International Biomechanics最新文献

{"title":"Walking asymmetry and its relation to patient-reported and performance-based outcome measures in individuals with unilateral lower limb loss.","authors":"Christopher K Wong,&nbsp;Emily E Vandervort,&nbsp;Kayla M Moran,&nbsp;Carly M Adler,&nbsp;Stanford T Chihuri,&nbsp;Gregory A Youdan","doi":"10.1080/23335432.2022.2142160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23335432.2022.2142160","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gait asymmetry persists for most people after lower limb amputation and is associated with slower walking speeds. However, the relationship between gait asymmetry and patient-reported function remains unclear because they are not commonly assessed together. The purpose of this study was to determine relationships between gait asymmetries in people with lower limb loss and (1) patient-reported outcomes and (2) performance-based prosthetic functional measures. This cross-sectional analysis included nine people with unilateral limb loss aged 48.2 ± 13.1 years of mixed amputation etiology. Patient-reported outcomes included the Prosthetic Evaluation Questionnaire mobility subscale and Activities-specific Balance Confidence scale. Performance outcomes included the Berg Balance Scale and the 30-second sit-to-stand test. Walking performance measures included the 2-Minute Walk Test, during which APDM Opal sensors recorded spatiotemporal gait parameters, and daily step-counts from StepWatch4 activity monitors. The study found that the most asymmetric gait symmetry ratios (prosthetic-limb divided by intact-limb) could be attributed to prosthetic foot dorsiflexion-plantarflexion and rotation motion limitations: prosthetic-limb trailing double support (0.789 ± 0.052), toe-off (0.760 ± 0.068) and toe-out angle (0.653 ± 0.256). Single limb stance, and stance and swing phase durations were most strongly associated with balance and walking performance measures. Notably, no symmetry ratio was significantly associated with patient-reported prosthetic function (unadjusted Pearson correlation coefficients <i>r</i> < 0.50, <i>P</i> > 0.05). More gait symmetry was associated with better balance and walking performance but had no significant relationship with patient-reported function. Although achieving gait symmetry after lower limb loss is a common walking goal, symmetry was unrelated to the perception of functional mobility for people with lower limb loss.</p>","PeriodicalId":52124,"journal":{"name":"International Biomechanics","volume":"9 1","pages":"33-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9704090/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10531195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An analytical model to quantify the impact of the propagation of uncertainty in knee joint angle computation.","authors":"Mickael Fonseca,&nbsp;Stéphane Armand,&nbsp;Raphaël Dumas","doi":"10.1080/23335432.2022.2108898","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23335432.2022.2108898","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Joint kinematics are typically described using Cardan angles or the attitude vector and its projection on the joint axes. Whichever the notation used, the uncertainties present in gait measurements affect the computed kinematics, especially for the knee joint. One notation - the attitude vector - enables the derivation of an analytical model of the propagation of uncertainty. Thus, the objective of this study was to derive this analytical model and assess the propagation of uncertainty in knee joint angle computation. Multi-session gait data acquired from one asymptomatic adult participant was used as reference data (experimental mean curve and standard deviations). Findings showed that an input uncertainty of 5° in the attitude vector and joint axes parameters matched experimental standard deviations. Taking each uncertainty independently, the <i>cross-talk</i> effect could result from uncertainty in the orientation of either the attitude vector (intrinsic variability) or the first joint axis (extrinsic variability). We concluded that the model successfully estimated the propagation of input uncertainties on joint angles and enabled an investigation of how that propagation occurred. The analytical model could be used to <i>a priori</i> estimate the standard deviations of experimental kinematics curves based on expected intrinsic and extrinsic uncertainties.</p>","PeriodicalId":52124,"journal":{"name":"International Biomechanics","volume":" ","pages":"10-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9397457/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40638678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and evaluation of a method to define a tibial coordinate system through the fitting of geometric primitives.","authors":"Stuart C Millar,&nbsp;John B Arnold,&nbsp;Lucian B Solomon,&nbsp;Dominic Thewlis,&nbsp;François Fraysse","doi":"10.1080/23335432.2021.1916406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23335432.2021.1916406","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Coordinate system definition is a critical element of biomechanical modeling of the knee, and cases of skeletal trauma present major technical challenges. This paper