Water Research X最新文献

{"title":"Influence of pipe materials on in-building disinfection of P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii in simulated hot water plumbing","authors":"Abraham Cullom ,&nbsp;Mattheu Storme Spencer ,&nbsp;Myra D. Williams ,&nbsp;Joseph O. Falkinham III ,&nbsp;Amy Pruden ,&nbsp;Marc A. Edwards","doi":"10.1016/j.wroa.2023.100189","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wroa.2023.100189","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A framework is needed to account for interactive effects of plumbing materials and disinfectants on opportunistic pathogens (OPs) in building water systems. Here we evaluated free chlorine, monochloramine, chlorine dioxide, and copper-silver ionization (CSI) for controlling <em>Pseudomonas aeruginosa</em> and <em>Acinetobacter baumannii</em> as two representative OPs that colonize hot water plumbing, in tests using polyvinylchloride (PVC), copper-PVC, and iron-PVC convectively-mixed pipe reactors (CMPRs). Pipe materials vulnerable to corrosion (i.e., iron and copper) altered the pH, dissolved oxygen, and disinfectant levels in a manner that influenced growth trends of the two OPs and total bacteria. <em>P. aeruginosa</em> grew well in PVC CMPRs, poorly in iron-PVC CMPRs, and was best controlled by CSI disinfection, whereas <em>A. baumannii</em> showed the opposite trend for pipe material and was better controlled by chlorine and chlorine dioxide. Various scenarios were identified in which pipe material and disinfectant can interact to either hinder or accelerate growth of OPs, illustrating the difficulties of controlling OPs in portions of plumbing systems experiencing warm, stagnant water.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52198,"journal":{"name":"Water Research X","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2023-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45407992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One-year stable pilot-scale operation demonstrates high flexibility of mainstream anammox application","authors":"Min Zheng ,&nbsp;Huijuan Li ,&nbsp;Haoran Duan ,&nbsp;Tao Liu ,&nbsp;Zhiyao Wang ,&nbsp;Jing Zhao ,&nbsp;Zhetai Hu ,&nbsp;Shane Watts ,&nbsp;Jia Meng ,&nbsp;Peng Liu ,&nbsp;Maxime Rattier ,&nbsp;Eloise Larsen ,&nbsp;Jianhua Guo ,&nbsp;Jason Dwyer ,&nbsp;Ben Van Den Akker ,&nbsp;James Lloyd ,&nbsp;Shihu Hu ,&nbsp;Zhiguo Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.wroa.2023.100166","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wroa.2023.100166","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Mainstream nitrogen removal via anammox is widely recognized as a promising wastewater treatment process. However, its application is challenging at large scale due to unstable suppression of nitrite-oxidizing bacteria (NOB). In this study, a pilot-scale mainstream anammox process was implemented in an Integrated Fixed-film Activated Sludge (IFAS) configuration. Stable operation with robust NOB suppression was maintained for over one year. This was achieved through integration of three key control strategies: i) low dissolved oxygen (DO = 0.4 ± 0.2 mg O₂/L), ii) regular free nitrous acid (FNA)-based sludge treatment, and iii) residual ammonium concentration control (NH₄⁺ with a setpoint of ∼8 mg N/L). Activity tests and FISH demonstrated that NOB barely survived in sludge flocs and were inhibited in biofilms. Despite receiving organic-deficient wastewater from a pilot-scale High-Rate Activated Sludge (HRAS) system as the feed, the system maintained a stable effluent total nitrogen concentration mostly below 10 mg N/L, which was attributed to the successful retention of anammox bacteria. This study successfully demonstrated large-scale long-term mainstream anammox application and generated new practical knowledge for NOB control and anammox retention.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52198,"journal":{"name":"Water Research X","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9845764/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9147162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nanoplastics are significantly different from microplastics in urban waters","authors":"Zhijie Chen,&nbsp;Xingdong Shi,&nbsp;Jiaqi Zhang,&nbsp;Lan Wu,&nbsp;Wei Wei,&nbsp;Bing-Jie Ni","doi":"10.1016/j.wroa.2023.100169","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wroa.2023.100169","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Microplastics (MPs) and nanoplastics (NPs) are ubiquitous and intractable in urban waters. Compared with MPs, the smaller NPs have shown distinct physicochemical features, such as Brownian motion, higher specific surface area, and stronger interaction with other pollutants. Therefore, the qualitative and quantitative analysis of NPs is more challenging than that of MPs. Moreover, these characteristics endow NPs with significantly different environmental fate, interactions with pollutants, and eco-impacts from those of MPs in urban waters. Herein, we critically analyze the current advances in the difference between MPs and NPs in urban waters. Analytical challenges, fate, interactions with surrounding pollutants, and eco-impacts of MPs and NPs are comparably discussed., The characterizations and fate studies of NPs are more challenging compared to MPs. Furthermore, NPs in most cases exhibit stronger interactions with other pollutants and more adverse eco-impacts on living things than MPs. Subsequently, perspective in this field is proposed to stimulate further size-dependent studies on MPs and NPs. This review would benefit the understanding of the role of NPs in the urban water ecosystem and guide future studies on plastic pollution management.