Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts最新文献

{"title":"Production of solid fuels by hydrothermal treatment of wastes of biomass, plastic, and biomass/plastic mixtures: A review","authors":"Qingxin Zheng ,&nbsp;Zixian Li ,&nbsp;Masaru Watanabe","doi":"10.1016/j.jobab.2022.09.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobab.2022.09.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Traditional disposal methods of biomass and plastic waste, such as landfill, combustion, and compost, no longer meet the requirements of carbon reduction, carbon neutrality, and sustainable society due to low utilization efficiency and severe pollution. As a green, efficient and environmentally-friendly method, hydrothermal technology has been paid much attention to and has already been applied to recycle or reuse various plastic and biomass wastes. No matter for the single or mixed type of waste, it is expected to achieve efficient recycling and obtain value-added products through the hydrothermal process. This review summarized the basic knowledge of hydrothermal technology and the possible reaction mechanism of biomass and plastics under hydrothermal conditions and listed the previous reports on the application of hydrothermal technology for converting wastes of biomass, plastic, and biomass/plastic mixtures to solid fuels. Moreover, regarding the future of hydrothermal technology, four points related to reaction mechanism, synergistic effect, catalysis, and scaled-up application, were provided for consideration.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52344,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts","volume":"7 4","pages":"Pages 221-244"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2369969822000573/pdfft?md5=12cc7f5952e17e7e273041bf3a763932&pid=1-s2.0-S2369969822000573-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47080431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamical mechanical behaviors of rubber-filled wood fiber composites with urea formaldehyde resin","authors":"Feiyu Tian,&nbsp;Xinwu Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.jobab.2022.05.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobab.2022.05.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Wood composites glued with thermosetting synthetic resins tend to show inadequate damping performance caused by the cured resinous matrix. Waste rubber maintains prominent elasticity and is feasible to be an optional modifier. To that end, composite panels of granulated tire rubber (GTR) powders and thermal-mechanically pulped wood fibers were fabricated in this study. Urea formaldehyde (UF) resin was applied as the bonding agent (10% based on wood/rubber total weight). Dynamical mechanical analysis (DMA) was conducted to disclose the thermo-mechanical behaviors of the rubber-filled wood fiber composites. Influence of two technical parameters, i.e., GTR powder size (0.55–1.09 mm) and addition content (10%, 20% and 30% based on wood/rubber total weight), was specifically discussed. The results showed that storage modulus (<em>E</em>') of the rubber-filled composite decreased while loss factor (tan <em>δ</em>) increased monotonously along with elevated temperature. A steady “plateau” region among 110–170 °C was found where both <em>E</em>' and tan <em>δ</em> keep constant. Accordingly, tan <em>δ</em> showed two peak values at 103–108 and 231–233 °C due to glass transition of lignin and thermal degradation of hemicellulose, respectively. Addition of rubber fillers resulted in lower bending and internal bonding strengths as well as storage modulus values. When the temperature was above 183 °C, all the rubber-filled composites showed higher tan <em>δ</em> values than the control. The findings above fully demonstrate the improved damping performance of the UF-bonded wood fiber composites on account of rubber component. Further work is still needed to optimize the rubber/fiber interfacial bonding strength.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52344,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts","volume":"7 4","pages":"Pages 320-327"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2369969822000378/pdfft?md5=4f7b42b496301dfd2cc9e063b6ed3221&pid=1-s2.0-S2369969822000378-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43142355","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation and properties of hydrophobic and transparent wood","authors":"Linhu Ding,&nbsp;Xiaoshuai Han,&nbsp;Lian Chen,&nbsp;Shaohua Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.jobab.2022.02.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobab.2022.02.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Natural wood (NW) was treated with sodium chlorite to obtain delignified wood (DW) in this study, then epoxy was impregnated to get transparent wood (TW), and finally the TW was coated with perfluorodecyltriethoxysilane (FAS) to acquire hydrophobic and transparent wood (HTW). The hydroxyl group generated by the hydrolysis of the FAS and the hydroxyl group of the epoxy underwent a dehydration condensation reaction to generate a Si–O–C bond, while the FAS molecules were also dehydrated and condensed to form a Si–O–Si bond according to Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). Therefore, the mechanical property and thermal stability of the HTW were better than the TW based on their tensile tests and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Due to the large reduction of hydroxyl in epoxy, the hydrophobicity of the HTW was greatly improved compared with the TW, and their contact angles were 113° and 77°, respectively. The results of scanning electron microscopy (SEM) showed that epoxy was filled in the voids of wood. In addition, the coating of the FAS did not obviously reduce the transmittance, and the transmittance of the TW and HTW was 69% and 67% at 750 nm. All in all, the HTW has potential for application in transparent decoration.