Colloid and Polymer Science最新文献

{"title":"Preparation of agarose microspheres with large pore size and high load and purification of antibody in serum based on microfluidic technology","authors":"Guanglei Chang,&nbsp;Miaomiao Yang,&nbsp;Zhaobin Xu,&nbsp;Xinling Wang,&nbsp;Wenyao Li,&nbsp;Meixia He,&nbsp;Jintao Zhang,&nbsp;Yuanzhi Xu,&nbsp;Lulu Wang,&nbsp;Liguo Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s00396-025-05375-x","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00396-025-05375-x","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The performance of chromatographic media affects the efficiency of purification. In this study, based on a T-type microfluidic droplet generation system, agarose microspheres with large pore size and high load were prepared by adjusting the viscosity of a 4% agarose solution to 70 mPa·s at high temperature. Optical microscopy revealed that the self-made agarose microspheres had a good spherical structure with an average particle size of 82.81 μm and a CV value of 0.0576. Subsequently, the stability and mechanical strength of the self-made agarose microspheres were improved by cross-linking and activation with epichlorohydrin. After the cross-linking and activation, the agarose microspheres were grafted with Protein A to make it have specific adsorption capacity for IgG. The adsorption capacity of the self-made agarose microspheres grafted with Protein A for IgG was 87 mg/g. In the complex serum environment, the agarose microspheres grafted with Protein A still maintained good IgG adsorption capacity and selectivity, demonstrating their potential in practical applications. This study demonstrates the great potential of microfluidic technology in the design and preparation of bio-separation media. By precisely controlling the particle size and pore size of the microspheres, the purification efficiency and selectivity can be significantly improved, providing a new solution for the efficient purification of bio-products.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":520,"journal":{"name":"Colloid and Polymer Science","volume":"303 4","pages":"693 - 711"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143749140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Preparation, characterization and in vitro evaluation of poly[lactic-co-(glycolic acid)] (PLGA) nanoparticles conjugated with depolymerized hyaluronic acid for drug delivery","authors":"X. Janet Bertilla,&nbsp;S. Rupachandra","doi":"10.1007/s00396-024-05366-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00396-024-05366-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A drug delivery formulation is proposed to enhance the therapeutic efficacy of prednisolone while minimizing associated side effects. The method involves making a depolymerized hyaluronic acid conjugated poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (dp-HA-<i>g</i>-PLGA) copolymer with a hyaluronan-rich surface that can bind to CD44 receptors. The hydrophobic backbone of PLGA is chemically linked to partially depolymerized hyaluronic acid [dp-HA], augmenting the copolymer’s interaction with CD44 receptors. Prednisolone (PSL)-encapsulated dp-HA-<i>g</i>-PLGA nanoparticles (NPs) were prepared by the single emulsion technique and characterized for key parameters such as size, morphology, drug-loading efficiency, and drug release kinetics study. The average size of the PSL-encapsulated dp-HA-<i>g</i>-PLGA was identified as 271 nm with 74.7% encapsulation efficacy and 6.47% drug-loading efficacy. Furthermore, in vitro assays identify the biocompatibility of the nanoparticles in RAW 264.7 cells. Thus, the findings demonstrate the effectiveness of dp-HA<i>-g</i>-PLGA nanoparticles as a drug carrier for biomedical applications.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":520,"journal":{"name":"Colloid and Polymer Science","volume":"303 4","pages":"669 - 677"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143749094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"High surface area electrochemically stable nanocomposites based on TiO2 aerogels incorporated with conductive polymers","authors":"Joseane C. Bernardes,&nbsp;Marina C. P. Luz,&nbsp;Kananda M. Degues,&nbsp;Daliana Müller,&nbsp;Carlos R. Rambo","doi":"10.1007/s00396-025-05378-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00396-025-05378-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this work, nanocomposites based on TiO₂ aerogels incorporated with conductive polymers (PEDOT:PSS and PANI) were synthesized in situ. The evaluation of the electrochemical properties of nanocomposites of titania aerogels and conductive polymers was carried out using cyclic voltammetry, impedance spectroscopy, and galvanized charge–discharge methods. The nanocomposites exhibited a highly stable electrochemical cycling performance after incorporation with both PANI and PEDOT. TiO₂/PEDOT and TiO₂/PANI aerogels are in the region expected for application in Ragone graph supercapacitors with the highest specific capacitance at concentrations of 30% PEDOT of 1100 mF/g and a surface area of 546 m²/g, and 30% PANI with 1200 mF/g and a specific surface area of 606 m²/g, which is remarkably high for hybrid nanocomposites.