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52198,"journal":{"name":"Water Research X","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/f9/8d/main.PMC9926019.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10742033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular framework for designing Fluoroclay with enhanced affinity for per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances","authors":"Bei Yan ,&nbsp;Jinxia Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.wroa.2023.100175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wroa.2023.100175","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Motivated by the need for enhancing sorbent affinity for per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS), we demonstrate the possibility of rationally designing clay-based material (FluoroClay) with a pre-selected intercalant and predicting sorbent performance using all-atom molecular dynamics simulation coupled with density functional theory-based computation. Perfluorohexyldodecane quaternary ammonium (F6H12A) as the selected intercalant revealed significant enhancement in adsorption affinity for hard-to-remove compounds, including perfluorobutane sulfonate (PFBS) and polyfluoroalkylethers (GenX and ADONA). The adsorption is thermodynamically entropy-driven and dominated by the hydrophobic effect. The incorporation of fluorine atoms into clay intercalants gave rise to a hydrophobic and fluorophilic “cavity” structure for targeted PFAS. The self-assembly of intercalant-PFAS under the negative electric field of clay sheets created a unique configuration that significantly enlarged the contact surface area between PFAS and F6H12A and was quantitatively driven by their intermolecular interactions, e.g., CF chain-CH chain, CF chain-CF chain, and charge-CH chain interactions. Collectively, our work demonstrated a new approach to select fluorinated functionality for designing a new adsorbent and estimating its performance via molecular simulation. It also provided an in-depth understanding of the underlying fundamental physics and chemistry in the adsorption of PFAS, suggesting a new strategy for PFAS removal, particularly for short-chain PFAS and new chemical alternatives.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52198,"journal":{"name":"Water Research X","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49815790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Why are decentralised urban water solutions still rare given all the claimed benefits, and how could that be changed?","authors":"Jurg Keller","doi":"10.1016/j.wroa.2023.100180","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wroa.2023.100180","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Numerous innovative decentralised urban water solutions have been described over many years, yet their application in practice is still not common at all. While many proposed solutions may have some techno-economic advantages over current systems, the real reasons for the slow uptake have more to do with system-wide inertia and technology ‘lock-in’ where existing solutions are preferred for simplicity and familiarity. A key factor is also the inadequate assessments in project decision making processes that should consider all relevant social, environmental and economic benefits and values. This paper highlights some key barriers and how to address them in a more holistic way. It also identifies opportunities where more integrated, hybrid solutions could offer significant benefits over current technologies. It calls on all key partners in this sector to foster broad and strong collaborations, and on water service providers to be empowered to take an inclusive leadership role in creating such innovative solutions that help address our growing challenges driven by rapid urbanisation and climate change.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52198,"journal":{"name":"Water Research X","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ca/32/main.PMC10165158.