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52344,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts","volume":"7 4","pages":"Pages 295-305"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2369969822000482/pdfft?md5=437813db2abf04a1d348b592132c1b65&pid=1-s2.0-S2369969822000482-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43785237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Alternative wood treatment with blends of linseed oil, alcohols and pyrolysis oil","authors":"Jost Ruwoldt,&nbsp;Kai Toven","doi":"10.1016/j.jobab.2022.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobab.2022.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Linseed oil is a common wood treatment agent, which is often blended with naphthenic oil during its application. In this study, we developed new types of linseed oil blends, where the naphthenic oil was substituted with alcohols and pyrolysis oil. As miscibility tests revealed, linseed oil can be blended indefinitely with primary alcohols containing three carbon atoms or more. In addition, kinetic stability of three-component-mixtures was found, which comprised linseed oil, alcohol and pyrolysis oil. The developed blends were further tested for their viscosity and rate of solvent evaporation. At last, trial impregnations of wood were done to test this new treatment agent. The uptake of treatment oil and the effect on water repellency varied, and substituting white spirit with propanol and pyrolysis oil showed potential. The latter were miscible with 50% (wt) linseed oil at concentrations of 37.5% 1- or 2-propanol and 12.5% pyrolysis oil. Compared with the reference case, treatment with this agent markedly decreased the water-uptake of the wood. Our study hence attributes great potential to the newly developed linseed oil blends, which may introduce additional product characteristics and generate value to byproducts via pyrolysis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52344,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts","volume":"7 4","pages":"Pages 278-287"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2369969822000524/pdfft?md5=d68a60081fe0436c23df48b7a1cbe97e&pid=1-s2.0-S2369969822000524-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41719765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Microwave torrefaction of empty fruit bunch pellet: Simulation and validation of electric field and temperature distribution","authors":"Peter Nai Yuh Yek ,&nbsp;Sieng Huat Kong ,&nbsp;Ming Chiat Law ,&nbsp;Changlei Xia ,&nbsp;Rock Keey Liew ,&nbsp;Teck Sung Sie ,&nbsp;Jun Wei Lim ,&nbsp;Su Shiung Lam","doi":"10.1016/j.jobab.2022.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobab.2022.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Microwave simulation is significant in identifying a reactor design allowing the biomass to be heated and processed evenly. This study integrated the radio frequency and transient heat transfer modules to simulate the microwave distribution and investigated the performance of microwave heating in the cavity. The simulation results were compared with the experimental findings using the finite element analysis software of COMSOL MULTIPHYSICS to predict the temperature profile and electric field of microwave in the biomass (empty fruit bunch pellets). The higher temperature distribution was observed at the bottom and centre section of the empty fruit bunch pellet bed in the reactor, showing the uniqueness of microwave heating. According to the simulation results, the temperature profile obtained through the specific cavity geometry and dielectric properties agreed with the experimental temperature profile. The simulated temperature profile demonstrated a logarithmic increase of 120 °C/min at the first 50 s followed by 50 °C/min until 350 s. The experimental temperature profile showed three different heating rates before reaching 300 °C, including 78.3 °C/min (50–120 °C), 30.6 °C/min (121–250 °C), and 105 °C/min (250–300 °C). The results of this study might contribute to the improvement of microwave heating in biomass torrefaction.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52344,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts","volume":"7 4","pages":"Pages 270-277"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S236996982200055X/pdfft?md5=209589673b798a0041a3b434b74249ff&pid=1-s2.0-S236996982200055X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43846503","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of ligninolytic activity in spent mushroom substrate from four cultivated mushrooms","authors":"Ana Marión Pérez-Chávez,&nbsp;María Melisa Alberti,&nbsp;Edgardo Albertó","doi":"10.1016/j.jobab.2022.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobab.2022.