The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences最新文献

{"title":"Patterns of Perceived Control that Buffer Against Cognitive Decline in Midlife and Old Age.","authors":"Jeremy M Hamm, Jennifer R Turner, Margie E Lachman, Laura M Klepacz, Matthew J Pierce, Kelly Parker","doi":"10.1093/geronb/gbaf081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbaf081","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The relationship between domain-general or global perceptions of control and cognition is well-established. However, little is known about how these domain-general beliefs combine with domain-specific perceptions in central life domains to form multifaceted patterns of control that may buffer against cognitive declines in midlife and old age.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used 9-year data from the Midlife in the United States Study (n = 2,734, Mage = 55 years, range = 33-83; 58% female) to identify profiles of domain-general (personal mastery, perceived constraints) and domain-specific control over central life domains (health, work, finances, others' welfare, child relationships, and partner relationship). We subsequently assessed profile differences in 9-year trajectories of cognitive aging and whether these differences became pronounced in old age.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Factor mixture models showed that four common profiles emerged: low control, family control, work control, and domain-specific control. Autoregressive ANCOVAs showed the family control and work control profiles experienced the least 9-year decline in executive functioning (F3,2330 = 3.46, p = .016). Moderation models showed the family control profile experienced less decline in executive functioning than the work control profile, but only in old age (b = -.006, p = .020). Supplemental analyses showed profile differences in cognitive aging were (a) mediated by theory-derived process variables (positive and negative affect) and (b) extended to a broader suite of health-related developmental outcomes (functional limitations, chronic conditions, and mortality).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Findings inform lifespan theories of development by documenting meaningful patterns of domain-general and domain-specific control that have implications for healthy cognitive aging.</p>","PeriodicalId":520811,"journal":{"name":"The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144113317","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"\"Flexible Trade-Off\": Social Participation Change Model among Middle-Aged and Older Stroke Survivors: A Grounded Theory Study.","authors":"Huijing Zhang, Shu Sun, Linya Ma, Amanguli Abudureyimu, Minghan Xiu, Kun Li, Xi Vivien Wu","doi":"10.1093/geronb/gbaf091","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbaf091","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Stroke survivors face significant challenges in social participation and great restrictions in returning to normal life. However, studies about the social participation change process and how they cope with challenges are scarce. This study aimed to explore social participation changes among middle-aged and older stroke survivors and to construct a model that elucidates the recovery process of social participation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A grounded theory approach by Glaser and Strauss was employed. Adults diagnosed with stroke were recruited in two acute tertiary hospitals in Northeast China. Face-to-face individual interviews and participant observations were conducted with 45 stroke survivors (mean age = 66.30) between March and November 2023. Data collection and analysis occurred concurrently. Open, axial, and selective coding were used along with memo writing and figure drawing.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Three change phases of social participation were identified: decreased social participation level, \"flexible trade-off\" in social participation (core category), and differentiated social participation extents. Stroke survivors weighed the cumulative influences of barriers and facilitators of social participation and generated four opinions. They flexibly employed positive, non-effective, or negative coping strategies to reorganize personal and environmental resources and establish daily routines in participation. Under the \"flexible trade-off\" process, stroke survivors showed open-ended, semi-open, or blocked participation.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Findings could guide middle-aged and older stroke survivors to balance multiple barriers and facilitators, mitigate negative emotions, and enhance positive coping abilities. Healthcare providers should assist them in effectively adjusting social participation extents based on specific personal and environmental conditions and to reestablish daily routines in participation.</p>","PeriodicalId":520811,"journal":{"name":"The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144113336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neighborhood Social and Physical Environment and Cognitive Function among Brazilian Adults Aged 50.","authors":"Lourdes S Romañach Álvarez, Mateo P Farina, Elizabeth Muñoz","doi":"10.1093/geronb/gbaf092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbaf092","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>Positive perceptions of the neighborhood environment are associated with better cognitive functioning in older adulthood. However, little is known about the significance of neighborhoods for cognitive function in lower- and middle-income countries, where this association may be augmented by limited resources and higher economic inequality. This study examined the association between neighborhood characteristics and cognitive functioning among Brazilians aged 50+.