Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report最新文献

Vaccine preventable diseases and vaccination coverage in Australia, 1999 to 2000. 1999年至2000年澳大利亚疫苗可预防疾病和疫苗接种覆盖率。

Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report Pub Date : 2002-05-01 DOI: 10.33321/cdi.2002.26.12

Peter McIntyre, Heather Gidding, Robin Gilmour, Glenda Lawrence, Brynley Hull, Peter Horby, Han Wang, Ross Andrews, Margaret Burgess

引用次数: 0

Evaluation of the Australian CJD surveillance system. 澳大利亚克雅氏病监测系统评价。

Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report Pub Date : 2002-01-01 DOI: 10.33321/cdi.2002.26.24

Monica Robotin

{"title":"Evaluation of the Australian CJD surveillance system.","authors":"Monica Robotin","doi":"10.33321/cdi.2002.26.24","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33321/cdi.2002.26.24","url":null,"abstract":"An evaluation of the surveillance capacity of the Australian National Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease Registry (ANCJDR) was undertaken. It focused on the ability of the Registry to detect CJD in Australia and, in particular, to identify cases that require public health responses. The Registry relies on a complex reporting system and staff with expertise to accurately identify and classify cases of CJD. The Registry satisfies the criteria of flexibility and acceptability and has a high positive predictive value and representativeness. The sensitivity of the system could not be evaluated, as the rarity of the condition precludes an independent assessment of the incidence of CJD, but the incidence of CJD is comparable to that found in other countries. The time required to establish a definite diagnosis of CJD is approximately 2 months, impacting negatively on the timeliness of the system. In order to maximise the likelihood of detecting all cases of CJD in Australia in a timely fashion, suggestions are made for improving the system's sensitivity and timeliness of reporting as well as for using methods that allow meaningful comparisons of incidence between populations with different age structures.","PeriodicalId":520897,"journal":{"name":"Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report","volume":"26 2","pages":"265-72"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144319285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tuberculosis in Australia: bacteriologically confirmed cases and drug resistance, 2000: report of the Australian Mycobacterium Laboratory Reference Network. 澳大利亚结核病：细菌学确诊病例和耐药性，2000年：澳大利亚分枝杆菌实验室参考网络的报告。

Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report Pub Date : 2002-01-01 DOI: 10.33321/cdi.2002.26.17

Richard Lumb, Ivan Bastian, David Dawson, Chris Gilpin, Frank Havekort, Peter Howard, Aina Sievers

{"title":"Tuberculosis in Australia: bacteriologically confirmed cases and drug resistance, 2000: report of the Australian Mycobacterium Laboratory Reference Network.","authors":"Richard Lumb, Ivan Bastian, David Dawson, Chris Gilpin, Frank Havekort, Peter Howard, Aina Sievers","doi":"10.33321/cdi.2002.26.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33321/cdi.2002.26.17","url":null,"abstract":"The Australian Mycobacterium Reference Laboratory Network collected and analysed laboratory data on new diagnoses of disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex in the year 2000. A total of 765 cases were identified, representing an annual reporting rate of 4.0 cases of laboratory-confirmed tuberculosis (TB) per 100,000 population. Pulmonary disease was diagnosed in 64.9 per cent of cases with a male:female ratio of 1.5:1. Smears were positive for 209/365 (57.3%) of sputum isolates and 39/117 (33.3%) bronchoscopy isolates. Sputum from males was more likely to be smear-positive (63.3%) than from females (47.5%). Isolates from lymph node accounted for 136 (17.7%) of all cases; only 28.7 per cent were smear-positive. Eighty-four (11.0%) isolates, comprising 82 M. tuberculosis and 2 M. bovis strains, demonstrated in vitro resistance to at least one of the standard anti-TB medications. Resistance to at least isoniazid and rifampicin (defined as multidrug-resistant TB) was observed for only 8 (1.0%) strains, a rate similar to previous years. Almost all (96.3%) of patients with drug resistant strains were classified as having initial resistance. The country of birth was known for 76 (92.7%) of 82 patients with a drug resistant strain of M. tuberculosis; 6 were Australian-born and 70 (92.1%) had migrated from a total of 17 countries. Of these 70 migrants with drug-resistant disease, 68.6 per cent had migrated from one of the following countries: Vietnam (n=15), China (n=11), Philippines (n=11), India (n=6), and Indonesia (n=5).","PeriodicalId":520897,"journal":{"name":"Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report","volume":"26 2","pages":"226-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144319292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rising prevalence of genital Chlamydia trachomatis infection in heterosexual patients at the Sydney Sexual Health Centre, 1994 to 2000. 1994年至2000年悉尼性健康中心异性恋患者生殖器沙眼衣原体感染率上升。

Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report Pub Date : 2002-01-01 DOI: 10.33321/cdi.2002.26.10

Basil Donova

{"title":"Rising prevalence of genital Chlamydia trachomatis infection in heterosexual patients at the Sydney Sexual Health Centre, 1994 to 2000.","authors":"Basil Donova","doi":"10.33321/cdi.2002.26.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33321/cdi.2002.26.10","url":null,"abstract":"This study sought to investigate trends in the prevalence of genital Chlamydia trachomatis infection in heterosexual patients attending an urban sexual health service. Data from cases of C. trachomatis in all new self-referred heterosexual patients who were tested at the Sydney Sexual Health Centre from 1994 to 2000 were extracted from the Centre's database. Female sex workers and homosexually active men were excluded. Over the study period the prevalence of C. trachomatis infection doubled from 1.8 per cent to 3.5 per cent among the women (p=0.004) and tripled from 2.1 per cent to 6.6 per cent among the men (p<0.001) who were tested. Both men and women reported an increasing overall trend in the mean (but not median) number of sexual partners during the previous 3 months (p=0.039 and p=0.001, respectively). There were modest increases in the proportion of men and women that reported unprotected vaginal or anal sex in the previous 3 months, from 76.5 per cent to 81.7 per cent for males (p=0.122) and from 65.1 per cent to 70.2 per cent (p=0.01) for females. The introduction of more sensitive DNA-based testing probably only accounted for 8 per cent of the rise in prevalence among women and 16 per cent among men. These findings complement the rising trends in national notifications of C. trachomatis infection. Further investigation and interventions on a national scale to reduce the prevalence of C. trachomatis seem timely.","PeriodicalId":520897,"journal":{"name":"Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report","volume":"26 1","pages":"51-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144319278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Outbreak of gastroenteritis due to Salmonella typhimurium phage type I 35a following consumption of raw egg. 食用生鸡蛋后爆发鼠伤寒沙门菌噬菌体I - 35a型肠胃炎。

Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report Pub Date : 2002-01-01 DOI: 10.33321/cdi.2002.26.27

Robert Hall

引用次数: 0

Australia's Imported Food Program--a valuable source of information on micro-organisms in foods. 澳大利亚的进口食品计划——食品中微生物的宝贵信息来源。

Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report Pub Date : 2002-01-01 DOI: 10.33321/cdi.2002.26.5

Ann L Bull, Scott K Crerar, Mary Y Beers

{"title":"Australia's Imported Food Program--a valuable source of information on micro-organisms in foods.","authors":"Ann L Bull, Scott K Crerar, Mary Y Beers","doi":"10.33321/cdi.2002.26.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33321/cdi.2002.26.5","url":null,"abstract":"Foods imported into Australia are subject to laboratory testing for microbiological and chemical hazards under the Imported Food Program (IFP) for the purposes of protecting public health and safety. The program, operating under the Imported Food Control Act 1992, is jointly administered by the Australian Quarantine Inspection Service (AQIS) and the Australia New Zealand Food Authority (ANZFA). Foods that fail under the IFP are subsequently subjected to appropriate treatment to rectify the problem, or are destroyed or re-exported. This article presents a limited analysis of IFP test results on selected foods imported between 1995 and 1999. As corrective action is taken immediately on the basis of failing test results, regular analysis of collated data is not considered a priority. Nonetheless these data potentially represent an important source of information on the nature of food microorganisms detected in imported foods. For example, IFP data could be used to focus local and state-based food surveillance efforts, provide information to importers, to inform national initiatives such as OzFoodNet, and to better target investigative and preventative efforts concerning foodborne illness.","PeriodicalId":520897,"journal":{"name":"Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report","volume":"26 1","pages":"28-32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144319271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reappearance of human cases due to Murray Valley encephalitis virus and Kunjin virus in central Australia after an absence of 26 years. 消失26年后，澳大利亚中部因墨累谷脑炎病毒和昆津病毒引起的人间病例再次出现。

Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report Pub Date : 2002-01-01 DOI: 10.33321/cdi.2002.26.8

Alex Brown, Srinivas Bolisetty, Peter Whelan, David Smith, Gavin Wheaton

引用次数: 0

An outbreak of Salmonella typhimurium phage type 135 infection linked to the consumption of raw shell eggs in an aged care facility. 一家老年护理机构爆发与食用生壳蛋有关的鼠伤寒沙门氏菌噬菌体135型感染。

Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report Pub Date : 2002-01-01 DOI: 10.33321/cdi.2002.26.7

