Astrodynamics最新文献

GTOC12: Methods and results from the National University of Defense Technology

IF 2.7 1区物理与天体物理

Astrodynamics Pub Date : 2025-03-04 DOI: 10.1007/s42064-024-0247-z

Yu Zhang, Yuehe Zhu, Jiacheng Zhang, Hanwei Wang, Ke Jin, Lifeng Fu

{"title":"GTOC12: Methods and results from the National University of Defense Technology","authors":"Yu Zhang, Yuehe Zhu, Jiacheng Zhang, Hanwei Wang, Ke Jin, Lifeng Fu","doi":"10.1007/s42064-024-0247-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42064-024-0247-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper presents the solutions and results of the 12th edition of the Global Trajectory Optimization Competition (GTOC12) of the National University of Defense and Technology. To address the complex interstellar mining problem proposed by GTOC12, our solution is divided into two stages. The first stage focuses on preliminary work, including the target selection, the establishment of departure and return databases, and the development of methods to estimate transfer costs, with the aim of enhancing planning efficiency during the global planning phase. The second stage involves trajectory optimization for multiple mining ships, including single-mining-ship trajectory optimization and a multiship iterative process. For single-mining-ship trajectory optimization, the method involves three steps: first, employ a heuristic method for planning the first rendezvous sequences; second, utilize an ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm for planning the second rendezvous sequences; and third, apply a differential evolution (DE) algorithm alongside an indirect method to refine rendezvous times and low-thrust trajectories. Through the implementation of a multiship iterative strategy, the team accomplished trajectory optimization for multiple mining ships that met the constraints. The final score submitted by the team was 15,160.946, which achieved the sixth place in the competition.</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":52291,"journal":{"name":"Astrodynamics","volume":"9 1","pages":"129 - 141"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42064-024-0247-z.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143533230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Asteroid mining: ACT&Friends’ results for the GTOC12 problem

IF 2.7 1区物理与天体物理

Astrodynamics Pub Date : 2025-03-04 DOI: 10.1007/s42064-024-0204-x

Dario Izzo, Marcus Märtens, Laurent Beauregard, Max Bannach, Giacomo Acciarini, Emmanuel Blazquez, Alexander Hadjiivanov, Jai Grover, Gernot Heißel, Yuri Shimane, Chit Hong Yam

{"title":"Asteroid mining: ACT&Friends’ results for the GTOC12 problem","authors":"Dario Izzo, Marcus Märtens, Laurent Beauregard, Max Bannach, Giacomo Acciarini, Emmanuel Blazquez, Alexander Hadjiivanov, Jai Grover, Gernot Heißel, Yuri Shimane, Chit Hong Yam","doi":"10.1007/s42064-024-0204-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42064-024-0204-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In 2023, the 12th edition of Global Trajectory Competition was organized around the problem referred to as “Sustainable Asteroid Mining”. This paper reports the developments that led to the solution proposed by ESA’s Advanced Concepts Team. Beyond the fact that the proposed approach failed to rank higher than fourth in the final competition leader-board, several innovative fundamental methodologies were developed which have a broader application. In particular, new methods based on machine learning as well as on manipulating the fundamental laws of astrodynamics were developed and able to fill with remarkable accuracy the gap between full low-thrust trajectories and their representation as impulsive Lambert transfers. A novel technique was devised to formulate the challenge of optimal subset selection from a repository of pre-existing optimal mining trajectories as an integer linear programming problem. Finally, the fundamental problem of searching for single optimal mining trajectories (mining and collecting all resources), albeit ignoring the possibility of having intra-ship collaboration and thus sub-optimal in the case of the GTOC12 problem, was efficiently solved by means of a novel search based on a look-ahead score and thus making sure to select asteroids that had chances to be re-visited later on.</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":52291,"journal":{"name":"Astrodynamics","volume":"9 1","pages":"19 - 40"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143533233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

GTOC12: Results from TheAntipodes

IF 2.7 1区物理与天体物理

Astrodynamics Pub Date : 2025-03-04 DOI: 10.1007/s42064-024-0219-3

Roberto Armellin, Andrea Bellome, Xiaoyu Fu, Harry Holt, Cristina Parigini, Minduli Wijayatunga, Jack Yarndley

{"title":"GTOC12: Results from TheAntipodes","authors":"Roberto Armellin, Andrea Bellome, Xiaoyu Fu, Harry Holt, Cristina Parigini, Minduli Wijayatunga, Jack Yarndley","doi":"10.1007/s42064-024-0219-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42064-024-0219-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We present the solution approach developed by the team “TheAntipodes” during the 12th edition of the Global Trajectory Optimization Competition (GTOC12). An overview of the approach is as follows: (1) generate asteroid subsets, (2) chain building with beam search, (3) convex low-thrust trajectory optimization, (4) manual refinement of rendezvous times, and (5) optimal solution set selection. The generation of asteroid subsets involves a heuristic process to find sets of asteroids that are likely to permit high-scoring asteroid chains. Asteroid sequences “chains” are built within each subset through a beam search based on Lambert transfers. Low-thrust trajectory optimization involves the use of sequential convex programming (SCP), where a specialized formulation finds the mass-optimal control for each ship’s trajectory within seconds. Once a feasible trajectory has been found, the rendezvous times are manually refined with the aid of the control profile from the optimal solution. Each ship’s individual solution is then placed into a pool where the feasible set that maximizes the final score is extracted using a genetic algorithm. Our final submitted solution placed fifth with a score of 15,489.</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":52291,"journal":{"name":"Astrodynamics","volume":"9 1","pages":"55 - 75"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42064-024-0219-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143533232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Sustainable Asteroid Mining: Results and methods of team BIT-CAS-DFH for GTOC12