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":520,"journal":{"name":"Colloid and Polymer Science","volume":"303 4","pages":"655 - 667"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143749056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A surfactant-polymer and macromolecular surfactant compound system for enhancing heavy oil recovery: Synthesis, characterization and mechanism","authors":"Jun Hu,&nbsp;Lei-ting Shi,&nbsp;Yue Luo,&nbsp;Mao Chen,&nbsp;Cheng Jin,&nbsp;Yong-jun Guo,&nbsp;Na Yuan","doi":"10.1007/s00396-025-05373-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00396-025-05373-z","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Chemical flooding has gained significant attention as an economical and effective technique for enhancing heavy oil recovery. Nevertheless, its application in heavy oil production is often hampered by low sweep efficiency and high injection pressure. To address these challenges, a new oil-displacing agent involving a macromolecular surfactant and a surfactant-polymer compound system has been proposed. This study introduces a surfactant-polymer (PAS) synthesized from acrylamide, 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid, and <i>N</i>-hexadecyl-<i>N</i>-sulfo acrylamide, along with a macromolecular surfactant (PSS) made from acrylamide, acrylic acid, sodium p-styrene sulfonate, <i>N</i>-hexadecyl-<i>N</i>-sulfo acrylamide, butyl acrylate, methylene-bis-acrylamide, and nano-silica. The structural composition of PAS and PSS was confirmed through ¹H-NMR and FT-IR analyses. Extensive testing was conducted comparing the performance of PAS, PSS, and a PAS-PSS compound system against an association polymer (AP-1) and a conventional polymer (HPAM). The study focused on thickening performance, interfacial activity, viscosity reduction of heavy oil, and core flooding performance. Results revealed that the PAS-PSS combination significantly outperforms both HPAM and AP-1 in terms of reducing heavy oil viscosity and improving interfacial activity. Specifically, a 1500 mg/L PAS-PSS system achieved a 90.83% reduction in heavy oil viscosity, reduced water–oil interfacial tension to 4.64 mN/m, and had an apparent solution viscosity of 6.45 mPa·s. Oil displacement experiments further demonstrated that the PAS-PSS system enhanced heavy oil recovery by 43.33%, markedly higher than the recovery rates for AP-1 (26.63%) and HPAM (16.76%). Additionally, the compounded system exhibited a lower apparent viscosity, leading to reduced injection pressure. Investigations into the mechanism showed that the PAS-PSS system effectively emulsifies heavy oil to lower its viscosity and increases the viscosity of the water phase. This dual action significantly improves both the oil displacement efficiency and sweep efficiency, subsequently enhancing overall heavy oil recovery. In summary, the use of a surfactant-polymer and a macromolecular surfactant complex system offers a promising advancement in chemical flooding techniques for high-viscosity heavy oil extraction, presenting a novel method to bolster heavy oil recovery operations.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":520,"journal":{"name":"Colloid and Polymer Science","volume":"303 4","pages":"637 - 653"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143749074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Synthesis, characterization, rheological properties of β-cyclodextrin-modified polyacrylamide","authors":"Yinyin Liu,&nbsp;Lei Wang,&nbsp;Guiru Liu,&nbsp;Hongtao Jin,&nbsp;Xiaojuan Lai,&nbsp;Haibin Li,&nbsp;Jiali Chen","doi":"10.1007/s00396-024-05372-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00396-024-05372-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>X-β-cyclodextrin (β-CD), a vinyl-functionalized monomer, was successfully synthesized through the chemical modification of β-CD. Subsequently, X-β-CD was co-polymerized with acrylic acid, acrylamide, and 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid via free radical copolymerization to produce a novel hydrophobic inclusion polymer—X-β-HPAM. The structure of X-β-HPAM was characterized using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. Furthermore, its aqueous rheological properties were analyzed through rheometry. The results revealed that at shearing temperatures of 120 °C and 150 °C and a shear rate of 170 s⁻¹, the viscosity of a 0.4% X-β-HPAM aqueous solution gradually increased beyond a shear time of 1200 s, indicating the thickening effect of the X-β-CD monomer on the solution at elevated temperatures. Following shearing for 2 h, the residual viscosity stabilized at 62.24 mPa·s, after undergoing a shearing process for a duration of 2 h, the viscosity of a X-β-HPAM salt solution, with a mass fraction of 0.4% and dissolved in a 5% NaCl aqueous solution at a temperature of 150℃, remains consistently stable at the value of 60.04 mPa·s, demonstrating the excellent salt, temperature, and shear resistance of X-β-HPAM. Thus, β-CD-modified polyacrylamide enhances the thermal resistance and shear resistance of fracturing fluids, thereby improving recovery efficiency.