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Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report最新文献

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Tuberculosis notifications in Australia, 2000. 2000年澳大利亚结核病通报情况。
Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report Pub Date : 2002-01-01 DOI: 10.33321/cdi.2002.26.16
Ming Lin, Jenean Spencer, Paul Roche, Moira Mckinnon
{"title":"Tuberculosis notifications in Australia, 2000.","authors":"Ming Lin, Jenean Spencer, Paul Roche, Moira Mckinnon","doi":"10.33321/cdi.2002.26.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33321/cdi.2002.26.16","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Australia has one of the lowest incidences of tuberculosis (TB) in the world. The annual incidence rate has remained stable at between 5 and 6 per 100,000 population, since 1991. In 2000, there were 1,060 TB notifications in Australia, of which 1,004 were newly diagnosed cases and 56 were relapse cases. The corresponding incidence rate for new and relapsed TB was 5.2 and 0.3 cases per 100,000 population, respectively. The highest incidence of TB disease in Australia continues to be among the overseas-born (18.0 per 100,000 population) and Indigenous Australians (15.3 per 100,000 population). By contrast, the incidence of disease in the non-indigenous Australian-born population remains low (1.2 per 100,000 population).</p>","PeriodicalId":520897,"journal":{"name":"Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report","volume":"26 2","pages":"214-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144319293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Outcomes from the first two years of the Australian hepatitis C surveillance strategy. 澳大利亚丙型肝炎监测策略头两年的结果。
Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report Pub Date : 2002-01-01 DOI: 10.33321/cdi.2002.26.3
Jenean Spencer, Gregory Dore, Monica Robotin, Patty Correll, John Kaldor
{"title":"Outcomes from the first two years of the Australian hepatitis C surveillance strategy.","authors":"Jenean Spencer, Gregory Dore, Monica Robotin, Patty Correll, John Kaldor","doi":"10.33321/cdi.2002.26.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33321/cdi.2002.26.3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The objectives of national hepatitis C surveillance are to identify those at risk in order to appropriately target prevention and care programs, and to evaluate the impact of these approaches. In 1998 the Communicable Diseases Network Australia New Zealand (CDNANZ) appointed the Hepatitis C Surveillance Committee to develop and implement approaches for improved hepatitis C surveillance in Australia. The Australian Hepatitis C Surveillance Strategy was endorsed in 1999 and provides a framework for improvements to national hepatitis C surveillance. The strategy covers two main surveillance activities: surveillance of incident and prevalent hepatitis C, and the long-term outcomes of hepatitis C. The committee (now the CDNA Viral Hepatitis Surveillance Committee) has continued to facilitate the implementation of the recommendations proposed. Progress towards improvement of hepatitis C surveillance in Australia includes the development of standard case reporting for hepatitis C, collation of data on incident and prevalent hepatitis C from a range of populations at lower and higher risk of hepatitis C, and collation of data from liver transplant registries. Advances in the implementation of the strategy are incremental. While there is enthusiastic commitment towards improving hepatitis C surveillance in Australia, the number of cases, the capacity and competing priorities of State and Territory health departments has meant that implementation has been challenging, highlighting the difficulties in introducing new systems into an already complex situation.</p>","PeriodicalId":520897,"journal":{"name":"Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report","volume":"26 1","pages":"14-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144319275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A large, prolonged outbreak of human calicivirus infection linked to an aged-care facility. 与一家老年护理机构有关的大规模、长期的人类杯状病毒感染爆发。
Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report Pub Date : 2002-01-01 DOI: 10.33321/cdi.2002.26.23
Adriana Milazzo, Ingrid G Tribe, Rod Ratcliff, Chris Doherty, Geoff Higgins, Rod Givney
{"title":"A large, prolonged outbreak of human calicivirus infection linked to an aged-care facility.","authors":"Adriana Milazzo, Ingrid G Tribe, Rod Ratcliff, Chris Doherty, Geoff Higgins, Rod Givney","doi":"10.33321/cdi.2002.26.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33321/cdi.2002.26.23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This report investigates an outbreak of acute gastrointestinal illness, microbiologically and epidemiologically linked to an aged-care facility and seeks to determine if there was a point source of infection. A register of cases that included onset date and time of illness and symptoms was maintained by nursing staff. Faecal specimens were tested for conventional gastrointestinal pathogens and for human calicivirus (HuCV). There were 81 cases reported. Specimens were received for testing from 25 cases. Twenty-three of the 25 (92%) specimens were positive for HuCV RNA by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The 2 negative samples contained RT-PCR inhibitors. Descriptive epidemiology suggested that staffing practices were important in prolonging the outbreak. No point source of infection was identified. Instead environmental contamination, aerosol transmission and work practices that fail to take account of the natural history of HuCV infection probably contributed to the size (81 cases) and duration (3 weeks) of this outbreak among the residents, staff and visitors of an aged-care facility and their contacts. Institutional outbreaks caused by HuCV, formerly called Norwalk-like or small round structured viruses, are extremely difficult to control. Infected staff may contribute significantly to the amplification of outbreaks. Rapid confirmation of HuCV infection is now routinely possible using polymerase chain reaction diagnostics but progress in laboratory technology has not yet translated into faster or more effective interventions.