi":"10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20260408.801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20260408.801","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study focused on ginsenoside Rg_1(GRg_1) and aimed to explore whether it could alleviate oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation(OGD/R)-induced damage in mouse hippocampal neuronal(HT22) cells by regulating the reactive oxygen species(ROS)-ataxia telangiectasia mutated(ATM)-checkpoint kinase 2(CHK2) signaling pathway, thereby influencing apoptosis and oxidative stress responses. First, assessment of HT22 cell viability showed that GRg_1 significantly enhanced the viability of HT22 cells. Second, Western blot analysis demonstrated that GRg_1 markedly reduced the apoptosis rate and decreased the expression levels of B-cell lymphoma-2(Bcl-2)-associated X protein(Bax) and cleaved cysteine-aspartic acid specific protease-3(cleaved caspase-3), while the expression level of Bcl-2 showed an increasing trend. Further analysis revealed that intracellular ROS levels gradually increased following OGD/R induction, whereas GRg_1 treatment significantly reduced ROS levels. Concurrently, the activities of the antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase(SOD), catalase(CAT), and glutathione peroxidase(GSH) were also enhanced, suggesting that GRg_1 augments antioxidant capacity and consequently reduces malondialdehyde(MDA) accumulation. Notably, GRg_1 decreased the ratio of phosphorylated(p)-ATM to total ATM and the ratio of p-CHK2 to total CHK2 in OGD/R-treated cells. Furthermore, pretreatment with the ATM inhibitor KU-55933 or the CHK2 inhibitor BML further potentiated the inhibitory effect of GRg_1 on OGD/R-induced ROS production and neuronal apoptosis. Both target protein stability analysis and cellular thermal shift assay collectively confirmed that GRg_1 directly interacts with ATM. In conclusion, GRg_1 may ameliorate OGD/R-induced HT22 cell damage by suppressing ROS production via the ROS-ATM-CHK2 signaling pathway, thereby providing a theoretical basis for the application of GRg_1 in the treatment of cerebral ischemia.</p>","PeriodicalId":52437,"journal":{"name":"Zhongguo Zhongyao Zazhi","volume":"51 18","pages":"5363-5372"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149186039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Harpagoside alleviates ethanol- and high glucose exposure-exacerbated pyroptosis in insulinoma cells].","authors":"Xiang-Xiang Fu, Yue Zhang, Xiao-Han Li, Yu Zhang, Qin Xiang, Li-Ming Tan, Huai-Ying Tang, Yong-Li Zhang, Yong-Hong Zhang, Qi-Bin Wang, Tao Zheng, Li Chen","doi":"10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20260521.801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20260521.801","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to investigate the effect of harpagoside(HA) on ethanol(ET)-and high-glucose(HG)-exacerbated pyroptosis in rat insulinoma cells(INS-1) and its underlying mechanism. INS-1 were cultured and assigned to the following groups: normal glucose(NG), HG, HG+ET(100 mmol·L~(-1))(abbreviated as ET), HG+ET+HA(12.5, 25, 50 μmol·L~(-1))(abbreviated as HA), and HG+ET+HA(50 μmol·L~(-1))+AMP-activated protein kinase(AMPK) inhibitor compound C(comp.C, 2 μmol·L~(-1))(abbreviated as comp.C) to verify the mechanism of HA. CCK-8 assay was employed to evaluate cell viability. The formation of pyroptotic bodies was quantified under a microscope. Dichlorofluorescein diacetate probe was used to detect intracellular reactive oxygen species(ROS) levels. Western blot analysis was performed to determine the phosphorylation level of AMPK as well as the expression and activation of Nod-like receptor protein 3(NLRP3)/gasdermin D(GSDMD)-related proteins. Molecular docking was utilized to predict the binding affinity between HA and AMPK. Time-resolved fluorescence resonance energy transfer(TR-FRET) assay was applied to measure the effect of HA on the kinase activity of recombinant AMPK protein. The results demonstrated that compared with the NG group, the HG group showed decreased cell viability, increased number of pyroptotic bodies, reduced AMPK activity, and elevated ROS levels along with upregulated expression and activation of NLRP3/GSDMD-related proteins. Compared with the HG group, ET exposure further exacerbated these changes. Compared with the ET group, HA ameliorated the above abnormalities. Meanwhile, molecular docking analysis revealed that the binding affinity between HA and AMPK was-6.59 kcal·mol~(-1). TR-FRET assay