Preprints.org最新文献

{"title":"Impact of Thermal Processing and Protein Fortification on the Denaturation and Sensory Attributes of High-Protein Dairy Systems","authors":"Junaid Yousaf, Bozhao Li, Yadong Wang, Xiran Wang, Fanyu Meng, Bei Wang, Yiqun Zhang","doi":"10.20944/preprints202512.2756.v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202512.2756.v1","url":null,"abstract":"The growing demand for high-protein dairy products, driven by the expanding markets for infant formula and nutritional supplements, has led to a higher incorporation of milk protein ingredients like milk protein concentrate (MPC) and whey protein isolate (WPI) in dairy formulations. However, the effects of these protein additives on the thermal stability and sensory attributes of dairy products remain insufficiently studied. This research examines the influence of thermal processing (80 °C for 30 min) and protein fortification (MPC, WPI, and their combination) on the denaturation of whey proteins, the formation of volatile compounds, and the sensory characteristics of milk. Specifically, whole milk was fortified with MPC, WPI, and their combination at concentrations of 4% MPC, 4% WPI, and 2% MPC + 2% WPI, respectively, to evaluate the impact of different protein fortifications on these properties. Our findings reveal that heat treatment significantly promoted the denaturation of β-lactoglobulin and α-lactalbumin, with protein fortification playing a role in modulating these changes. Notably, lactoferrin exhibited matrix-dependent antioxidant behavior, meaning its antioxidant activity varied based on the protein composition and structure of the milk matrix, influencing its stability and function under different fortification conditions. Volatile profiling indicated that MPC enhanced the formation of sulfur-containing compounds and aldehydes, whereas WPI favored ketones and Maillard-derived volatiles. Sensory analysis revealed that heated WPI fortified samples exhibited stronger cooked and dairy fat aromas, while unfortified milk retained milky and grassy notes. Correlation analysis highlighted the mechanistic links between protein denaturation and lipid-derived compounds. These results emphasize that protein type and composition play crucial roles in flavor development. The strategic blending of MPC and WPI offers a practical approach to balancing volatile profiles and mitigating off-flavors, providing insights for the formulation of thermally stable, protein-fortified dairy products with optimized sensory quality.","PeriodicalId":521283,"journal":{"name":"Preprints.org","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.preprints.org/frontend/manuscript/a5b92c31160e7761d1b0f0049ad6f19d/download_pub","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147331835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Primary Culture and Identification of a Crucian Carp (<em>Carassius auratus</em>) Osteoblast Cell Line (COBCs) and the Effects of Hypoxia on Its Differentiation","authors":"Zaozao Guo, Jiamin Liu, Songlin Chen, Guodong Zheng, Shu‐Ming Zou","doi":"10.20944/preprints202512.2658.v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202512.2658.v1","url":null,"abstract":"A reliable and reproducible method for the isolation, culture, and identification of an osteoblast cell line from crucian carp (Carassius auratus) was established in this study using vertebral bone tissue from Chongming crucian carp, a locally important aquaculture strain from the lower Yangtze River region. Osteoblast cells were isolated using a tissue explant culture method, and optimal in vitro culture conditions were systematically evaluated. The established osteoblast cell line, designated Chongming Carassius auratus osteoblast cells (COBC), was characterized through chromosomal karyotype analysis, osteocalcin enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and osteogenesis-related gene expression analysis. Additionally, cellular responses to environmental stress were assessed. The results showed that COBC exhibited optimal proliferation in L-15 medium supplemented with 20% fetal bovine serum at 28 ℃ under 5% CO2. Alkaline phosphatase staining, Alizarin Red staining, and von Kossa staining all yielded positive results, thereby confirming that the isolated cells possessed typical and stable osteoblastic properties, with the osteocalcin content of 36,884 ng/L. Quantitative PCR analysis revealed that osteogenic marker genes, including runx2a and runx2b, were expressed at significantly higher levels in COBCs than in muscle tissue. Under hypoxia-reoxygenation stress, COBC exhibited enhanced apoptotic responses, marked alterations in related gene expression, and modulation of antioxidant enzyme activities, suggesting a certain degree of adaptive