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Using data from the 2016 Brazilian Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSI-Brazil) (n = 7,699), we fit a series of linear regression models to examine how self-reported social and physical neighborhood characteristics were associated with global cognition, immediate and delayed recall, and verbal fluency.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Perceiving one's neighborhood as a good place to live predicted better global cognition and verbal fluency. Greater perceived availability of healthy foods within one's neighborhood was linked to better cognitive functioning on all tasks, although this was no longer significant after adjusting for education. Appraising one's neighborhood as a good place for youth was associated with worse cognitive functioning on all tasks.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>We found associations across certain neighborhood characteristics and cognitive functioning in a nationally representative sample of Brazilian adults, suggesting neighborhood context may be tied to cognitive function in low- and middle-income countries. Unexpectedly, rating one's neighborhood as good for youth predicted worse cognition, possibly due to neighborhood age structure. Further research is needed to clarify these effects in the Brazilian context and understand how and why these associations impact later life cognitive functioning.</p>","PeriodicalId":520811,"journal":{"name":"The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144113337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Training Autobiographical Memory in Older Adults using Photos from Wearable Cameras.","authors":"Tuíla Maciel Felinto, Tory Worth, Erin Welch, Roberto Cabeza","doi":"10.1093/geronb/gbaf093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbaf093","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Older adults are substantially impaired in memory for specific past events, particularly for memory of contextual information, such as when an event happened (temporal-order memory). In the current study, we investigated a novel approach for training temporal-order memory in older adults using wearable cameras that automatically take first-person photos of participants' lives.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>As opposed to the traditional method of training memory using simple laboratory stimuli (laboratory memory-LM), our method trained memory using participants' life events (autobiographical memory-AM). We randomly assigned participants to three groups, the AM group trained using photos from wearable cameras, the LM group trained using conventional laboratory stimuli (scene photos), and the control VK (vocabulary knowledge) group trained on word definitions. We assessed temporal-order memory for AM events (AM task) and LM stimuli (LM task) in the lab before and after training, which occurred at home 5 days per week for 4-5 weeks.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A significant interaction showed that AM training was more effective for enhancing autobiographical memory whereas LM training was more effective in improving laboratory memory. The control training condition did not enhance either form of memory.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The results suggest that using photos from wearable cameras is a promising approach for improving autobiographical memory in older adults.</p>","PeriodicalId":520811,"journal":{"name":"The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144113318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Loneliness and Its Association With General and Health-Related Measures of Subjective Well-Being in a Longitudinal Bicultural Cohort of Older Adults in Advanced Age Living in New Zealand: LiLACS NZ.","authors":"Roy Lay-Yee,&nbsp;Barry J Milne,&nbsp;Valerie A Wright-St Clair,&nbsp;Joanna Broad,&nbsp;Tim Wilkinson,&nbsp;Martin Connolly,&nbsp;Ruth Teh,&nbsp;Karen Hayman,&nbsp;Marama Muru-Lanning,&nbsp;Ngaire Kerse","doi":"10.1093/geronb/gbac087","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbac087","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>There is evidence that loneliness is detrimental to the subjective well-being of older adults. However, little is known on this topic for the cohort of those in advanced age (80 years or older), which today is the fastest-growing age group in the New Zealand population. We examined the relationships between loneliness and selected subjective well-being outcomes over 5 years.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We used a regional, bicultural sample of those in advanced age from 2010 to 2015 (Life and Living in Advanced Age: a Cohort Study in New Zealand). The first wave enrolled 937 people (92% of whom were living in the community): 421 Māori (Indigenous New Zealanders aged 80-90 years) and 516 non-Māori aged 85 years. We applied standard regression techniques to baseline data and mixed-effects models to longitudinal data, while adjusting for sociodemographic factors.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>For both Māori and non-Māori, strong negative associations between loneliness and subjective well-being were found at baseline. In longitudinal analyses, we found that loneliness was negatively associated with life satisfaction as well as with mental health-related quality of life.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Our findings of adverse impacts on subjective well-being corroborate other evidence, highlighting loneliness as a prime candidate for intervention-appropriate to cultural context-to improve well-being for adults in advanced age.