indicated that HA enhanced the kinase activity of AMPK protein. After pretreatment of INS-1 with comp.C, the ameliorative effects of HA on the above abnormalities were abolished. In conclusion, HA ameliorates the ET-and HG-exacerbated pyroptosis in INS-1 by activating the AMPK signaling pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":52437,"journal":{"name":"Zhongguo Zhongyao Zazhi","volume":"51 18","pages":"5353-5362"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149186044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Application progress of metabonomics in mechanism analysis, quality control and toxicity studies of traditional Chinese medicine].","authors":"Chun-Xia Wang, Hui-Fang Nie, Yan Li, Qi Shi, Zheng-Jun Chen, Fu-de Yang","doi":"10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20260430.401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20260430.401","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Traditional Chinese medicine(TCM) has a long history and well-established therapeutic efficacy. However, its complex composition, unclear active ingredients, incompletely elucidated targets and mechanisms, reliance on single-component indicators in current quality evaluation, and existing safety concerns pose challenges to quality control in terms of standardization, traceability, and scientific evidence. As an important branch of systems biology, metabolomics enables dynamic analysis of global changes in endogenous metabolites at the molecular level, providing a powerful approach to address these issues. In recent years, metabolomics has facilitated the elucidation of multi-target synergistic effects of TCM, comprehensive quality evaluation of medicinal materials, and early warning of drug-induced toxicity through the detection of metabolic pathways and biomarkers, the construction of metabolic fingerprints, and the identification of early metabolic abnormalities. Therefore, this paper systematically reviewed the application of metabolomics in mechanism analysis, quality control, and toxicity studies of TCM, aiming to provide a reference for the scientific evaluation and modernization of TCM.</p>","PeriodicalId":52437,"journal":{"name":"Zhongguo Zhongyao Zazhi","volume":"51 17","pages":"4906-4916"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149186090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Meta-path-enhanced multimodal heterogeneous hypergraph Transformer for herbal compound-target interaction prediction].","authors":"Huan Li, Ran-Ran Zhao, Feng-Ming Chen, Bing Xu, Zhi-Shu Tang","doi":"10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20260421.201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20260421.201","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Herbal compound-target interaction(CTI) prediction is a key computational task for elucidating the multi-component and multi-target mechanisms of herbal medicines and identifying potential bioactive compounds. However, existing methods still have clear limitations in integrating multimodal information and modeling high-order compound-target relationships. To address these issues, we proposed a multimodal Meta-path-aware heterogeneous hypergraph transformer model, termed MMPAHHGT, and established a unified prediction framework that integrated multimodal biological feature learning with Meta-path-driven heterogeneous hypergraph representation learning. Specifically, the model first integrated the herb's property semantics, compound SMILES-based structural representations, target protein sequence representations, and functional and disease semantic priors to generate high-quality multimodal embeddings for compounds and targets. It then constructed a multi-view heterogeneous hypergraph based on Meta-path instances. A two-level attention propagation mechanism, including intra-hyperedge and inter-hyperedge attention, was introduced. This mechanism was further combined with type-aware co-attention, multi-head attention, and residual connections to effectively capture high-order interactions in the compound-target network and reduce interference from noisy links. The model ultimately output the probability of CTI. Experiments on two public datasets show that MMPAHHGT consistently outperforms multiple state-of-the-art baseline methods in terms of AUROC, AUPR, and F1-score. Systematic ablation studies further demonstrate the critical contributions of multimodal biological representations, hypergraph attention propagation, and Meta-path semantic fusion to the performance improvement of the model. Finally, molecular docking analysis supports the biological plausibility of the predicted results by the model.