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":520,"journal":{"name":"Colloid and Polymer Science","volume":"303 4","pages":"609 - 619"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143749268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Artificial neural network prediction of TiO2-doped chitosan micro/nanoparticle size based on particle imaging measurements","authors":"R. Seda Tığlı Aydın,&nbsp;Aysu Demir","doi":"10.1007/s00396-024-05368-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00396-024-05368-2","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study, TiO₂-doped chitosan micro/nanoparticles were fabricated using the ionic gelation mechanism under several process parameters to exhibit the strategy of introducing particle image data for the prediction of particle size. Herein, we report on a detailed methodology for the prediction of prepared particles via artificial neural network (ANN) algorithm using the multi-layer perceptron (MLP) and radial basis function (RBF) models to select the model that demonstrates the best performance for estimation of particle size. Chitosan and TiO₂-doped chitosan micro/nanoparticles were imaged, processed, and analyzed as particle diameters in order to explore prediction models, which were developed under three different classes of prepared particles (chitosan, TiO₂-doped chitosan, and chitosan/TiO₂-doped chitosan). Models were built using particle fabrication process parameters as input with particle size as output. The established MLP model successfully predicted the particle size of all classes with the mean square error (MSE) and correlation coefficient (<i>R</i>) between the observed and predicted values in the range of 0.0012–0.0065 and 0.85–0.90, respectively. The best results for prediction were achieved from the RBF model for all classes of particles where MSE and <i>R</i> values were determined as 2.93 × 10⁻²²–4.93 × 10⁻¹¹ and 1.0, respectively. Results successfully highlighted the prediction process of particle sizes via MLP and RBF models could be relevant in the decision to produce TiO₂-doped chitosan particles and confirmed the usefulness of particle image data for simulation.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":520,"journal":{"name":"Colloid and Polymer Science","volume":"303 4","pages":"621 - 635"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143749269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Low-speed impact characteristics of shear thickening fluids: theoretical prediction model and experimental verification","authors":"Shuqi Wang,&nbsp;Jie Gao,&nbsp;Wenyu Zhang,&nbsp;Ziying Zhen,&nbsp;Chunlei He","doi":"10.1007/s00396-024-05369-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00396-024-05369-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Shear thickening fluids (STFs) are a type of non-Newtonian fluid that disperses particles at the micrometer or nanometer scale into a liquid medium, forming a particle suspension. The viscosity of STF increases with increasing shear rate when the shear rate is above a critical value. During external load impact, STF can absorb substantial impact energy, effectively mitigating shocks and vibrations. This paper focuses on the dynamic characteristics of STFs with different dispersion systems, including cornstarch-water STFs and silica-polyethylene glycol (SiO₂-PEG) STFs under low-speed impact. First, from an energy perspective, this paper established a theoretical model to study the impact properties of STFs considering the viscosity characteristic of STFs. Further, the model is numerically solved using the Runge–Kutta method, and variation of impact displacement, velocity, acceleration, and impact force with time during the impact process can be obtained. Then, the rheological properties of STFs were studied, and viscosity models of different STFs were fitted through experimental results. Finally, impact experiments were carried out with a falling hammer onto STFs to validate the established theoretical model. A good consistency between theoretical model and experiments was achieved. Results in this paper show different impact response mechanisms between cornstarch-water STF and silica-polyethylene glycol STF. The former experiences thickening at the moment of impact, resulting in a quasi-solid state phenomenon that generates a significant reverse impact force to slow down the falling hammer. In the latter, the thickening effect creates viscous resistance on the falling hammer, and a smaller impact force is produced.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":520,"journal":{"name":"Colloid and Polymer Science","volume":"303 4","pages":"589 - 607"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143749257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation of surface properties and thermodynamic properties of high-temperature coal tar pitch using inverse gas chromatography","authors":"Yuan Li,&nbsp;Nuerbiya Yalikun,&nbsp;Qiang Wang,&nbsp;Shenglong Yu","doi":"10.1007/s00396-025-05376-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00396-025-05376-w","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The surface properties and thermodynamic properties of high-temperature coal tar pitch (HCTP) were determined by inverse gas chromatography at 323.15–353.15 K, and its surface dispersion free energy, Lewis acid–base constant, Florry-Huggins interaction parameters and Hildebrand solubility parameters of HCTP were determined. In the range of 323.15–353.15 K, the surface dispersion free energy of HCTP increased with the increase of temperature. Furthermore, the acid constant <i>K</i>_a of HCTP calculated as 0.259, the base constant <i>K</i>_b is 3.1, demonstrated that HCTP is an amphoteric alkaline material. The Florry-Huggins interaction parameters showed that tetrahydrofuran and butanol were good solvents for HCTP. The Hildebrand solubility parameters of HCTP at 323.15–353.15 K were 17.33, 16.76, 15.98, and 14.68 (J/cm³)^0.5, respectively, and showed a downward trend with the increase of temperature.