capacity to oxygen fluctuations. This study provides the first systematic description of the establishment and biological characterization of COBC, as well as its responses to hypoxic stress. These findings offer a valuable in vitro cell model and technical support for studies on fish bone tissue biology and the assessment of environmental stress effects.","PeriodicalId":521283,"journal":{"name":"Preprints.org","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.preprints.org/frontend/manuscript/7a3dbba32954162f10e952ca295a019a/download_pub","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147920085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Raman Spectroscopy of Protein-Polysaccharide Conjugates: A Comparative Study of Tree-Based Ensemble Models","authors":"Oksana A. Mayorova, Mariia S. Saveleva, Ekaterina S. Prikhozhdenko","doi":"10.20944/preprints202512.2649.v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202512.2649.v1","url":null,"abstract":"Proteins with additives, especially in small quantities, are of great interest as a subject of a study. Machine learning approaches implemented to Raman spectroscopy data could provide an insight into chemical structure of such mixtures or conjugates. Although, de-cision tree model could be powerful in solving either classification or regression task and could provide accessible predictions, it is prone to overfitting. Ensemble models that implement several decision trees could overcome the determined problem. Five different model types are discussed: RandomForest, GradientBoosting, AdaBoost, Voting, and Stacking. Raman spectroscopy data of whey protein isolate (5 wt. %) with different amounts of hyaluronic acid (0, 0.1, 0.25, and 0.5 wt. %) were used as datasets. Optimiza-tion established that ensembles of 200 decision trees with a maximum depth of four were optimal. AdaBoostClassifier found to be the most efficient in finding differences between whey protein isolate and its conjugates with hyaluronic acid: 99.5% accuracy, 100% sen-sitivity, and 98.0% specificity. Stacking of RandomForest, GradientBoosting, and Ada-Boost regressors with final estimator of RidgeCV was the most effective approach in the regression task (R2 = 0.963). According to the feature importance plots, the Raman bands that were most influential in predicting the results were 1003 cm-1 (phenylalanine, ring breath), 1206 cm-1 (C–C stretching), 1240 cm-1 (amide III (β-sheet), N−H in-plane bend, C−N stretch), and 1399 cm-1 (aspartic and glutamic acids, C=O stretch of COO−).","PeriodicalId":521283,"journal":{"name":"Preprints.org","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.preprints.org/frontend/manuscript/b29b261a93f39613465b28540ebde738/download_pub","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147333674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-Domain Semantic-Enhanced Adaptive Graph Fusion Network for Robust Skeleton Action Recognition","authors":"Zeren Gu, Jialei Tan","doi":"10.20944/preprints202512.2690.v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202512.2690.v1","url":null,"abstract":"Human action recognition (HAR) remains challenging, particularly for skeleton-based methods due to issues like domain shift and limited deep semantic understanding. Traditional Graph Convolutional Networks often struggle with effective cross-domain adaptation and inferring complex semantic relationships. To address these limitations, we propose CD-SEAFNet, a novel framework meticulously designed to significantly enhance robustness and cross-domain generalization for skeleton-based action recognition. CD-SEAFNet integrates three core modules: an Adaptive Spatio-Temporal Graph Feature Extractor that dynamically learns and adjusts graph structures to capture nuanced spatio-temporal dynamics; a Semantic Context Encoder and Fusion Module which leverages natural language descriptions to inject high-level semantic understanding via a cross-modal adaptive fusion mechanism; and a Domain Alignment and Classification Module that employs adversarial training and contrastive learning to generate domain-invariant, yet discriminative, features. Extensive experiments on the challenging NTU RGB+D datasets demonstrate that CD-SEAFNet consistently outperforms state-of-the-art methods across various evaluation protocols, unequivocally validating the synergistic effectiveness of our adaptive graph structure, semantic enhancement, and robust domain alignment strategies.","PeriodicalId":521283,"journal":{"name":"Preprints.org","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.preprints.org/frontend/manuscript/bf3dff363a32268eac11a90e29cc0488/download_pub","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147910312","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Selective