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9458184","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Uncovering the diverse hosts of tigecycline resistance gene tet(X4) in anaerobic digestion systems treating swine manure by epicPCR","authors":"Shiting Dai ,&nbsp;Qing He ,&nbsp;Ziming Han ,&nbsp;Wenli Shen ,&nbsp;Ye Deng ,&nbsp;Yang Wang ,&nbsp;Wei Qiao ,&nbsp;Min Yang ,&nbsp;Yu Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.wroa.2023.100174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wroa.2023.100174","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The <em>tet</em>(X4) gene is a clinically important tigecycline resistance gene and has shown high persistence in livestock-related environments. However, the bacterial hosts of <em>tet</em>(X4) remain unknown due to the lack of appropriate approaches. Herein, a culture-independent and high-throughput epicPCR (emulsion, paired isolation, and concatenation polymerase chain reaction) method was developed, optimized, and demonstrated for the identification of bacterial hosts carrying <em>tet</em>(X4) from environmental samples. Considering the high sequence similarity between <em>tet</em>(X4) and other <em>tet</em>(X)-variant genes, specific primers and amplification conditions were screened and optimized to identify <em>tet</em>(X4) accurately and link <em>tet</em>(X4) with the 16S rRNA gene, which were further validated using artificially constructed bacterial communities. The epicPCR targeting <em>tet</em>(X4) was applied for the identification of bacterial hosts carrying this resistance gene in anaerobic digestion systems treating swine manure. A total of 19 genera were identified as <em>tet</em>(X4) hosts, which were distributed in the phyla Proteobacteria, Bacteroidota, Firmicutes, and Caldatribacteriota. Sixteen genera and two phyla that were identified have not been previously reported as <em>tet</em>(X4) bacterial hosts. The results indicated that a far more diverse range of bacteria was involved in harboring <em>tet</em>(X4) than previously realized. Compared with the <em>tet</em>(X4) hosts determined by correlation-based network analysis and metagenomic binning, epicPCR revealed a high diversity of <em>tet</em>(X4) hosts even at the phylum level. The epicPCR method developed in this study could be effectively employed to reveal the presence of <em>tet</em>(X4) bacterial hosts from a holistic viewpoint.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52198,"journal":{"name":"Water Research X","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49815772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perspective: Phosphorus monitoring must be rooted in sustainability frameworks spanning material scale to human scale","authors":"Eric McLamore ,&nbsp;Owen Duckworth ,&nbsp;Treavor H. Boyer ,&nbsp;Anna-Maria Marshall ,&nbsp;Douglas F. Call ,&nbsp;Jehangir H. Bhadha ,&nbsp;Sandra Guzmán","doi":"10.1016/j.wroa.2023.100168","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wroa.2023.100168","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Phosphorus (P) is a finite resource, and its environmental fate and transport is complex. With fertilizer prices expected to remain high for years and disruption to supply chains, there is a pressing need to recover and reuse P (primarily as fertilizer). Whether recovery is to occur from urban systems (e.g., human urine), agricultural soil (e.g., legacy P), or from contaminated surface waters, quantification of P in various forms is vital. Monitoring systems with embedded near real time decision support, so called cyber physical systems, are likely to play a major role in the management of P throughout agro-ecosystems. Data on P flow(s) connects the environmental, economic, and social pillars of the triple bottom line (TBL) sustainabilty framework. Emerging monitoring systems must account for complex interactions in the sample, and interface with a dynamic decision support system that considers adaptive dynamics to societal needs. It is known from decades of study that P is ubiquitous, yet without quantitative tools for studying the dynamic nature of P in the environment, the details may remain elusive. If new monitoring systems (including CPS and mobile sensors) are informed by sustainability frameworks, data-informed decision making may foster resource recovery and environmental stewardship from technology users to policymakers.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52198,"journal":{"name":"Water Research X","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/67/0c/main.PMC9923219.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10736036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"UV-chlorine advanced oxidation for potable water reuse: A review of the current state of the art and research needs","authors":"E. Mackey ,&nbsp;R. Hofmann ,&nbsp;A. Festger ,&nbsp;C. Vanyo ,&nbsp;N. Moore ,&nbsp;T. Chen ,&nbsp;C. Wang ,&nbsp;L. Taylor-Edmonds ,&nbsp;S.A. Andrews","doi":"10.1016/j.wroa.2023.100183","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wroa.2023.100183","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper reports conclusions from a recent study completed for the Water Research Foundation and the State of California to offer guidance on UV-chlorine advanced oxidation for potable water reuse. The fundamentals of UV-chlorine advanced oxidation are discussed, and lessons learned from some of the early adopters of this technology are presented. Important highlights include the significant impact of ammonia and chloramines on UV-chlorine treatment, challenges associated with predicting UV-chlorine performance due to complex photochemistry, and an ongoing need to monitor potential byproducts and transformation products when employing any form of advanced oxidation for potable reuse.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52198,"journal":{"name":"Water Research X","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/4e/85/main.PMC10245334.