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Spent mushroom substrate (SMS) is an abundant residue generated by the mushroom industry, which is mostly discarded. In this study, the SMS of four cultivated mushrooms were evaluated as potential sources of ligninolytic enzymes. <em>Pleurotus ostreatus, P. eryngii, P. djamor</em> and <em>Ganoderma lucidum</em> were cultivated in two different substrates to determine growth, mushroom yields and ligninolytic activity of laccase (Lac) and manganese peroxidase (MnP). Maximum activities in the SMS were 3.731 U/g Lac and 0.191 U/g MnP, both for <em>P. eryngii</em>. Colonized mushroom substrates were also analyzed, and higher activities were found in almost all samples. A correlation test between mushroom yields and ligninolytic activities of each culture was made, and we found that high enzymatic activity in the substrate did not result in high mushroom productivity or vice versa. The SMS was a good source of ligninolytic enzymes. Enzymatic activity depended on the mushroom species and its affinity to the substrate, and it was not influenced by the mushroom yields. Production of mushrooms in diverse lignocellulosic substrates is gaining interest, and obtaining ligninolytic enzymes from residual SMS is an excellent alternative in the circular economy concept.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52344,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts","volume":"7 4","pages":"Pages 288-294"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2369969822000548/pdfft?md5=13a2e6ef7e45809f5f8db714e7962e8a&pid=1-s2.0-S2369969822000548-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43291275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physico-mechanical characteristics of bast fibres of Sesamum indicum and Sesamum radiatum for bioprospecting","authors":"Ancy S Watson,&nbsp;Suhara Beevy S","doi":"10.1016/j.jobab.2022.07.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobab.2022.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Natural fibres are renewable, inexpensive and biodegradable sources of sustainable materials from plants or animals. Bast fibres, as the notable natural fibres, are gathered from the outer cell layers of the stem of plant. Mature and young bast fibres from two species of <em>Sesamum</em>, namely <em>Sesamum indicum</em> L. and <em>S. radiatum</em> Schumach. &amp; Thonn. were extracted through traditional water retting technique and analyzed for their physical, mechanical and chemical attributes. Anatomical studies revealed polygon shaped phloem (bast fibre) cells with small lumen were similar to jute, in terms of architecture, and bagasse, in terms of lumen size. Upon extraction and subsequent drying, the young stems of <em>S. radiatum</em> were found to yield more bast fibres by mass compared with the rest of the <em>Sesamum</em> samples, that was, 0.59 g (dry weight) of bast fibres from 100 g (fresh weight) of stem. According to stereo microscopic images, the mature <em>S. radiatum</em> fibres had rougher edges than the rest. Both <em>S. indicum</em> and <em>S. radiatum</em> fibre surfaces also seemed to have pores, according to scanning electron microscopy (SEM) images. The porosity appeared to get more pronounced as the plants got older. The <em>Sesamum</em> bast fibres were also found to be extremely hydrophilic with a high-water retention value. The fibres obtained from <em>S. radiatum</em> were determined to be suitable for the textile industry due to their light colour, ideal diameter and length, and water-holding capacity that matched the requirements of fabric manufacturing. Even in the absence of a mordant, the mature fibres showed a significant degree and evenness of Alizarin dye attachment, which might be correlated to the increase in fibre surface roughness with fibre maturity. These fibres were also discovered to be comparable with jute in terms of phloem cell shape (polygonal), diameter (13–15 m), tenacity (12.86–32.54 gf/(g·km^–1)), and linear density (2.5–3.3 g/km). It suggested that they might find industrial applications if further research were to be done.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52344,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts","volume":"7 4","pages":"Pages 306-319"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2369969822000536/pdfft?md5=5770b97a57a131a12385ad8f07235004&pid=1-s2.0-S2369969822000536-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46449816","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of a poly(hydroxyalkanoate) elastomer and kraft pulp fibres on biocomposite properties and three-dimensional (3D) printability of filaments for fused deposition modelling","authors":"Sandra Rodríguez-Fabià,&nbsp;Gary Chinga-Carrasco","doi":"10.1016/j.jobab.2022.03.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobab.2022.03.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Three-dimensional (3D) printing is a useful technique that allows the creation of objects with complex structures by deposition of successive layers of material. These materials are often from fossil origin. However, efforts are being made to produce environmentally friendly materials for 3D printing. The addition of lignocellulosic fibres to a polymer matrix is one of the alternatives to replace, for instance, glass fibres in composites as reinforcing materials. The fields of biocomposites and 3D printing open innovative application areas for pulp fibres from the pulp and paper industry. In this work, biocomposites of poly(lactic acid) (PLA), poly(hydroxyalkanoate) (PHA) and kraft pulp fibres were prepared in order to find a suitable formulation for filaments for 3D printing. The effect of two different types of kraft fibres (bleached (B) and unbleached (U)) and of PHA on the mechanical and thermal properties of the biocomposites was assessed. The addition of 30% kraft fibres to PLA resulted in an increase of the tensile modulus from 3074 to ∼4800 MPa. In the case of biocomposites containing PHA (50% PLA/20% PHA/30% kraft) the increase in modulus was more moderate (PLA+PHA+U: 3838 MPa, and PLA+PHA+B: 3312 MPa). The tensile strength of PLA (66 MPa) increased to 77 MPa in PLA+kraft biocomposites, while a reduction in strength was observed for PLA+PHA+U (43 MPa) and PLA+PHA+B (32 MPa). Filaments prepared with PLA, PHA and bleached and unbleached pulp fibres showed similar printability of complex geometries, demonstrating that unbleached pulp fibres could also be utilized in the preparation of biocomposites with good mechanical performance and 3D printing properties.