</p>","PeriodicalId":520811,"journal":{"name":"The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences","volume":" ","pages":"1904-1915"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2022-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9535776/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40404745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Piano Training Enhances Executive Functions and Psychosocial Outcomes in Aging: Results of a Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Jennifer A Bugos,&nbsp;Yan Wang","doi":"10.1093/geronb/gbac021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbac021","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Preliminary evidence suggests that piano training may enhance areas of executive functions and psychosocial outcomes in aging adults. However, little is known regarding specific cognitive outcomes affected and whether or not enhancements are sustainable. We conducted a randomized controlled trial to evaluate the effects of piano training on cognitive performance, psychosocial well-being, and physiological stress and immune function in older adults.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Older adults (N = 155, 60-80 years) completed an initial 3-h assessment of standardized cognitive and psychosocial measures. Participants were randomly assigned to one of the 3 groups: piano training, computer-assisted cognitive training, or a no-treatment control group. Training groups completed a 16-week program with 2 group training sessions per week for 90 min each session. All participants completed a standard battery of executive functions (working memory, processing speed, verbal fluency), psychosocial measures (musical and general self-efficacy, mood), and physiological measures (cortisol and immune function) at pretesting, posttesting, and at a 3-month follow-up time point.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The results showed that piano training and computer-assisted cognitive training enhanced working memory and processing speed as compared to controls. Piano training significantly increased verbal fluency skills in category switching, as compared to computer-assisted cognitive training and no-treatment controls. Participants in piano training demonstrated enhanced general and musical self-efficacy posttraining; however, no significant differences were found for physiological measures.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Piano training resulted in a unique advantage in category switching as compared to computer-assisted cognitive training and no-treatment controls. Music training programs may mitigate or prevent cognitive deficits in verbal skills.</p><p><strong>Clinical trial registration: </strong>NCT02564601.</p>","PeriodicalId":520811,"journal":{"name":"The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences","volume":" ","pages":"1625-1636"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39900194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Self-Enhanced False Memory Across the Life Span.","authors":"Jianqin Wang,&nbsp;Henry Otgaar,&nbsp;Mark L Howe,&nbsp;Qun Dong,&nbsp;Chu Zhou","doi":"10.1093/geronb/gbac020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbac020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The role of self in veridical memory has been extensively studied, but what is the role of self in false memory development across the life span? The current study examined the impact of self-reference on associative false memory in children, younger adults, and older adults, and further investigated possible mechanisms concerning how self-reference might affect false memory in different age groups.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Combining a self-reference manipulation with the Deese/Roediger-McDermott (DRM) paradigm, children, younger adults, and older adults encoded DRM word lists as paired with their own name, another person's name, or a red square. Later their true and false recognition memory as well as recollection and familiarity were measured.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A self-enhanced false memory effect was found in all age groups. That is, participants generated more false memories in the self-reference condition relative to the other-reference and neutral conditions. Furthermore, when examining its underlying memory mechanisms, we found that self-reference mainly increased false recollection in younger adults but facilitated familiarity of critical lures in older adults.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Although self-reference increases false memory in both younger and older adults, the underlying mechanisms are different in that older adults have more self-relevant false familiarity while younger adults generate more self-relevant phantom recollection. The current study also has implications for eyewitness reports, suggesting that the self-relevance of memory may be one relevant factor to consider when evaluating potential risk factors of false memory.</p>","PeriodicalId":520811,"journal":{"name":"The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences","volume":" ","pages":"1645-1653"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39736607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does Retirement Change What Individuals Value in Life? Results From a 3-Year Panel Study.","authors":"Olga Grünwald,&nbsp;Marleen Damman,&nbsp;Kène Henkens","doi":"10.1093/geronb/gbac014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbac014","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>In previous research on retirement, what individuals value in life is often assumed to remain stable after the transition into retirement. However, retirement exposes individuals to new social settings and might thus prompt them to reevaluate their life orientations. Quantitative empirical knowledge about this process is limited, though. This study examines the impact of retirement on changes in the perceived importance of self-development, social status, societal contribution, and generativity in older adults' lives. We draw on the life-course framework to develop hypotheses about which life orientations are more likely to change after retirement and how.