presents a method to define a tibial coordinate system by fitting geometric primitives to surface anatomy requiring minimal user input. The method presented here utilizes a conical fit to both the tibial shaft and femoral condyles to generate independent axes forming the basis of a tibial coordinate system. Definition of the tibial axis showed high accuracy when shape fitting to ≥50 mm of shaft with <3° of angular variation from the axis obtained using the full tibia. Repeatability and reproducibility of the axis was compared using intraclass correlation coefficients which showed excellent intra- and inter-observer agreement across cases. Additionally, shape fitting to the distal femoral condyles showed high accuracy compared to the reference axis established automatically through identifying the medial and lateral epicondyles (<4°). Utilizing geometric primitives to estimate functional axes for the tibia and femur removes reliance on anatomical landmarks that can be displaced by fracture or inaccurately identified by observers. Furthermore, fitting of such primitives provides a more complete understanding of the true bony anatomy, which cannot be done through simple landmark identification.</p>","PeriodicalId":52124,"journal":{"name":"International Biomechanics","volume":" ","pages":"12-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23335432.2021.1916406","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38990926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparing optical and electromagnetic tracking systems to facilitate compatibility in sports kinematics data.","authors":"Caryn A Urbanczyk,&nbsp;Alessandro Bonfiglio,&nbsp;Alison H McGregor,&nbsp;Anthony M J Bull","doi":"10.1080/23335432.2021.2003719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23335432.2021.2003719","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Electromagnetic (EM) tracking has been used to quantify biomechanical parameters of the lower limb and lumbar spine during ergometer rowing to improve performance and reduce injury. Optical motion capture (OMC) is potentially better suited to measure comprehensive whole-body dynamics in rowing. This study compared accuracy and precision of EM and OMC displacements by simultaneously recording kinematics during rowing trials at low, middle, and high rates on an instrumented ergometer (n=12). Trajectories calculated from OMC and EM sensors attached to the pelvis, lumbar spine, and right leg were highly correlated, but EM tracking lagged behind ergometer and OMC tracking by approximately 6%, yielding large RMS errors. When this phase-lag was corrected by least squares minimization, agreement between systems improved. Both systems demonstrated an ability to adequately track large dynamic compound movements in the sagittal plane but struggled at times to precisely track small displacements and narrow angular ranges in medial/lateral and superior/inferior directions. An OMC based tracking methodology can obtain equivalence with a previously validated EM system, for spine and lower limb metrics. Improvements in speed and consistency of data acquisition with OMC are beneficial for dynamic motion studies. Compatibility ensures continuity by maintaining the ability to compare to prior work.</p>","PeriodicalId":52124,"journal":{"name":"International Biomechanics","volume":" ","pages":"75-84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8635616/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39734857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The ulnar collateral ligament loading paradox between in-vitro and in-vivo studies on baseball pitching (narrative review).","authors":"Bart Van Trigt,&nbsp;Liset W Vliegen,&nbsp;Ton Ajr Leenen,&nbsp;DirkJan Hej Veeger","doi":"10.1080/23335432.2021.1916405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23335432.2021.1916405","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) weakening or tears occur in 16% of professional baseball pitchers. To prevent players from sustaining a UCL injury, it is important to understand the relationship between the UCL properties and elbow stabilizers with the load on the UCL during pitching. In-vitro studies showed that the ultimate external valgus torque of 34 Nm would rupture the UCL, which is in apparent conflict with the reported peak valgus torques in pitching (40–120 Nm). Assuming both observations are correct, the question rises why ‘only’ 16 out of 100 professional pitchers sustain a UCL rupture. Underestimation of the effect of other structures in in-vivo studies is most likely the explanation of this mismatch because the calculated in-vivo torque also includes possible contributions of functional and structural stabilizers. In-vitro studies show that the flexor-pronator mass has the potential to counteract valgus torque directly, whereas the elbow flexor-extensor muscles combined with the humeroradial joint might have an indirect effect on valgus torque by increasing the joint compression force. Accurate experimental electromyography data and a more detailed (musculoskeletal)mechanical model of the elbow are needed to investigate if and to what extent the structural and functional stabilizers can shield the UCL during pitching.","PeriodicalId":52124,"journal":{"name":"International