Neuroscience of Consciousness最新文献

{"title":"Correction: A data-driven approach to identifying and evaluating connectivity-based neural correlates of conscious visual perception.","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/nc/niag071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nc/niag071","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1093/nc/niag029.].</p>","PeriodicalId":52242,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience of Consciousness","volume":"2026 1","pages":"niag071"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13669618/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149217270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physicians' metacognition in medical decision-making.","authors":"Camille Lakhlifi, Rayan Kouzy, François-Xavier Lejeune, Nicolas Beuzon, Jérôme Mawet, Caroline Roos, Mehdi Khamassi, Benjamin Rohaut, Marion Rouault","doi":"10.1093/nc/niag064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nc/niag064","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A large literature reports that physicians are overconfident when making medical decisions. However, the validity of these findings is questioned due to methodology pitfalls leading to poor ecological validity. Moreover, most previous studies do not distinguish between (i) metacognitive bias, the general tendency to report high or low confidence irrespectively of actual accuracy, and (ii) metacognitive sensitivity, the capacity to discriminate between one's own correct and incorrect decisions. Here, we aim to overcome these limitations by drawing from state-of-the-art paradigms and tools from the cognitive science of metacognition. To examine overconfidence and to disentangle metacognitive bias from metacognitive sensitivity, we developed a carefully controlled set of case-vignettes of patients with headaches that was completed by 52 physicians. We found that physicians' confidence, reliably discriminated their correct from their incorrect decisions, demonstrating genuine metacognitive sensitivity. However, physicians were also overconfident, and this overconfidence was most pronounced among the least accurate participants. Moreover, the costliest errors (i.e. missed urgent cases) were held with higher confidence than unnecessary referrals. Finally, unlike previous reports, we found limited interindividual variability depending on specialty, gender, or seniority level, although our study was not powered for these comparisons.</p>","PeriodicalId":52242,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience of Consciousness","volume":"2026 1","pages":"niag064"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13652639/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149168467","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction to: The experiential self-state as affective salience: a dual self-states framework for consciousness and self-transcendence.","authors":"","doi":"10.1093/nc/niag065","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/nc/niag065","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1093/nc/niag033.].</p>","PeriodicalId":52242,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience of Consciousness","volume":"2026 1","pages":"niag065"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13640029/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149117707","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Calibration and transfer in indicator-based assessments of artificial consciousness.","authors":"Florentin Koch","doi":"10.1093/nc/niag061","DOIUrl":"10.1093/nc/niag061","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Research on artificial consciousness increasingly shifts evaluation from behaviour to internal architecture. Theory-based indicators are used to update probability assignments. This improves on behavioural tests but raises two distinct problems. First, these assignments cannot currently be calibrated against independently established artificial consciousness outcomes. Second, their evidential relevance is transferred from biological cases without independent support that indicator-consciousness relations remain stable across substrates. This commentary distinguishes calibration from transfer and adapts the iterative natural-kind strategy by proposing a preliminary, theory-relative comparative space for cross-substrate assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":52242,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience of Consciousness","volume":"2026 1","pages":"niag061"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13595351/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149026611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pluralism within limits: how to make the idea of multiple NCC kinds useful.","authors":"Lukas Kob, Tomáš Marvan","doi":"10.1093/nc/niag060","DOIUrl":"10.1093/nc/niag060","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Recently, several authors have argued that the current impasse in consciousness science supports a pluralistic interpretation: the view that seemingly contradictory findings may both be valid because consciousness can be brought about in different ways, each sufficient to generate conscious experience. We analyze different versions of pluralism to determine under what conditions it offers a viable interpretation of consciousness science. We argue that viable pluralism requires a two-factor framework distinguishing general consciousness factors (mechanisms rendering contents conscious) from content encoding itself. Moreover, neural correlates of consciousness (NCC) kinds must be finite in number and systematically ordered to enable a unified scientific model. While pluralism enables testable hypotheses, significant ontological tensions arise: how can consciousness constitute a unified natural kind if realized by fundamentally distinct NCC kinds? Drawing on philosophy of science, we propose an alternative interpretation in terms of scientific rather than natural kinds. Our goal is not to advocate for pluralism, but rather, to critically examine its viability and implications. Based on this, we urge the field to engage more explicitly with the foundational assumptions that shape consciousness research.