</p>","PeriodicalId":52437,"journal":{"name":"Zhongguo Zhongyao Zazhi","volume":"51 18","pages":"5316-5332"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149185724","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Quantification of processing intensity for wine-processed Angelicae Sinensis Radix based on sensory-chemical-biological correlation analysis and prediction of potential Q-marker].","authors":"Zheng Li, Wen-Juan Xu, Na Wang, Shuo Fan, Ze-Hua Chang, Ya-Zhu Yang, Xin-Ru Song, Yi-Xuan Wang, Liu-Hui Zhao, Shuai DU, Xin-Fang Xu, Xiang-Ri Li","doi":"10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20260608.301","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20260608.301","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper aims to establish a multidimensional evaluation model integrating appearance chromaticity, chemical fingerprints, and biological efficacy to scientifically quantify the processing intensity of wine-processed Angelicae Sinensis Radix and identify its processing-related quality marker(Q-marker). A colorimeter was used to digitally characterize the color evolution rule of Angelicae Sinensis Radix under different wine-processing temperatures(80, 120, and 160 ℃). High-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC) fingerprints combined with partial least squares discriminant analysis(PLS-DA) were used to analyze the variation rule of ferulic acid, phthalides, 5-hydroxymethylfurfural(5-HMF), and other components. Meanwhile, the phenol-sulfuric acid method was used to monitor the dynamic changes in polysaccharide content. A phenylhydrazine-induced zebrafish hemolytic anemia model was further introduced, and erythrocyte regeneration, heart rate, and hemodynamic parameters were taken as evaluation indices. The pharmacodynamic differences among Angelicae Sinensis Radix slices, wine-processed Angelicae Sinensis Radix decoctions, and their crude polysaccharide fractions. The suitable wine-processing condition was determined as stir-frying at 120 ℃ for 12-15 min. Under this condition, the powder of the prepared slices appeared deep yellow(L~*=69, a~*=5.5); the polysaccharide content of the prepared slices was significantly enriched compared with that of the raw material, reaching a maximum of 11.34%; an equilibrium was achieved between ferulic acid retention and 5-HMF formation. PLS-DA identified 5-HMF, ferulic acid, coniferyl ferulate, ligustilide, characteristic peak a, and other key differential markers. Pharmacodynamic evaluation of Zebrafish shows that the blood-enriching and blood-activating effects of wine-processed Angelicae Sinensis Radix were significantly stronger than those of Angelicae Sinensis Radix slices. Among them, the crude polysaccharides of wine-processed Angelicae Sinensis Radix contributed most to erythrocyte recovery and microcirculation improvement, showing significantly stronger effects than the water extract. This study established a multidimensional correlation evaluation model based on &quot;appearance color-chemical components-biological efficacy&quot; and suggested that polysaccharide dissolution enhancement during processing is a core mechanism underlying the efficacy enhancement of wine processing. Based on this correlation analysis, a system integrating &quot;macromolecule + small molecule&quot; and Q-marker for wine-processed Angelicae Sinensis Radix was successfully predicted and established, covering ferulic acid, 5-HMF, ligustilide, and Angelicae Sinensis Radix polysaccharides. This study not only realizes the scientific quantification of processing intensity, but also provides an objective basis for improving quality control standards for wine-processed Angelicae Sinensis Radix.</p>","PeriodicalId":52437,"journal":{"name":"Zhongguo Zhongyao Zazhi","volume":"51 18","pages":"5262-5272"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149185917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Differentiation and treatment of chronic cough based on \"sweat pore-lung collateral\" theory].","authors":"Min Ye, Xiao-Tong Zhu, Ting-Hui Yu, Xiao Qi, Zhen-Wei Wang, Hai-Yin Huang, Jun-de Huang, Wen-Jie Xu, Jun-Hao Zhang, Yin Xia, Bin-Bin Chen, Li-Feng Sun","doi":"10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20260526.501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20260526.501","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The &quot;sweat pore-lung collateral&quot; theory represents