Biomechanics","volume":" ","pages":"19-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23335432.2021.1916405","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38990928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of bicycle helmet damage visibility for concussion-threshold impacts.","authors":"Ana Cachau-Hansgardh,&nbsp;Caitlin McCleery,&nbsp;Manon Limousis-Gayda,&nbsp;Rami Hashish","doi":"10.1080/23335432.2021.2014359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23335432.2021.2014359","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Any helmet involved in an accident should be replaced, regardless of appearance after impact. However, consumer compliance and interpretation of this recommendation is unclear, for which there is additional ambiguity for lesser impacts. This study aims to investigate the relation between helmet damage visibility and lesser impacts in line with concussion. As a preliminary model, a commercially available road-style helmet was chosen. Twelve helmets underwent impact attenuation testing; four were dropped from the standard testing height of 2 m, and eight from lower drop heights (0.34 and 0.42 m) associated with the production of linear accelerations (90 and 100 g, respectively) consistent with the production of concussion. Expanded polystyrene damage was assessed via flat punch penetration testing. American adults were then polled on helmet damage visibility based upon before and after photos. All helmets demonstrated damage to the expanded polystyrene liner in the form of altered material properties. Helmets dropped from 2 m displayed significant changes in elastic buckling (p < .01) and densification behavior (p < .01) as compared with lower drop height results. Adverse change in elastic buckling behavior was found to increase linearly with drop height (p < .001). Damage visibility was significant for helmets dropped from a 2-meter height, however, such a relation among the helmets impacted at the threshold for concussion was lacking. These findings suggest that for the chosen helmet model, consumers may be unable to distinguish between new helmets and helmets with diminished protective abilities.</p>","PeriodicalId":52124,"journal":{"name":"International Biomechanics","volume":" ","pages":"85-100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8735878/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39731805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An interventional exploratory study to assess the effect of footwear on postural stability and strategy during quiet standing.","authors":"J Hausselle, A G Haddox, J Kasitz, A Azoug","doi":"10.1080/23335432.2021.1985610","DOIUrl":"10.1080/23335432.2021.1985610","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>A stable quiet stance is achieved by controlling the relative position of the center of pressure and the vertical projection of the center of mass. The best postural performances include efficient strategies to mitigate external perturbations. Footwear impacts postural stability and strategy by affecting cutaneous proprioception and ankle proprioception in the case of heeled shoes. The purpose of this study was to quantify the effects of four common footwear conditions, <i>i.e</i>. barefoot, sports, flats, and heels, on postural stability and strategy during quiet standing of healthy young women. Postural stability and strategy were assessed overall and in the antero-posterior and medio-lateral directions using five parameters: total sway, average center of pressure (COP) velocity, α value computed using detrended fluctuation analysis, hip over ankle ranges of motion, and power of the COP time series. Significant differences with barefoot were consistently found when wearing heels, namely a decrease in postural sway and average COP velocity. Results seemed counter-intuitive as they indicate an apparent increase in postural stability when wearing heels. A deeper analysis revealed a more complex scheme. A potential tightening of the motion when wearing heels, combined with an increase of the neutral plantarflexion angle, shifts the postural strategy towards a predominant hip strategy. Finally, proprioception did not play a key role. This study highlighted the complexity of the multifactorial interactions between footwear characteristics and postural strategies. Additional work is needed to develop footwear that will enhance postural stability of populations at risk, such as pregnant women or the elderly.