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9609828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of pH on the anaerobic and aerobic metabolism of Tetrasphaera-enriched polyphosphate accumulating organisms","authors":"P.Y. Nguyen ,&nbsp;Ricardo Marques ,&nbsp;Hongmin Wang ,&nbsp;Maria A.M. Reis ,&nbsp;Gilda Carvalho ,&nbsp;Adrian Oehmen","doi":"10.1016/j.wroa.2023.100177","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wroa.2023.100177","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Members of the genus <em>Tetrasphaera</em> are putative polyphosphate accumulating organisms (PAOs) that have been found in greater abundance than <em>Accumulibacter</em> in many full-scale enhanced biological phosphorus removal (EBPR) wastewater treatment plants worldwide. Nevertheless, previous studies on the effect of environmental conditions, such as pH, on the performance of EBPR have focused mainly on the response of <em>Accumulibacter</em> to pH changes<em>.</em> This study examines the impact of pH on a <em>Tetrasphaera</em> PAO enriched culture, over a pH range from 6.0 to 8.0 under both anaerobic and aerobic conditions, to assess its impact on the stoichiometry and kinetics of <em>Tetrasphaera</em> metabolism. It was discovered that the rates of phosphorus (P) uptake and P release increased with an increase of pH within the tested range, while PHA production, glycogen consumption and substrate uptake rate were less sensitive to pH changes. The results suggest that <em>Tetrasphaera</em> PAOs display kinetic advantages at high pH levels, which is consistent with what has been observed previously for <em>Accumulibacter</em> PAOs. The results of this study show that pH has a substantial impact on the P release and uptake kinetics of PAOs, where the P release rate was &gt;3 times higher and the P uptake rate was &gt;2 times higher at pH 8.0 vs pH 6.0, respectively. Process operational strategies promoting both <em>Tetrasphaera</em> and <em>Accumulibacter</em> activity at high pH do not conflict with each other, but lead to a potentially synergistic impact that can benefit EBPR performance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52198,"journal":{"name":"Water Research X","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10063378/pdf/main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9247428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Three years of wastewater surveillance for new psychoactive substances from 16 countries","authors":"Richard Bade ,&nbsp;Nikolaos Rousis ,&nbsp;Sangeet Adhikari ,&nbsp;Christine Baduel ,&nbsp;Lubertus Bijlsma ,&nbsp;Erasmia Bizani ,&nbsp;Tim Boogaerts ,&nbsp;Daniel A. Burgard ,&nbsp;Sara Castiglioni ,&nbsp;Andrew Chappell ,&nbsp;Adrian Covaci ,&nbsp;Erin M. Driver ,&nbsp;Fernando Fabriz Sodre ,&nbsp;Despo Fatta-Kassinos ,&nbsp;Aikaterini Galani ,&nbsp;Cobus Gerber ,&nbsp;Emma Gracia-Lor ,&nbsp;Elisa Gracia-Marín ,&nbsp;Rolf U. Halden ,&nbsp;Ester Heath ,&nbsp;Jochen F. Mueller","doi":"10.1016/j.wroa.2023.100179","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.wroa.2023.100179","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The proliferation of new psychoactive substances (NPS) over recent years has made their surveillance complex. The analysis of raw municipal influent wastewater can allow a broader insight into community consumption patterns of NPS. This study examines data from an international wastewater surveillance program that collected and analysed influent wastewater samples from up to 47 sites in 16 countries between 2019 and 2022. Influent wastewater samples were collected over the New Year period and analysed using validated liquid chromatography – mass spectrometry methods. Over the three years, a total of 18 NPS were found in at least one site. Synthetic cathinones were the most found class followed by phenethylamines and designer benzodiazepines. Furthermore, two ketamine analogues, one plant based NPS (mitragynine) and methiopropamine were also quantified across the three years. This work demonstrates that NPS are used across different continents and countries with the use of some more evident in particular regions. For example, mitragynine has highest mass loads in sites in the United States, while eutylone and 3-methylmethcathinone increased considerably in New Zealand and in several European countries, respectively. Moreover, 2F-deschloroketamine, an analogue of ketamine, has emerged more recently and could be quantified in several sites, including one in China, where it is considered as one of the drugs of most concern. Finally, some NPS were detected in specific regions during the initial sampling campaigns and spread to additional sites by the third campaign. Hence, wastewater surveillance can provide an insight into temporal and spatial trends of NPS use.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":52198,"journal":{"name":"Water Research X","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":7.5,"publicationDate":"2023-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10151418/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9767288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}