a distinctive integration of micro-morphology and collateral disease theory in TCM. Sweat pores are distributed throughout the body, serving as gateways for the entry and exit of Qi and fluids and governing opening and closing. Lung collaterals are slender and tortuous channels responsible for the distribution of Qi and blood and governing transportation. These two systems complement and support each other, jointly forming the micro-structural foundation for the lung's functions of governing respiration and regulating water pathways. Chronic cough is characterized by a prolonged course, recurrent attacks, and difficulty in recovery, and its pathogenesis is not confined to a single Zang organ or stage. Based on the &quot;sweat pore-lung collateral&quot; theory, this paper proposes that the core pathogenesis of chronic cough evolves through the following stages: stagnation and closure of sweat pores, obstruction of lung collaterals, binding of stasis and toxin, and depletion of collaterals with sweat pore wasting. The key lies in the dynamic changes between dysfunctional opening-closing of sweat pores and disturbed distribution and transport of lung collaterals. Accordingly, the general therapeutic principle is to open the sweat pores and dredge the lung collaterals. In clinical practice, the disease is managed through staged differentiation and treatment in four phases. In the initial stage, exogenous wind invasion leads to stagnation and closure of sweat pores, with pathogenic factors hidden in the lung collaterals; treatment should open the sweat pores to expel pathogens, and disperse latent wind with acrid and dispersing methods to interrupt disease progression. In the middle stage, prolonged closure of sweat pores leads to impaired Qi and fluid dispersion, with phlegm-dampness accumulating into nests that block the lung collaterals; treatment should disperse stagnation, transform turbidity, free the collaterals, and eliminate the nests to prevent deeper transmission of pathogens. In the critical stage, phlegm, heat, stasis, and toxin become interlocked, with closed sweat pores and damaged collaterals, resulting in severe disease; treatment should dispel stasis, resolve toxin, open the sweat pores, and clear the collaterals to reverse the disease mechanism. In the advanced stage, pathogenic factors are partially eliminated but healthy Qi is damaged, with vacuous collaterals and sweat pore wasting, accompanied by dual depletion of Qi and Yin; treatment should tonify Qi, nourish Yin, replenish the collaterals, and restore the sweat pores to consolidate the root and ensure a favorable outcome. The four-stage treatment closely follows the evolution of sweat pore opening-closing and lung collateral patency-obstruction, progressing from exterior to interior and from excess to deficiency, with methods determined by patterns and prescriptions derived from principles. A representative ca","PeriodicalId":52437,"journal":{"name":"Zhongguo Zhongyao Zazhi","volume":"51 18","pages":"5185-5197"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149185925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Effects and mechanisms of Shenqi Jiangtang Granules in improving sarcopenia in type 2 diabetes mellitus through multiple targets by regulating glucose and lipid metabolism disorder and mitophagy in skeletal muscle].","authors":"Sen-Lin Mu, Xin Li, Yi-Gang Wan, Ping Chen, Yu Wang, Qi-Han He, Tian-Qing Sang, Ying-Lu Liu, Qi-Jun Fang, Fee-Lan Chong, Wei Wu","doi":"10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20260603.701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20260603.701","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;This study aims to explore the effects and mechanisms of Shenqi Jiangtang Granules(SJG) in improving sarcopenia in type 2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM) by regulating glucose and lipid metabolism disorders and mitophagy in skeletal muscle. Firstly, the modified T2DM with sarcopenia rat models characterized by glucose and lipid metabolism disorders and sarcopenia were established. After modeling successfully, the model rats received either the low-dose of SJG(L-SJG), the high-dose of SJG(H-SJG), rosiglitazone(RSG), or normal saline(as a vehicle) via gavage for 8 weeks, respectively. In the in vivo study, for the model rats, diabetic phenotypic characteristics, glucose and lipid metabolism indicators were examined; sarcopenia indicators including gastrocnemius mass coefficient, forelimb grip strength, gastrocnemius histopathological features, and