</p>","PeriodicalId":52124,"journal":{"name":"International Biomechanics","volume":"8 1","pages":"63-74"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8519545/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10721144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A quantitative and non-invasive vibrational method to assess bone fracture healing: a clinical case study.","authors":"Lorenza Mattei,&nbsp;Miriam Di Fonzo,&nbsp;Stefano Marchetti,&nbsp;Francesca Di Puccio","doi":"10.1080/23335432.2021.1874528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23335432.2021.1874528","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Orthopaedics needs a robust diagnostic tool that can help or even replace traditional radiography in bone healing assessment, thus reducing patient exposure to ionizing radiation. We used a vibrational method to assess the healing of a complex fracture treated with external fixation, exploiting a quantitative and non-invasive procedure. Callus stiffening was monitored from the time of surgery until the fixator was removed. Our approach overcomes previous limitations and involves a longer period of healing monitoring (about 9 months), very frequent tests (bi-weekly), and the analysis of a single test configuration. The healing process was monitored by analysing the percentage increments of the squared resonant frequencies (SFIs), related to the stiffness variation and the changes in the frequency response functions. The results were validated by X-rays images, and revealed that the most sensitive parameter to quantify the healing was the SFI of the first resonant frequency which increased by about 20% per month during the formation of the woven callus and up to about 50% at the end of healing completion. This study confirms the potential of the vibrational method as an alternative to radiography in fracture healing assessment.</p>","PeriodicalId":52124,"journal":{"name":"International Biomechanics","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/23335432.2021.1874528","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38990925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development of postural stability in children with autism spectrum disorder: a cross-sectional study.","authors":"Yumeng Li,&nbsp;Ting Liu,&nbsp;Carrie E Venuti","doi":"10.1080/23335432.2021.1968316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23335432.2021.1968316","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The purpose was to investigate the effects of age on postural stability for children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Twenty-nine children with mild ASD were assigned into one of the three groups: 6-8 years (U8), 9-11 years (U11) and 12-14 years (U14). Participants stood barefoot with both feet on a force platform and maintained stationary for 15 seconds during eyes-open and eyes-closed conditions. Center of pressure data were collected and variables were calculated, including displacements, total distances, sway areas, and sample entropy. The variables were compared among the three groups using a mixed-model ANOVA. The <i>age group</i> effect was significant for mediolateral center of pressure displacement (<i>p = </i>0.04) and sway distance (<i>p = </i>0.02). Post-hoc comparisons revealed that U8 exhibited greater mediolateral displacement and total distance compared to U14, regardless of test conditions. The U14 group exhibited improved mediolateral postural stability compared to U8, whereas no differences were found between U8 and U11 or between U11 and U14. This may suggest that children with ASD could slowly develop postural stability but only demonstrate significant changes over a long period of time. Early intervention programs aimed to improve complexity of postural control could be beneficial.</p>","PeriodicalId":52124,"journal":{"name":"International Biomechanics","volume":" ","pages":"54-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8381937/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39341918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detection of knee wobbling as a screen to identify athletes who may be at high risk for ACL injury.","authors":"Akino Aoki,&nbsp;Satoshi Kubota,&nbsp;Kosuke Morinaga,&nbsp;Naiquan Nigel Zheng,&nbsp;Shangcheng Sam Wang,&nbsp;Kazuyoshi Gamada","doi":"10.1080/23335432.2021.1936175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/23335432.2021.1936175","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study developed a method to detect knee wobbling (KW) at low knee flexion. KW consists of quick uncontrollable medio-lateral knee movements without knee flexion, which may indicate a risk of ACL injury. Ten female athletes were recorded while performing slow, single-leg squats. Using motion capture data, the ratio of the frontal angular velocity to sagittal angular velocity (F/S) was calculated. An 'F/S spike' was defined when the F/S ratio exceeded 100%. The number of F/S spikes was counted before and after low-pass filtering at different cut-off frequencies. Intraclass correlation coefficients for KW and filtered F/S spike were analysed. KWs per squat cycle showed a median (range) of 3 (2-8) times. F/S spikes before and after low-pass filtering at 3-, 6-, 10-, and 15-Hz were 51 (12-108), 2 (0-6), 3 (1-12), 5 (2-21), and 9 (3-33) times, respectively. KWs and F/S spikes on motion capture with 6-Hz, low-pass filtering were well correlated (<i>r</i> = 0 .76). Median percentages of valgus and varus F/S spikes were 71% and 29%, respectively. After 6Hz, low-pass filtering, the number of F/S spikes was strongly correlated with observed KWs. An F/S spike assessment may be used to objectively detect KW, including flexion and varus/valgus angular velocity.</p>","PeriodicalId":52124,"journal":{"name":"International Biomechanics","volume":" ","pages":"30-41"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/51/4a/TBBE_8_1936175.PMC8330762.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39267472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}