{"title":"An outbreak of Salmonella typhimurium phage type 99 linked to a hotel buffet in Victoria.","authors":"J Greig, K Lalor, C Ferreira, E McCormick","doi":"10.33321/cdi.2001.25.49","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33321/cdi.2001.25.49","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520897,"journal":{"name":"Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report","volume":"25 4","pages":"277-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144319254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A Boyd, A Fletcher, J S Lee, V Lewis, C L Masters, S J Collins
{"title":"Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies in Australia.","authors":"A Boyd, A Fletcher, J S Lee, V Lewis, C L Masters, S J Collins","doi":"10.33321/cdi.2001.25.41","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33321/cdi.2001.25.41","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Australian National Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Registry (ANCJDR) commenced surveillance in September 1993 as part of the Commonwealth's response to 4 cases of pituitary hormone (gonadotrophin)-associated Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD). With the passage of time, the Registry has become responsible for ascertaining all human transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSE; also known as prion diseases) within Australia since 1970. Included in the spectrum of diseases monitored are classical (sporadic, genetic, and health care acquired) CJD, and variant CJD (vCJD), first reported in 1996 in the United Kingdom. Variant CJD has not yet been diagnosed in Australia. Final classification of persons with suspected human prion disease is based upon all available clinical, investigational and pathological information. Ascertainment methods are diverse and include prompted, half-yearly personal communications from neurologists and neuropathologists, death certificate searches, and morbidity separation coding searches of major hospital, and State and Territory databases. More recently, referral for diagnostic CSF 14-3-3 protein testing (performed by the ANCJDR) has considerably increased prospective notifications of suspect cases. As at September 2001 there were 460 cases on the register; 237 definite cases, 168 probable and 55 incomplete cases awaiting final classification.</p>","PeriodicalId":520897,"journal":{"name":"Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report","volume":"25 4","pages":"248-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144319266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Tuberculosis in Australia: bacteriologically confirmed cases and drug resistance, 1998-1999: report of the Australian Mycobacterium Reference Laboratory Network.","authors":"D Dawson","doi":"10.33321/cdi.2001.25.44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33321/cdi.2001.25.44","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The Australian Mycobacterium Reference Laboratory Network collected and analysed laboratory data on new diagnoses of infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in 1998 and 1999. Totals of 700 and 760 cases were identified, representing annual reporting rates of 3.7 and 4.0 cases of laboratory confirmed tuberculosis (TB) per 100,000 population in the years 1998 and 1999 respectively. Australia's TB reporting rates have varied little in the past decade, ranging from 3.7 to 4.1 cases per 100,000 population. Reporting rates vary between States, reflecting differences in the distribution of persons in 'high-risk' categories for TB. The male:female ratio decreased to almost 1:1. The median age for males with culture-confirmed TB is in the 45-49 age group; for females, the median is in the 35-39 age group. Pulmonary disease was diagnosed in 63 per cent of cases whereas disease of lymph nodes accounted for 21 per cent of all cases. Children have the lowest rates of culture-confirmed TB; males in the older age groups have the highest rates. Microscopy was positive for 60 per cent of culture-positive sputa, and for approximately 45 per cent of bronchoscopy specimens. The frequency of multi-drug resistance (less than 1%) was slightly lower than in previous years.</p>","PeriodicalId":520897,"journal":{"name":"Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report","volume":"25 4","pages":"261-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144319267","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P Roche, J Spencer, M Lin, H Gidding, M Kirk, M Eyeson-Annan, A Milton, D Witteveen, A Merianos
{"title":"Australia's notifiable diseases status, 1999: annual report of the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System.","authors":"P Roche, J Spencer, M Lin, H Gidding, M Kirk, M Eyeson-Annan, A Milton, D Witteveen, A Merianos","doi":"10.33321/cdi.2001.25.39","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33321/cdi.2001.25.39","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In 1999 there were 88,229 [corrected] notifications of communicable diseases in Australia reported to the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NNDSS). The number of notifications in 1999 was an increase of 3 per cent on notifications in 1998 (85,227) and the second largest reporting year since the NNDSS commenced in 1991. Notifications in 1999 consisted of 29,977 bloodborne infections (34% of total), 22,255 gastrointestinal infections (25%), 21,704 sexually transmitted infections (25%), 5,986 vector borne infections (7%),5,228 vaccine preventable infections (6%), 1,967 (2%) other bacterial infections (legionella, meningococcal, leprosy and tuberculosis), 1,012 zoonotic infections (1%) and 3 quarantinable infections (0.003%). Notifications of bloodborne viral diseases particularly hepatitis B and hepatitis C and some sexually transmitted infections such as gonorrhoea and chlamydia continue to increase in Australia. Steep declines in vaccine preventable diseases such as Haemophilus influenzae type b, measles, mumps and rubella continued in 1999. This report also summarises data on communicable diseases from other surveillance systems including the Laboratory Virology and Serology Surveillance Scheme (LabVISE) and sentinel general practitioner schemes. In addition this report comments on other important developments in communicable disease control in Australia in 1999.</p>","PeriodicalId":520897,"journal":{"name":"Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report","volume":"25 4","pages":"190-245"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144319257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Short report: prevalence of markers of exposure to Q fever in rural central Queensland.","authors":"R Taylor, I Hunter, R Tan","doi":"10.33321/cdi.2001.25.53","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33321/cdi.2001.25.53","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520897,"journal":{"name":"Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report","volume":"25 4","pages":"285-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144319264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P Roche, A Merianos, R Antic, J Carnie, A Christensen, J Waring, A Konstantinos, V Krause, M Hurwitz, A V Misrachi, I Bastian
{"title":"Tuberculosis notifications in Australia, 1999.","authors":"P Roche, A Merianos, R Antic, J Carnie, A Christensen, J Waring, A Konstantinos, V Krause, M Hurwitz, A V Misrachi, I Bastian","doi":"10.33321/cdi.2001.25.43","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33321/cdi.2001.25.43","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Australia has one of the lowest incidence of tuberculosis in the world. The crude annual notification rate for tuberculosis (TB) has remained stable at between 5 and 6 per 100,000 population since 1991. In 1999, there were a total of 1,159 TB notifications in Australia of which 1,117 were new TB cases, and 42 were relapsed cases. The corresponding annual notification rate for new and relapsed TB was 5.9 and 0.2 per 100,000 population respectively. People born overseas accounted for 83 per cent of the notified cases. TB notification rates remain highest among overseas-born residents from high prevalence countries, and indigenous Australians. The lowest rates of disease are in the non-indigenous, Australian born population and data from the last 7 years indicate that the rate of tuberculosis in this population is continuing to fall.</p>","PeriodicalId":520897,"journal":{"name":"Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report","volume":"25 4","pages":"254-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2001-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144319268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}