Capture and Continuous Recovery of Sulfur-Containing Molecules from Flowing Wastewater Using a Capillary Ag<sub>2</sub>Mo<sub>3</sub>O<sub>10</sub>·1.8H<sub>2</sub>O/Carbon Fiber Membrane System","authors":"Leiyang Xue, Chuya Luo, Hanmei Xu, Jiaxin Hua, Xue Zhang, Lianwen Zhu, Jun Wu","doi":"10.20944/preprints202512.2569.v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202512.2569.v1","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents a novel membrane-inspired Ag₂Mo₃O₁₀·1.8H₂O/carbon fiber cloth (CFC) hybrid framework designed for the continuous and selective recovery of high-value sulfur-containing molecules from organic wastewater. The framework was fabricated by uniformly growing Ag₂Mo₃O₁₀·1.8H₂O nanowires on CFC membrane, forming a hierarchical porous network with abundant micro-nano channels that facilitate efficient, capillary-driven water transport. Owing to its mesoporous structure and specific Ag-S coordination affinity, the material exhibits excellent selectivity for sulfur-containing dyes, achieving rapid adsorption (>94% removal of methylene blue within 10 minutes) and high specificity in mixed solutions. Moreover, the hybrid framework demonstrates outstanding reusability, retaining high recovery efficiency over multiple cycles. A continuous-flow system based on this framework operates without external pressure and achieves a water transport rate of 1875 mL·h-1·m-2. These results underscore the potential of the Ag₂Mo₃O₁₀·1.8H₂O/CFC system as an efficient, scalable, and sustainable platform for industrial wastewater resource recovery.","PeriodicalId":521283,"journal":{"name":"Preprints.org","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.preprints.org/frontend/manuscript/13f39fece5b81ab9421bad498a47dfce/download_pub","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147334174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parkinson’s Disease: From Gene–Environment Risk to Precision Therapy","authors":"Oscar Arias-Carrión","doi":"10.20944/preprints202512.2581.v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202512.2581.v1","url":null,"abstract":"Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive and heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorder and one of the fastest-growing causes of neurological disability worldwide. Although classically defined by motor manifestations arising from nigrostriatal dopaminergic degeneration, PD is now recognized as a multisystem disorder in which non-motor symptoms—including autonomic dysfunction, neuropsychiatric features, cognitive impairment, and sleep-related disorders—often precede motor onset by years or decades, defining a clinically meaningful prodromal phase. The aetiology of PD reflects a complex interplay between genetic susceptibility and environmental exposure. Approximately 20% of cases are associated with identifiable pathogenic variants, most commonly involving LRRK2, GBA1, and SNCA, while the majority arise from gene–environment interactions involving toxicant exposure, lifestyle factors, and common genetic risk variants. Despite major advances in understanding disease biology, current therapies remain fundamentally symptomatic. Dopaminergic pharmacotherapy and device-aided interventions improve motor function but do not alter disease progression, and non-motor symptoms remain a dominant determinant of disability and reduced quality of life. Recent conceptual advances propose redefining PD as a biologically defined α-synucleinopathy. Emerging biomarkers, including α-synuclein seed amplification assays in cerebrospinal fluid and peripheral tissues, offer unprecedented opportunities for early diagnosis, biological stratification, and precision clinical trials. However, translation into disease modification has been limited by late-stage intervention, reliance on clinically defined populations, restricted trial generalisability, and profound global inequities in access to advanced diagnostics and therapies. This review synthesizes current evidence on PD epidemiology, diagnosis, aetiology, progression, and treatment, with particular emphasis on gene–environment interactions, the functional limitations of existing therapeutic paradigms, and the transformative—but as yet unrealized—potential of biological classification. By identifying key mechanistic, clinical, and implementation gaps, the review frames future directions that prioritize prevention, early biological definition, patient-centred functional outcomes, and equitable precision care across diverse healthcare settings.","PeriodicalId":521283,"journal":{"name":"Preprints.org","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.preprints.org/frontend/manuscript/87e975ee6f361a249a224090ee8b8ae0/download_pub","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147910028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disease‑Modifying