</p><h3>Graphical abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":520,"journal":{"name":"Colloid and Polymer Science","volume":"303 4","pages":"579 - 587"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143749256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of tribological behavior using the Taguchi method and pin-on-disc machine along with mechanical properties of hybrid polymer composites","authors":"S Kartik Shubham,&nbsp;Ajay Pandey,&nbsp;Rajesh Purohit","doi":"10.1007/s00396-025-05377-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00396-025-05377-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Polymer composite with a high strength-to-lightweight ratio is very much in trend in aviation and metro cabins, sports, and medical equipment. This research develops and tests a hybrid polymer composite laminate (HPCL) using hand lay-up and compression molding techniques. Epoxy is used as the matrix for creating Kevlar/banana fiber (KBF) and nanographene oxide (GO)-reinforced composites with varying GO weight percentages (0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, and 1 wt.%). Wear analysis is conducted through a design of experiment approach and ANOVA to examine the effects of parameters like filler weight percentage, normal load, velocity, and sliding distance on weight loss. Sliding distances (200–500 m), normal loads (5–20 N), and velocities (1–4 m/s) are tested. Mechanical tests reveal maximum tensile strength (300.18 MPa), flexural strength (425.56 MPa), hardness (85.68), and interlaminar shear strength (42.23 MPa). Among the composites, the KBF/epoxy composite with 0.5 wt.% GO shows improved mechanical properties, while GO reduces wear and weight loss. Worn surfaces, analyzed by tungsten-scanning electron microscopy (W-SEM), support these results. The highest impact strength of 771.6 J/m is found at 0.25 wt.% GO. Hence, with all these properties, HPCL was found to be one of the best alternatives to conventional composites.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":520,"journal":{"name":"Colloid and Polymer Science","volume":"303 4","pages":"563 - 577"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143749259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Development and study of a salt tolerance Gemini cationic viscoelastic surfactant with spacer of neopentyl-glycol applied in seawater-based clean fracturing fluid","authors":"Wenlong Zhang,&nbsp;Qi Zhang,&nbsp;Tianbao Xia,&nbsp;Qiuhan Ji,&nbsp;Jiefan Liu,&nbsp;Xingwen Liu,&nbsp;Lan Wang,&nbsp;Longyao Wang","doi":"10.1007/s00396-024-05367-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s00396-024-05367-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>A viscoelastic surfactant (<i>VES</i>) clean fracturing fluid is an excellent alternative to polymer-based fracturing fluids for fracturing low-permeability reservoirs. However, the existing <i>VES</i> either has poor salt resistance or involve complicated preparation steps. Herein, a cationic Gemini <i>VES</i> with high salt tolerance, named neopentanediol di-(erucamide propyl ammonium bromide) (<i>NEPB</i>), was synthesized through a one-step reaction to simplify the process, using erucamide propyl dimethylamine and pentaerythritol dibromide dissolved in <i>DMF</i>. The double hydroxyl groups on the spacer imparts <i>NEPB</i> superior salt tolerance to the Gemini <i>VES</i> with a single hydroxyl (<i>JS-(OH)-JS</i>). Salinity-sensitive evaluation experiments consisting of salinity cloud point, <i>DLS</i>, and fluorescent probe tests; rheological experiments including apparent viscosity, viscoelasticity, and heat and shear resistance measurement; and comprehensive tests of fracturing fluids such as proppant suspending, gel-breaking, and core damage rate were carried out to study the performance of <i>NEPB</i> used in a fracturing fluid. The apparent viscosity of 3 wt% <i>NEPB</i> solution rises to the peak value at the NaCl concentration of 5 wt%, much higher than that of the <i>JS-(OH)-JS</i> solution. Oscillatory measurements exhibit that the <i>NEPB</i> solution with the peak apparent viscosity exhibits superior viscoelasticity to the <i>JS-(OH)-JS</i> solution, and the relaxation time and the plateau of the storage moduli are 17.69 s and 53.71 Pa. And the <i>NEPB</i> VES fracturing fluids prepared by the simulated seawater of the South China Sea, with NaSal added, exhibits best heat and shear resistance, and the remain viscosity is above 40 mPa·s. Settling velocity proppant in the <i>NEPB VES</i> fracturing fluid with NaSal added is 1.22 mm/s. Ethylene glycol butyl ether exhibits a superior gel-breaking performance to crude oil, and the insoluble residues of the ethylene glycol butyl ether gel-breaking fluids are all below 3 mg/L. The development of <i>NEPB</i> not only simplifies the preparation course of <i>VES</i> but also improve the salt tolerance of cationic Gemini <i>VES</i>, which is meaningful to the development of low-permeability oil and gas reservoirs offshore.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000<div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div></div>","PeriodicalId":520,"journal":{"name":"Colloid and Polymer Science","volume":"303 4","pages":"547 - 561"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2025-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143749249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"化学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}