Ingrid G Tribe, David Cowell, Peter Cameron, Scott Cameron

引用次数: 0

An outbreak of Salmonella typhimurium PTI35 gastroenteritis associated with a minimally cooked dessert containing raw eggs. 鼠伤寒沙门氏菌PTI35肠胃炎的爆发与含有生鸡蛋的最低煮熟甜点有关。

Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report Pub Date : 2002-01-01 DOI: 10.33321/cdi.2002.26.6

Mohinder Sarna, Gary Dowse, Greg Evans, Charles Guest

{"title":"An outbreak of Salmonella typhimurium PTI35 gastroenteritis associated with a minimally cooked dessert containing raw eggs.","authors":"Mohinder Sarna, Gary Dowse, Greg Evans, Charles Guest","doi":"10.33321/cdi.2002.26.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33321/cdi.2002.26.6","url":null,"abstract":"In April 2000, we investigated an outbreak of gastroenteritis amongst attendees of a local community dinner in a Perth suburb. Of the 98 people interviewed (response rate 98%), 53 reported gastrointestinal symptoms (attack rate 54%). Faecal cultures from 11 cases, 2 food preparers, 1 waitress and leftover mock ice-cream dessert grew Salmonella Typhimurium PT135. Of the 3 food handlers, one was asymptomatic, another gave an unclear history of onset of illness and the waitress claimed illness onset 9 days after the dinner. A cohort study implicated fruit salad (RR 1.64 [95% CI: 1.05-2.58], p=0.017) and/or mock ice-cream dessert (RR 1.78 [95% CI: 0.91-3.52], p=0.045). Eggs used to make the mock ice-cream dessert were supplied directly from the producer who used inappropriate shell cleaning methods. The method of preparation of the dessert encouraged contamination. Salmonella species were not isolated in poultry faecal samples collected from the implicated egg farm. The cause of this outbreak was almost certainly the ice-cream dessert with contamination most likely resulting either from the eggs used to make the dessert or one or both of the food preparers, coupled with inadequate cooking of the dessert. Eggs used in preparing food for mass consumption should be sourced from distributors with approved cleaning procedures. Furthermore, pasteurised egg products or egg pulp should be used in the preparation of uncooked or minimally cooked dishes.","PeriodicalId":520897,"journal":{"name":"Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report","volume":"26 1","pages":"32-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144319270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Australia's notifiable diseases status, 2000. Annual report of the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System. 澳大利亚的法定疾病状况，2000年。国家法定疾病监测系统年度报告。

Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report Pub Date : 2002-01-01 DOI: 10.33321/cdi.2002.26.14

Ming Lin, Paul Roche, Jenean Spencer, Alison Milton, Phil Wright, David Witteveen, Robyn Leader, Angela Merianos, Chris Bunn, Heather Gidding, John Kaldor, Martyn Kirk, Rob Hall, Tony Della-Porta

{"title":"Australia's notifiable diseases status, 2000. Annual report of the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System.","authors":"Ming Lin, Paul Roche, Jenean Spencer, Alison Milton, Phil Wright, David Witteveen, Robyn Leader, Angela Merianos, Chris Bunn, Heather Gidding, John Kaldor, Martyn Kirk, Rob Hall, Tony Della-Porta","doi":"10.33321/cdi.2002.26.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33321/cdi.2002.26.14","url":null,"abstract":"In 2000, there were 89,740 notifications of communicable diseases in Australia collected by the National Notifiable Diseases Surveillance System (NNDSS). The number of notifications in 2000 was an increase of 5.9 per cent over those reported in 1999 (84,743) and the largest reporting year since the NNDSS commenced in 1991. Notifications in 2000 consisted of 28,341 bloodborne infections (32% of total), 24,319 sexually transmitted infections (27%), 21,303 gastrointestinal infections (24%), 6,617 vaccine preventable infections (7%), 6,069 vectorborne infections (7%), 2,121 other bacterial infections (legionellosis, meningococcal infection, leprosy and tuberculosis) (2%), 969 zoonotic infections (1%) and only one case of a quarantinable infection. Steep declines in some childhood vaccine preventable diseases such as Haemophilus influenzae type b, measles, mumps and rubella, continued in 2000. In contrast, notifications of pertussis and legionellosis increased sharply in the year. Notifications of bloodborne viral diseases (particularly hepatitis B and hepatitis C) and some sexually transmitted infections such as chlamydia, continue to increase in Australia. This report also summarises data on communicable diseases from other surveillance systems including the Laboratory Virology and Serology Surveillance Scheme (LabVISE) and sentinel general practitioner schemes. In addition this report comments on other important developments in communicable disease control in Australia in 2000.","PeriodicalId":520897,"journal":{"name":"Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report","volume":"26 2","pages":"118-203"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144319284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0