IF 2.7 1区物理与天体物理

Astrodynamics Pub Date : 2025-03-04 DOI: 10.1007/s42064-024-0241-5

Bo Pang, Yangyuxi Sun, Guoxu Zhang, Yining Zhang, Tianhao Zhu, Yangxin Wang, Zihan Jin, Zhaohang Li, Lvzheng He, Meng Lu, Rui Zhou, Yongchen Yin, Yunong Shang, Shengmao He, Chao Peng, Zhengfan Zhu, Yang Zhang, Yang Gao, Changxuan Wen

{"title":"Sustainable Asteroid Mining: Results and methods of team BIT-CAS-DFH for GTOC12","authors":"Bo Pang, Yangyuxi Sun, Guoxu Zhang, Yining Zhang, Tianhao Zhu, Yangxin Wang, Zihan Jin, Zhaohang Li, Lvzheng He, Meng Lu, Rui Zhou, Yongchen Yin, Yunong Shang, Shengmao He, Chao Peng, Zhengfan Zhu, Yang Zhang, Yang Gao, Changxuan Wen","doi":"10.1007/s42064-024-0241-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42064-024-0241-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The 12th Global Trajectory Optimization Competition challenged teams to design trajectories for mining asteroids and transporting extracted resources back to the Earth. This paper outlines the methods and results of the runner-up team, BIT-CAS-DFH, highlighting an overall analysis of the approach as well as detailed descriptions of the methods used. The approach begins with building databases to reduce computational costs in trajectory design. Then, asteroid sequences are determined. A segmentation-based approach was adopted to efficiently handle the large dataset. Each sequence was divided into four time-based segments. Segments 1 and 4 were generated forward and backward, respectively, using a breadth-first beam search. Candidates for these segments were refined using genetic and greedy algorithms. Segments 2 and 3 were then generated and selected forward and backward based on the results of Segments 1 and 4. Following this, a matching process paired candidates from Segments 2 and 3. With the asteroid sequences established, low-thrust trajectories were optimized using indirect methods. A local optimization strategy was employed to maximize the collected mass by fine-tuning rendezvous timings. The final solution is presented, with comparative analyses against other teams’ approaches.\u0000</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":52291,"journal":{"name":"Astrodynamics","volume":"9 1","pages":"107 - 128"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143533229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Editorial for the GTOC12 Special Issue

IF 2.7 1区物理与天体物理

Astrodynamics Pub Date : 2025-03-04 DOI: 10.1007/s42064-025-0267-3

Fanghua Jiang, Hexi Baoyin

引用次数: 0

Sustainable Asteroid Mining: On the design of GTOC12 problem and summary of results

IF 2.7 1区物理与天体物理

Astrodynamics Pub Date : 2025-03-04 DOI: 10.1007/s42064-024-0199-3

Zhong Zhang, Nan Zhang, Xiang Guo, Di Wu, Xuan Xie, Jia Yang, Fanghua Jiang, Hexi Baoyin

引用次数: 0

GTOC12: Results from Σ team

IF 2.7 1区物理与天体物理

Astrodynamics Pub Date : 2025-03-04 DOI: 10.1007/s42064-024-0232-6

Kaiduo Wang, Qi Ouyang, Yandong Liu, Bin Li, Yirui Wang, Haohao Li, Bowen Dong, Dawei Fan, Jiening Zhao, Shurui Huang, Shaofeng Li, Yong Liu, Mingtao Li, Gefei Li, Xizheng Yu, Youliang Wang