Therapies for Parkinson’s Disease: Biological Mechanisms, Pharmacological Strategies, and Clinical Pipeline","authors":"Jamir Pitton Rissardo, Ana Fornari Caprara","doi":"10.20944/preprints202512.2271.v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202512.2271.v1","url":null,"abstract":"Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a biologically heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorder characterized by progressive motor and non-motor symptoms. Despite decades of research, no pharmacologic intervention has conclusively demonstrated disease-modifying efficacy in late-phase randomized controlled trials. Current strategies primarily target pathogenic mechanisms such as α-synuclein aggregation, mitochondrial dysfunction, impaired autophagy, and neuroinflammation, alongside genetic contributors including LRRK2 and GBA variants. Therapeutic approaches under investigation encompass monoclonal antibodies, small molecules, gene therapy, and metabolic modulators; however, pivotal trials of agents such as isradipine, cinpanemab, prasinezumab, exenatide, and inosine have failed to alter long-term progression, underscoring limitations in trial design, biomarker validation, and patient stratification. Repurposing of approved drugs—representing approximately one-third of disease-modifying therapy trials—offers a cost-efficient strategy, with candidates including GLP-1 receptor agonists, α1-adrenergic antagonists, and lysosomal enhancers such as ambroxol. Emerging paradigms emphasize biomarker-driven and genotype-enriched designs to improve internal validity and enable precision medicine, particularly for GBA- and LRRK2-associated PD. Despite these advances, major unmet needs persist, including validated progression biomarkers, robust adaptive trial frameworks, and strategies for early or prodromal intervention. This review synthesizes biological mechanisms, pharmacological strategies, and clinical pipeline trends, highlighting lessons from past failures and opportunities for translational innovation. Accelerating progress will require global platform trials, integration of molecular staging, and harmonization of regulatory pathways to bridge mechanistic insights with clinically meaningful outcomes.","PeriodicalId":521283,"journal":{"name":"Preprints.org","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.preprints.org/frontend/manuscript/4a3ddcc1fbf01a050ff9b7b434e054c4/download_pub","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147891530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"VGSC Mutations and P450 Overexpression are Associated with Beta-Cypermethrin Resistance in <em>Aphis gossypii </em>Glover<em> </em>from a Chinese Wolfberry (<em>Lycium barbarum</em> L.) Field","authors":"Yunfei Zhang, Xinyi Hu, Junjie Yin, Jiabin Chen, Shujing Zhang, Fang Wang","doi":"10.20944/preprints202512.2218.v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202512.2218.v1","url":null,"abstract":"Chinese wolfberry (Lycium barbarum L.), a specialty crop of ecological, medical and economic values in Ningxia province of China, is subjected to severe Aphis gossypii Glover damage. Currently, A. gossypii populations showing extremely high-level resistance to beta-cypermethrinin in the major wolfberry planting areas in Ningxia. The specific resistance mechanisms, however, are still not known. In this work, we collected a field A. gossypii strain (HSP) from a wolfberry orchard of Ningxia in 2021 using a single-time sampling method and its resistance to beta-cypermethrin was determined to be extremely high (994.74‒fold) as compared with a susceptible strain (SS). Then we explored the potential resistance mechanisms from two aspects of metabolic detoxification and target-site alterations. Bioassay of beta-cypermethrin with or without the synergist showed that piperonyl butoxide (PBO) significantly increased the toxicity of beta-cypermethrin (4.72‒fold) to the HSP strain while triphenyl phosphate (TPP) and diethyl maleate (DEM) exhibited no significant synergistic effects. Correspondingly, the O-demethylase activity of the cytochrome P450s in the HSP strain was 1.68‒fold higher than that in the susceptive strain (SS), whereas changes of carboxylesterases and glutathione S-transferases in their activities were unremarkable. Also, fifteen upregulated P450 genes were identified by both RNA-Seq and qRT-PCR technologies, containing eleven CYP6 genes, three CYP4 genes and one CYP380 gene. Especially, five CYP6 genes of high relative expression levels (> 3.00‒fold) were intensively expressed by the beta-cypermethrin induction in the HSP aphids. These metabolism-related