</p>","PeriodicalId":52242,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience of Consciousness","volume":"2026 1","pages":"niag060"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13595350/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149026752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Body image phenomenology in reports of psychedelic and meditative experiences: main themes and associations with body attitudes.","authors":"Hilla Väyrynen, Nanna Strid, Emma Ylönen, Jarno Tuominen, Pilleriin Sikka, Jussi Jylkkä","doi":"10.1093/nc/niag062","DOIUrl":"10.1093/nc/niag062","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Psychedelics and meditation can facilitate transformative experiences with acute changes in sensory processing and self-perception, but research about their relation to narrative and affective-attitudinal body image remains limited. We examined body image themes in psychedelic and meditative experience narratives, compared these between experience types, and examined their associations with body attitudes. We qualitatively analyzed retrospective reports of participants' most personally meaningful psychedelic and meditation experiences (psychedelics: <i>N</i> = 90; meditation: <i>N</i> = 48). Using regression models, we examined associations between identified themes, current body appreciation, and perceived changes in body dissatisfaction, body appreciation, and body connection, and whether individuals with eating disorder traits reported distinctive themes or body attitude changes. Body image-related narratives most commonly involved reduced sense of bodily self and heightened sensory sensitivity. Psychedelic reports more frequently described disembodiment, the loss of body as an anchor, while meditation reports more often involved boundary dissolution while maintaining embodied presence. 3,4-Methylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA) reports described heightened embodiment more often than classical psychedelic reports. Both heightened embodiment and disembodiment narratives were associated with perceived improvements in body dissatisfaction and body connection. Positive affective-attitudinal body image themes were associated with perceived improvements in body connection. Participants with current eating disorder traits, including histories of eating disorders, more frequently reported positive affective-attitudinal body image themes and greater perceived reductions in body dissatisfaction. These findings suggest that psychedelic and meditative body image phenomenology, particularly embodiment-related, can be perceived as meaningful for subjective body attitudes.</p>","PeriodicalId":52242,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience of Consciousness","volume":"2026 1","pages":"niag062"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13592169/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149018659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Motor and operative intentionality in computational phenomenology: from shallow to deep active inference models.","authors":"Zakaria Djebbara, Juan Diego Bogotá","doi":"10.1093/nc/niaf050","DOIUrl":"10.1093/nc/niaf050","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Computational phenomenology has been recently presented as a novel and promising approach to modelling human experience with the use of computational techniques. More specifically, as it has been discussed in recent work, it links phenomenological descriptions and analyses of lived experience and generative modelling techniques, most prominently, through Active Inference. It is argued that the experiential disclosure of the world and time-consciousness can be cast in terms of free energy minimization and inferential dynamics. It has not been addressed yet, however, whether and to what extent Active Inference may be able to model fundamental structures that constitute what phenomenologists call 'motor intentionality', i.e. our general embodied and practical openness to our experiential world. This openness is taken to underlie all experience. To address this gap in the literature, we propose to distinguish two different kinds of practical aspects within Active Inference. First, we discuss the approximation to a true posterior as a form of active process that can be linked with some of the core characteristics of what phenomenologists call 'passive syntheses'. Secondly, we discuss the process of action selection under likelihood mappings and preferences and link it with the constitution of a field of affordances of an embodied subject, as well as with the idea that the body is 'the first prior' within an Active Inference model. This embodied constitution is the core of what phenomenologists call 'motor intentionality'. Insofar as these two practical aspects of Active Inference are processes undertaken within the model, we emphasize the temporality that underlies them in terms of subjective temporality and objective time.