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52344,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts","volume":"7 3","pages":"Pages 161-172"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2369969822000226/pdfft?md5=557ed00ede28c6eb1c7d4f3fa357603a&pid=1-s2.0-S2369969822000226-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41399689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing yield and chemical compositions of dimethylsulfoxide-extracted birchwood xylan","authors":"Mingquan Zhang ,&nbsp;Jamshed Bobokalonov ,&nbsp;Abduvali Dzhonmurodov ,&nbsp;Zhouyang Xiang","doi":"10.1016/j.jobab.2022.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobab.2022.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) extraction is commonly used to study the chemical structures of original xylan in the plant cell wall, since the DMSO can preserve the original structure of the xylan as much as possible during the extracting process. In addition, the DMSO-extracted xylans have unique properties allowing their potential applications in emulsifying or filming materials. However, the yield of DMSO-extracted xylan is always low and the effects of different DMSO extraction conditions on the chemical compositions of xylan have not been fully studied, which greatly hinders its researches and applications. In this study, we have found that extensive delignification before DMSO extraction results in destruction of lignin-carbohydrate complex (LCC), leading to xylan yield and xylose unit content increased by up to 220% and 20%, respectively. Tert-butanol washing of the holocellulose can further increase the DMSO extracted xylan yield by ∼10%. The yield of xylan extracted by the DMSO at 80 °C for 7 h was obviously higher than that at room temperature for 3 d by 30%–40%. Thermal analysis showed that the xylans extracted at different conditions had thermal stability without obvious differences. The results indicate that the DMSO-extracted xylan with a high yield, a high purity and a high degree of acetylation can be extracted at a high delignification level, a high reaction temperature and a short reaction time. This study is of great significance for studying xylan structure-property relationships and promoting the applications of DMSO-extracted xylan.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52344,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts","volume":"7 3","pages":"Pages 211-219"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2369969822000391/pdfft?md5=a471f676753de1e0c8fb2d0845ea37d4&pid=1-s2.0-S2369969822000391-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43811552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Characterization of natural fiber from manau rattan (Calamus manan) as a potential reinforcement for polymer-based composites","authors":"Linhu Ding ,&nbsp;Xiaoshuai Han ,&nbsp;Lihua Cao ,&nbsp;Yiming Chen ,&nbsp;Zhe Ling ,&nbsp;Jingquan Han ,&nbsp;Shuijian He ,&nbsp;Shaohua Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.jobab.2021.11.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jobab.2021.11.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Researches on novel natural fibers in polymer-based composites will help promote the invention of novel reinforcement and expand their possible applications. Herein, in this study, novel cellulosic fibers were extracted from the stem of manau rattan (<em>Calamus manan</em>) by mechanical separation. The chemical, thermal, mechanical and morphological properties of manau rattan fibers were comprehensively analyzed and studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), single fiber tensile test and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Component analysis results showed that the cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin contents of <em>C. manan</em> fibers were 42wt%, 20wt%, and 27wt%, respectively. The surface of the rattan fiber was hydrophilic according to the oxygen/carbon ratio of 0.49. The <em>C. manan</em> has a crystalline index of 48.28%, inducing a maximum degradation temperature of 332.8 °C. This reveals that it can be used as a reinforcement for thermoplastic composites whose operating temperature is below 300 °C. The average tensile strength can reach (273.28 ± 52.88) MPa, which is beneficial to improve the mechanical properties of rattan fiber reinforced composites. The SEM images displayed the rough surface of the fiber, which helped to enhance the interfacial adhesion between the fibers and matrices in composites. These results indicate the great potential of <em>C. manan</em> fibers as the reinforcement in polymer-based composites.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52344,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Bioresources and Bioproducts","volume":"7 3","pages":"Pages 190-200"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2369969821000827/pdfft?md5=5481477008c4710a03512f7e7e06e51a&pid=1-s2.0-S2369969821000827-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41757291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}