{"title":"GTOC12: Results from Σ team","authors":"Kaiduo Wang, Qi Ouyang, Yandong Liu, Bin Li, Yirui Wang, Haohao Li, Bowen Dong, Dawei Fan, Jiening Zhao, Shurui Huang, Shaofeng Li, Yong Liu, Mingtao Li, Gefei Li, Xizheng Yu, Youliang Wang","doi":"10.1007/s42064-024-0232-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42064-024-0232-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Asteroid mining is a potentially lucrative method for extracting resources from space. Water resources found on asteroids can serve as fuel supplies for spacecrafts in deep space, and some asteroids are rich in precious metals, offering immense potential economic value. The 12th Global Trajectory Optimization Competition, held in 2023, introduced a challenge to trajectory design for sustainable asteroid mining. Participating teams were tasked with maximizing the mining quantity over a 15-yr period by utilizing as many mining ships as possible to depart from the Earth, deploy miners on multiple asteroids, recover minerals, and return to the Earth. Σ team devised a strategy in which one ship completes one sequence, enabling the collection of minerals from 203 asteroids using 26 mining ships. This paper outlines the design methodology and outcomes of this approach, encompassing a preliminary analysis of the problem, optimization for the Earth departure and return, flight sequence search, and low-thrust conversion and optimization. Through methods such as asteroid selection and clustering, database building for Earth–asteroid transfers, global search with an impulsive model, local optimization with a low-thrust model, and conversion of remaining fuel into mining time, the computational efficiency was significantly enhanced, fuel consumption per unit mineral collection was reduced, and mining quantity was improved. Finally, the design outcomes of this approach are presented. The proposed trajectory design method enables the completion of multiple asteroid rendezvouses in a short time, providing valuable insights for future missions involving a single spacecraft conducting multiple rendezvouses with multiple asteroids.</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":52291,"journal":{"name":"Astrodynamics","volume":"9 1","pages":"89 - 106"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143533021","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

GTOC12: Results from the OptimiCS team

IF 2.7 1区物理与天体物理

Astrodynamics Pub Date : 2025-03-04 DOI: 10.1007/s42064-024-0223-7

Sébastien Goulet, Vincent Debout, Patrice Mathieu, Vincent Cucchietti, Maxime Journot, Julien Asquier, Romain Garmier, Laurène Beauvalet, Thierry Ceolin, Laurent Chausson, Pascal Parraud

{"title":"GTOC12: Results from the OptimiCS team","authors":"Sébastien Goulet, Vincent Debout, Patrice Mathieu, Vincent Cucchietti, Maxime Journot, Julien Asquier, Romain Garmier, Laurène Beauvalet, Thierry Ceolin, Laurent Chausson, Pascal Parraud","doi":"10.1007/s42064-024-0223-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42064-024-0223-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Establishing a sustainable mining expedition for the asteroids of the main belt over the 2035–2050 horizon is the visionary problem of the 12th Global Trajectory Optimisation Competition. A fleet of mining ships must rendezvous twice with asteroids to deploy miners and collect minerals. In this paper, we describe the approach of the CS Group team, OptimiCS, to solve this challenging problem. We present the symmetrical construction of upstream and downstream semi-sequences of asteroids, maximizing the mining time expectancy via a beam search with tabu iterations, and the composition of these semi-sequences into complete fleet routes, maximizing the total collected mass via simulated annealing. While representative Earth–asteroid legs are precomputed, the delta-<i>V</i> costs of the asteroid-to-asteroid hops composing the sequences are initially approximated during exploration via a method that refines the accuracy of the maximum initial mass. The resulting high-fidelity trajectories are adjusted and optimized via a direct method and nonlinear programming.</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":52291,"journal":{"name":"Astrodynamics","volume":"9 1","pages":"77 - 88"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143533020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

GTOC12: Results from Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics

IF 2.7 1区物理与天体物理

Astrodynamics Pub Date : 2025-03-04 DOI: 10.1007/s42064-024-0209-5

Yu Zhang, Jincheng Hu, Guoliang Liang, Hongwei Yang, Pengxuan Liu, Xinxi Zeng, Shuang Li, Bin Yang

引用次数: 0

Reinforced Lyapunov controllers for low-thrust lunar transfers 用于低推力月球转移的强化李亚普诺夫控制器

IF 2.7 1区物理与天体物理

Astrodynamics Pub Date : 2024-09-05 DOI: 10.1007/s42064-024-0212-x

Harry Holt, Nicola Baresi, Roberto Armellin

{"title":"Reinforced Lyapunov controllers for low-thrust lunar transfers","authors":"Harry Holt, Nicola Baresi, Roberto Armellin","doi":"10.1007/s42064-024-0212-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s42064-024-0212-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Future missions to the Moon and beyond are likely to involve low-thrust propulsion technologies due to their propellant efficiency. However, these still present a difficult trajectory design problem, owing to the near continuous thrust, lack of control authority and chaotic dynamics. Lyapunov control laws can generate sub-optimal trajectories for such missions with minimal computational cost and are suitable for feasibility studies and as initial guesses for optimisation methods. In this work a Reinforced Lyapunov Controller is used to design optimal low-thrust transfers from geostationary transfer orbit towards lunar polar orbit. Within the reinforcement learning (RL) framework, a dual-actor network setup is used, one in each of the Earth- and Moon-centred inertial frames respectively. A key contribution of this paper is the demonstration of a forwards propagated trajectory, removing the need to define a patch point <i>a priori</i>. This is enabled by an adaptive patch distance and extensive initial geometry exploration during the RL training. Results for both time- and fuel-optimal transfers are presented, along with a Monte Carlo analysis of the robustness to disturbances for such transfers. Phasing is introduced where necessary to aid rendezvous with the Moon. The results demonstrate the potential for such techniques to provide a basis for the design and guidance of low-thrust lunar transfers.</p><div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":52291,"journal":{"name":"Astrodynamics","volume":"8 4","pages":"633 - 656"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s42064-024-0212-x.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142410086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"物理与天体物理","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0