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We analyzed data collected in 2015 and 2018 among 5,034 Dutch individuals aged 60-65 and employed at baseline. Around half had fully retired at follow-up (either voluntarily or involuntarily), and 10% worked after retirement.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Conditional change models reveal that voluntary full retirement was linked to statistically significant-but (very) small-decreases in the importance of self-development, social status, societal contribution, and generativity compared to continuous career work. Differences in changes of life orientations between retirement processes (i.e., postretirement work, involuntary full retirement) were also small.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>The findings point to relatively high levels of continuity during the transition from career employment to retirement, given the small effect sizes observed. The notion that after retirement, individuals will reevaluate what they value in life-as expected in light of the exposure-based mechanism from the life-course literature-seems to be less pronounced than initially expected.</p>","PeriodicalId":520811,"journal":{"name":"The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences","volume":" ","pages":"1699-1709"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/1c/e0/gbac014.PMC9434457.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39867561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compensatory Connections? Living Alone, Loneliness, and the Buffering Role of Social Connection Among Older American and European Adults.","authors":"Markus H Schafer,&nbsp;Haosen Sun,&nbsp;Jin A Lee","doi":"10.1093/geronb/gbab217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbab217","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>The growth of solo living has important implications for the rising \"loneliness epidemic\" among older adults. This study considered whether 2 forms of social connectedness-extra-household core discussion networks and social participation-buffer the loneliness associated with living alone.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>Our study used data from 2 surveys (National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project; Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe) encompassing 20 developed Western countries in 2009/2010 and 2015/2016 (n = 110,817). Harmonizing measures across data sets, we estimated survey-specific and pooled longitudinal regression models with interaction terms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>High levels of social connectedness only moderately buffered the loneliness associated with living alone in later life. Findings were largely consistent across regions of Europe and the United States, though the buffering patterns were most robustly identified for widowed solo dwellers.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Extra-household connections are partial compensators, but do not seem to fully replace the ready companionship afforded by residential copresence in later life. Future research is needed to understand whether the efficacy of compensatory connections differs by gender, race/ethnicity, and across more diverse global regions.</p>","PeriodicalId":520811,"journal":{"name":"The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences","volume":" ","pages":"1550-1560"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2022-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39948955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Not \"The More The Merrier\": Diminishing Returns to Daily Face-To-Face Social Interaction Frequency for Well-Being in Older Age.","authors":"Minxia Luo,&nbsp;Birthe Macdonald,&nbsp;Gizem Hülür","doi":"10.1093/geronb/gbac010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbac010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>While being socially active is beneficial for well-being in older age, it is unclear whether effects of social interactions on well-being indicate \"the more the merrier\" or if they have limits as individuals socialize more or less across different days. This study addressed diminishing returns to social interaction frequency for well-being.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We examined data from an event-contingent experience sampling study from 116 Swiss older adults (65 to 94 years old) over 21 days. Participants reported face-to-face social interactions once they occurred and daily well-being (i.e., positive and negative affect, loneliness) in the evenings.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>On average, participants had 2.09 face-to-face social interactions per day. Linear and quadratic effects from multilevel models conjointly indicated that a higher number of daily social interactions was associated with higher daily positive affect and lower daily negative affect and loneliness, but that well-being reached its peak at 2-3 times above participants' typical daily interaction frequency. Once these numbers were surpassed, the benefit of additional social interactions diminished. Additionally, participants who typically had fewer social interactions, were unmarried, lived alone, and had more health conditions showed stronger associations between daily social interaction frequency and well-being.</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>Our findings suggest the benefits of social interactions on well-being exhibit diminishing returns. Social interactions may play a bigger role in older adults with less satiation for desire to belong and a limited future time perspective. We discuss these findings in terms of the belongingness hypothesis and the socioemotional selectivity theory.</p>","PeriodicalId":520811,"journal":{"name":"The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences","volume":" ","pages":"1431-1441"},"PeriodicalIF":6.2,"publicationDate":"2022-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39720386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}