</p>","PeriodicalId":52242,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience of Consciousness","volume":"2026 1","pages":"niaf050"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13592170/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149018649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Doing the math: detection and neural processing of auditory task-unrelated stimuli while solving arithmetic tasks.","authors":"Laura Brockhoff, Xenia Alteköster, Maximilian Bruchmann, Sebastian Schindler, Robert Moeck, Thomas Straube","doi":"10.1093/nc/niag059","DOIUrl":"10.1093/nc/niag059","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p><i>Load Theory</i> proposes that perceptual load impairs the processing of task-unrelated stimuli. However, there is increasing evidence that not only perceptual demands but also cognitive task load affect the processing of task-unrelated stimuli. The current event-related potential (ERP) study investigated the effects of cognitive load induced by arithmetic operations on the detection and neural processing of intensity-modulated beep tones. The tasks were based on different instructions regarding perceptually identical displays of numbers. Results showed decreased stimulus detection and reduced P3b in the ERP to auditory stimuli under high compared with low load across different signal-to-noise ratios (SNR). However, the N1 amplitude was unaffected by load based on our typical analytical pipeline using an average reference. Using a linked mastoids reference and strong filtering revealed an effect of load on the N1 for the highest SNR. Thus, analytical pipelines may affect the results. Nevertheless, the lower probability of reported awareness of task-unrelated auditory stimuli during difficult mathematical tasks across SNR levels seems to be driven predominantly by a late neural effect.</p>","PeriodicalId":52242,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience of Consciousness","volume":"2026 1","pages":"niag059"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13587093/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149009312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Awareness of being: a computational neurophenomenological model of mindfulness, mind-wandering, and meta-attentional control.","authors":"Hayato Idei, Keisuke Suzuki, Yuichi Yamashita","doi":"10.1093/nc/niag046","DOIUrl":"10.1093/nc/niag046","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Mindfulness has established psychological benefits, such as stress reduction and emotional regulation; however, the underlying computational mechanisms, particularly in relation to mind-wandering, remain unclear. This study aimed to present a hierarchical recurrent neural network-based agent model grounded in the free energy principle to explore these processes within the framework of allostasis. The model integrates interoceptive, proprioceptive, and exteroceptive predictive processing, which minimizes the variational free energy throughout past and future contexts. Simulations of the resting state showed that inferred (mentally simulated) homeostatic context modulated attentional shifts between a 'being' mode (focused on present interoceptive perception) and a 'doing' mode (involving mentally simulated proprioceptive and exteroceptive sensorimotor behaviors). Further, we identified a meta-attentional parameter that controls these shifts by influencing cognitive attitudes toward internally generated beliefs across network modules spanning from the past to the future. By manipulating this parameter, we replicated mindfulness states ('deep-being' mode) in which attention remained focused on the present interoceptive state, despite minimal sensory prediction errors. This study offers insights into the computational dynamics of mindfulness and mind-wandering, laying the groundwork for the future exploration of consciousness and pure awareness, which is a state of consciousness devoid of content.</p>","PeriodicalId":52242,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience of Consciousness","volume":"2026 1","pages":"niag046"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13545998/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148898338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Memory color influences conscious object perception.","authors":"Vincent Plikat, Pablo R Grassi, Michael M Bannert, Andreas Bartels","doi":"10.1093/nc/niag055","DOIUrl":"10.1093/nc/niag055","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Can knowledge influence perception? A central case suggesting it can, is evidence showing that knowledge about a color-diagnostic object's typical color can influence its appearance. For example, a gray banana is allegedly perceived with a tint of yellow. However, methodological and conceptual considerations leave it unclear whether the purported \"memory color\" effect actually reflects changes in perception or changes in judgment and responses instead. Here, we combine memory color with binocular rivalry to test if top-down influences affect the color an object is perceived in. We showed 24 participants familiar objects in their typical and opponent color and asked for concurrent reports of the perceived color. Consistent with Bayesian models of rivalry, we observed that conscious perception of identical spectral color pairs was biased toward the typical color of the presented object. Our results suggest that prior knowledge aids interpretation of ambiguous stimuli and biases conscious perception toward the most plausible interpretation.</p>","PeriodicalId":52242,"journal":{"name":"Neuroscience of Consciousness","volume":"2026 1","pages":"niag055"},"PeriodicalIF":3.8,"publicationDate":"2026-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13537532/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148882698","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}