</p>","PeriodicalId":520897,"journal":{"name":"Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report","volume":"26 2","pages":"261-4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144319279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A measles outbreak among young adults in Victoria, February 2001. 2001年2月，维多利亚州年轻人中爆发麻疹。
Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report Pub Date : 2002-01-01 DOI: 10.33321/cdi.2002.26.25
Natasha Davidson, Ross Andrews, Michaela Riddell, Jennie Leydon, Pauline Lynch
{"title":"A measles outbreak among young adults in Victoria, February 2001.","authors":"Natasha Davidson, Ross Andrews, Michaela Riddell, Jennie Leydon, Pauline Lynch","doi":"10.33321/cdi.2002.26.25","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33321/cdi.2002.26.25","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In January 2001 a 19-year-old Sydney resident, who had recently returned from India, visited Melbourne for 4 days while infectious with measles. A further 50 measles cases were subsequently identified, mainly among young adults. Thirty-eight cases (75%) were in the same birth cohort (born between 1968 and 1981). This cohort was identified as being at high risk of measles infection after a previous outbreak in Victoria involving 75 cases. These individuals are now aged between 20 and 33 years. A high proportion of cases, 22 (43%) were hospitalised after multiple visits to various healthcare providers. None of the cases had documentation of receiving the recommended number of doses of measles-containing vaccine for their age. Repeated outbreaks clearly demonstrate that young adults remain the group at highest risk of measles infection in Victoria. More targeted strategies for young adults and healthcare workers are required to better protect these groups against measles.</p>","PeriodicalId":520897,"journal":{"name":"Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report","volume":"26 2","pages":"273-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144319280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Editorial: towards improving influenza surveillance in Australia. 社论：致力于改善澳大利亚的流感监测。
Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report Pub Date : 2002-01-01 DOI: 10.33321/cdi.2002.26.1
Paul Roche, Jenean Spencer, Angela Merianos
{"title":"Editorial: towards improving influenza surveillance in Australia.","authors":"Paul Roche, Jenean Spencer, Angela Merianos","doi":"10.33321/cdi.2002.26.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33321/cdi.2002.26.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520897,"journal":{"name":"Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report","volume":"26 1","pages":"5-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144319272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Fragmentation of influenza surveillance in Australia. 澳大利亚流感监测的碎片化。
Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report Pub Date : 2002-01-01 DOI: 10.33321/cdi.2002.26.2
Caroline Watts, Heath Kelly
{"title":"Fragmentation of influenza surveillance in Australia.","authors":"Caroline Watts, Heath Kelly","doi":"10.33321/cdi.2002.26.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33321/cdi.2002.26.2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Monitoring of community influenza through sentinel practice networks is essential to track the onset and progress of epidemics. In 1999, the Influenza Pandemic Planning Committee of the Communicable Diseases Network Australia New Zealand (CDNANZ) recommended that a national surveillance system be established comprising both community-based and institutional surveillance. In 2001, however, influenza surveillance remains fragmented in Australia and mainly restricted to major cities. Methods of surveillance and reporting of influenza activity vary between States and even within States. Three disparate case definitions are in use for reporting influenza-like illnesses. Many sentinel sites do not have laboratory support for confirmation of influenza or identification of circulating strains. Dissemination of information is uncoordinated and without a standardised reporting format for collation at a national level. Prompt attention to these issues is important to ensure an adequate public health response to future influenza virus epidemics or a pandemic.</p>","PeriodicalId":520897,"journal":{"name":"Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report","volume":"26 1","pages":"8-13"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144319274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Melioidosis in the Torres Strait islands of far North Queensland. 远北昆士兰托雷斯海峡群岛的类鼻疽病。
Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report Pub Date : 2002-01-01 DOI: 10.33321/cdi.2002.26.26
Antony G Faa, Peter J Holt
{"title":"Melioidosis in the Torres Strait islands of far North Queensland.","authors":"Antony G Faa, Peter J Holt","doi":"10.33321/cdi.2002.26.26","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33321/cdi.2002.26.26","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>During the six-year period from 1995 to 2000, 23 cases of melioidosis were diagnosed from the Torres Strait islands that lie between northern Queensland and Papua New Guinea. This represents an average annual incidence of 42.7 per 100,000 population, the highest documented to date in this region. This probably reflects the extremely high prevalence of diabetes, the high seasonal rainfall in the area, and the lifestyle of Torres Strait Islanders. The majority of patients (20 out of 23) acquired their disease in one of the more remote outer island indigenous communities. Most patients presented with a community-acquired pneumonia or with deep seated abscesses. One patient presented with the first case of suppurative parotitis due to melioidosis recorded in Australia. Diabetes was the overwhelming risk factor, being present in over three-quarters of all cases. Five patients (22%) died. Strategies to try to minimise illness and death due to melioidosis in the Torres Strait are discussed.</p>","PeriodicalId":520897,"journal":{"name":"Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report","volume":"26 2","pages":"279-83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144319286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Australia declared polio free. 澳大利亚宣布消灭小儿麻痹症。
Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report Pub Date : 2002-01-01 DOI: 10.33321/cdi.2002.26.22
Rennie M D' Souza, Margery Kennett, Charles Watson
{"title":"Australia declared polio free.","authors":"Rennie M D' Souza, Margery Kennett, Charles Watson","doi":"10.33321/cdi.2002.26.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33321/cdi.2002.26.22","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>For Australia to be declared polio free, evidence of the absence of circulation of wild poliovirus was required by the Regional Commission for the Certification of Eradication of Poliomyelitis in the Western Pacific in August 2000. Data on surveillance of poliomyelitis, acute flaccid paralysis (AFP), vaccine associated paralytic polio and enteroviruses were provided to document the absence of circulation of wild poliovirus. The last wild poliomyelitis virus case in Australia was in 1972. AFP surveillance has improved since it was initiated in 1995 and achieved a rate of 0.94 per 100,000 population in 1999. No wild polioviruses have been isolated from stool samples of AFP cases. Australia has in place a comprehensive network of laboratories for enterovirus surveillance and this provides further evidence for the absence of wild poliovirus infection. The immunisation coverage in the country has been over 80 per cent over the last 3 years. If there were an importation of a case of poliomyelitis into Australia, a national outbreak response would be coordinated through the Communicable Diseases Network Australia. Plans for containment of laboratory stocks of wild poliovirus are being implemented. The evidence provided was sufficient to satisfy the Regional Commission that there was no wild poliovirus circulating in the region and enabled Australia to be declared polio free on October 29, 2000 along with the other 36 countries in the Western Pacific Region. Australia must remain vigilant against importations of wild poliovirus from endemic countries and maintain high immunisation coverage and sensitive surveillance systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":520897,"journal":{"name":"Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report","volume":"26 2","pages":"253-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144319283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
OzFoodNet: enhancing foodborne disease surveillance across Australia: quarterly report, October to December 2001. OzFoodNet：加强澳大利亚各地食源性疾病监测：2001年10月至12月季度报告。
Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report Pub Date : 2002-01-01 DOI: 10.33321/cdi.2002.26.21
{"title":"OzFoodNet: enhancing foodborne disease surveillance across Australia: quarterly report, October to December 2001.","authors":"","doi":"10.33321/cdi.2002.26.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33321/cdi.2002.26.21","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520897,"journal":{"name":"Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report","volume":"26 2","pages":"248-52"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144319289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Polio eradication in Australia and the world. 在澳大利亚和全世界根除小儿麻痹症。
Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report Pub Date : 2002-01-01 DOI: 10.33321/cdi.2002.26.13
Paul Roche, Jenean Spencer
{"title":"Polio eradication in Australia and the world.","authors":"Paul Roche, Jenean Spencer","doi":"10.33321/cdi.2002.26.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33321/cdi.2002.26.13","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":520897,"journal":{"name":"Communicable diseases intelligence quarterly report","volume":"26 2","pages":"113-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144319290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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