results indicate the key role of the P450-mediated metabolic detoxification in the HSP resistance to beta-cypermethrin. Sequencing of voltage-gated sodium channel (VGSC) genes identified a prevalent M918L mutation and a new G1012D mutation in the HSP A. gossypii. Moreover, heterozygous 918M/L and 918M/L+G1012D mutations were the dominant genotypes with frequencies of 60.00% and 36.67% in the HSP population, respectively. Overall, VGSC mutations along with P450-mediated metabolic resistance were contributed to the extremely high resistance of the HSP wolfberry aphids to beta-cypermethrin, providing support for A. gossypii control and resistance management in the wolfberry planting areas of Ningxia using insecticides with different modes of action.","PeriodicalId":521283,"journal":{"name":"Preprints.org","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.preprints.org/frontend/manuscript/5e54aa5df6760d80a1975b2092950271/download_pub","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147892308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Topical Eyedrop of 4-Hydroxytamoxifen Enables Cre-Mediated Gene Editing in Oligodendrocytes","authors":"Abhishek Vats, Kavita Vats, Kunal Singh, Aman Shah, Cheng Qian, Cynthia Berlinicke, Yuri L. Bunimovich, Donald J. Zack","doi":"10.20944/preprints202512.1843.v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202512.1843.v1","url":null,"abstract":"Inducible CreERT-mediated gene editing is a powerful tool for targeted gene manipulation, but systemic tamoxifen (Tam) administration can cause off-target effects and toxicity. Here we demonstrate that topical administration of 4-hydroxytamoxifen (4-OHT) eye drops in Plp1-CreERT/tdTomatof/f mice effectively induces CreERT-mediated recombination specifically in oligodendrocytes of the optic nerve, optic chiasm, and adjacent CNS regions including the optic tract, hippocampus, and corpus callosum. This localized approach achieves robust tdTomato expression in over 80% of oligodendrocytes without detectable retinal structural or functional abnormalities, as confirmed by electroretinography and fundus imaging. These findings demonstrate a safe, non-invasive method for spatially restricted gene editing in the visual pathway and certain brain areas, providing a valuable platform for investigating oligodendrocyte biology and demyelinating diseases while minimizing systemic side effects associated with Tam treatment.","PeriodicalId":521283,"journal":{"name":"Preprints.org","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.preprints.org/frontend/manuscript/ea34dce729edc50c7e2d263fb7fc3cdd/download_pub","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147918787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of Lignosulfonate on the Hydrothermal Interaction Between Pyrite and Cu(II) Ions in Sulfuric Acid Media","authors":"Kirill Karimov, Maksim Tretiak, Uliana Sharipova, Tatiana Lugovitskaya, Oleg Dizer, Д. А. Рогожников","doi":"10.20944/preprints202512.1809.v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20944/preprints202512.1809.v1","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrometallurgical pretreatment of pyrite-bearing concentrates and tailings by hydrothermal interaction with Cu(II) solutions is a promising route for chemical beneficiation and mitigation of acid mine drainage but is limited by passivation caused by elemental sulfur and secondary copper sulfides. Here, the effect of sodium lignosulfonate (SLS) on the hydrothermal reaction between natural pyrite and CuSO4 in H2SO4 media at 180–220 °C was studied at [H2SO4]0 = 10–30 g/dm3, [Cu]0 = 6–24 g/dm3 and [SLS]0 = 0–1.0 g/dm3. Process efficiency was evaluated by Fe extraction into solution and Cu precipitation on the solid phase, and products were characterized by XRD and SEM/EDS. SLS markedly intensified pyrite conversion: at 200 °C and 120 min Fe extraction increased from 14 to 26 % and Cu precipitation from 5 to 23 %, while at 220 °C Fe extraction reached 33.4 % and Cu precipitation 26.8 %. XRD confirmed the sequential transformation CuS → Cu1.8S. SEM/EDS showed that SLS converts localized nucleation of CuxS on defect sites into the formation of a fine, loosely packed and well-dispersed copper sulfide phase. The results demonstrate that lignosulfonate surfactants efficiently suppress passivation and enhance mass transfer, providing a basis for intensifying hydrothermal pretreatment of pyrite-bearing industrial materials.","PeriodicalId":521283,"journal":{"name":"Preprints.org","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.preprints.org/frontend/manuscript/dea7f7e2f5affb5042008d36db732def/download_pub","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147888008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}