the protein expression levels and extent of muscle atrophy markers such as Atrogin-1 and MURF-1 in gastrocnemius were also detected. Additionally, mitochondrial morphology and the protein expression levels of mitophagy markers including Tom20, Beclin1, LC3Ⅱ/LC3Ⅰ, P62 in gastrocnemius, insulin resistance(IR) indicators, and the protein expression levels of key signaling molecules in the insulin receptor substrate 1(IRS1)/phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase(PI3K)/serine-threonine kinase(AKT) pathway in gastrocnemius were assessed, respectively. Secondly, in the in vitro study, the C2C12 myotube cells were treated with high glucose(HG) combined with palmitic acid(PA), followed by intervention with H-SJG-containing serum, RSG, or a mitophagy agonist named by CCCP. The protein expression levels and intensity of mitophagy markers, IR indices, and the protein expression levels of key signaling molecules of the IRS1/PI3K/AKT pathway in cells were detected. In addition, in the network pharmacology and non-targeted muscle metabolomics studies, the &quot;Chinese medicine-component-target&quot; network of SJG was constructed using Cytoscape 3.10.1. The OMIM and Gene Cards databases were used to integrate targets related to T2DM and sarcopenia. The DAVID database was applied to perform Gene Ontology(GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes(KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses on the intersection targets of SJG, T2DM, and sarcopenia. Non-targeted metabolomics was adopted to analyze the characteristics of gastrocnemius in rats, screen the potential biomarkers, and enrich the related metabolic pathways. The results of the above-mentioned study indicated that the effect of SJG in ameliorating sarcopenia in T2DM might be associated with regulation of mitophagy, IR, and the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. More importantly, the in vivo results showed that both SJG and RSG could improve diabetic phenotypic characteristics, glucose and lipid metabolism disorders, sarcopenia, mitochondrial morphology and the protein expression levels of mitophagy markers in gastrocnemius, IR, and the protein expression levels of key signaling molecules","PeriodicalId":52437,"journal":{"name":"Zhongguo Zhongyao Zazhi","volume":"51 18","pages":"5146-5160"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149185949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Prospects for research on preparation and application of protoplasts from medicinal plants].","authors":"Hai-Yang Xu, Hong-Xia Xing, Mao-Wei Zheng, Zhong-Yang Zhou, Fu-Qiang Hou, Chun-Yang Zhang, Hou-Wei Wang","doi":"10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20260528.401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19540/j.cnki.cjcmm.20260528.401","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As naked single cells with cell walls removed, protoplasts from medicinal plants serve as an ideal experimental system for overcoming barriers to distant hybridization in plants and achieving precise germplasm innovation, providing a new pathway for germplasm improvement. This paper systematically reviews the technical system for the isolation, purification, culture, and regeneration of medicinal plant protoplasts, and provides an in-depth comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of different technical approaches as well as their applicable scenarios. In response to practical cultivation bottlenecks currently faced by the TCM industry, such as degradation of wild germplasm resources, continuous cropping obstacles, and low levels of effective secondary metabolites, this paper focuses on the necessity of introducing protoplast technology into medicinal plant breeding and its cutting-edge applications in genetic engineering. Through somatic hybridization and DNA-free genome editing, protoplast technology overcomes the limitations of conventional sexual reproduction, enabling the directed recombination of superior parental traits and the efficient synthesis of targeted active constituents. This approach not only provides new technical means for improving the quality and yield of medicinal materials, but also opens up new avenues for addressing the depletion of TCM resources, holding important theoretical significance and practical industrial value.</p>","PeriodicalId":52437,"journal":{"name":"Zhongguo Zhongyao Zazhi","volume":"51 17","pages":"4917-4925"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149185954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}